Notes

1 Coker, Meg. "Baseball Teams Worried Some Players May Not Be Fielded Due To Visa Quotas." Cox News Service, (last revised May 04, 2006). http://www.visalaw.com/FAS/cox0506.pdf (accessed December 2007).

2 Coker, Meg. "Baseball Teams Worried Some Players May Not Be Fielded Due To Visa Quotas." Cox News Service, (last revised May 04, 2006). http://www.visalaw.com/FAS/cox0506.pdf (accessed December 2007).

3 Young, Ronald. "For Everyone Else, There’s Visa…." MLN Sports Zone, (last revised 2005). http://www.minorleaguenews.com/features/articles2005/02/20.html (accessed December, 2007).

4 Young, Ronald. "For Everyone Else, There’s Visa…." MLN Sports Zone, (last revised 2005). http://www.minorleaguenews.com/features/articles2005/02/20.html (accessed December, 2007).

5 Young, Ronald. "For Everyone Else, There’s Visa…." MLN Sports Zone, (last revised 2005). http://www.minorleaguenews.com/features/articles2005/02/20.html (accessed December, 2007).

6 Coker, Meg. "Baseball Teams Worried Some Players May Not Be Fielded Due To Visa Quotas." Cox News Service, (last revised May 04, 2006). http://www.visalaw.com/FAS/cox0506.pdf (accessed December 2007).

7 Young, Ronald. "For Everyone Else, There’s Visa…." MLN Sports Zone, (last revised 2005). http://www.minorleaguenews.com/features/articles2005/02/20.html (accessed December, 2007).

8 BBC News. “Cuban Baseball Coach Defects.” (last revised 1999). http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/334902.stm (accessed December, 2007).

9 Soldevilla, Dionisio. “Cuban baseball star eyes U.S. major leagues while waiting in Dominican Republic.” The Associated Press, (last revised September 2007). http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/09/21/sports/CB-SPT-BBL-Dominican-Cuban-Hopeful.php#end_main (accessed December, 2007).

10 Arango, Tim. “Agent for Cuban Baseball Defectors Convicted.” Fortune, (last revised April 2007). http://money.cnn.com/2007/04/12/news/international/cuba_baseball.fortune/index.htm (accessed December, 2007).

11 SammySosa.info. "Sammy Sosa's Biography." (last revised 2006). http://www.sammysosa.info/biography/ (accessed December, 2007).

12 Wikipedia. "Jose Canseco." (last revised November 20, 2007). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Canseco (accessed December, 2007).

13 Wikipedia. "Jose Canseco." (last revised November 20, 2007). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jose_Canseco (accessed December, 2007).

14 Wikipedia. "Felipe Alou." (last revised November 7, 2007). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Felipe_Alou (accessed December 2007).

15 BaseballLibrary.com. "Felipe Alou." The Idea Logical Company, (last revised 2006). http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Felipe_Alou_1935 (accessed December, 2007).

16 BaseballLibrary.com. "Felipe Alou." The Idea Logical Company, (last revised 2006). http://www.baseballlibrary.com/ballplayers/player.php?name=Felipe_Alou_1935 (accessed December, 2007).

17 Hayes, Parker. "Beyond Baseball: The Life of Roberto Clemente." Smithsonian Institute. http://robertoclemente.si.edu/english/index.htm (accessed December 2007). 

18 Hayes, Parker. "Beyond Baseball: The Life of Roberto Clemente." Smithsonian Institute. http://robertoclemente.si.edu/english/index.htm (accessed December 2007). 

19 Hayes, Parker. "Beyond Baseball: The Life of Roberto Clemente." Smithsonian Institute. http://robertoclemente.si.edu/english/index.htm (accessed December 2007). 

20 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

21 Hayes, Parker. "Beyond Baseball: The Life of Roberto Clemente." Smithsonian Institute. http://robertoclemente.si.edu/english/index.htm (accessed December 2007). 

22 Hayes, Parker. "Beyond Baseball: The Life of Roberto Clemente." Smithsonian Institute. http://robertoclemente.si.edu/english/index.htm (accessed December 2007). 

23 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

24 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

25 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

26 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

27 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005).
http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

28 Campello, F. Lennox. "Before El Duque There was Luque and Before Robinson There was Estalella." F. Lennox Campello, (last revised 2003). http://campello.tripod.com/firstblackinbaseball.html (accessed December 2007).

29 Campello, F. Lennox. "Before El Duque There was Luque and Before Robinson There was Estalella." F. Lennox Campello, (last revised 2003). http://campello.tripod.com/firstblackinbaseball.html (accessed December 2007).

30 Campello, F. Lennox. "Before El Duque There was Luque and Before Robinson There was Estalella." F. Lennox Campello, (last revised 2003). http://campello.tripod.com/firstblackinbaseball.html (accessed December 2007).

31 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

32 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

33 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

34 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December, 2007)

35 Wikipedia. "Orlando Cepeda." (last revised November 19, 2007). http://www.baseball-reference.com/bullpen/Orlando_Cepeda (accessed December 2007).

36 ESPN.com. "Sheffield says Latin players easier to control than blacks" ESPN news services, (last revised June 3, 2007). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2891875 (accessed December 2007).

37 ESPN.com. "Sheffield says Latin players easier to control than blacks" ESPN news services, (last revised June 3, 2007). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2891875 (accessed December 2007).

38 ESPN.com. "Perez on Sheff's comments: 'That's going to hurt a lot of people'." ESPN news services, (last revised 2007). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2893756 (accessed October 2007).

39 ESPN.com. "Perez on Sheff's comments: 'That's going to hurt a lot of people'." ESPN news services, (last revised 2007). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=2893756 (accessed October 2007).

40  ESPN.com. "Contreras' wife, two daughters are in Florida" ESPN news services, (last revised June 24, 2004). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1826440 (accessed December, 2007).

41 ESPN.com. "Contreras' wife, two daughters are in Florida" ESPN news services, (last revised June 24, 2004). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1826440 (accessed December, 2007).

42 ESPN.com. "Contreras' wife, two daughters are in Florida" ESPN news services, (last revised June 24, 2004). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1826440 (accessed December, 2007).

43 ESPN.com. "Contreras' wife, two daughters are in Florida" ESPN news services, (last revised June 24, 2004). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1826440 (accessed December, 2007).

44 ESPN.com. "Contreras' wife, two daughters are in Florida" ESPN news services, (last revised June 24, 2004). http://sports.espn.go.com/mlb/news/story?id=1826440 (accessed December, 2007).

45 Gmelch, George. Baseball Without Borders: The International Pastime. University of Nebraska Press, 2006. Page 147.

46 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 71-77.

47 Encyclopedia Brittanica Online. “Latin Americans in Major League Baseball.” (last revised 2007). http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9384936/Latin-Americans-in-Major-League-Baseball.

48 Encyclopedia Brittanica Online. “Latin Americans in Major League Baseball.” (last revised 2007). http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9384936/Latin-Americans-in-Major-League-Baseball.

49 Martinez, Ibsen. "Latin Baseball: A fronteir Story." The Library of Economics and Liberty, (last revised Janurary 9, 2006). http://www.econlib.org/library/Columns/y2006/Martinezbaseball.html (accessed December, 2006).

50 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 203-204.

51 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 203-204.

52 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 203-204.

53 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December 2007)

54 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 232-233.

55 Burgos Jr., Adrian. Playing america's game: Baseball, latinos, and the color line. California: University of California Press, 2007. Page 232-233.

56 Latino Legends in Sports. "The Legends Archive." Latino Legends in Sports, (last revised 2005). http://www.latinosportslegends.com/archives.htm (accessed December 2007)

57 Gmelch, George. Baseball Without Borders: The International Pastime. University of Nebraska Press, 2006.