________________________________________________________________ [Moderators' note: The following message describes how to do things on LINGUIST, and with the LINGUISTS Nameserver. We send this out every few weeks so that it will be available through the same channel as the messages, rather like the stylesheet in the front cover of a paper journal. It will always appear without a volume number and with the subject line "LINGUIST How-To's" followed by the date of the latest update, and the annotation (REV) if the file has been changed since the last posting, and (UNREV) if it has not. An asterisk marks these modified sections.] ---VERY IMPORTANT--- When communicating with the Listserv you MUST use the routing appropriate to your subscription. If you are a Bitnet subscriber, messages sent to the Internet address of the Listserv will very often be rejected, and an Internet subscriber who mails to the Listserv's Bitnet address will be spurned with equal alacrity. If you're receiving LINGUIST yet your messages to the Listserv are unsuccessful, always try using both the Internet and the Bitnet address of the Listserv. You may be subscribed under either kind of addressing, depending on how you sent your original subscription request. ------------------------------ HOW TO: 1) SUBSCRIBE TO LINGUIST: Send a message to: Listserv@tamvm1.tamu.edu (if you are on the Internet) or Listserv@tamvm1 (if you are on Bitnet) The message should consist of the following line only: subscribe linguist Ex: subscribe linguist Jane Doe 2) TEMPORARILY STOP RECEIVING LINGUIST: Send a message to the Listserv (NOT to the main LINGUIST address) at the address in (1) above. The message should consist of the following line only: set linguist nomail You might do this if, for example, you are going on vacation for a few weeks. When you return, simply do (3) below. 3) RESTART LINGUIST AFTER HAVING SET YOURSELF TO "NOMAIL": Send a message to the Listserv, at the address in (1) above. The message should consist of the following line only: set linguist mail 4) PERMANENTLY REMOVE YOURSELF FROM THE LIST: Send a message to the Listserv, as in (1) above. The message should consist of the following line only: unsub linguist 5) FIND OUT WHY YOU AREN'T GETTING LINGUIST: Send a message to the Listserv, as in (1) above. The message should consist of the following line only: query linguist This will tell you the status of your own subscription. If you find you've been set to Nomail, you can restart your subscription by following (3) above. If you find that the Listserv has no record of you, simply resubscribe by following (1) above. (Your subscription may have been deleted because messages were bouncing from the address you gave us, and we weren't able to contact you.) 6) GET THE LISTSERV TO CORRECT YOUR NAME: Send a "subscribe" command as described in (1). Listserv treats a "subscribe" command from someone who is already subscribed to the list as a name change request. If, on the other hand, you want to change your ADDRESS, please contact the moderators. *7) GET THE NAMES AND E-MAIL ADDRESSES OF LINGUIST SUBSCRIBERS: Send a message to the Listserv, as in (1) above. The message should consist of the single line: review linguist If you wish to receive a list which is categorized by country, send the following message: review linguist (country Yes, there IS only one parenthesis here! 8) JOIN IN THE LINGUIST DISCUSSION: Address your message to: Linguist@tamvm1.tamu.edu (Internet) or Linguist@tamvm1 (Bitnet) Or simply select the Reply option while reading a LINGUIST message. Please do not reply to more than one LINGUIST posting in a single message. This gives the editors a lot of extra work! 9) RETRIEVE A FILE FROM THE LISTSERV: We frequently announce that large files are available on the Listserv. To get such a file sent to you as a mail message, follow the instructions given in the message announcing that the file is available. BUT REMEMBER: The address for retrieving files is different from the address for posting a message to LINGUIST. Most of our files are kept on listserv@tamvm1.tamu.edu, but a few are kept elsewhere. So be sure to use the address given in the announcement. Usually it will tell you to send a message consisting of the following line: get linguist Ex: get lsa lst linguist (This will retrieve the list of e-mail addresses for LSA members.) If the listserv tells you that the file is unknown to it, you may just have the wrong name. Get a listing of all the files it has by sending the listserv the message: index linguist *10) PUT A FILE ON THE LISTSERV: We ask that you put very long files (e.g. over 400 lines) of longterm interest on the Listserv, rather than posting them to the entire list. Files appropriate for the Listserv include conference abstracts; linguistic surveys; long bibliographies; reports on projects directly relevant to linguistic research (e.g., the Text-Encoding Initiative); and other material of wide interest within the linguistics community. If you have material to put on the Listserv: Head the material EITHER "For the Listserv" OR "For the Listserv--announcement follows" and send it to: Linguist@tamvm1.tamu.edu In other words, send it exactly like a regular LINGUIST message. We will put it on the Listserv for you and announce to the list that it is available. Depending on your header, we will announce it in one of two ways: If you have headed it, " . . . announcement follows" we'll wait for your summary announcement and post that, after appending our standard header telling how to retrieve the complete file. THIS IS THE OPTION WHICH WE WOULD PREFER, since it ensures a coherent announcement. Please make your announcement brief and send it, as a second mail message, to the same address. If you have headed it simply "For the Listserv," we'll post the first few lines of the file, after appending our standard header telling how to retrieve the complete file. 11) GET A BACK ISSUE OF LINGUIST: If the issue you want is one from the last year or so, these are still available on line from the listserv. Since these are kept in archive files, you'll need to send a database query to the listserv asking for an index of all back issues. You get such a listing by sending the following to the listserv: //SEARCH JOB ECHO=NO DATABASE SEARCH DD=RULES //RULES DD * SEARCH * IN LINGUIST INDEX and it will return the listing of all issue numbers, with their headers. To retrieve an issue, send the message: //SEARCH JOB ECHO=NO DATABASE SEARCH DD=RULES //RULES DD * SEARCH * IN LINGUIST PRINT Item-Number to the address: listserv@tamvm1.tamu.edu (Internet) listserv@tamvm1 (Bitnet) Note that you use the Listserv's OWN item number, NOT the LINGUIST issue number. More than one issue can be retrieved at once. For more help on how to use the database, see (12) below. 12) GET ISSUES RELEVANT TO A PARTICULAR DISCUSSION: You remember that there was a discussion a while back about Acehnese, but can't remember exactly when. You need to use the database functions of Listserv, so that you can get it to track down the issues for you. You send the following to the listserv: //SEARCH JOB ECHO=NO DATABASE SEARCH DD=RULES //RULES DD * SEARCH ACEHNESE IN LINGUIST INDEX and it returns a listing of issues which mention Acehnese. But how do you retrieve the issues you want? (11) above will tell how to do it. For more complex searches than this one, you'll need to find out more on how to use Listserv's database. So you send the message: get database help linguist to the address: listserv@tamvm1.tamu.edu (Internet) listserv@tamvm1 (Bitnet) *13) GET THE LISTSERV TO COOPERATE WHEN IT HASN'T SO FAR: If you've been getting LINGUIST but haven't been able to get files, set nomail, etc., the Listserv may have an address which differs from the one on your mail-messages. A sure sign that the Listserv doesn't recognize you is the response "DATA CONTROL ACCESS VIOLATION" when you try a database search or a review. This simply means that the Listserv doesn't know who you are, and is refusing to allow a non-subscriber access to LINGUIST data. There are a number of ways to handle this: a. If you have both a Bitnet and an Internet address, make sure that you're sending messages to the Listserv by the appropriate routing. Try sending messages to both of the Listserv's addresses to see if one works. b. Check to see if your address has changed since you subscribed. If this has happened, you'll need to resubscribe and tell the moderators to remove your old address. c. Many people also receive LINGUIST through local redistribution lists. Such a subscription allows you to read LINGUIST, but not to access its data. If this is your situation, you'll have to subscribe personally. You can set yourself to nomail if you want to continue receiving mail through the distribution list. If all else fails, ask the moderators for help. 14) GET EXTRA HELP WITH ANY OF THE ABOVE: Send a message to either of us: aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu (Anthony Aristar) hdry@emunix.emich.edu (Helen Dry) We'll be happy to help if we can. --Helen & Anthony ------------------------------------- HOW TO USE THE LINGUISTS NAMESERVER The LINGUISTS NAMESERVER is a program which allows linguists to find the e-mail addresses of other linguists. ALL SUBSCRIBERS TO LINGUIST SHOULD SEND THEIR OWN LISTING TO THE NAMESERVER WHEN THEY FIRST SUBSCRIBE, in the way described below. NB: The LINGUISTS Nameserver is administered independently from the LINGUIST mailing list. All ENQUIRIES about the server should be sent to the administrator of the nameserver, Norval Smith, at the address NSMITH@ALF.LET.UVA.NL. DO NOT SEND ANY NAMESERVER MESSAGES TO LINGUIST@TAMSUN.TAMU.EDU OR TO LINGUIST@TAMVM1. These addresses will not be able to deal with them. @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ All nameserver messages using the commands below should be sent by e-mail to: linguists@alf.let.uva.nl (linguist@alf.let.uva.nl works too) 1) To get a listing of (an) address(es): list SURNAME 2) To add an address to the Nameserver list: add SURNAME, FIRSTNAME: USERNAME@ADDRESS 3) To remove an address from the Nameserver list: remove SURNAME, FIRSTNAME: USERNAME@ADDRESS 4) To receive the whole list (230 Kb) list * 5) To get a complete HELP message: help 6) To get a list of available FAX numbers: list fax Some Do's and Don'ts. NB-1: All capitalized portions of the above commands are variables. Replace with the relevant names. NB-2: Please use only lower-case letters. NB-3: Start all commands at the left margin. NB-4: Start each command on a new line. As many commands as you like in one message. NB-5: It's just a dumb computer. No message other than the above commands will have any effect at all. NB-6: Please don't attempt to reach us with a TELL message. You will only get a NO SUCH NODE message back. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-901. Sun 15 Nov 1992. Lines: 66 Subject: 3.901 Queries: Resumptive Auxiliaries; -is/-iyz Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 13 Nov 1992 10:50:18 EST From: Robert Beard Subject: Resumptive auxiliaries 2) Date: 13 Nov 1992 20:36:58 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: -is/-iyz -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 13 Nov 1992 10:50:18 EST From: Robert Beard Subject: Resumptive auxiliaries I am working on a morphological explanation of certain types of movement and have come up with a hypothesis which predicts resump- tive pronouns. It also strongly suggests in the case of Aux and verb raising, e.g. German _Ist Hans gekommt_ and _Kommt Hans nach Hause_, the possibility of resumptive auxiliaries. I suppose other hypotheses predict something similar. I have not been able to find anything which might count as a resumptive auxiliary and so would be grateful for any suggestions as to where I might look. Please send any ideas directly to me at my personal address. --RBeard Robert Beard, rbeard@bucknell.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 13 Nov 1992 20:36:58 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: -is/-iyz The discussion of pejorative terms reminded me of an explanation for the pronunciation of *Chinese* one sometimes hears in which *-ese* is pronounced [is] rather than [iz]. According to this explanation, the use of [is] is to avoid the perception by the hearer that the speaker is pluralizing the derogatory *Chinee*. Has anyone else heard this explanation? Is it on the level? Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-901. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-902. Sun 15 Nov 1992. Lines: 119 Subject: 3.902 FYI: New Welsh List; Journal Announcement Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 92 16:11:36 GMT From: Briony Williams Subject: New Welsh bulletin board 2) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 11:12 EST From: SJS97@ALBNYVMS.bitnet Subject: Journal announcement, _Res. on Language and Soc. Interaction_ -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 92 16:11:36 GMT From: Briony Williams Subject: New Welsh bulletin board A new Welsh bulletin board has just been launched. It may also cover Breton and Cornish, and is a sister list to GAELIC-L (for Irish, Scottish and Manx Gaelic). The following is the charter, followed by the list's address. WELSH-L ------- The WELSH-L bulletin board aims to foster the amicable discussion of questions of the Welsh language, Welsh culture, history, and politics, and to offer a forum for speakers and learners of the Welsh language. Both Welsh and English may be used. Users are encouraged to exchange their opinions in Welsh, if they can, and special consideration may be given to Welsh learners expressing themselves in Welsh. The emphasis will be on Welsh as a living language, and Welsh culture as actually lived out in Wales at the present day. Discussions of Celtic myth in general, the relationship between Celtic paganism and Anglo-Saxon Wicca, etc. will probably find a more ready audience on the CELTIC-L bulletin board at IRLEARN.UCD.IE. If there is an interest in expanding the range of topics to include discussion in and about the language and culture of Welsh's close sister languages, Breton and Cornish, WELSH-L will be able to serve as a forum for that as well. ******** To subscribe to WELSH-L, send the following message SUBSCRIBE WELSH-L to LISTSERV@IRLEARN.UCD.IE In cases of difficulty, contact one of the list owners: EVERSON@IRLEARN.UCD.IE (Michael Everson) BRIONY@CSTR.ED.AC.UK (Briony Williams) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 11:12 EST From: SJS97@ALBNYVMS.bitnet Subject: Journal announcement, _Res. on Language and Soc. Interaction_ Bob Sanders and I have just finished with page proofs for volume 26 # 1 of RoLSI. We expect that Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, the new publishers, will have the journal available by the end of January 93. The Table of Contents is as follows: EMPIRICAL STUDIES OF LANG. AND SOCIAL INTERACTION -Caveat Speaker: Preliminary Notes on Recipient Topic-Shift Implicature (Gail Jefferson) -"Lefargen": A Study in Israeli Semantics of Social Relations (Tamar Katriel) -"Tengo una Bomba": The Paralinguistic and Linguistic Conventions of the Oral Practice "Chismeando" (Joan Kelly Hall) CONCEPTUAL ISSUES IN CULTURALLY CONTEXTED RESEARCH -Ariadne's Thread and Indra's Net: Reflections on Ethnography, Ethnicity, Identity, Culture and Interaction (Michael Moerman) FEATURE ESSAY: METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES IN RESEACH ON TALK-IN-INTERACTION -Reflections on Quantification in the Study of Conversation (Emanuel Schegloff) * * * * * * * * * Volume 26 # 2 is shaping up along the following lines: EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON LANGUAGE AND SOCIAL INTERACTION - Patronizing the Elderly: Intergenerational Evaluations (Howard Giles, Susan Fox, Elisa Smith) COLLOQUY: ON ISSUES OF QUANTIFICATION IN CONVERSATION ANALYSIS (Special section editor: D. Lawrence Wieder) -On the Compound Questions Raised by Attempts to Quantify Conversation Analysis's Phenomena (D. Lawrence Wieder) -Back Channels Revisited: Acknowledgement Tokens and Speakership Incipiency (Kent Drummond & Robert Hopper) -Acknowledgement Tokens and Speakership Incipience Revisited (Don Zimmerman) -It's an Interesting Article! (Karen Tracy) -Some Uses of "Yeah" (Kent Drummond & Robert Hopper) * * * * * * * * * For more information about the journal (call for papers, subscription info, etc.), contact me as follows: Stuart Sigman, Associate Editor, Research on Language and Social INteraction, Dept. of Communication - BA 119, SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222. FAX: 518-442-3884. BITNET: SJS97@ALBNYVMS -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-902. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-903. Tue 17 Nov 1992. Lines: 88 Subject: 3.903 Call For Papers Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 15 Nov 92 14:33:41 EDT From: LNGDANAP@vm.uoguelph.ca Subject: Call for papers 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 11:18:08 GMT From: Dr M Sebba Subject: CONFERENCES: SOCIOLINGUISTICS SYMPOSIUM 10 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 15 Nov 92 14:33:41 EDT From: LNGDANAP@vm.uoguelph.ca Subject: Call for papers First Notice CALL FOR PAPERS University of Exeter September 12 - 14 1993 Conference on REACTIVE AND CREATIVE CALL This will be the fifth conference to be held in Exeter on Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). Previous conferences have allowed not only experts in the field, but all interested parties, to meet and discuss problems and progress in CALL in a relaxed atmosphere. The proceedings have been published and bear witness to the important discoveries and research into an important area of modern education. It is hoped that the conference will be well supported by international scholars. The estimated cost, with residence in Mardon Hall, centrally placed on the University campus, for full board and Conference fee is 96 pounds. You are invited to offer to read a paper on any aspect of CALL, but in particular topics dealing with CALL and programs which correct, or which allow a creative use of, language. The papers will be considered for eventual publication in our journal, Computer Assisted Language Learning. Keith Cameron or Telephone : 0392 264222 /+44 392 264222 Fax : 0392 264377 Please write for further information to : Mrs Daphne Morton, CALL'93 Conference, Department of French, The University, EXETER, EX4 4QH, (UK). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 11:18:08 GMT From: Dr M Sebba Subject: CONFERENCES: SOCIOLINGUISTICS SYMPOSIUM 10 SOCIOLINGUISTICS SYMPOSIUM 10 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, ENGLAND March 23rd - 25th 1994 The next Sociolinguistics Symposium will be held in Lancaster in 1994. The theme for the symposium will be: ------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-903. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-904. Tue 17 Nov 1992. Lines: 120 Subject: 3.904 Names, Spanish Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 11:23:56 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 3.892 Articles in Geographical Names 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 12:32:33 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Articles in place-names 3) Date: Sat, 14 Nov 92 09:55:51 EST From: Michael Newman Subject: Re: 3.894 Queries: Fillmore; Spanish; Chinese TeX Fonts; NLP -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 11:23:56 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 3.892 Articles in Geographical Names In regard to 'The La Brea Tar Pits' meaning 'the the tar tar pits', this reminds me of some Colorado forms I've seen: Table Mesa, i.e. `table table'; Casa del El Dorado (about the best one can do with this is "sic"); and The El Rancho Ranch, i.e., `the the ranch ranch', the last with the same embedding observed in The La Brea Tar Pits. Somewhat comparable to the `hill ...' examples are the various rivers in the central US called things like (the) Niobrara (Neosho, Minnesota, etc.) River, in which Ni (Ne, Minne, etc.) represents the term in the local Siouan language for `water'. Major rivers are general named `the (something) water' in Siouan languages (though there is generally a perfectly good term for river in each language). Similar things occur with river names borrowed from Native American languages, and, of course, (sometimes) from Spanish, cf. "the Rio Grande River," though not, apparently with river names borrowed from French, cf. the Platte River, the Cache-la-Poudre [River? Creek?], etc. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 12:32:33 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Articles in place-names Having missed the early part of this discussion, I may be going over familiar territory; if so I hope the editor will delete this message. Having noticed a while ago that suddenly news readers were talking about "Ukraine" where I had always previously heard "the Ukraine", I asked a question show on a local radio show about the change. While the answer (from an expatriot democratic nationalist) was linguistically inexpert, it is perhaps revealing of how the article in place names is perceived by the non-specialist. This person ignored the issue of what the name is in Ukrainian [I assume that there is no definite article in that language], but concentrated on the "fact" that the article "the" made it sound that Ukraine was a part of something else, and that by dropping the article, the country seemed more independent. I know of no evidence for this viewpoint, but there is a parallel in the Canadian territory formerly known as the Yukon. Recently, news readers have been referring to it as "Yukon" rather than "the Yukon". This parallels recent movements and stirrings in the direction of provincial rather than territorial status. This might be supported by the contention that "the Yukon" is *really* short for "the Yukon territory". In both cases, the popular interpretation seems to be that in the names of states (either nation-states or states as in American states or Canadian provinces), the definite article diminishes the status or independence of the political entity so named. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 14 Nov 92 09:55:51 EST From: Michael Newman Subject: Re: 3.894 Queries: Fillmore; Spanish; Chinese TeX Fonts; NLP Regarding Ron Corio's query on the state of epicene masculines in Spanish, os/as does appear on occasion, but rather infrequently. In Spain, at least, which is the area I'm most familiar with, I noticed it occasionally, along with the singular -o/a. Curiously, the article does not change so a generic student could be something like "EL ALUMNO/A," but I don't remember any EL/LA ALUMNO/A, or EL ALUMNO O LA ALUMNA. (ALUMNO is somewhere between pupil and student in meaning) Additionally, I don't remember seeing EL/LA ESTUDIANTE.(ESTUDIANTE, or STUDENT, being either male or female) The problem is evidently similar to the case of s/he, he/she, she/he, he or she etc. Once is not too bad, it quickly becomes tedious. I was once doing a translation together with an Argentine lesbian. At one point she decided we should translate some of the explicitly bigender terms in the English original to explicitly bigender ones in Spanish becuase, as she put it, it was not a a bad idea to explicitly include women. Unfortunately, it soon became clear that it wasn't going to work: too many slashes and that strange inconsistency of maintaining the masculine article. Since almost every element in the NP is going to have to agree with the bigender head to be consistent, it really is going to be a mess. By the way when I JOKINGINGLY suggested to her and others that the solution would be a massive prescriptive reform in which any gender marked reference item be given a neutral ending like -e or -u, the reaction was always one of horror. They could not even believe I could make a joke like that. I think in the end, the Spanish -o/os, unlike their English equivalents, can be interpreted neutrally. There is ample experimental and observational evidence that the so-called generic HE is not really interpreted neutrally. Some of this literature is interpreted and critiqued in my article, "Pronominal Disagreements" in the current issue of LANGUAGE IN SOCIETY, if you can forgive my shameless self-promotion. (Also send me a message if you'd like more ref- erences or a more complete review) It would be interesting if someone would run the same sort of experiments or did the same sort of corpus analysis I did, on Spanish, French or any other language with an unmarked masculine. Michael Newman -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-904. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-905. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 86 Subject: 3.905 Positions Available Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 20:34:34 EST From: kroch@change.ling.upenn.edu Subject: Postdoctoral positions at the University of Pennsylvania 2) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:14:43 CST From: Gregory K. Iverson Subject: Japanese position at UWM -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 20:34:34 EST From: kroch@change.ling.upenn.edu Subject: Postdoctoral positions at the University of Pennsylvania The Institute for Research in Cognitive Science (IRCS) at the University of Pennsylvania makes available each year several postdoctoral positions in Cognitive Science. The deadline for applications for next fall is March 1, 1993. To apply, please send your resume and a cover letter indicating your proposed research to the address below. Also have two or three referees send letters of reference directly to this address. Mrs. T. Yannuzzi IRCS University of Pennsylvania 400C 3401 Walnut Street Philadelphia, PA 19104-6228 IRCS is an interdisciplinary institute of the Schools of Arts and Sciences and Engineering and Applied Sciences at the University of Pennsylvania, with faculty and graduate students from the Departments of Computer and Information Sciences, Linguistics, Mathematics, Philosophy, and Psychology. The University of Pennsylvania is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:14:43 CST From: Gregory K. Iverson Subject: Japanese position at UWM POSITION ANNOUNCEMENT The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Department of Linguistics invites applications for an anticipated tenure track appointment as Assistant Professor of Japanese to begin in the fall of 1993. Applicants should have the Ph.D. by summer of 1993 and some language instruction experience. Native or near- native proficiency in standard Japanese and English required to teach introductory and intermediate level language courses in an expanding program associated with the UW-Milwaukee and Marquette University joint International Studies Center, a DOE sponsored National Resource Center. Preference given to candidates with formal linguistics training and research interests. UWM is required to release upon request the names of applicants and nominees who do not request confidentiality and the names of all final candidates. Send letter of application, vita, three letters of recommendation and one sample of your research to David D. Buck, Chair, Japanese Search Committee, 290 Holton Hall, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 before March 1, 1993. Tel: 414-229-3961. Women and minority candidates are especially invited to apply: AA/EOE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-905. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-906. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 122 Subject: 3.906 Queries: Cornish, Coronals Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 14:29:04 GMT From: Marion GUNN Subject: Kernowek < Cornish > 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 09:28 PDT From: HSLAPOLLA@TWNAS886.BitNet Subject: cf. 3) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 22:26:42 -0700 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: 'special status' of coronals & sound change? -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 14:29:04 GMT From: Marion GUNN Subject: Kernowek < Cornish > I am organising a small project at the moment which requires a good working knowledge of Cornish (which I do not have, as yet). If any subscriber who knows that smallest of our sister Celtic languages would like to contact MGUNN@IRLEARN with a view to exchanging information over the next few weeks, I'd very much welcome that. Marion Gunn MGUNN@IRLEARN.UCD.IE -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 1992 09:28 PDT From: HSLAPOLLA@TWNAS886.BitNet Subject: cf. Lately I have seen "cf." used in some linguistics publications where it seems the author meant "see" or "see also", rather than "compare", its original latin meaning. Is this becoming an accepted usage, or is it still considered wrong to do so? (By the way, there is a very similar phenomenon going on in Chinese scholarly publications, were in footnotes the word "jian4" is now used for "see", when it originally meant "cited from" (i.e. was seen in).) Randy LaPolla Inst. of History & Philology Academia Sinica -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 22:26:42 -0700 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: 'special status' of coronals & sound change? In recent years there has been some research done demonstrating the 'special status' of coronals, e.g. that the 'unmarked' value for the feature 'coronal' for consonants, or at least obstruents, is cross-linguistically 'plus', or that 'underspecified' consonants tend cross-linguistically to surface as coronals. A lot of the work on this subject is brought together and summa- rized in the book The Special Status of Coronals: Internal and External Evi- dence, edited by Carole Paradis and Jean-Francois Prunet and published last year by Academic Press as part of their new Phonetics and Phonology series. Not being primarily a phonetician or phonologist, i was not aware of this research until Joe Stemberger's recent paper in Language brought it to my attention (and if you're out there reading this, Joe, thanks!). Thus it was with some timidity that, in August of last year (right around the time the Paradis & Prunet vol. was being published) in a paper presented at the Interna- tional Historical Linguistics Conference at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam i suggested that the plural morpheme -t in a lot of Uralic languages (cf. e.g. Finnish) might ultimately be descended from a cluster *-kl, derived from the same source as the plural suffix -kal/-gal common in Dravidian languages. My idea was that, in word-final position, the velar/coronal dissimilarity in the cluster *-kl would be reconciled (neutralized?) in favour of coronality (*-tl), with subsequent loss of the lateral. Now that i've learned there are good theo- retical grounds for believing in the 'special status' of coronals, i'm much more confident about this hypothesis. My question is this: Does anyone know of any other examples of a word- (or stem-)final velar obstruent, with or without a neighbouring coronal segment, being replaced by a coronal obstruent? Hans Henrich Hock has pointed out to me that the opposite change is attested in the development of Italian 'vecchio' /vekkio/ 'old' from Late Latin 'vetlus', Classical Latin 'vetulus', but this isn't in word-final environment so i'm not convinced it's relevant. If you know of any good examples of such a sound change in the history of any linguistic stock please tell me about it. If there's enough interest i'll post a summary of responses in the List, otherwise i'll summarize them in the next version of my paper. Thanks! ------ Dr. Steven Schaufele University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 4088 Foreign Language Building 707 South Mathews Street Urbana, IL 61801 217-344-8240 fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-906. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-907. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 124 Subject: 3.907 Fillmore, Reanalysis Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 10:28:08 -0800 (PST) From: Scott C DeLancey Subject: Re: 3.894 Queries: Fillmore 2) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 15:00:52 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@uunet.UU.NET (John Cowan) Subject: Re: control language 3) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 22:14:03 -0700 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: morphological reanalysis/folk etymology, etc. -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 10:28:08 -0800 (PST) From: Scott C DeLancey Subject: Re: 3.894 Queries: Fillmore Bert Peeters asks: > My impression may be the wrong one, but it seems to me that people usually > discuss either Fillmore's case for case model or his scene-and-frames semantics > but never both at once. Are they totally unrelated? It's true that people who cite Fillmore in reference to case theory often limit their discussion to the model described in "The Case For Case". This is unfortunate, IMHO, since other and later work by Fillmore presents significant improvements on that model. For example, no one should ever casually invoke a notion like "Patient" (which isn't in the CFC model, though people tend to assume it is in some disguise) without citing Fillmore's "The Grammar of Hitting and Breaking", which does a lot to clarify what might or might not be involved in such a category. As for "scene and frames semantics", one link between this and the CFC model is "The Case For Case Reopened". The two models are entirely consistent; while it might be argued that a frame semantics theory doesn't necessarily have to involve a case grammar per se (though this may be a debatable point), any case grammar theory with any semantic content is automatically an example of frame semantics. I don't have ready to hand an apt citation from Fillmore's many papers on the subject(s), but I'm sure that he has explicitly stated more than once that he sees these two lines of research as directly related. Scott DeLancey -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 15:00:52 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@uunet.UU.NET (John Cowan) Subject: Re: control language Since Don Webb has brought in >Star Trek<, I will mention Larry Niven's science-fiction novels >The Integral Trees< and >The Smoke Ring<, set in a future several millennia hence. The language used there appears to be English, but voice-controlled computers are addressed as "Prikazyvat ", said to be a borrowing from Russian. Typical examples: Prikazyvat Menu Prikazyvat Erase Prikazyvat Record Seemingly the idea is that the computers ignore everything until they hear the non-English signal word, and then start parsing. -- John Cowan cowan@snark.thyrsus.com ...!uunet!cbmvax!snark!cowan e'osai ko sarji la lojban. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1992 22:14:03 -0700 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: morphological reanalysis/folk etymology, etc. Recent discussion in the List of such etymologically redundant strings as 'the La Brea Tar Pits' and 'The Los Angeles Angels' reminds me of a fellow i knew in college back in the mid-70's. His name was (still is, as far as i know) Michael, and he was a charismatic/evangelical with a huge chip on his shoulder against organized religion (which created some tension between us, since while he was raised Episcopalian i was in the process of converting to Episcopalia- nism) ; he was also very bright with a good liberal education (he majored in Spanish). He once told me he objected to a song that was currently popular in Roman Catholic circles, whose refrain began: 'Alle, Alle, Alleluia' on the grounds that, contrary to the implication of the song, the first two syllables of '(h)alleluyah' do not form a constituent. (To the extent one can represent the 'correct' morphological analysis of this Hebrew word in linear form, it would be something like hallel + u + yah. The first element, of course, can be further analysed as h-l-l + CaCCeC.) It did no good explaining to him that 'halleluyah' is often used as a quasi-incantatory sequence of 'nonsense' syllables heavily laden with religious connotations, i.e., as a mantra. To Michael, this was merely symptomatic of the sort of covert paganism with which Catholocism, in his opinion, is riddled. Michael's religion has very little room for right-brain functions. Which is especially odd given his participation in glossalalia. ------ Dr. Steven Schaufele University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 4088 Foreign Language Building 707 South Mathews Street Urbana, IL 61801 217-344-8240 fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-907. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-908. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 113 Subject: 3.908 Placenames Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 11:40:35 EST From: "Ellen F. Prince" Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish 2) Date: 17 Nov 92 13:41 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Articles in geographical names 3) Date: 17 Nov 1992 15:21:20 -0800 (PST) From: Thomas E Payne Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish 4) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:52:05 GMT From: "J.J.Higgins - Education" Subject: Re: 3.904 Names -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 11:40:35 EST From: "Ellen F. Prince" Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish for Ian MacKay : i'm not ukrainian, much less a ukrainian nationalist, but from my understanding the switch to article-less _ukraine_ is not so stupid as you might think. the crucial fact, which you didn't mention in your post, is that the word /ukrayna/ *means* 'border'. with the article, the noun itself has the syntax and therefore perhaps sense of a common noun, which evokes a russian point of view--it's the border from the point of view of russia, after all, not of (the) ukraine! without an article, it becomes more like a 'sense-lacking' proper name. the fact that ukrainian lacks articles simply means that, in ukrainian, it's ambiguous between an np containing a common noun and an np consisting of a simple proper noun. (there may actually be subtle syntactic/morphological differences between the two--i don't know.) of course, i have no idea what _yukon_ means, but, if it doesn't mean 'border' or something similar, the analogy doesn't quite hold. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 17 Nov 92 13:41 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Articles in geographical names Two or three years ago I became aware of an interesting and apparently rather abrupt language change which relates to articles in geographi- cal names -- in this case, the names for freeways in Southern Califor- nia. Most of the freeways in metropolitan L.A. have both names (the Hollywood Freeway, the Santa Monica Freeway) and highway numbers, from either the interstate or the old federal highway system (I-5, 101, etc.). When I was living in California, when we used numbers to refer to the freeways they were bare: "Follow 5 until you get to 101." This was still the case in 1975 when I left California to move east. In the mid- to late 80s three of my kids returned to (three different places in) California to go to college. After they had been there for a while, I was struck when visiting them by the fact that they all use "the" with the numerical names of the freeways -- the 5, the 101. Apparently this change is widespread; my mother, who is 80 years old and has lived continuously in California for over 40 years, now does the same. Have any of our California colleagues noted the source, diffusion pattern, and time course of this change? Paul Chapin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 17 Nov 1992 15:21:20 -0800 (PST) From: Thomas E Payne Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish In response to Ian Mackay, Yes, in English 'the' in front of a place name definitely is associated with colonial names. Some examples that readily come to mind: The Cameroons, The Philippines (from the Philippine Islands, which is the colonial term), the West Indies, etc. Tom Payne, University of Oregon -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:52:05 GMT From: "J.J.Higgins - Education" Subject: Re: 3.904 Names There must be many examples of the local word for river being misunderstood as the name of a particular river by visiting geographers. There are numerous River Avons in England. One other case is the Chao Phraya River which runs through Bangkok; on some old maps this appears as the Menam, mae nam being the Thai for river. John Higgins, J.Higgins@UK.AC.BRISTOL -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-908. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-909. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 64 Subject: 3.909 Call For Papers Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:26:33 GMT From: Dr M Sebba Subject: Sociolinguistic Symposium 10 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 15:26:33 GMT From: Dr M Sebba Subject: Sociolinguistic Symposium 10 SOCIOLINGUISTICS SYMPOSIUM 10 LANCASTER UNIVERSITY, ENGLAND March 23rd - 25th 1994 The next Sociolinguistics Symposium will be held in Lancaster in 1994. The theme for the symposium will be: "DISCOURSE: PRACTICES AND IDENTITIES Keynote Speakers: Peter Auer Charles Ferguson Shirley Brice Heath You are invited to submit abstracts on topics related to this general theme or to other sociolinguistic themes. Workshops will be organised around specific topics if there is sufficient interest. Proposals for workshops will also be welcome. The deadline for submission of abstracts is June 15th 1993. For further information or to submit an abstract please contact Mark Sebba (Tel. 0524-592453; e-mail:m.sebba@uk.ac.lancaster.central1); or Marilyn Martin-Jones (Tel. 0524-593037; e-mail: m.martin-jones@uk.ac.lancaster.central1) Department of Linguistics, Lancaster University: Lancaster LA1 4YT, England. Fax: 0524-843085. Main office telephone: 0524-593034 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-909. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-910. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 52 Subject: 3.910 History of English Course Prerequisites Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 15:55:23 EST From: Kathleen W Ferrara Subject: History of English Course Prerequisites -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 15:55:23 EST From: Kathleen W Ferrara Subject: History of English Course Prerequisites I need information on whether prerequisites (such as Intro to Linguistics) are required for the History of English course at various universities. I'd be gratefulful to anyone who could provide information to me on this topic. My institution is trying to establish a prerequisite course in the Study of Language prior to History of Language and would like to hear how your department handles this issue. Name of University: Name of Dept.: Name of Course: (History of English) Course Number (for History of English) Prerequisites for Course: (Give Name and Course Number) Also, answer the following questions: Are you satisfied with the present arrangement of a course requirement for this course? Why or why not? Comment especially if there is no course requirement. Are any members of your dept. contemplating or in the process of requiring a prerequisite for this course? Other comments on the teaching/staffing of this course: -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-910. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-911. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 105 Subject: 3.911 Calls for Papers: East Asian, African Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 15:45 EST From: MMCCASKEY@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: Call for Papers: East Asian Software Symposium 2) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 11:11:59 EST From: David_Odden@osu.edu Subject: Re: 3.909 Call For Papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 15:45 EST From: MMCCASKEY@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: Call for Papers: East Asian Software Symposium GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY EAST ASIAN SOFTWARE SYMPOSIUM 1993 FIRST CALL FOR PARTICIPANTS As part of the Georgetown University Round Table on Language and Linguistics, there will be a day-long Presession on Tuesday, March 9, 1993, devoted to software for East Asian Languages. You are invited to submit proposals for participation in the following areas. 1 Demonstrations of East Asian Language software you have developed or are currently developing. 2 Reports on new ways of using existing East Asian Language software applications for special purposes, particularly for teaching. 3 Papers on various aspects of East Asian Language software, especially software that you may be planning to develop, are developing but are not yet ready to demonstrate, or would like to see developed. 4 Panels on particular problems or issues related to special uses of existing East Asian Language software or development of new software. 5 Interest groups with the focus on software in one particular East Asian Language. We welcome participation by anyone working with any language of Northeast or Southeast Asia. Those working with languages of Central or South Asia who also may be interested in participating are also invited to apply. Proposals should be no longer than two pages. They should include the qualifications of the proposed presenter(s), the special significance of the presentation in relation to the field involved, and an outline or summary of the proposed presentation. They should also indicate what equipment, if any, may be needed for the presentation. Proposals should be submitted by January 31, but early submission is encouraged. Please send email submissions to "MMCCASKEY@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu". Surface mail submissions should be sent to Michael McCaskey and Patricia O'Neill, Coordinators, East Asian Software Symposium, Department of Chinese and Japanese, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057-1042. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 11:11:59 EST From: David_Odden@osu.edu Subject: Re: 3.909 Call For Papers Could you post the following? Thanks CALL FOR PAPERS 24TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON AFRICAN LINGUISTICS, July 23-25 1992 sponsored by The Department of Linguistics, the Center for African Studies and the College of Humanities, Ohio State University We invite abstracts for 20 minute papers on all areas relating to African linguistics. Camera-ready abstracts fitting within 3 in X 6 in (7.75cm X 15.25 cm) should be received by May 1, 1993. For further information contact: David Odden 24th ACAL Department of Linguistics Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 USA (email david_odden@osu.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-911. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-912. Wed 18 Nov 1992. Lines: 121 Subject: 3.912 Jobs: Phonology; Hebrew Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 15:51:43 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Job posting 2) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 17:43:15 EST From: bro@elm.circa.ufl.edu (John Bro) Subject: Job: Hebrew Linguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 15:51:43 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Job posting The Yale University Department of Linguistics invites applications for an anticipated position as assistant professor in the area of phonological theory. The candidate selected will be appointed to a three-year term beginning in the academic year 1993-94. Candidates should possess a Ph.D. degree in linguistics and should be prepared to teach introductory courses in linguistics as well as graduate and undergraduate courses in phonology. Preference will be given to applicants with demonstrable teaching skills and with a strong research background in non-Indo-European languages and/or in the interaction of phonology with other areas (morphology, syntax, computational linguistics, etc.). Please forward letters of application, vitas, representative publications, and three or more letters of recommendation by February 14, 1993 to: Phonology Search Committee Department of Linguistics Yale University P.O. Box 1504A Yale Station New Haven, CT 06520 Further details on the position can be obtained through the department chair (me) at the above address or at the e-mail address below. I will be interviewing candidates for this position at the LSA, probably along with Louis Goldstein (Adjunct Associate Professor of Linguistics and Psychology). Please let me know if you will be attending the conference. Recommendation letters can be sent to either the snail mail or e-mail address; at least one letter should discuss the applicant's teaching experience. Yale University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. Women and minority group members are especially encouraged to apply. Larry Horn, LHORN@YALEVM.bitnet -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 17:43:15 EST From: bro@elm.circa.ufl.edu (John Bro) Subject: Job: Hebrew Linguistics The UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA Dept. of AFRICAN & ASIAN LANGUAGES announces a job opening for 1993 in: HEBREW LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS Assistant Professor (tenure track) Minimum requirements: 1. PhD (Linguistics) - in hand at time of application, or concrete evidence that it will be at time of appointment. 2. Native or near native fluency in modern Hebrew 3. Interest in teaching Hebrew at all levels essential, and experience desirable. Effective: August of 1993. Salary: $30-35K Deadline (postmarked): JANUARY 15, 1993. Address inquiries to: Chair, Hebrew Search Dept. of African & Asian Languages & Literatures 470 Grinter Hall University of Florida Gainesville, FL 32611-2037 tel (904) 392-4829 fax (904) 392-1443 The Dept. of African and Asian Languages and Literatures has been authorized to undertake a search at the Assistant Professor level (tenure track) for an individual whose Ph.D. is in Linguistics with a concentration on Hebrew language. The position will become effective in August 1993. The salary range is $30,000 minimum to $35,000 maximum. The exact figure wil be negotiated on the basis of the selected candidate's qualifications and the university's budgetary constraints at the time. The selected individual will be a budgeted member of our department but will be expected to participate in an affiliate capacity in the instructional, research and extra-curricular activities of the Program in Linguistics (PIL) and the Center for Jewish Studies (CJS) Both programs are well developed at UF with good library collections. CJS is particularly noted for its Judaica (Price) collection. Program information will be sent to all prospective applicants upon request. The University of Florida is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. The Search Committee, on behalf of the Department, the College, and the University at large, would like to encourage and is eager to receive application from qualified women and minorities who meet the eligibility requirements. Applicants who complete their application files by December 1 or January 1 may be asked to appear for a preliminary interview at the BJS or LSA conferences respectively. A complete application file must include: 1) a cover letter by the applicant, 2) a curriculum vitae, 3) 3 to 5 letters of evaluation sent directly to the above address, and 4) a copy of the dissertation for recent Ph.D.'s, or copies of relevant publications for others. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-912. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-913. Fri 20 Nov 1992. Lines: 139 Subject: 3.913 Queries: Software, Hangul Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 20:55 EST From: JAYMERICH@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: Query about CALIS 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 7:29:10 EST From: salmons@mace.cc.purdue.edu (Joseph C. Salmons) Subject: Query 3) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 15:28:57 +1300 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz Subject: Query: diacritics 4) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 10:05:26 EST From: sai@cunyvms1.gc.cuny.edu Subject: Cyrillic character software 5) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 23:01:52 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Hangul Day -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 20:55 EST From: JAYMERICH@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: Query about CALIS I am interested in CALIS, a computer assisted instruction program for Italian. I believe it is a public domain program, and that it is distributed by Duke University. Does anyone know how to get this program? Is it available to individuals, or academic institutions, ...? Any hints will be appreciated. Please, reply directly to me. Thanks in advance. Julia Aymerich. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 7:29:10 EST From: salmons@mace.cc.purdue.edu (Joseph C. Salmons) Subject: Query I'm looking for instances where native speakers have indicated subphonemic distinctions orthographically. It has been claimed that Old High German scribes sometimes indicated allophonic variation. Is there any support for this kind of thing from other languages/writing traditions? Thanks. Joe Salmons salmons@mace.cc.purdue.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 15:28:57 +1300 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz Subject: Query: diacritics I have been approached and asked whether there is any published reference list of diacritics for the languages of the world: what do they look like, what do they mean, what languages are they used in, etc. etc. I guess a sort of Pullum and Ladusaw of diacritics in normal orthographies. Does anyone know of anything at all? Replies to me, please. If there is interest, I can summarise for the list. Thank you. Laurie Bauer BauerL@matai.vuw.ac.nz Wellington, New Zealand -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 1992 10:05:26 EST From: sai@cunyvms1.gc.cuny.edu Subject: Cyrillic character software I am looking for a vendor who sells software for PC-Windows which converts English standard key board to Russian Cyrillic characters. I have tried Russian program sold by Diplomat Software, but found that it does not work with somw applications in Windows. If you know of other software, please respond directly to me at SAI@CUNYVMS1.GC.CUNY.EDU. I would appreciate the name and address and some indication of your success with the product. Irina Sekerina. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 23:01:52 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Hangul Day Martin Haspelmath recently posted a suggestion that we recognize Hangul Day, the holiday in honour of the Korean alphabet, as an 'International Holiday' for linguists. I wish to register complete agreement with this proposal, but i have a question on implementation: Martin's posting identifies Hangul Day as Oct. 9. My question is, Is it ALWAYS Oct. 9? I would be very much surprised to learn that the Koreans, in addition to coming up with the world's first truly scientific alphabet, have been observing the Gregorian calendar since the 15th century. Perhaps the Koreans have adapted their holiday schedule to the Gregorian calendar. Or perhaps it's still controlled by a (partially?) lunar calendar, in which case Hangul Day will migrate somewhat from year to year in relation to the (strictly solar) Gregorian calendar, rather as does the Jewish New Year (which occurs around the same time). I could probably find the answer to this question for myself among the large Korean population here at the University of Illinois, but if we international linguists are going to do anything with Martin's proposal i think the List should address the issue. If we're going to adopt a Korean national holiday, let's let our Korean and Koreanist colleagues tell us more about it! ------ Dr. Steven Schaufele University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 4088 Foreign Languages Building 707 S. Mathews Street Urbana, IL 61801 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-913. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-914. Fri 20 Nov 1992. Lines: 281 Subject: 3.914 Articles and Placenames Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 17:40:01 +0100 From: Dan Slobin Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames 2) Date: 18 Nov 1992 09:27:36 -0800 (PST) From: Thomas E Payne Subject: "The" and colonial status 3) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 20:38 GMT From: CPIERA@ccuam3.sdi.uam.es Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish 4) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 14:58:55 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames 5) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 14:38:54 CST From: ward@pico.ling.nwu.edu (Gregory Ward) Subject: LA freeway nomenclature 6) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 15:07:18 PST From: "Don W." Subject: 'The' 5 7) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 16:37 PST From: Melody Sutton Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames 8) Date: 18 Nov 1992 20:31:10 EST From: Robert Beard Subject: Ukraina 9) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 08:22:01 -0500 From: "Michael A. Erickson" Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames 10) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 07:30:29 EST From: JDINGLEY@VM1.YorkU.CA Subject: Articles in placenames -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 17:40:01 +0100 From: Dan Slobin Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames Paul Chapin notes a recent change in Southern California freeways ("the 101"). The same freeway runs through San Francisco, but I've never heard "the 101" up North (though we also have models with names and articles, such as "the Nimitz Freeway," (or "the Nimitz"), and also street names with articles ("the Arlington," "the Alameda"--in Berkeley). It will be interesting to see if the pattern spreads (has spread?) north. Dan Slobin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 18 Nov 1992 09:27:36 -0800 (PST) From: Thomas E Payne Subject: "The" and colonial status I don't know if there is an either\or answer to the question of why "the" is associated with colonial places, at least in my mind. It may be, as you suggest, just coincidence that so many places that were once colonies (such as "the" United States of America) happened to be referred to in the plural and therefore tend to take the article. But even if this is a coincidence, its frequency has, I believe, led to an "association" (i.e. a form-meaning relationship) between place names that take the article and colonial status. My native speaker intuitions attest to this, at least for my own idiolect, but if that's not sufficient there certainly are examples of nations that have dropped "the" from their English names when they became independent countries, whereas I don't think there are any that *added* "the". Certainly there are some that kept "the", but these neither support nor refute the claim. As for "the" being inherently associated with colonialism, I wouldn't make that strong a claim. However, there may be something to it. Plural nouns are less individuated than singular nouns, so there may be a tendency for "the colonies", being less individually significant to the people who remain at home in the colonizing nations, tend to be referred to in the plural, quite apart from the obvious tendency to treat groups of islands, etc., as plural. (Sorry about the bad syntax in the previous sentence). Some possible examples of this tendency are expressions like "the ends of the earth", "the far reaches" "the nations", "the arctic wastes", etc. Treating these places in the plural reflects their lack of individual definition, something that could conceiv- ably haveen transferred to colonies and other relatively undifferentiated places "out there somewhere". This is just speculation, not a claim. I would claim, though, that whatever its etymology there is a contemporary form- meaning relationship ("association") between "the" plus place name, and colonial status. Tom Payne -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 20:38 GMT From: CPIERA@ccuam3.sdi.uam.es Subject: Re: 3.904 Names, Spanish Just to point out that el/la estudiante is so common as to be pretty close to the norm in politically correct Spanish circles -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 14:58:55 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames Re Paul Chapin's observation about a diachronic shift in referring practice vis-a-vis Southern California freeways: I don't know what the current situation is (I guess we can all, or many, check it out in early January!), but my memory of past practice is somewhat different. As I recall, "the 605 Freeway", or "the 605" for short, which at the time didn't have a non-numeric label (or at least not one that was ever used), always was so designated, while the ones with names AND numbers never got an article when you used the numeric type of reference. That is, the San Diego Freeway and the Hollywood Freeway were generally so-called, and if you HAD to use their numbers, they were just 5 (or I-5) and 101, never 'the 5', etc. Essentially, then, the standard names were always "the X Freeway". Larry Horn -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 14:38:54 CST From: ward@pico.ling.nwu.edu (Gregory Ward) Subject: LA freeway nomenclature As a native Los Angeleno, I can attest to the change in freeway nomenclature that Paul Chapin referred to in a recent posting. In the late sixties and early seventies at least, most people in LA referred to freeways by their names and virtually never by their numbers. (I remember finding it odd when I moved to Philadelphia and no one could tell me what I-95's `name' was.) In fact, I distinctly remember the first exception to this pattern: when I-605 opened (early seventies?) it was referred to as "The 605 Freeway", which sounded quite odd to me at the time (and still does). Later, I learned its `real' name was "The San Gabriel River Valley Freeway" or something equally prolix. Now, every time I visit LA and listen to traffic reports while stuck in it (#), I'm always amazed at how widespread this pattern has become. Gregory Ward (ward@pico.ling.nwu.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 1992 15:07:18 PST From: "Don W." Subject: 'The' 5 Re Paul Chapin's observation about "the" 5, "the" 101: it sounds like a trendy Los Angelesism to me. Here in Sacramento, I'd say "If you want to bypass the rush-hour traffic, take 50 to I-5 north and then take I-80 east." I've yet to hear "the 50," but then maybe it's already on its way up "the 5." Or perhaps it's the influence of our French classes, where one would say "la 50," "la 80." More likely, it's the first step in completing the trade I've arranged with Canada: Southern California in exchange for Quebec, with an additional state or province to be named later. Don W. (DonWebb@CSUS.EDU) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 16:37 PST From: Melody Sutton Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames It is certainly true that Southern Californians use the definite article when referring to freeways ("the 405"). This doesn't seem to be the case in Northern California, however - at least with my relatives in the San Jose area. They think it is strange to use the definite article, as I think it is strange not to. My husband, a recent "immigrant" from N. to S. California actually seems to use "the" for S. Cal. freeways but not for the ones up north. Melody Sutton UCLA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8) Date: 18 Nov 1992 20:31:10 EST From: Robert Beard Subject: Ukraina A point of clarification on the name _Ukraine_. The Russian name for Ukraine is _Malorossija_, Maloros(s), or Malorus "Little Russia" or "Russia Minor". The Ukrainian term _Ukraina_ apparently comes from the phrase _u kraj_ "to the periphery/edge/border". The term seems to have originated with the cossacks, Russian peasants who fled serfdom in the 14th-15th centuries "to the periphery" of the country, the safest place for peasants who wished to maintain their freedom. The territory at this time was owned first by the Lithuanians, then by the Poles, who simply filled the vacuum left by the retreating hordes of Genghis Khan. The point is that at the time the term arose, there was no Ukraine; the territory had been illegally taken from the nation Rus', whose capital was perforce removed from Kiev to Moscow. I don't see how the facts helps in understanding the use or nonuse of "the" in the English rendition. --RBeard Robert Beard, rbeard@bucknell.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 08:22:01 -0500 From: "Michael A. Erickson" Subject: Re: 3.908 Placenames In reference to pchapin@nsf.gov's note about articles and freeways: Northern and Southern California are different in this respect (as far as I know). In Northern CA, 280, 580, and 17, are all article-less. 101 can be either 101 or The 101 or The Bayshore. 880 can be The Nimitz, but it cannot be The 880 (though I heard a colleague of mine from LA call it that). By the way, in the Bay Area, San Francisco is referred to as "The City". Is this the case in other metropolitan areas? \MaE Michael A. Erickson miericks@indiana.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 07:30:29 EST From: JDINGLEY@VM1.YorkU.CA Subject: Articles in place names: I grew up in England saying exclusively: THE Lebanon, THE Gambia, THE Argentine, THE Sudan, THE Ukraine, and others. In no way did I perceive these countries as anything other than fully-fledged countries. Indeed just the opposite. To me they gained in stature by having the article in front. However, for whatever reason (possibly by moving to N America) I have now lost the article in all of these place names, save for THE Ukraine -- but even here "Ukraine" no longer jars on the ear. (For THE Argentine, I now say Argentina.) By the way, Jespersen in his monumental MODERN ENGLISH GRAMMAR (v.7, pp. 549-550) suggests the following reasons for the occurrence of the article: 1) foreign influence, e.g. the Caucasus, the Crimea, the Punjab, 2) ellipsis, e.g. the Argentine (republic), the Transvaal (republic), and 3) from river names, e.g. the Congo, the Klondike. A similar phenomenon is observable in German. Formerly, im Libanon, im Sudan, im Irak were the norm, whereas today in Libanon, in Sudan, in Irak can also be heard. (See DUDEN 9, l972, pp.291-292 for further details.) John Dingley -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-914. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-915. Fri 20 Nov 1992. Lines: 59 Subject: 3.915 Software Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 12:21:10 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Grammar checkers 2) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 11:45:51 CST From: Michael Earl Darnell Subject: Re: 3.880 Review: Adobe Typemanager -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 16 Nov 92 12:21:10 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Grammar checkers I noticed in a recent posting concerning computer translation aids that so-called "grammar checkers" such as Grammatik Mac (which runs on the Macintosh) were mentioned. The uninitiated should know that "grammar checkers" in general are very superficial devices. One that I used (a few times, then gave it up as a waste of time) checks for passive forms by finding every word that looks like a past participle and then stating, "This may be a passive construction. You may wish to rephrase this." This is not very helpful. Indeed, a recent issue of Macworld magazine, in its "Turkey Shoot" feature on egregious problems with software and hardware, mentioned that two commercial English-language grammar checkers, when fed entire documents in French or Spanish, found no errors, and one even produced a (totally spurious) readability index, and an interest index. Ian MacKay (imackay@acadvm1.uottawa.ca) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 17 Nov 92 11:45:51 CST From: Michael Earl Darnell Subject: Re: 3.880 Review: Adobe Typemanager Just a quick, and belated, remark on Adobe Type Manager and Stone Phonetic Fonts. The version I have has one major problem if you are going to work on languages which are morphologically complex. The Stone Phonetic IPA does NOT have a dash "-" so one must switch between fonts quite a bit. The fonts look great when printed, but the lack of a dask can create some problems Mike Darnell -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-915. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-916. Sat 21 Nov 1992. Lines: 299 Subject: 3.916 Jobs: Phonetics; Applied Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 14:31 GMT From: ANNA MORPURGO DAVIES Subject: Oxford: Phonetics 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 13:25:16 EST From: dgn612@cscgpo.anu.edu.au (David G Nash) Subject: Australian National U.: ESL/Applied -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 14:31 GMT From: ANNA MORPURGO DAVIES Subject: Oxford: Phonetics University of Oxford (England) The University proposes to appoint a University Lecturer in Phonetics from 1 October 1993. The successful applicant will also be the Director of the Phonetics Laboratory which fulfils both teaching and research functions. The lecturer will be expected to teach at undergraduate and graduate level and to supervise research students in phonetics who make use of the laboratory facilities. The holder of the post may be offered a fellowship at Wolfson College. Stipend according to age on the scale L. 13,400-26,407 (pounds sterling) per annum. Applications (eight typed copies, one from overseas) including a curriculum vitae, a list of publications and the names of three referees should be sent to Mrs. E. J. Smith, University Offices, Wellington Square, Oxford OX1 2JD (telephone +44-865- 270137; Fax +44-865-270708) to arrive by Monday January 4, 1993. On request Mrs Smith will also provide a printed sheet of further details about the post. Short-listed candidates will be interviewed in Oxford, possibly at short notice. They should make sure that the application provides sufficient information (telephone number, e-mail or fax address) for quick communication. Please quote in your application ref.: p/1911. The University is an equal opportunity employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 13:25:16 EST From: dgn612@cscgpo.anu.edu.au (David G Nash) Subject: Australian National U.: ESL/Applied ESL / APPLIED LINGUISTICS LECTURER (ACADEMIC LEVEL B) NON-CONTINUING Applications are sought for a person whose primary duty will be to devise and teach first-year units on Academic English for students of non-English speaking background, and who can also assist the university's graduate program in Applied Linguistics. The position will be based in the Department of Linguistics, Faculty of Arts . Applicants must have postgraduate qualifications in ESL / EFL, and postgraduate training in relevant areas of Applied Linguistics. Experience in teaching English to non-native speakers is essential, and experience in teaching English for Academic Purposes, preferably in a university setting, is highly desirable. Some background in general linguistics is desirable. The position is available from the beginning of 1993 for three years. Further particulars and selection criteria are available from the Secretary (06) 249 4566. Enquiries: Dr H.J. Koch, Head, Department of Linguistics, telephone +61-6-249 3026, fax +61-6-249 3252, email: admnling@fac.anu.edu.au. Closing date: 30 November 1992. Ref: FA 4.11.1 Salary: $41,000 - $48,688 p.a. Applications Applications should include curriculum vitae and a list of publications. Applications should quote the reference number, include names and addresses of at least three referees and be addressed to: The Secretary The Australian National University GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601 Assessment will be against the selection criteria. Applicants are advised to obtain a copy of the selection documentation and to frame their application accordingly. All selection documentation is available from the relevant contact officer. THE UNIVERSITY OF AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER The University's EEO Policy forms part of the selection documentation. The University provides a smoke-free work environment. THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Faculty of Arts ESL / APPLIED LINGUISTICS LECTURER 3 year term) (ACADEMIC LEVEL B) NON-CONTINUING FURTHER PARTICULARS Applications are sought for a person whose primary duty will be to devise and teach first-year units on Academic English for students of non-English speaking background, and who can also assist the university's graduate program in Applied Linguistics.The position will be based in the Department of Linguistics, Arts Faculty. Applicants must have postgraduate qualifications in ESL / EFL, and postgraduate training in relevant areas of Applied Linguistics. Experience in teaching English to non-native speakers is essential, and experience in teaching English for Academic Purposes, preferably in a university setting, is highly desirable. Some background in general linguistics is desirable. The units "English in Academic Contexts" and "Advanced English in Academic Contexts" will be taught for the first time in 1993, and are available for credit in various bachelor's degrees. Students enrolling in these units will have passed English tests to a sufficiently high degree to be gain university admission. The Department of Linguistics The Department of Linguistics offers a full undergraduate (including honours) program in Linguistics. In addition it participates in the university's graduate program in Linguistics, which offers Graduate Diplomas in General and Applied Linguistics, a Master of Letters in Applied Linguistics, Master of Arts (by research only or by coursework and research), and PhD. The graduate program has some 50 students. The department hopes to develop a unit in TESOL to be offered from 1994. The ESL lecturer would be expected to participate in the planning and teaching of such a unit. The teaching staff and their main research interests are: Dr Harold Koch : Historical-comparative, Australian linguistics, Indo-European Professor Anna Wierzbicka : Semantics, pragmatics, cross-cultural communication Dr Karl Rensch : Dialectology, Polynesian languages, Romance linguistics Dr Tim Shopen : Syntactic typology, applied linguistics, child language acquisition Dr Avery Andrews : Syntactic and morphological theory, generative grammar Dr Ulrike Mosel : Grammatical typology, Samoan, sociolinguistics, pidgins and creoles Dr Phil Rose : Phonetics, phonology, tone, Chinese linguistics Dr Cynthia Allen : Historical linguistics, English syntax Professor R.M.W. Dixon : Australian descriptive and comparative linguistics, syntactic typology, English syntax, Fijian, Amazonian languages Dr Anthony Liddicoat : Applied Linguistics, Discourse analysis, Language policy, bilingualism, French linguistics The Department includes further research-only staff working on Australian Aboriginal languages. The Department belongs to the Faculty of Arts, where the following languages are taught: French, Italian, German, Russian, Latin, Greek. The Department is also associated with the Faculty of Asian Studies, which teaches Japanese, Chinese, Korean, Bahasa Indonesian and Malay, Vietnamese, Thai, Sanskrit, Hindi and Arabic. The University has strong departments of Anthropology, Sociology, Psychology and Philosophy. A sister Department of Linguistics in the University's Research School of Pacific Studies has a staff of four academics, who pursue research on Pacific languages. Applied Linguistics programs exist in the Asian Studies Faculty (especially for Japanese). The university hopes to expand its graduate programs in applied linguistics in the next few years, drawing on expertise form the departments of Linguistics and Modern European Languages and the Faculty of Asian Studies. The Faculties The Australian National University has five teaching faculties: Arts, Asian Studies, Science, Economics and Commerce, and Law. The Arts Faculty is organised into 12 departments and offers undergraduate and postgraduate degrees with specialisation in traditional disciplines and a variety of cross-disciplinary fields. The position is available from the beginning of 1993 for three years. Closing date: 30 November 1992 Ref. No. FA 4.11.1 Salary: Lecturer: $41,000 - $48,688 p.a. Applications should be submitted in duplicate to the Secretary, the Australian National University, GPO Box 4, Canberra ACT 2601, quoting reference number and including curriculum vitae, list of publications and names of at least three referees.Further information is available from the Secretary, Telephone (06) 249 4566, Fax (06) 2495011.The University has a "no-smoking" policy in all university buildings and vehicles. THE UNIVERSITY IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY EMPLOYER THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY Faculty of Arts Lecturer (3 year term) ESL / Applied Linguistics (Academic Level B) Selection criteria: Essential: Post-graduate education in relevant areas of applied linguistics Essential: A post-graduate qualification in ESL / EFL Essential: Ability to communicate effectively with students Essential: Experience in teaching English to non-native speakers Highly Desirable: Experience in teaching English for Academic Purposes Highly Desirable: Experience in teaching in a university setting Highly Desirable: Research achievements in relevant areas of applied linguistics Desirable: Training in general linguistics Desirable: Competence in a language other than English Duty Statement: To be responsible for the teaching of tertiary coursework units on academic English for (international and Australian) students of non-English-speaking background, including design of the syllabus, lecturing, examination, and direction of tutorial work. To pursue research in relevant areas of applied linguistics. To be involved in the supervision of theses in applied linguistics. To contribute to the further development of the university's program in applied linguistics, which could include units in TESOL, language testing, discourse analysis, etc. English in Academic Contexts (ENGA1001) (1 point) First Semester 2 lectures and 2 tutorials per week Lecturer: TBA Prerequisites: This unit is available only to students whose native language is not English. Students eligible to enrol are: (1) Internatint in Australia who were required to present an English language score for admission; (3) Students who took an ESL unit in Year 11 or 12 in Australia; (4) Other students may enrol only with the written permission of the convenor. in Year 11 or 12 in Australia; (4) Other students may enrol only with the written permission of the convenor. Syllabus: The aim of this unit is to help students whose native language is not English to enhance their skills in using English effectively in their university study. The of this unit is to help students whose native language is not English to enhance their skills in using English effectively in their university study. The unit will discuss the function, structure, and genres of written and spoken academic discourse in English. Through lectures, tutorials and practical assignments it will extend their skills in recognising, analysing, criticising, and evaluating arguments in written texts (books, journals) and in spoken discourse (lectures). It will give practice in the production of reasoned arguments in written form (essays, research reports).ten work, and final examination. Advanced English in Academic Contexts (ENGA1002) (1 point) Second Semester 2 lectures and 2 tutorials per week Lecturer: TBA Prerequisites: This unit is available only to students whose native language is not English. Students who have not completed English in Academic Contexts (ENGA1001), or who do not belong to one of categories 1, 2, or 3 listed under ENGA1001, require the written permission of tavailable only to students whose native language is not English. Students who have not completed English in Academic Contexts (ENGA1001), or who do not belong to one of categories 1, 2, or 3 listed under ENGA1001, require the written permission of the Convenor. A placement test may be applied. in ENGA1001. Textbook: Required readings will be available for purchase from the Linguistics Department. Assessment: By regular assignments, an extended piece of written work, and final examination. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-916. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-917. Sat 21 Nov 1992. Lines: 45 Subject: 3.917 Greenberg, Classification and Historical Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 13:50:01 PST From: STEVEROY@IDUI1.CSRV.UIDAHO.EDU Subject:Greenberg, Ruhlen, & historical linguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 18 Nov 92 13:50:01 PST From: STEVEROY@IDUI1.CSRV.UIDAHO.EDU Subject:Greenberg, Ruhlen, & historical linguistics I have a naive question about the Greenberg & Ruhlen _Scientific American_ article. Presumably if the languages named were historically related in the way G&R there should be sound correspondences comparable to those implied implied among the the cognates and reconstructed *T'ANA. I gather that such correspondences haven't been demonstrated, thus the controversy. In the absence of such correspondences, G&R's claim would seem to imply that "basic vocabulary" is somehow more resistant to regular sound changes that over the very long time have obscured the historical relationships than other words are. Is there any evidence of such a special status for basic vocabulary? By the way people interested in such word-based historical arguments might enjoy John Philip Cohane's _The Key_ (1969), Crown Press. Cohane posits a prehistoric, world wide dispersion of Semitic words based on six morphemes recurring in placenames and mythologies around the world. At much higher than chance probability, he said. His book contains pictures of many of the same items pictured in Erik von Danikan's (spelling??) _Chariots of the Gods_. About equally fun to read. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-917. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-918. Sat 21 Nov 1992. Lines: 283 Subject: 3.918 Articles and Names Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 09:40 EST From: MORGAN@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 14:33 From: BLACKWELLSA@vax1.bham.ac.uk Subject: articles in place names 3) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:11:43 EST From: Ron Smyth Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames 4) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:22:53 -0500 From: jrunner@titan.ucc.umass.edu (Jeff Runner) Subject: "The" City 5) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 08:40:14 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames 6) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 14:16:39 EST From: Lynda M. Milne Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames 7) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 12:31:53 -0800 From: jkaplan@sciences.sdsu.edu Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames 8) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 15:44 EST From: ALICE FABER Subject: THE City 9) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 17:05:16 -0600 From: Paul Saka Subject: RE 3.914 Placenames 10) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 17:57:43 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Articles with highway numbers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 09:40 EST From: MORGAN@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames In the original posting-- and John Dingley's most recent one-- I was struck by the number of "colonial names" with articles in English that come from French. Could that be the historical reason in English, anyway? (Since countries are normally referred to with the article when subjects in French.) Leslie Morgan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 14:33 From: BLACKWELLSA@vax1.bham.ac.uk Subject: articles in place names I agree with the contributors who feel that the definite article has colonial overtones. To shift the debate to another continent, consider India: "The Punjab" immediately suggests the days of the Raj, and every Punjabi I know (i.e. not just Khalistani secessionists!) says "I come from Punjab". But then, Punjabi doesn't have articles either, definite or indefinite ... Sue Blackwell School of English University of Birmingham, U.K. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:11:43 EST From: Ron Smyth Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames In 1970 the twin cities of Fort William and Port Arthur Ontario were almalgamated into Thunder Bay. The cities were known collectively as "The Lakehead", and although the motivation for this name was never clear to me, it seems to mean that they are located at the 'head' (top?) of the Great Lakes. At any rate, it was convenient to have a collective name for the two cities, so that one could say "I'm going to the Lakehead" instead of "I'm going to the Fort William - Port Arthur region". The amalgamation was an unpopular move on the part of the Ministry of Urban Affairs of the time because the two cities had separate histories going back to the fur trading days. The city centres are several miles apart and there was much rivalry between them. When amalgamation became a fact, a plebiscite was held to decide on the new name. We were given three choices: The Lakehead, Lakehead, and Thunder Bay. Now Thunder Bay is the bay on Lake Superior on which both cities are located, but it sounded much to rural for most residents. The obvious choice was The Lakehead, since this is what everyone had always called the cities anyway. However, the vote was split by arguments on talk shows and in the local press concerning the status of names with the definite article. I recall even the day before the vote that people would call the radio stations to make desperate pleas: Don't vote for 'The Lakehead'!! It sounds like an area, not like a city name!! vs. Don't let this government change our traditional name from Lakehead to The Lakehead. The result? Thunder Bay, with a minority of votes, won out, much to EVERYone's dismay. BTW, I found it irksome that when the two newpapers joined forces, their separate names, The News-Chronicle and the Times-Journal, were also amalgamated, yielding two different names, one for the morning and one for the evening edition: The Times-News and the Chronicle-Journal. It seems that nobody had a sense for the compound meanings and viewed the new names as a meaningless combination of newpapery names, just as they must have viewed the old ones. Ron Smyth smyth@lake.scar.utoronto.ca -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:22:53 -0500 From: jrunner@titan.ucc.umass.edu (Jeff Runner) Subject: "The" City In response to Michael Erickson's posting commenting on the fact that Bay Area folk refer to San Francisco as "The City": before moving to "The City" (San Francisco), I went to school in Rochester, NY, where many of the students were from New York City, "The City". Needless to say it got me for awhile hearing SF referred to as "The City" when to me that meant NYC. Well, I got over it. On a slightly different note, I have a friend from Northern Indiana, from a place she calls "The Region"; I guess this is like "The City" but larger and less metropolitan, huh? As for "the" highways, I don't remember "the" being used on numbered highways in the Bay Area or Santa Cruz. Here in Massachusetts, the sound of "The 90", "The 95", etc. is very weird; but we do have "The Pike" or generically, "The highway" (as opposed to West Coast, "The Freeway"). Jeff Runner -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 08:40:14 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames For what it's worth, in regard to `the Ukraine', peripheries usually take the article in English, whether native or borrowed: the Border, the Military Border (in reference to the southern provinces of Austria), the March, the Mark, the Banat, the Outlands, etc. However, German compounds for old border provinces don't seem to do this (in English): Kurmark, Altmark, Neumark, etc. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 14:16:39 EST From: Lynda M. Milne Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames Re Dan Slobin's and Paul Chopin's notes on Northern/Southern California freeway names: I used to work in Santa Ana and Oakland, and in both places get frequent directions to visit customer sites. I noticed at least 8 years ago that SoCal folks almost always used an article plus the freeway number ("Take the five to the 405, then get off on the 55...). In Northern California (where I lived for 18 years), I NEVER heard "the 101, the five, the 17." Instead, one would "Take 80 to 580 to I-5." In Northern Cal, the article is only used with a highway's (non-numeric) proper name: "The MacArthur is backed up all the way to the Nimitz." This is one of those little things I could never get anyone else to notice. So glad it's finally receiving its proper attention! :) ___________________________________________________________ Lynda Milne Internet: lmilne@umich.edu Project FLAME BITNET: HLF5@UMICHUM 2018 Modern Language Bldg University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48104-1275 Telephone: 313-763-0454 ___________________________________________________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 12:31:53 -0800 From: jkaplan@sciences.sdsu.edu Subject: Re: 3.914 Articles in Placenames Regarding the recent spate of postings concerning the definite article in freeway names in California: in southern southern California, that is, the San Diego area, no article is used: It's "take 5 to 805 to 8 east..." Jeff Kaplan Linguistics SDSU -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 15:44 EST From: ALICE FABER Subject: THE City Michael A. Erickson (miericks@indiana.edu) asks: >> By the way, in the Bay Area, San Francisco is referred to as "The >> City". Is this the case in other metropolitan areas? San Francisco can't possibly be The City. The City is New York! Does this answer your question? (:->) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 1992 17:05:16 -0600 From: Paul Saka Subject: RE 3.914 Placenames I can refer to highways either with or without the article: "880", "the 880". However, there are a couple of differences between the two. First, "the 880" is marked; although I might say it, I would do so only in a discourse where my interlocutor has already used the articled version. In a grad-school term paper, I argued that this kind of choosing between synonyms depends partly on recency priming. The second difference, for me, is that "the 880" is NOT a name. Rather, it is a truncated description that elliptically means "the 880 highway" or "the 880 freeway". Now I have a question for those speakers who use "the 880" as the unmarked variant: how many of you feel that "the 880" is a lexicalized name, and how many intuit that it is an elliptical description? Presumably it started, for everyone, as a description, and is now on the way to becoming a name. It would be interesting to trace how far along the path this is, and to see whether it correlates with the age and regional origin of the speaker. Paul Saka UI Urbana -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 17:57:43 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: Articles with highway numbers In Ontario there is a variation on the use of the definite article with highway numbers. Highways are numbered by some system whose origin I do not know, but that number is prefixed by "4" (making a number in the 400's) if it is a divided highway (4 lanes or more). The same highway's desigation will vary at different points along its length. For example, Highway 17 comes into Ottawa, and is designated Highway 417 through the metropolitan area. The usage with respect to definite articles is that Highways in the 400's take the definite article and others take either nothing or the word "highway". So when asked for the fastest route to Toronto, one would reply that "you take 16 [or: Highway 16] south to the 401, then stay on the 401 all the way to Toronto." My experience in the American midwest (Ohio to be precise) is that you don't use the definite article with interstate highway numbers, though the the use of the "I" is variable. So (in Cincinnati) one might say "Take 75 north for 60 miles" or "Take I 75 north for 60 miles." What pattern emerges from these data (including the California data posted earlier)? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-918. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-919. Mon 23 Nov 1992. Lines: 102 Subject: 3.919 Calls for Papers: African, Language & Culture Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 8:54:05 EST From: David_Odden@osu.edu Subject: Correction: African Linguistics 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 11:41:02 CST From: Yukiko S Alam Subject: Call for Papers: Language and Culture -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 8:54:05 EST From: David_Odden@osu.edu Subject: Correction: African Linguistics Please make the following correction to a stupid typo in the announcement I sent for the 24th ACAL: it will be in 1993. CALL FOR PAPERS 24TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON AFRICAN LINGUISTICS, July 23-25 >>> 1993 <<< sponsored by The Department of Linguistics, the Center for African Studies and the College of Humanities, Ohio State University We invite abstracts for 20 minute papers on all areas relating to African linguistics. Camera-ready abstracts fitting within 3 in X 6 in (7.75cm X 15.25 cm) should be received by May 1, 1993. For further information contact: David Odden 24th ACAL Department of Linguistics Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43210 USA (email david_odden@osu.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 11:41:02 CST From: Yukiko S Alam Subject: Call for Papers: Language and Culture * * * CALL FOR PAPERS * * * on topics concerning the interrelationships between language, culture and society in the cases of English and Japanese 4th International Conference on Cross-Cultural Communication March 24-28, 1993 San Antonio, Texas I am interested in organizing a panel with the preliminary title, "Interrelationships between Language, Culture and Society: The Cases of English and Japanese." Although the deadline of submission of an abstract (December 18, 1992) differs from the one set for the Conference, I have been authorized by one of the program committee members to set a different deadline. Papers of interest include (but are not limited to) possible demonstrations of the following: shared principles of linguistic, cultural (and possibly social) organization; conceptual interfaces between language and culture; interrelationships between cultural identity and language use. Deadline for receipt of abstracts is December 18, 1992. Please send abstracts (one page), suggestions and inquiries ASAP to: Yukiko Sasaki Alam Phone: (409) 845-2108 Dept. of Modern & Classical Languages Fax: 409-845-6421 Texas A & M University Email: yukiko@tamu.edu (Internet) College Station, TX 77843-4238 yukiko@tamvenus.bitnet (Correspondence via email is encouraged including submission of abstracts.) N.B. Please write for information on the Conference to: L. Brooks Hill or John H. Koo Nobuyuki Honna Bates L. Hoffer Korean Studies Program Aoyama Gakuin Univ. Conference Directors University of Alaska 4-4-25 Shibuya Box 418, Trinity University Fairbanks, Alaska 99701 Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 715 Stadium Drive USA 150 Japan San Antonio, TX 78212 USA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-919. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-920. Mon 23 Nov 1992. Lines: 83 Subject: 3.920 Queries: German, History of English, Am not I Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:38:11 -0600 From: louden@bongo.cc.utexas.edu (mark l louden) Subject: Acquisition of German 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 1992 13:02:49 +0400 (AST) From: Robert Thiel Subject: Texts: History of English Language 3) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 21:09:39 EST From: Kevin McDade Subject: AM NOT I! -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:38:11 -0600 From: louden@bongo.cc.utexas.edu (mark l louden) Subject: Acquisition of German Is there anyone familiar with the literature on the L1 acquisition of German who knows anything about the early journal by Ernst and Gertrud Scupin on the linguistic development of their son 'Bubi'? Has anything been written on it or its exegesis? Have the data in it been organized in any way? Thank you, Mark L. Louden Germanic Languages UT Austin Austin, TX 78712 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 1992 13:02:49 +0400 (AST) From: Robert Thiel Subject: Texts: History of English Language I haven't taught the History of English Language for several years, but suddenly I find I must teach it this coming January. I'm out of touch with the latest texts that may have been published of late. If anyone has any suggestions regarding a decent text, please write me at email address below. Robert Thiel Internet: thielr@umoncton.ca Universite de Moncton Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 21:09:39 EST From: Kevin McDade Subject: AM NOT I! Could anyone please tell me why we use *are not I?* instead of *am not I?* Thank you in advance. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-920. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-921. Mon 23 Nov 1992. Lines: 88 Subject: 3.921 Hangul Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:06:12 EST From: mark Subject: Hangul Day 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 01:47:10 est From: Sungjin Han Subject: forwarded message: Hangul 3) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 14:07:47 EST From: Jong Gyun Lim Subject: Hangul Day -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 10:06:12 EST From: mark Subject: Hangul Day Since we're talking about it, would some Korean/ist colleague please post the pronunciation of "Hangul"? Mark A. Mandel Dragon Systems, Inc. : speech recognition : +1 617 965-5200 320 Nevada St. : Newton, Mass. 02160, USA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 01:47:10 est From: Sungjin Han Subject: forwarded message: Hangul As to the Oct. 9 as the Hangul Day in Korea: King Sejong the Great created Hangul in 1443 and proclaimed somewhere around that time. When Hangul scholars of Korea studied Hangul and moved for the national holiday in celebration of Hangul invention, they calculated back the approximate date according to the data they could come by, and they finally determined "Oct. 9" as the closest day to the proclamation of Hangul. (As for more precise data, I'm going to ask to some of Korean linguists in Korea.) At that time, I mean, during King Sejong's rule, we Korea used the lunar calendar. So in fact, the exact date should differ accordingly each year. But the Korean government at the time of Hangul Day determination gave very much (official) emphasis onto Western calendar at the expense of even some of important traditional holidays such as New Years Day in lunar calendar! Yet, they were better than the current government which excluded Hangul Day from national holidays! Sungjin HAN Program in Computational Linguistics Department of Philosophy Carnegie Mellon University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 14:07:47 EST From: Jong Gyun Lim Subject: Hangul Day Hangul Day (pronounced as "han-gul-nal" in Hangul) is always on Oct. 9th by the Gregorian calendar. Like Dr. Schaufele, I doubt that Koreans have been observing the Gregorian calendar since the 15th century, but since Korea opened its door to the western world around the end of 19th century, it adopted most of the western standards including metric system and the calendar system. As a Korean computational linguist, I am obviously very excited about Martin Haspelmath's proposal to recognize Hangul Day as the World Linguistics Day. If I get more information about the Hangul Day, I will make another post here. -- Jong-Gyun Lim 212) 939-7113 704 Schapiro Building Department of Computer Science Columbia University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-921. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-922. Mon 23 Nov 1992. Lines: 63 Subject: 3.922 FYI: CALIS; Cognitive Linguistics Summary Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 1992 19:27 EST From: JAYMERICH@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: How to get CALIS 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 20:07:14 +1100 From: bert peeters Subject: Cognitive linguistics summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 1992 19:27 EST From: JAYMERICH@guvax.acc.georgetown.edu Subject: How to get CALIS A few days ago, I placed a query about how to get CALIS, a computer assisted instruction program for Italian. The information was kindly supplied to me by Leslie Morgan (Loyola College, MD). Several people have asked me to let them know about this whenever I found out. It seems like there is some interest, so I'll summarize for the list: - the program is free of charge and seems to be pretty good. - there is a version for Windows (WINCALIS) [$100] It can do multimedia. - To get the program, write to the following address (make sure to enclose a diskette): CALICO 014 Language Center Duke University BOX 90267 DURHAM, NC 27708-0267 Tel: (919) 681-6455 Fax: (919) 681-6485 E-mail: CALICO@dukeMvs.bitnet CALICO@dukeMvs.ac.duke.edu (internet) Julia Aymerich. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 20 Nov 92 20:07:14 +1100 From: bert peeters Subject: Cognitive linguistics summary An updated and less biased version of the cognitive linguistics summary which I sent out to several readers of LINGUIST is now available in French and by e-mail only. You should have UUDecode at your end to make the file readable. If interested, drop me a line. --------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-922. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-923. Mon 23 Nov 1992. Lines: 76 Subject: 3.923 Queries: CAI for the Deaf; Truetype IPA for Windows Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 09:08 EST From: TRUESDA@prism.clemson.edu Subject: Query: CAI materials for the deaf 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 11:24:15 HNE From: Christian Guilbault Subject: Re: 3.862 Software -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 09:08 EST From: TRUESDA@prism.clemson.edu Subject: Query: CAI materials for the deaf A student and I are trying to locate computer materials designed for helping deaf children learn to speak. Specifically, we would like to find materials that would provide graphic feedback to help children "shape" their articulatory attempts--in other words, materials that would help children literally SEE how to pronounce in the absence of acoustic feedback. Could anyone out there point the way to such materials? If there are no such materials currently available, do you know of anyone who is working to develop them? Thanks in advance for any leads--and if there is interest I can summarize for the net. Please send replies to MLDAVIS@HUBCAP.CLEMSON.EDU or to me. Thanks again! --Vance Truesdale, Clemson Univ. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 21 Nov 92 11:24:15 HNE From: Christian Guilbault Subject: Re: 3.862 Software This message is about phonetic fonts for IBM and compatibles computers. Here, in the Linguistic department at Laval University, we are studying french- canadian phonetic. But we just didn't find a suitable phonetic alphabet font t hat we ould use with our HP Laser printer. We are looking maybe for a true type font using in Windows with Word Perfect or any other type of font that we coul d use with Word Perfect in Dos. I would like anyone that use such phonetic fonts to tell me what he or she is u sing and where we could get that system. Thanks to everybody. Christian Guilbault ======================================================================== Williams and Holland's Law If enough data is collected, anything may be proven by statistical methods. Christian Guilbault -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-923. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-924. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 87 Subject: 3.924 Queries: Basque; Ethnographic Software; Assyrian Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:38:07 +1100 From: Jon Subject: Interests in Basque 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 14:49:56 EST From: Margaret.Luebs@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Query: Ethnographies software 3) Date: 23 Nov 1992 12:05:35 -0600 (CST) From: HIROMI@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu Subject: Assyrian -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:38:07 +1100 From: Jon Subject: Interests in Basque I am a computer scientist who is interested in materials on Basque written in English. The materials can come from the general area of linguistics or from the Natural Language Processing literature of computer science. Any assistance would be greatly appreciated. Jon jon@cm.deakin.oz.AU Prof. Jon Patrick Dept Computing & Maths Deakin University Geelong Victoria Australia -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 14:49:56 EST From: Margaret.Luebs@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Query: Ethnographies software Does anyone know anything about a software program called something like "Ethnographies"? I'm told it comes from somewhere in Oregon, and that's all I know. Please reply to me, and I'll report back to the List if there's interest. -- Margaret Luebs -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 23 Nov 1992 12:05:35 -0600 (CST) From: HIROMI@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu Subject: Assyrian My friends and I (folkdancers) learned a new dance last week, and we were told that it was Assyrian. The music included some singing, and we were very curious about the language. Could anyone out there give us some information about the following?: (1) Does the Assyrian language still exist? (2) If it indeed exists, how many people speak it and in what geographical area(s) is it being used? (3) What language family does it belong to? Please send an e-mail directly to me. Thanks in advance. Hiromi Morikawa Institute of Life Span Studies University of Kansas hiromi@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-924. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-925. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 70 Subject: 3.925 Control Language; CALIS Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 11:18 EDT From: dwight tuinstra Subject: Re: Control language 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 15:48 EST From: MORGAN@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Re: 3.922 FYI: CALIS; Cognitive Linguistics Summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 19 Nov 92 11:18 EDT From: dwight tuinstra Subject: Re: Control language It might be worthwhile to look at the "control languages" of of trained animals, expecially those in hazardous or violent situations (such as guard dogs). There is likely to be a fairly long history of accumulating practical experience, and such animals share the same problem of an "intelligent" computer -- how to distinguish a command from the other sounds around them. I thought of this when reading the description of the computer commands in Larry Niven's fiction. It reminded me of a magazine article I read long ago regarding (of all people) Billy Graham. He had two German Shepard guard/attack dogs (reluctantly), who were trained to respond to commands in German. There is also the Naval shipboard tradition of repeating a command before executing it -- thus giving the commanding entity a verification check, and a chance to remand the order if incorrectly understood. There may be other military practices applicable to the problem; it's another instance of noisy situations where correct filtering and understanding are critical. --dwight tuinstra tuinstdw@snypotva.bitnet -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 15:48 EST From: MORGAN@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Re: 3.922 FYI: CALIS; Cognitive Linguistics Summary I would like to amend the notice posted re CALIS: it is an AUTHORING program. That it, is can be used to write exercises in ANY language (including non-Roman). There is not, as far as I know, any specific set out and around for Italian. If there is, please let me know too! Wisc-Ware (University of Wisconsin) does have a few for Italian, but they seem to be basic verb drills. Leslie Morgan Loyola College in Md. MORGAN@LOYVAX.BITNET or MORGAN@LOYOLA.EDU -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-925. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-926. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 232 Subject: 3.926 Conferences: Computing in Social Sciences; CONSOLE Program Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 23 Nov 92 11:19 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: call for papers 2) Date: 23 Nov 1992 11:54:32 +0000 (GMT) From: Peter.Ackema@let.ruu.nl Subject: CONSOLE Program -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 23 Nov 92 11:19 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: call for papers I am fowarding this conference announcement for Melanie Loots of the University of Illinois, who is not on LINGUIST. Please address all inquiries to her, at the address appearing at the end of the announcement. ********************************* Computing in Social Sciences 1993 (CSS93) Conference May 19-21, 1993 at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign CSS93 will be the fourth annual conference of the Social Science Computing Association (SSCA). The purpose of SSCA, which is an interdisciplinary organization, is to promote the development of computing within the social sciences through organized activities and the interchange of ideas, data, teaching materials, experiences, research results, and other resources. The term "computing" is interpreted in a broad sense encompassing information technology and electronic networks using computers. SSCA encourages those interested in social science computing to attend CSS93. Conference speakers will include Dr. Cora Marrett, NSF, Assistant Director for Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences,and Dr. Norman Nye, SPSS, Inc. The theme of CSS93 is, "GRAND CHALLENGES FOR SOCIAL SCIENCES ". To take advantage of the hospitality of the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA), and its director, Dr. Larry Smarr, CSS93 will have as its theme grand challenges for the social sciences. Grand challenges are problems of national importance which often require high performance computing for their solution. Numerous grand computing challenges have already been designated in the physical sciences and are receiving federal research support. CSS93 will help introduce social scientists to the world of high performance computing and possibly lead to SSCA proposals for funding for social science grand computing challenges (e.g., in global climate change policy analysis; pollution prevention and waste management; health care; education; family research; international competitiveness; urban development; disease control,; etc.). CALL FOR PAPERS CSS93 solicits original papers which report new research, survey or review emerging trends, research in progress, proposed research projects, or innovative applications. All papers relating to Social Sciences and Computing are welcome. Past topics have included high performance computing, artificial intelligence, database management, networks, GIS, visualization, socioeconomic modeling, analytic methods, hypermedia, and policy impacts of computing. If you wish to submit a paper, please send an abstract limited to 200 words to Program Committee Chairperson, Bruce Tonn, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tenn. 37831-6207 (615-574-4041; fax 615-574-3895) by December 15, 1992. Abstracts could also be submitted electronically by e-mail to Bruce Tonn at BET@edbet.ed.ornl.gov or BET@ornlstc.bitnet. All submitted papers must include a cover sheet containing name, address, telephone number, FAX and email address of the person to whom correspondence regarding the paper should be addressed. Authors will be notified concerning acceptance of the paper for presentation by January 31, 1992. Authors will be required to have their papers available for distribution at the conference. The Program Chairperson will arrange for pre-presentation peer review of papers if so requested by the author(s). Post-conference opportunities for publication include the Association's journal, Social Science Computer Review, and a book to be published by the Univeristy of Illinois Press. "PROBE" PROJECTS One goal for CSS93 is to showcase selected social science applications of high performance computing. NCSA is assisting selected social science researchers in establishing projects that 'probe' the benefits for social science of NCSA HPC resources. If you would like information about probe projects in progress, please contact Prof. Vernon Burton, 4143 Beckman Institute-NCSA, 405 N. Mathews, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, e-mail: hpcsocsc@ncsa.uiuc.edu. Please copy e-mail to amichael@ncsa.uiuc.edu. CALL FOR PARTICIPATION, SYSTEM DEMONSTRATIONS, ETC. CSS93 also solicits proposals for paper sessions, panel discussions, poster sessions, and tutorials. These suggestions should be sent to Bruce Tonn. Anyone wishing to demonstrate software systems at the conference are encouraged to contact the Organizing Committee Chairperson, Vernon Burton. You are encouraged to submit any other ideas for the conference and to become involved! More information will soon follow in succeeding announcements. Melanie Loots Associate Director, Applications National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois (217)244-2921 mloots@ncsa.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 23 Nov 1992 11:54:32 +0000 (GMT) From: Peter.Ackema@let.ruu.nl Subject: CONSOLE Program Program CONSOLE 1, University of Utrecht, December 15-18 1992 The conference will take place at Achter de Dom 22, room 2.02 Tuesday, December 15 9.15 Opening by Martin Everaert (graduate program supervisor, Utrecht University) 9.30 Ana Maria Madeira (University College London) - Clitic-second in European Portuguese 10.15 Vieri Samek-Lodovici (Rutgers University) - A Unified Analysis of Cross-linguistic Morphological Gemination 11.00 Break 11.30 Bernhard Rohrbacher (University of Massachusetts) - English AUX^NEG, Mainland Scandinavian NEG^AUX, and the Theory of V to I Raising 12.15 Jae-Hong Lee (CUNY) - Subjects and Nominative Case Assignment 13.00 Lunch 14.15 ~ystein Alexander Vangsnes (University of Bergen) - Definiteness vs. Uniqueness and Specificity: On the "Intensive" Use of Pronominal Determiners in Norwegian 15.00 Liang Tao (University of Colorado, Boulder) - The Prosodic Structure and Discourse Function of Relative Clauses in American English Conversational Discourse 15.45 Break 16.15 Anna Roussou (University College London/University of Wales, Bangor) - Factivity, Factive Islands and the That-t Filter Wednesday, December 16 9.30 Xavier Villalba (Universitat Aut noma de Barcelona) - Incorporation, Case, and Economy: A Principled Approach to Causative Constructions 10.15 Marian Klamer (Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam) - Applicatives in Kambera: No Asymmetrical Object NPs 11.00 Break 11.30 Tracy Holloway King (Stanford University) - Russian Psych Verbs and Refining the UTAH 12.15 Talke Macfarland (Northwestern University) - Event Structure and Argument Structure of Cognate Objects 13.00 Lunch 14.15 Lynn Cherny (Stanford University) - A' Binding and Modality in Palauan 15.00 S"nia Frota (Universidade de Lisboa) - Is Focus a Phonological Category in Portuguese? A Theoretical and Experimental Approach 15.45 Break 16.15 Claudia Borgonovo (Brandeis University) - Extraction from Participials Thursday, December 17 9.30 Laurent P. Dekydtspotter (Cornell University) - Reconstruction of Nested Variables and Locality 10.15 Priya Bondre-Beil, Daniel B ring and Katharina Hartmann (Universit t zu K ln) - The Dark Side of Wh-movement 11.00 Break 11.30 Maria Uribe-Etxebarria (University of Connecticut) - A Syntactic Approach to Morphophonological Properties of Compounds 12.15 Javier Ormazabal (University of Connecticut) - The PF and LF Properties of Morphologically Complex Words: A Head-movement Solution to Bracketing Paradoxes 13.00 Lunch 14.15 Christopher J. Pi$"n (Stanford University) - Preverbs as Part Structures of Aspect 15.00 Mari Broman Olsen (Northwestern University) - Aspectual Marking and English "Verb Forming" Prefixes 15.45 Break 16.15 Janne Bondi Johannessen (Universitetet i Oslo) - Coordinate-alpha Evening: Party Alternate papers Phonology: Linda Uyechi (Stanford University) - Visual Phonology: A New Model for Movement Syntax/Semantics: David Adger (University of Edinburgh) - Denotational Licensing and Improper Movement Petra Hendriks (University of Groningen) - The Semantics of Multiple Head Comparatives Friday, December 18 Workshop on the Semantic and Syntactic Analysis of Focus Moderator: Peter Culicover (Ohio State University) 9.00 Peter Culicover - Introductory remarks 9.20 Peter I. Blok (University of Groningen) - Two Dogmas of Focusism 9.55 Jochen Geilfuss (Universit t T bingen) - Quantifiers and Association with Focus 10.30 Break 10.50 Hanneke van Hoof (Tilburg University) - Focus Projection from Subjects 11.25 Susanne Winkler (Universit t T bingen) - Focus Projection and Argument Structure of Resultatives 12.00 Lunch 13.45 Laurent Dekydtspotter (Cornell University) - Ne Que and the Theory of Focus 14.20 Peter Culicover - Concluding remarks 15.00 End of conference -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-926. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-927. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 69 Subject: 3.927 Hangul Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 19:42:04 CST From: Gregory K. Iverson Subject: Han'gul nal 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 10:34:49 EST From: David J Silva 315-443-5375 Subject: Hangul -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 19:42:04 CST From: Gregory K. Iverson Subject: Han'gul nal In consideration of the recent discussion and inquiries on LINGUIST about the status of Han'gulnal, or Korean Alphabet Day, I am posting the following message on this matter sent to me by the president of the International Circle of Korean Linguistics, Young-Key Kim-Renaud of George Washington University: Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 20:07:59 EDT From: Young-Key Kim-Renaud Subject: Re: Han'gul nal Dear Greg: It was nice to hear from you. I am glad that there is an even more ambitious proposal than making Han-gul Day a national holiday. As you know, in my capacity of the president of the International Circle of Korean Linguistics, I proposed and obtained an enthusiastic support from those who attended our rec ent 8th ICKL meeting last August at GWU for reestablishing the Korean Alphabet Day as a national holiday. The proposal with signatures by all those who were present at the meeting and some spectators was sent to the President of the Republic of Korea in the month of September, but so far we have not received a response. Given the transitory status of the current president, I am highly skeptical that the issue would even be discussed. I kept a copy of all the signatures and I will send it to the new president who will be elected in Dec. In the meantime, I would welcome any more letters and signatures of support for this proposal which I will attach to my next correspondence to the Korean head of state. Thanks again for all your interest and support. Best regards, YK. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 10:34:49 EST From: David J Silva 315-443-5375 Subject: Hangul My experience with Korean (both active and passive) tells me that "Hangul" is pronounced with an unrounded high central vowel (barred "i") in the place of the orthographic _u_. All else is unmarked. As for Mr. Lim's comment about Hangul Day being pronounce "han-gul-nal", I'd say that "han-gul-lal" might also be a pronunciation, thanks to a regular rule of lateralization. "han-gul-nal" would be a more accurate representation of the underlying form. --David J. Silva (djsilva@suvm), Syracuse University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-927. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-928. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 153 Subject: 3.928 Summary: Videos for Language and Society Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 24 Nov 92 15:44:52 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: videos for language & society - summary of responses -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 24 Nov 92 15:44:52 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: videos for language & society - summary of responses Here, at long last, is the summary of responses I got to my query on videos for an undergraduate Language, Culture & Society course. Sorry it took so long, but I got bogged down in end of the (southern hemisphere) academic year exam grading. First, thanks to everyone who responded. Here are the films mentioned, together with people's comments on them (and information about how to obtain them where available) : 1. Story of English - a couple of people liked segments of it especially Black on White, the segment on Black English and Mother Tongue, on the history and development of English on the other hand, it was also disrecommended for being full of odd misinformation 2. The Alphabet - Mark of Man (sic) very Eurocentric, but does give some good information 3. Out of the mouths of Babes excellent film on child language 4. The Engima of Casper Hasen "a beatiful commercial film" 5. Walkabout 6. American Tongues a very funny, intelligent look at dialect/situation variation in the US and their sociopolitical implications 55-minute version with raunchy language 45 minute censored version reviewed in American Anthropologist 1990 Vol 92 no 2 purchase price $285, rental $85 New Day Films Inc 121 W 27th St Room 902 NY NY 10001 7. not a specific film, but an idea take video-tapes of famous politcal addresses that interest the students (eg Jesse Jackson's 1988 address to the Democratic Natl Convention) and analyze it in class 8. The Lemon Grove Incident 60 minute PBS video - deals with an attempt to segregate Mexican children at school (1930). used to illustrate linguistic factors in prejudice 9. The Two Brains a PBS video - language and the brain 10. Washo a PBS video attempts to teach ASL to chimps 11. The Pear Stories film the film used to produce the research on which The Pear Stories, 1980, Chafe (ed) was based 12. Gorillas a national geographic film - has a section on attempts to teach KOKO ASL 12. A Child's Guide to Language British tv program comparing first and second language acquisition 13. Before Babel BBC program about proto-language 14. Language by Gesture Kenneth Pike doing field work available from Penn State audio-visual dept 14. The Chairy Tale a film about a person and a chair interacting - really about intercultural communication available from Penn State audio-visual dept Pennsylvania State University Audio Visual Services Special Services Building University Park PA 16802 catalog: Films and Video for Arts and Communication 15. Teaching Sign Language to the Chimpanee, Washoe abailable from Penn State audio-visual dept 16. The Language of the Bees 17. He said, She said interview with Deborah Tannen about gender differences in conversational style 18. A World of Gesture non-verbal (gestural) communication available from U. of California Extension Media Center 2176 Shattuck Ave, Berkeley CA 94704 19. Crosstalk a film by Gumperz on intercultural mis-communication available from Mrs. Tanner at Georgetown U. language lab 20. In Praise of Language 24 minute film about the development of writing for the Niso people of Northwest Cameroun International Academic Bookstore, Summer Institute of Linguistics 7500 W. Camp Wisdom Rd Dallas TX 75236 $18.75 21. Sociolinguistics of language 25 minute film discussing language variation, ethnography of communication, language in social context, speech act theory, language change International Academic Bookstore, Summer Institute of Linguistics 7500 W. Camp Wisdom Rd Dallas TX 75236 $18.75 22. sixty minutes segment on animal language looks at the history of trying to teach primates language. great for critiquing the experiments available through the u of illionois film services also a number of people said they had taped things off of PBS over the years, which might be available directly from PBS, who will send a catalog to anyone with an academic address. Fay Wouk Dept. of Anthropology, University of Auckland few@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz, wouk@ccu1.aukuni.ac.nz -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-928. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-929. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 201 Subject: 3.929 Articles and Names Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 22 Nov 92 11:05:21 EST Subject: Re: 3.918 Articles and Names From: Ann Taylor 2) Date: 21 Nov 1992 14:12:44 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Re: 3.918 Articles and Names 3) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 10:50:23 EST From: frnk301!frnk405!will@uunet.UU.NET (William Dowling) Subject: Articles in place names, highway names 4) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 09:45:02 MST From: Marianna Di Paolo Subject: articles with lake names 5) Date: 23 Nov 1992 07:27:09 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: Articles, place (and other) names 6) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 16:42:15 EST From: sowa@watson.ibm.com Subject: The City and The Donald -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 22 Nov 92 11:05:21 EST Subject: Re: 3.918 Articles and Names From: Ann Taylor Re: the 400 highway names in Ontario. As a long-time resident of South-western Ontario, I agree with Ian Mackay that it's only 400 highways that can take the definite article (or highways with names 'the QEW'). but for me the 401 absolutely must have the article while other 400 highways, may or may not. I've always assumed this is simply because until quite recently the 401 was the only highway (within the meaning of the act), all others so designated being little more than back roads. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 21 Nov 1992 14:12:44 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Re: 3.918 Articles and Names A Yucateco once asked me why English-speakers persistently say "the Yucatan." I replied that I thought it was short for "the Yucatan peninsula." He found it somehow patronizing, just as various contributors to Linguist report. He thought of Yucatan as a state (one doesn't say "the Morelos") or a region, not as a land mass defined by its coasts. Fran Karttunen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 10:50:23 EST From: frnk301!frnk405!will@uunet.UU.NET (William Dowling) Subject: Articles in place names, highway names Several comments for this thread: On multi-language morpheme duplication, Calvin Trillin, in one of his food books, reserves his utmost contempt for "Continental Cuisine" served at places with names like "The La Casa de la Maison House." Re The Yukon: One of the functions of the definite article seems to be to communicate remoteness. I think The Yukon, The Amazon (a region, not the river), The Arctic are constructions that exemplify this. I would say that "the Moon" also gets its article this way, whereas "Mars", etc. are not really perceived as places. This might help explain why a Punjabi (etc.) would prefer "I come from Punjab." Re Colonial interpretation: Possible, but hard to discriminate from the remote interpretation. Also compare "The Netherlands." (etc.?) Re The 405 (etc.): The definite article can serve as an in-group marker (this must be a consequence of something Grice said.) If in fact there is more than one city we might be talking about, and I say "the city," you've got to be in my group to know what I'm talking about. Someone commented that the definite article in this context sounded "trendy." Cf. rowers at Oxford referring to "the race", etc. > From: Ian MacKay > My experience in the American midwest (Ohio to be precise) is that you > don't use the definite article with interstate highway numbers, though the > the use of the "I" is variable. So (in Cincinnati) one might say "Take 75 > north for 60 miles" or "Take I 75 north for 60 miles." Here's another bean for this pot: In Denver, locals might take (I) 70 east for 60 miles, but in Philadelphia we are more likely to take 95 north for an hour. Will Dowling (will@franklin.com) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 09:45:02 MST From: Marianna Di Paolo Subject: articles with lake names A while ago someone made the claim that the definite article is not used with lake names. A notable exception is The Great Salt Lake (of Utah), which is the official name. In regular conversation it is referred to as The Lake (and, yes, I wouldn't be the least surprised if Chicagoans referred to Lake Michigan in the same way, etc.). I think that it is also called The Salt Lake at times. To my knowledge it is NEVER called Salt Lake, probably because Salt Lake refers to the city (Salt Lake City) or to the metropolitan area contained in the Salt Lake Valley. Here are some example sentences from The Salt Lake Tribune, Saturday, November 21, 1992 A2. "Friday's storm buried some Salt Lake areas under 12 inches of snow." (Caption of a picture showing traffic near the University of Utah in Salt Lake City.) "William Alder, meteorologist for the National Weather Service, said an otherwise routine storm picked up energy as it passed over the relatively warm waters of the Great Salt Lake." Marianna Di Paolo dipaolo@anthro.utah.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: 23 Nov 1992 07:27:09 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: Articles, place (and other) names A quick and belated note regarding the use of definite articles: One other case I can think of where a country name which previously involved the definite article and does no longer involves Argentina, which was at one time (in some circles, at any rate) referred to as The Argentine. I can't say that the latter ever had any negative associations -- it just seems old fashioned (and British). Another case of a cross-linguistic redundancy: In the late period of the heyday of long distance railroad passenger service in the United States the Santa Fe Railway had a train between Chicago and Los Angeles called *El Capitan* which was commonly referred to as 'The El Capitan' (and perhaps even more commonly, among afficionadi, as 'The El Cap'). In re the discussion regarding what place gets to call itself The City: In outstate Minnesota the Twin Cities metropolitan area is commonly referred to as The Cities. (P.S. to Alice Faber: No, no, no, The City is a part of London. Everybody knows that!) Two curiosities: I've noticed that historians tend to refer to what I grew up calling The Magna Carta simply as Magna Carta. In the opposite direction, it seems to be the practice of classicists to refer to certain Greek dramas with names preceded by articles even where it seems inappropriate -- e.g. *The Medea*. Always wondered about that. Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 16:42:15 EST From: sowa@watson.ibm.com Subject: The City and The Donald It's common for every big city to be called "The City" by people who live nearby. In New York, "The City" tends to mean Manhattan, even for people who live in the other boroughs. An interesting historical case is Istanbul, whose name comes from the Greek phrase "eis ten poli" ("to the city" -- first "e" is epsilon, and second "e" is eta). That phrase tended to be pronounced "istimboli" and with dissimilation "istamboli". So when the Turks changed the name from Constantinople to Istanbul, they simply changed from a name with an obvious Greek derivation to one with a nonobvious Greek derivation. While we are talking about articles with proper names, how about "The Donald" for Donald Trump? I have also heard "The X" with the names of other people who are especially prominent or eccentric. John Sowa -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-929. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-930. Tue 24 Nov 1992. Lines: 61 Subject: 3.930 Negatives: Too Many; Ain't Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 18 Nov 1992 10:39:02 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Negation run amuck 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 14:12:35 -0800 (PST) From: VCSPC005@VAX.CSUN.EDU (AHARRIS - Alan Harris) Subject: RE: 3.920 Queries: German, History of English, Am not I -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 18 Nov 1992 10:39:02 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Negation run amuck An Associated Press release today quotes the Wayne County prosecutor as follows: "It seems absolutely beyond belief that we could not find a jury that could not be fair and impartial." Since the prosecutor does not want the trial moved and was responding to the defense argument that a fair trial was impossible in Detroit, I assume he meant something like: We can find a fair, impartial jury. I guess it's just that final "not" that throws me. Apparently the editor of the student newspaper did not find it confusing, because he set it in capitals to attract interest to the story. Anyway, it looks to me like more of the same business we've been discussing. Fran Karttunen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 1992 14:12:35 -0800 (PST) From: VCSPC005@VAX.CSUN.EDU (AHARRIS - Alan Harris) Subject: RE: 3.920 Queries: German, History of English, Am not I re am not I, or "aren't I": there was a supposition that i read once that this construction was a postbellum, reconstruction period, white teacher (read elementary school) response to the use of "ain't" In other words, anything in that period, roughly 1865-85, that smacked of "black" should be expunged from the language of learned individuals--at least that was the feeling. . . I do not know how accurate that is or whether it can be even demonstrated, but given the little sociolinguistic history that I know of that period, it sure sounds plausible. In England, wasn't "ain't I " the preferred in, say , the time of Dickens? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-930. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-931. Wed 25 Nov 1992. Lines: 116 Subject: 3.931 Conference Announcements Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 23:17:25 MEX From: Karen Dakin Subject: ALFAL announcement 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 19:05 EST From: MORGAN@BROWNCOG.BITNET Subject: Conference announcement -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 23:17:25 MEX From: Karen Dakin Subject: ALFAL announcement X INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF LINGUISTICS AND PHILOLOGY OF LATIN AMERICA APRIL 11-16, 1993 VERACRUZ, VERACRUZ MEXICO Specialists in language and literature who are active members of the ALFAL may participate in this congress. Those who are not members may join the association through the Regional Delegate for their country. For information, write to: Lilia Castellanos Medina Torre de Humanidades I, 3er. piso, cubiculo 20 Facultad de Filosofia y Letras Universidad Nacional Autonoma de M xico 04510 Mexico, D.F. Or to: Juan Lopez Chavez/Marina Arjona Iglesias Instituto de Investigaciones Filologicas, UNAM Mexico, D.F. FAX: (52) (5) 665-78-74 The congress inauguration will be Sunday, April 11, with an invited lecture on literature. Individual papers by members will be presented in the mornings, as well as the four plenary lectures by well- known specialists. There will also be afternoon activities: encounters of researchers, short courses, project meetings, and literary presentations. The closing will be Friday, April 16, and include an invited lecture on linguistics. There will also be a number of social events such as an opening reception, a Jarocha (Vercruz) evening, a Mexican evening, and a closing banquet. The academic sections of the congress are: Analysis of Linguistic Structures, Discourse Analysis, Sociolinguistics and Dialectology, Psycholinguistics, Applied linguistics, Amerindian Linguistics, Historical Linguistics and History of Linguistics, Analysis of Literary Texts. The official languages of the congress are Spanish and Portuguese. The registration fee for participants to present papers or attend is $40.00 US until January 12, 1993, and $60.00 after that date. For students the fee is $10.00. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 19:05 EST From: MORGAN@BROWNCOG.BITNET Subject: Conference announcement International Conference on SIGNAL TO SYNTAX: BOOTSTRAPPING FROM SPEECH TO GRAMMAR IN EARLY ACQUISITION February 19-21, 1993 James L. Morgan & Katherine Demuth Department of Cognitive & Linguistic Sciences Brown University Providence, Rhode Island The notion of 'prosodic bootstrapping' has recently emerged as a focus of inquiry as an increasing number of scholars in a range of disciplines have begun to investigate issues bearing on the relationship between speech input and the acquisition of syntax. These researchers include theoretical and computational linguists, acousticians, speech pathologists, and psychologists and cognitive scientists specializing in speech perception and language acquisition. This conference brings together this diverse group of researchers for the first time, in order to assess the state of the art and chart directions for future research. The conference will include sessions on: linguistic and psycholinguistic approaches to mapping between speech and syntax; acoustic and prosodic characteristics of infant-directed speech cuing aspects of syntax; perceptual and representational capacities of infants with regard to prosodic cuing of syntax; interactions among perception, production, and syntax in young children; and the role of speech in language bootstrapping. Speakers include Richard Aslin, Mary Beckman, Nan Bernstein Ratner, Anne Cutler, Katherine Demuth, Jill deVilliers, Elan Dresher, Catherine Echols, Peter Eimas, Anne Fernald, Cynthia Fisher, LouAnn Gerken, Lila Gleitman, Katherine Hirsh-Pasek, Peter Jusczyk, Michael Kelly, Deborah Kemler Nelson, David Lebeaux, Laurence Leonard, Philip Lieberman, Reiko Mazuka, Jacques Mehler, James Morgan, Elissa Newport, Ann Peters, Patti Price, Elizabeth Selkirk, Mark Steedman, Sven Stromqvist, and Janet Werker. For information concerning registration, call (401) 863-2616 or send email to Signal@Browncog.Bitnet. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-931. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-932. Wed 25 Nov 1992. Lines: 282 Subject: 3.932 Articles and Names Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 10:21 CST From: AIMMELMAN%TINY@MSUS1.MSUS.EDU Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 13:29:42 EST From: Brian D Joseph Subject: Posting for LINGUIST 3) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 22:54:48 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: Re: [3.929 Articles and Names] 4) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:41:38 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Articles and Names 5) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 13:21:41 EST From: "Ellen F. Prince" Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names 6) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 16:32:31 EDT From: H. Stephen Straight Subject: Articles in Names: A Minimal Pair 7) Date: 24 Nov 1992 21:32:32 -0500 (CDT) From: Mark Hansell/ Mai Hansheng Subject: "The City" 8) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 20:43:53 MET From: hartmut@ruc.dk (Hartmut Haberland) Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names 9) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 12:43 EDT From: dwight tuinstra Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 10:21 CST From: AIMMELMAN%TINY@MSUS1.MSUS.EDU Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names Michael Kac writes: >In outstate Minnesota the Twin Cities metropolitan area is commonly >referred to as The Cities. sowa@watson.ibm.com writes: >It's common for every big city to be called "The City" by people who >live nearby. In New York, "The City" tends to mean Manhattan, even >for people who live in the other boroughs. My spouse, who grew up in Rochester, NY, still refers to New York City as "The City." But when she says "The Cities" (plural) she means the Minneapolis-St. Paul metropolitan area (we live about 75 miles from the Twin Cities). In central Minnesota "The U" refers to the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities. In South Africa, where I used to live, the southeastern coastal city of Port Elizabeth is commonly referred to in Afrikaans as "Die Baai," however I have never heard anyone use its English equivalent, "The Bay." I understand the Xhosa name for Port Elizabeth is "iBayhi" (?sp), and that Johannesburg is often referred to as "iGoli" (?the gold). Aubrey Immelman Department of Psychology Internet: aimmelman@csbsju.edu Saint John's University Phone: (612) 363-3198(w) or 654-6007(h) Collegeville, MN 56321 Fax: (612) 363-3202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 13:29:42 EST From: Brian D Joseph Subject: Posting for LINGUIST To follow up on the discussion in 3.918ff. on elliptical place names with a definite article and especially William Dowling's observation concerning "in-group" status associated with the ellipsis, let me offer an anecdote my father loved to tell. A New Yorker, he went to college at McGill in Montreal, and upon arriving was waiting in a line when he overheard someone near him say that he was from "the Island"; my father said to him "Oh, you're from Long Island? I'm from New York" and the other guy responded "Long Island? No, I'm from Prince Edward Island. What the hell other island is there?" Regarding the etymology of Istanbul from Greek eis ten poli, I agree that that is the accepted etymology and in some ways the obvious one, there being parallels for place names elsewhere incorporating the preposition, but I should point out that it is not uniformly accepted by all scholars of toponyms and onomastics. I recall an article by Demetrius Georgacas (though I cannot for the life of me recover the source), who knew about as much about Modern Greek place names as anyone in the world, disputing this "obvious" etymology for Istanbul, at least in the way it is usually presented (for instance, treating the name Istanbul as deriving from a reduction of the full name Constantinople (in Greek pronunciation, roughly konstandinu'poli(s)), though it involves some perhaps gratuitous assumptions about the proceses of reduction, gives a source for the -a- vocalism in Istanbul). If I can track down the Georgacas reference, I will post it. --Brian Joseph (Ohio State University, or, as it is officially known around here, The Ohio State University, another can of worms that many LINGUIST readers are familiar with from their own institutions). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 22:54:48 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: Re: [3.929 Articles and Names] I haven't been paying special attention to the discussion. As an interested bystander, could I point out the familiar/pejorative use of article with name in French, e.g. la Marie, le Jean, le pe\re Goriot? And has anyone commented on the North American "the John"? Regards Bill Bennett -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:41:38 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Articles and Names Yet another bean for the pot... Sunday morning I encountered the following phrase on NPR: "...warships entering the territorial waters of the former Yugoslavia..." The crypto-perfective adjective "former" obviously seemed to call for an article to form a definite NP. This is probably akin to the phenomenon in "The Lowlands", "The Fenlands", and "The Netherlands". More generally, it seems to apply to any place name with more than one word (perceived to be) in it. Hence "The Yucatan (Peninsula)", "The Yukon (Territory)", etc. Is there a term referring to the gradual withering of such head nouns? They seem to decay into traces, leaving behind only the article that once introduced the full phrase. How about Cheshire nouns? -John Lawler University of Michigan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 13:21:41 EST From: "Ellen F. Prince" Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names >From: frnk301!frnk405!will@uunet.UU.NET (William Dowling) >Subject: Articles in place names, highway names > >Re The 405 (etc.): The definite article can serve as an in-group marker (this >must be a consequence of something Grice said.) If in fact there is more >than one city we might be talking about, and I say "the city," you've got to >be in my group to know what I'm talking about. Someone commented that the >definite article in this context sounded "trendy." Cf. rowers at Oxford >referring to "the race", etc. as one who grew up in brooklyn, where _the city_ was used to denote manhattan, i wonder exactly *who* the term was supposed to be an in-group marker *for*. perhaps for some anthropologist/linguist observing our quaint ways, but certainly not for us, where there was no 'out-group' to distinguish ourselves from. of course, there was no other possible city to be referring to in our domain of discourse (newark?!?) and it was no more a 'marker' than, say, _the Statue of Liberty_ or _the Lower East Side_ or _the zoo_. just because some item isn't transparently clear to an outside observer doesn't mean that the insider's purpose in using that item is to distinguish insiders from outsiders. a related term, but one lacking an article, is _downtown_. for brooklynites, _downtown_ tout court is manhattan and _downtown brooklyn_ is an area of brooklyn. once in manhattan, one distinguishes _downtown_, _midtown_, and _uptown_ as areas of that borough, but, from the point of view of brooklyn, all of manhattan is _downtown_. as a small child, i was very perplexed that i had to take the _uptown_ subway to go _downtown_ or to _downtown brooklyn_ (since both were in fact north of my neighborhood) and the _downtown_ subway to come back home, but then i learned, as a good little new yorker, that the point of reference was manhattan, not brooklyn, and that what's relevant with subways is the direction, not destination. life is complicated. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 16:32:31 EDT From: H. Stephen Straight Subject: Articles in Names: A Minimal Pair "Yucatan" = the state of Yucatan, Mexico "The Yucatan" = the peninsula of Yucatan (comprising the states of Campeche, Yucatan, and Quintana Roo, plus Belize and parts of Guatemala and Chiapas However, people using the latter term, an abbreviation of "The Yucatan Peninsula", will occasionally be chastised for doing so. The complaint has never been articulated clearly to me by any of the chastisers, but I gather (from previous poostings on this topic here) that it is a mixture of colonialist (The Philippines) and peripheralist (The Ukraine) connotations that offends. There's also, of course, "The Outback" and "The Yukon" and "The Everglades" to convey a mysteriouus, uncharted quality to the construction. H. Stephen Straight, Binghamton University or 607-777-2824 FAX: 607-777-2477 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Date: 24 Nov 1992 21:32:32 -0500 (CDT) From: Mark Hansell/ Mai Hansheng Subject: "The City" Here in Minnesota, of course, it's always "the cities". -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 20:43:53 MET From: hartmut@ruc.dk (Hartmut Haberland) Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names I'm afraid that the story about Istambul having been derived from 'is tim boli' is a hoax, although I have seen the story many places. The most obvious problem with it is explanation of the 'a' in Istambul (where the Greek phrase has an 'i'). It doesn't help to invoke Greek dialects (like Dorian) that had an a in the article, since they were not spoken in the relvant areas and certainly not at the relevant time. I don't have the details here (but can try to retrace them if somebody is interested), but I saw another etymology which claims to get the Turkish-internal facts right as well, and which derived Istambul from Konstandinupoli > Stanpuli > Stambuli > I + stambul (prothetic) which seems to make more sense. (Konstandinuoli is the Modern Greek pronunciation of Constantinople.) Of course, Istambul or Constantinople is still called 'i Poli', the city, by Greeks today. I also like the minimal pair politiko/s 'civil, political' with stress on the ultimate, vs. poli/tikos 'of the City, like in Constantinople' (often found on Greek tavern menus; penultimate stress). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 12:43 EDT From: dwight tuinstra Subject: Re: 3.929 Articles and Names Ever listen to Handel's "Messiah"? No, no one has. It's Handel's "The Messiah". Also, re redundant place names: in the Adirondack Park, one can find highway signs reading "Lake Placid Lake". I seem to recall another saying "Lake Saranac Lake". I tried asking some residents about local usage, but what I got was an explanation about the geography -- in each case, the lake in question is outside the village. The lake(s) in the village have other names. I doubt if locals use the redundant names, but I wonder about the many tourists -- especially those not familiar with English. --dwight tuinstra -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-932. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-933. Wed 25 Nov 1992. Lines: 67 Subject: 3.933 History of English, Humor Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 14:14:17 +0400 (AST) From: Robert Thiel Subject: History of English texts:info & thanks 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 11:48:54 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: human chain -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 14:14:17 +0400 (AST) From: Robert Thiel Subject: History of English texts:info & thanks Thanks to all those who responded to my request re new textbooks for a course I'll be giving in History of English Language. I had several requests from other members asking that I post the results. The three texts mentioned the most are those by History of Eng Lang, Baugh & Cable, Prentice-Hall Origins & Development of Eng Lang, Harcourt Brace Biography of Eng Lang, Millward, Holt Reinhardt The majority seemed to favor Millward's text. Robert Thiel Internet: thielr@umoncton.ca Universite de Moncton Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 23 Nov 92 11:48:54 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: human chain A bit of humor. The following from yesterday's Boston Sunday Globe struck my funnybone: Much was removed from the castle by a human chain of staff, soldiers and Prince Andrew . . . My perverse imagination labors in vain to come up with a plausible way that the Prince could have been dispersed and distributed along the chain as the members of "staff" and "soldiers" were, hence the humor. Bruce Nevin bn@bbn.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-933. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-934. Wed 25 Nov 1992. Lines: 116 Subject: 3.934 Queries: Causative/Passive, Rap Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 16:31:02 PST From: michael toolan Subject: whole nine yards 2) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 13:25 PDT From: HSLAPOLLA@TWNAS886.BitNet Subject: causative/passive 3) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 11:38:27 +0100 From: stenstroem@hf.uib.no Subject: rap music 4) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 17:26:28 GMT From: AL0017P@prime1.huddersfield.ac.uk Subject: Looking for a book in the UK 5) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 10:53:26 EST From: Randy Allen Harris Subject: Query: linguistics by correspondence -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 16:31:02 PST From: michael toolan Subject: whole nine yards Can anyone explain to me where 'the whole nine yards' comes from? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 13:25 PDT From: HSLAPOLLA@TWNAS886.BitNet Subject: causative/passive In some Chinese dialects and other languages in South-east China, it seems the word for 'give' has grammaticalized not only into a benefactive marker, but a "passive" and causative marker as well. Can anyone give me references to specific articles that talk about other languages where the causative and the passive constructions use the same morpheme? Thanks! Randy LaPolla Institute of History & Philology Academia Sinica -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 1992 11:38:27 +0100 From: stenstroem@hf.uib.no Subject: rap music If you know of anybody who has written about or anything written about the language of rapping, please let me know. A-B Stenstrom stenstroem@hf.uib.no -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 17:26:28 GMT From: AL0017P@prime1.huddersfield.ac.uk Subject: Looking for a book in the UK Calling UK subscribers only I'm trying to get hold of a copy of the following book: Halle, M., H.G. Lunt & H. McLean (eds). For Roman Jakobson. The Hague: Mouton. The British Library doesn't appear to have a copy. Does anyone know of a library which does? Please let me know. Thanks, Wiebke Brockhaus -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 10:53:26 EST From: Randy Allen Harris Subject: Query: linguistics by correspondence I have been drafted to teach a generative-based introduction to linguistics by correspondence, and would very much appreciate suggestions as to sources and advice on how to proceed. I have never taught (or whatever the appropriate verb is) any such course in the past, but I understand that my institution usually does so by way of tape-recorded lectures. There may also be some chance of incorporating videotape. Please contact me privately, and if anything of general interest turns up, I will post a summary to the bboard. Thanks very much. --Randy Harris, U of Waterloo -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-934. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-935. Sat 28 Nov 1992. Lines: 82 Subject: 3.935 Summary: Subphonemic Writing Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 16:02:24 EST From: salmons@mace.cc.purdue.edu (Joseph C. Salmons) Subject: Summary: Subphonemic writing -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 16:02:24 EST From: salmons@mace.cc.purdue.edu (Joseph C. Salmons) Subject: Summary: Subphonemic writing The considerable response to the query about subphonemic writing warrants a summary to the list. Examples and discussion came from Gene Buckley, Tucker Childs, Leo Connolly, John Cowan, Will Dowling, Alice Faber, Thomas Field, Brett Kessler, John Koontz, Mark Mandel, Geoff Nathan, Mary Niepokuj, David Stampe, Allan Wechsler, Neal Whitman. Thanks to all. This summary is very abbreviated but I hope not to have done violence to anybody's views. While the cases sent do involve writing of allophones, most are problematic on other fronts. For example, the best known case is that of the Sanskrit palatal nasal, which was written although it occurred only with palatals. Possible interfering factors include the role of phoneticians (Stampe), desire to preserve an archaic pronunciation for religious purposes (Nathan) and the phonemicization of the distinction in spoken varieties (Stampe). Parallel problems can be found elsewhere, e.g. Tiberian Hebrew marking of stop vs. fricative allophones by the dagesh, which may reflect efforts to preserve 'authentic' pronunciation for liturgical purposes and may have been introduced by non-natives (Faber). The most common complication, including above, is bilingualism (isn't it always?), e.g. where non-natives imported distinctions phonemic in their own languages into the writing of languages where these distinctions were allo- phonic. Such cases include Kisi (~, Childs), Fox (obstruent voicing, Stampe) and the 'romaji' system for Japanese (Cowan), etc. Similar but more complicated may be the case of Old High German, where scribes were native speakers of OHG, but trained/practiced in writing Latin. In some dialects, voicing was not distinctive but some lenis stops were marked for voice based on the scribes' Latin habits (Connolly). [My query arose from a set of claims by J. Voyles (in his '76 Phonology of OHG, '91 PBB article, etc.) that OHG scribes variably recorded a whole array of allophonic distinctions.] A system developed for Omaha by LaFlesche (a native speaker) includes some allophonic distinctions which may be connected to this same problem, with the additional twist that he was apparently influenced by earlier ortho- graphies developed by non-natives (Koontz). Two cases are considerably different. The first is Tigrinya writing (adapt- ed from the Geez syllabary), where [k]~[x] and [k']~[x'] are marked dia- critically although the fricatives derive from stops by regular postvocalic spirantization (Buckley). 'The different symbols do...serve a function in a particular context: since gemination is not marked, and geminate stops fail to spirantize, any [k] written after a vowel must be geminate.' This marking is an innovation vis a vis Geez. Based on what I've seen, this is the strong- est case for allophonic writing, although foreign influence apparently can't be entirely ruled out here. The second draws on Patricia Donegan's work (In press: 'On the phonetic basis of phonological change' Historical Linguistics, ed. Ch. Jones. Longmans) and moves beyond orthography to the definition of phoneme. Here's part of David Stampe's summary: 'Naive speakers from Baltimore say that _write_ and _ride_ "have different vowels, [6y] and [ay]". ...She suggests that in general an obligatory strengthening is phonemic, regardless of contrast.' Donegan follows Baudouin de Courtenay and Sapir in accepting 'that a phoneme is a speech sound that is perceptible and pronounceable on its own terms, rather than in terms of some other sound. ...Swadesh's 1934 article on how to use complementary distribution as an analytic technique begins by defining the phoneme perceptually, then gives the distributional method, but doesn't ask why the two should coincide. Donegan thinks they don't. If so, Stampe would expect that certain strengthened alternants would be among the "allophones" that have found a place in writing systems. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-935. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-936. Sat 28 Nov 1992. Lines: 96 Subject: 3.936 Ain't/Aren't Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 10:56:30 CST From: (Dennis Baron) Subject: ain't/aren't 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:37:48 -0500 Subject: Re: 3.930 Negatives: Too Many; Ain't From: John Hughes 3) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 11:56:43 GMT From: Alex Monaghan Subject: Re: 3.920 Queries: German, History of English, Am not I -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 10:56:30 CST From: (Dennis Baron) Subject: ain't/aren't I don't think the postbellum explanation is plausible. *Aren't I?* begins to draw attention in the early 20th c., when usage critics label it pretentious, ungrammatical, and in at least one case, "feminine." They all opt for *ain't I?* instead, if a contraction is required, though they would all preferred the uncontracted *Am I not?* The usage critics all condemn *ain't* when used with 2nd and 3rd pers., and plu., and they reject *amn't I?*, attributing it to black or Irish speakers. According to Webster's Dictionary of English Usage, which has a nice entry for this item, *aren't I?* is still occasionally questioned by today's usagists and usageasters. The present spelling apparently replaces the older spelling *an't*, once common in British drama. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 11:37:48 -0500 Subject: Re: 3.930 Negatives: Too Many; Ain't From: John Hughes Alan Harris writes, Re am not I vs. aren't I: >there was a supposition that i read once that this construction was a >postbellum, reconstruction period, white teacher (read elementary school) >response to the use of "ain't" In other words, anything in that period, >roughly 1865-85, that smacked of "black" should be expunged from the language >of learned individuals--at least that was the feeling. . . I seem to remember seeing somewhere (perhaps in the OED) that "ain't" is some sort of corruption of a contraction "an't" which is no longer in use. I believe it was never widely used in this country, even back to colonial times, when "ain't" and "an't" were both in existence in England, with "ain't" being (gasp) low class. What I don't remember is where "an't" came from; it seems equally likely that it's the contraction of "am not" with the m assimilated into the n, or (given current British pronunciation) "are not" with the r elided. But now I am nowhere near an OED (if that's even where I saw this in the first place...). The first alternative would answer the original post's question, however. John hughes@cis.udel.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 11:56:43 GMT From: Alex Monaghan Subject: Re: 3.920 Queries: German, History of English, Am not I i personally find "am not i" better than "are not i": i have never heard the latter, and the former is in common use in edinburgh. i would not say either, preferring "am i not" or "aren't i", but my scottish wife finds this last odd and uses "amn't i" instead. alex. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-936. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-937. Sat 28 Nov 1992. Lines: 84 Subject: 3.937 Assessing Remote Linguistic Relationships Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 12:55:57 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: assessing remote relationships 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 07:18:02 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: 3.917 Greenberg, Classification and Historical -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 12:55:57 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: assessing remote relationships Regarding assessment of claims of remote genetic relationship of languages with respect to chance resemblances, this weekend I received some correspondence from Bob Oswalt (who is not on the net). He sent me a photocopy of his 1991 paper on his computer program for this purpose, which I believe is discussed in Don Ringe's monograph (which I haven't seen yet). Bob's paper: Oswalt, Robert L. 1991. A method for assessing distant linguistic relationships. In _Sprung from Some Common Source: investigations into the prehistory of languages_, ed. by Sydney M. Lamb and E. Douglas Mitchell, Stanford: Stanford University Press. In his letter, Bob refers to "a considerable literature on the estimation of chance resemblances -- and the nonestimation, just assuming chance resemblances are small." There is reason to hope that he may soon write a comprehensive survey article on the subject, possibly in _Current Anthropology_ (where he has published some comments on distant relationships proposed by others in _CA_). Among the references in the 1991 paper is: Oswalt, R. L. 1970. The detection of remote linguistic relationships. _Computer studies in the humanities and verbal behavior_ 3: 117-129. In his letter, bob says that this is a condensation of the one submitted to _Language_ in 1965, which was an elaboration of a talk given in 1962 to the Berkeley Linguistics Group. He mentions two articles in the Proceedings of the Hokan-Penutian Conference, but I don't have those citations at hand. Bruce Nevin bn@bbn.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 07:18:02 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: 3.917 Greenberg, Classification and Historical STEVEROY@IDUI1.CSRV.UIDAHO.EDU suggests that Greenberg and Ruhlen may be claiming that "that "basic vocabulary" is somehow more resistant to regular sound changes that over the very long time have obscured the historical relationships than other words are." However, that is not the case. Instead, they argue (or at least Greenberg does) that instead of precise correspondences it is enough if you establish broad resemblances (i.e., correspondences between sets of sounds, is what it seems to amount to). In principle, there is nothing wrong with THIS idea, although I would argue that he has not carried it out correctly. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-937. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-938. Sun 29 Nov 1992. Lines: 100 Subject: 3.938 Queries: Transtemporal; Canine; Spanish; Renumber Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 11:03:34 +0100 From: Stephen P Spackman Subject: Trans-temporal reference? 2) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 22:39:06 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Human-Canine Communication 3) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 11:43:09 MST From: Subject: Spanish corpora 4) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 13:50:44 -0500 From: Josep M Fontana Subject: RENUMBER software -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 11:03:34 +0100 From: Stephen P Spackman Subject: Trans-temporal reference? (Discussing articles in names,) John Lawler wrote in LINGUIST 3.932: |Sunday morning I encountered the following phrase on NPR: | "...warships entering the territorial waters of the former | Yugoslavia..." Does this phrase have an interpretation not involving time-travel? How does it work? Do other readers have the same difficulty I have with it? Am I relying on domain knowledge that only extant states can claim territorial waters, or is the source of my confusion directly linguistic? And is this, or is this not, the same as "warships entering the former territorial waters of Yugoslavia"? ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 25 Nov 92 22:39:06 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Human-Canine Communication Are there any serious studies of what human phonetic distinctions are audible to dogs? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 11:43:09 MST From: Subject: Spanish corpora Does anyone know of any databases of Spanish corpora and how I could access them? Thanks! Sheryl (scoleman@vm.ucs.ualberta.ca) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 13:50:44 -0500 From: Josep M Fontana Subject: RENUMBER software Hi, is there anybody out there using the program called 'renumber'? I was trying an old version that a friend passed me and it messed up the files I used for testing it (large chunks of the file were missing after I passed it through renumber). I think this may be due to the fact that these files contained some graphics in them. The question is, is there any newer version of this program that can work with Word Perfect 5.1 files and not get me in the kind of problem I am describing? I would appreciate your help very much, thanks. --Josep M. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-938. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-939. Sun 29 Nov 1992. Lines: 188 Subject: 3.939 Articles and Names Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 1992 09:32:56 +0000 From: Patrick John Coppock Subject: 3.932 Articles and Names 2) Date: 26 Nov 1992 10:50:39 -0400 (EDT) From: no chive Subject: Re: 3.932 Articles and Names 3) Date: Fri, 27 Nov 92 09:56:23 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: articles and names 4) Date: 27 Nov 1992 11:20:06 -0600 (CST) From: "Megan Crowhurst - lify461.utxvms.cc.utexas.edu" Subject: Place names, "The Island" 5) Date: 27 Nov 1992 11:22:21 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: Where is The Midwest? 6) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 12:22 EST From: "Dennis.Preston" <22709MGR@msu.edu> Subject: 3.929 Articles and Names -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 1992 09:32:56 +0000 From: Patrick John Coppock Subject: 3.932 Articles and Names Apropos articles and place-names...... In Norway, lakes are generally referred to by use of the definite article, i.e. by use of a suffix (-en, -a, -et, -ene (pl.)). For example Lake Femund is referred to as Femunden, Lake Mjoesa as Mjoesa. This seems to apply to both large lakes (like Femund) and even small lakes or tarns (e.g. Vintervannet, Syltjoenna, Damtjoenna). The same is also the case for fjords (examples of this are Sognefjorden, Trondheimsfjorden) and valleys (Numedalen, Gudbrandsdalen). In the case of mountains, individual peaks are sometimes referred to without the definite article as in the case of Glitter tind, but most often with the definite article (e.g. Syltoppen, Galdhoepiggen), and names of ranges or mountain plateaus follow this convention too (e.g. Dovrefjell, but also Jotunheimen (sing.) and Rondane (pl.)). Concerning _the city_, this usage seems to have to do with _in-group_ marking, or at least som kind of territorial closeness principle. People from the whole of the Trondheim region will generally say *I am going to the city* (*Jeg skal til byen*) when th ey intend to travel in to Trondheim, which is the largest city in the region, but would mostly use the name of the town or district in its indefinite form in the case of other towns or districts than Trondheim. For instance, if talking about the town of Ro eros, one might say *I am going to Roeros tomorrow* in this way: *Jeg skal reise til Roeros i morgen*. Another phenomenon in certain dialects in Norway is the use of the definite article to refer to certain (well known? to both conversational pertners) persons in an _affectionate_ or joking way e.g.: *Kjell'en er en grei kar* (lit. *(The) Kjell is a nice guy*). This only seems to work with a few names though, and is perhaps more of a kind of _rhyming slang_ variant. In my experience, this is a phenomenen mostly associated with the Bergen dialect. pat coppock dept of applied linguistics university of trondheim avh n-7055 dragvoll norway patCoppock@avh.unit.no -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 26 Nov 1992 10:50:39 -0400 (EDT) From: no chive Subject: Re: 3.932 Articles and Names In response to Dwight Tuinstra, it *is* Handel's "Messiah," at least for musicians. Handel scholars are adamant on this point. Susan Fischer -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 27 Nov 92 09:56:23 EST From: Ian MacKay Subject: articles and names Brian Joseph's recent posting mentions in passing that his institution is properly called THE Ohio State University. This usage is perceived as snobbish by many persons elsewhere in the state (who have, by the way, considerable respect for the instituition and its staff; indeed a bit of envy just might be involved). At any rate, I was at the University of Cincinnati when it became a state institution. A number of faculty at U. Cincinnati took to calling the great institution in Columbus "AN Ohio State University". The name has stuck in certain quarters. Lest anyone think that this posting is intended as a slight on Ohio State (and because I can't think of any other excuse), I will relate a mischievous variant on the name of my institution (though the definite article is not involved)."University of Ottawa" is colloquially reduced to "U of O" in speech. Persons associated with the other university in town, Carleton U, delight in reading this abbreviation as "U of Zero". Ian MacKay (IMACKAY@acadvm1.uottawa.CA) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 27 Nov 1992 11:20:06 -0600 (CST) From: "Megan Crowhurst - lify461.utxvms.cc.utexas.edu" Subject: Place names, "The Island" A Canadian in Brian Joseph's story: > "...Long Island? No, I'm from Prince Edward Island. > What the hell other island is there?" These easterners, I tell ya! Any British Columbian knows that "The Island" is Vancouver Island. Interestingly, the many little islands between "The Island" and "The Mainland" (meaning Vancouver, for me) are called by the first part of their names, without adding "Island". Thus, Galliano Island and Salt Spring Island, for ex., are called "Galliano" and "Salt Spring", even by people who live there. Megan Crowhurst LIFY461@utxvms.cc.utexas.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: 27 Nov 1992 11:22:21 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Kac Subject: Where is The Midwest? A LINGUIST correspondent writing from Ottawa refers to Ohio as part of the American (i.e. U.S.) midwest. My experience suggests that this is a relative term: as one who grew up in New York State, I thought of Ohio as in the midwest until I moved to California, from whose vantage point Ohio is definitely part of 'back east'. (But then I think a lot of Californians think of Denver as 'back east' too.) And in Minnesota, where I now reside, Ohio does not seem to be considered part of the midwest. I'm interested in where the crucial reference points are, and here's a working hypothesis. If you come from Pittsburgh or points east, the midwest begins with Ohio. If you are from west of the Mississippi, the midwest ends at the Illinois-Indiana border. But it would be interesting to hear from people in different parts of the country about where, relative to their own locations, the boundaries of the midwest are. There are similar issues that arise in regard to where the west begins. Calvin Trillin (who gets referred to occasionally on this net) once wrote a piece in The New Yorker about the rivalry between St. Louis and Kansas City as to which place gets to call itself the gateway to the west. The issue from Trillin's point of view (he's from KC) is this: is St. Louis the westernmost eastern city or the easternmost western city? This in turn gave rise to a proposal as to how to operationalize the predicate 'eastern city'. As I re- call he posited three conditions all of which had to be satisfied and whose joint satisfaction qualified any city as eastern: first, no member of the city council wears white patent leather shoes (and that eliminates Minneapolis right there, you betcha!); second, the evening meal is called dinner (again, Minneapolis is right out of there); and third, that there are at least three places within the city limits where you can buy pastrami (don't know how Minneapolis fares in this regard -- I don't like pastrami). Anyone interested in joining the fray on these or related issues is welcome to contact me directly. I'll summarize to the list if the results end up being interesting. Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Sun, 29 Nov 92 12:22 EST From: "Dennis.Preston" <22709MGR@msu.edu> Subject: 3.929 Articles and Names I do not doubt the influence of many of the interesting hypotheses given concerning English articles and place-names, but is there not lurking somewhere another stress and/or vowel quality (or stress pattern) influence? Compare The Argentine with Argentina The Ukraine with *Ukrania The Congo with *The Kenya I suspect a part of the action may rest here (and may have something to do with at least] the perceived morphological status of the ending'). Dennis Preston -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-939. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-940. Sun 29 Nov 1992. Lines: 55 Subject: 3.940 Summary: River-Names, other names Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 27 Nov 1992 14:39:21+1300 From: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Subject: placenames and 'the': summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 27 Nov 1992 14:39:21+1300 From: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Subject: placenames and 'the': summary Since I originally suggested a dichotomy between river names (requiring 'the') and mountain and lake names (eschewing it), I've had a deluge of replies, but no startling new insights. Several people pointed out that mountain *ranges* regularly do take 'the' (the Rockies, the Himalayas etc.), and there are a few anomalous individual mountains (e.g. the Matterhorn). I'm not qualified to get into the question of US freeway names, but, apart from that, a few subregularities emerge: (1) Descriptive phrases used as proper names usually take 'the' (e.g. the Great Salt Lake, the South Island (of New Zealand)). Especially common are ones of the form 'the X of Y' (the Bay of Biscay, the Mount of Olives, the Lake of Menteith etc.). (2) 'The' may be a mark of in-group language, as in mountaineers' names for particular peaks. (3) Abbreviated placenames with 'the' are a particular feature of Australian English (e.g. the Alice = Alice Springs, the 'Gong = Wollongong) (thanks to David Nash for this). (3) 'The' with country and province names (the Ukraine, the Yukon, the Lebanon) may be a mark of remoteness, frontier status, colonial status or whatever. The only generalisation which seems to emerge is that the more the place is talked about, the more likely the article is to drop. Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Department of Linguistics, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Phone +64-3-364 2211; home phone +64-3-355 5108 Fax +64-3-364 2065 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-940. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-941. Sun 29 Nov 1992. Lines: 77 Subject: 3.941 Hangul Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 19:38:51 EDT From: Young-Key Kim-Renaud Subject: Re: 3.927 Hangul 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 14:24:53 +0100 From: HASPELMATH@philologie.fu-berlin.dbp.de Subject: World Linguistics Day -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 92 19:38:51 EDT From: Young-Key Kim-Renaud Subject: Re: 3.927 Hangul The spelling "Hangul" is a modified version of McCune-Reischauer romanization. The second vowel is indeed a high back unrounded vowel which is often described by a barred i by phonologists but by the letter u with a lower half of a circle above it by M-R. The word should be spelled at least with an apostrophe or a hyphen to prevent the wrong syllable division of Hang-ul, with a totally dif- ferent result. It is true that the spelling Han'gullal is closer to the actual pronunciation, although the underlying form is Han'gul followed by the word Nal It is indeed the form adopted by the McCune-Reischauer system of romanization. Y.-K. Kim-Renaud P.S.) Actually the convention by McCune-Reischuer users dictates that the Korean alphabet day be spelled , that is, write the string as two words with a space in between and specifying the underlying form of the first sound of the second word. Y.-K. Kim-Renaud. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 24 Nov 1992 14:24:53 +0100 From: HASPELMATH@philologie.fu-berlin.dbp.de Subject: World Linguistics Day After suggesting a while ago that we celebrate October 9th, the day of the Korean alphabet (Hangul Day), as World Linguistics Day, I got a couple of messages that objected that the day of the creation of the Korean alphabet is no more universal than, e.g., Pentecost (the Christian holiday celebrating the coming of the Holy Spirit and the speaking in tongues by Christ's disciples). But one does not have to see the creation of the Korean alphabet primarily as an achievement of the Korean nation, but as an achievement of linguistic science, which is universal by definition. To be sure, there are other great achievements of linguistic science, e.g. the creation of speech- based writing, the creation of segment-based alphabets, Humboldt's "Ueber die Verschiedenheit des menschlichen Sprachbaus", Chomsky's "A minimalist program for linguistic theory", etc. But for the earlier great events in the history of linguistics, those on which the dust has settled, exact dates are not known. In addition, the (sad) fact that the (South) Korean government has just abolished Hangul Day makes it less of a primarily national holiday. (What about North Korea, by the way?) Incidentally, I just found out that there is another country where the creation of the alphabet is celebrated as a national holiday: in Bulgaria, May 24th is the Day of Slavic Writing (in the 9th century, St. Cyrill and St. Method created the first Slavic written language and created the Glagolitic alphabet, whose structure, but not the form of the letters, is based on the Greek alphabet). Martin Haspelmath, Free University of Berlin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-941. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-942. Tue 01 Dec 1992. Lines: 57 Subject: 3.942 Call for Members: AAAS Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 30 Nov 1992 16:16:29 -0500 (EST) From: The Linguistic Society of America Subject: AAAS, Section Z -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 30 Nov 1992 16:16:29 -0500 (EST) From: The Linguistic Society of America Subject: AAAS, Section Z Last February, the American Association for the Advancement of Science gave provisional status to a new section, "Linguistics and the Language Sciences." If the membership of the section totals 400 on or before February 1995, the provisional status will be removed. To date, very few individuals have actually joined AAAS specifying that they want Section Z: Linguistics and the Language Sciences, as their primary affiliation. Should you wish to join, membership applications are available from AAAS, 1333 H St., NW, Washington, DC 20005; (202)326-6430. Membership costs $85.00 per year, and includes a subscription to the weekly journal Science. If you are already a member of AAAS, you are urged to select Section Z as one of the three electorates you are permitted. Although AAAS does not have a bitnet or internet address, you may send your request via facsimile to (202) 842-1065, or you may call at (202) 326-6430. If we do not build up section membership, Section Z will not be permitted to hold section meetings and elections of officers, which is critical now if the new section is to survive and develop. We would be glad to have any ideas you might have which could help us in building this new section. It took generations to get linguistics recognized as a science in the AAAS. Your support and help is therefore essential. Arnold Zwicky, LSA President Frederick J. Newmeyer, LSA Secretary-Treasurer Barbara Lust, LSA Delegate, AAAS Section Z -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-942. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-943. Tue 01 Dec 1992. Lines: 67 Subject: 3.943 Jobs: ESL, Hausa Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 23:17:08 EST From: AAHNY@CUNYVM.bitnet Subject: Job: Fairleigh Dickinson University 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 10:23:59 CST From: Frances Ingemann Subject: Hausa position -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 23:17:08 EST From: AAHNY@CUNYVM.bitnet Subject: Job: Fairleigh Dickinson University Anyone who is considering applying for the job in ESL / Linguistics at Fair- leigh Dickinson University, advertised recently in the New York Times, should contact Alan Huffman for important information about this posi- tion. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 10:23:59 CST From: Frances Ingemann Subject: Hausa position H A U S A The University of Kansas is looking for an Assistant Professor (tenure track) to teach Hausa beginning August 17, 1993. Short description of the position is given below. Further information can be obtained from Arthur Drayton at the address below. Assistant Professor of African Languages. Tenure-track. PhD in Linguistics, Literature or Language Pedagogy. Specialization and demonstrated commit- ment to research in Hausa. Native or near-native proficiency in Hausa and fluency in English. Preferred qualifications: Hausa teaching experience in the U.S. Training or experience in curriculum development, second language pedagogy and testing, computer-aided instruction, and super- vision. Additional competence in another African language. Responsibil- ities include teaching Hausa at all levels. Salary range $30,000 to $35,00. Send letter of application, vita, name, address and telephone number of up to 5 referees to Arthur Drayton, Chair African and African-American Studies 104 Lippincott Hall University of Kansas Lawrence, KS 66045-2107 Telephone: 913 864-3054 Deadline for receipt of application: January 20, 1993. An EO/AA employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-943. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-945. Tue 01 Dec 1992. Lines: 267 Subject: 3.945 Survey: Modern Greek Corpora Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 13:52:19 GMT From: Dionysis Goutsos Subject: Survey of Modern Greek corpora -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 13:52:19 GMT From: Dionysis Goutsos Subject: Survey of Modern Greek corpora Postal address: School of English University of Birmingham Birmingham B15 2TT UK fax: (int +) 44 21 414 3600 e-mail: goutsosd@uk.ac.birmingham 27 November 1992 Dear Colleague, We have recently become aware of the lack of communication between researchers on Modern Greek and the need for exchange of information, and so we are taking the initiative to distribute this survey of machine-readable corpora of Modern Greek. Its aim is to collect information about the nature and structure of collections of text in machine-readable form and the specifications of hardware and software tools. This information will be available to interested researchers and is intended to provide a basis for discussion and exchange of information on the future of Modern Greek corpora. By corpus, we mean broadly a text collection, comprising texts to be studied individually, not linked in any coordinated way, collected works of an author, texts selected to study a particular author, textbanks, databases or bibliographies. If you are not personally involved in the compilation of such a machine- readable corpus, could you pass the survey to others or suggest their names to us. We would hope to complete the results of the survey by March 1993; depending on the extent of the response we may come back to you for more detail. We would like to thank you in advance for your help and we'd be happy to hear any suggestions from you. Dionysis Goutsos Rania Hatzidaki Philip King Modern Greek Corpus Initiative Survey of machine-readable corpora of Modern Greek A. CORPUS PROFILE A1. By what name is the corpus known? A2. Who compiled the corpus? A3. Where was it compiled? (Institution) A4. Contact Address Telephone Fax E-mail A5. When did the compilation start? A6. What was the incentive for starting the compilation? B. COMPUTER FACILITIES AND SOFTWARE B1. How are texts entered? (word-processor, text-editor, typesetting tapes, optical scanning, other) B2. How is the corpus stored and in what format? B2.1.What computer facilities do you use? (IBM Personal Computer or compatible, Apple Macintosh - workstation - mainframe) B2.2. What software do you use for corpus processing? (please specify item and function: word frequency, concordancing of selected items etc.) B2.3. Do you use ready-made or customized software? B2.4. If you use your own software, which programming language do you use? B3. How do you handle the special problem of Greek characters? - in input processing - in screen output - in printing B4. Do you have software for linguistic annotation (tagging, parsing, lemmatization)? If yes, specify C. TEXT DETAILS C1. How was the text acquired? C2. How is the corpus organized? C3. Can you give some details of the content? C3.1. Written texts: C3.1.1. What genres are included in your collection? C3.1.2. What are the media of the original texts? (printed book, periodical, manuscript, ephemera, other) C3.1.3. Do you encode typographic and layout information? If so, specify C3.2. Spoken texts (transcriptions): C3.2.1. What genres are included in your collection? C3.2.2. What is the medium of the original source? (TV, radio, telephone, direct: talk, conversation, other) C3.2.3. Is the material spontaneous or not, surreptitious or not? C3.2.4. Do you encode information about speakers (e.g. age, sex) or about the recording? C3.2.5. What transcription system do you use? (phonetic, phonological, enhanced orthographical, orthographical) C4. What period do the texts in the corpus represent? from _____________ to ____________ C5. What is the total amount of data stored in your collection? - in bytes - in words - in minutes of spoken text recording C6. What use is made of the corpus? (specify, where appropriate) - to build up a multifunctional linguistic corpus - for lexicographic purposes - for literary research - for stylistic research - for preparation of a scholarly edition - for research in linguistics - for research in language learning/ teaching - for commercial applications - for natural language processing applications - other C7. Is it available to other interested parties? If so, under what conditions? D. VIEWS AND PERSPECTIVES: D1. Do you plan any changes in the composition of your corpus? D2. Are you planning to develop new text-handling software? D3. Are there any specialized areas of Modern Greek for which a corpus approach would be particularly useful? D4.1. What are your views on the development of a general corpus of Modern Greek (such as the Brown Corpus of English or the Birmingham English Corpus)? D4.2. What would you consider to be the optimal size of it? D5. Do you prefer a 'clean text' strategy (i.e. plain orthographic files) as opposed to annotated, phonologically coded, parsed etc. text? D6. Do you think that multilingual corpora or corpora containing 'parallel texts' are needed? D7. Do you have any other views on the development of Modern Greek corpora and software for processing them? E. PUBLICATIONS: Please list any publications that you are aware of that were based on the electronic text you describe -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-945. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-946. Wed 02 Dec 1992. Lines: 52 Subject: 3.946 Diacritics Summary Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 11:24:02 +1300 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz Subject: Diacritics: Summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 11:24:02 +1300 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz Subject: Diacritics: Summary I recently posted a query to the list about diacritics. This is a summary of the responses I received. Thanks to: Geoff Husic, Stavros Macrakis (citing also work by J. W. van Wingen and Ed Hart of Johns Hopkins University, ), Jim Critz, and David Harnick-Shapiro for responses. It appears that diacritics are governed by ISO standards, the ones that have been cited being: ISO 10646, ISO 6937. I have not checked these myself at this stage. The following bibliography was cited: H. F. Wendt, Fischer Lexikon Sprachen, Frankfurt am Main, 1961 R. S. Gilyarevskiy & V. S. Grivnin, Opredelitel' Yazikov Mira po Pis'mennostyam, Moskwa, 1961 A. Nakanishi, Writing Systems of the World, Rutland, Vermont, 1980 Teach Yourself books series De spelling van de Nederlandse taal, den Haag, 1975 A Magyar Helyes/ir/as Szab/alyai, Budapest, 1987 The Unicode Standard, Vol. 1, published by Addison-Wesley Publishers. If your Computer Science Department or library do not have it, a local technical bookstore should have it or be able to order it for you. (Vol. 2 deals with ideographic character sets.) Finally, reference was made to: ALA_LC Romanization tables, which gives tranliterations for non-Roman script languages and therefore necessarily discusses diacritics. Laurie Bauer BauerL@matai.vuw.ac.nz Wellington, New Zealand -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-946. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-947. Wed 02 Dec 1992. Lines: 172 Subject: 3.947 Articles Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 30 Nov 1992 09:39:15 -0700 (MST) From: ParkinsonD@byu.edu Subject: articles and university names 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 11:47:48 EST From: mark Subject: Re 3.929 Articles and Names 3) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 17:46 PST From: benji wald Subject: Re: 3.932 Articles and Names 4) Date: 01 Dec 1992 10:17:10 +0800 From: MATTHEWS@HKUCC.bitnet Subject: Re: 3.939 Articles and Names 5) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 23:33:44 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: definitized Christian names 6) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 10:36:51 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@uunet.UU.NET (John Cowan) Subject: the former Yugoslavia -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 30 Nov 1992 09:39:15 -0700 (MST) From: ParkinsonD@byu.edu Subject: articles and university names As far as I know, Brigham Young University is never referred to with the article, but it is quite common for locals in Provo to refer to the institution as "the BYU". Perhaps this is by analogy with "the U of U" and other institutions where the article appears in the name of the institution in the first place. Do other institution names show similar anomolies? Dil Parkinson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 11:47:48 EST From: mark Subject: Re 3.929 Articles and Names It's not just musicians who call it "Handel's 'Messiah'". I recall a columnist, years ago, who would occasionally publish a (purported) dialogue with "my friend 'Handles' Messiah, the professional pallbearer". The joke would've been lost if readers normally used the article in naming the oratorio. Of course Handel titled it "*The* Messiah", or whatever in German ("Der Messias"?), but English only allows one determiner to an NP. If "Handel's" is in, "The" is out, unless you pause to provide an intonational frame corresponding to the quotation marks and capital letters. Mark A. Mandel Dragon Systems, Inc. : speech recognition : +1 617 965-5200 320 Nevada St. : Newton, Mass. 02160, USA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 92 17:46 PST From: benji wald Subject: Re: 3.932 Articles and Names Bill Bennett noted on 24 Nov that French uses the article with personal names for pejoration. I have noticed that the article is commonly used not only in French, but also in Spanish and German with personal names. Pejoration does not seem to be a necessary connotation, sometimes familiarity or intimacy seems more likely. In any case, I assume that such use of the article is common in Western European languages. The most I have been able to find out from casual questioning is that speakers of these languages tend to consider it nonstandard. If some readers of this posting are more familiar with the purpose of this use of the article in continental West European languages, I and no doubt other readers here would be interested in hearing. Recall that Greek has long used the article with personal names. The generalisation of the article to more and more contexts is a familiar process. However, the issue at hand is what speakers make of the variation between use and nonuse at present in French, Spanish, German, .... Benji Wald -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 01 Dec 1992 10:17:10 +0800 From: MATTHEWS@HKUCC.bitnet Subject: Re: 3.939 Articles and Names Here at the University of Hong Kong we have recently had a team of consultants at work to revamp our image for the '90s, at considerable expense. One of their prime recommendations: always use the article, as in THE University of Hong Kong. All stationery has been redesigned in accordance with the New Image and we are enjoined not to drop the article, having acquired it at a price. The example could be used in a semantics/pragmatics course, as the intention is clearly to imply a spurious uniqueness in the face of competition from two other universities in Hong Kong... Steve Matthews -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 23:33:44 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: definitized Christian names In connection with the recent discussion of the use of articles with place names and other proper nouns, Bill Bennett (3.932) and Pat Coppock (3.939) have mentioned the use of articles or other determiners or 'definitizers' with the names of individual human beings. This reminds me that, in Southern Germany (my ancestors' homeland, to which i have occasionally returned), it appears to be the custom, in some colloquial registers, to refer to (mutual?) acquaintances by their first names preceded by the definite article. I distinctly remember my brother being introduced as 'der Peter'. I sometimes wonder what happens when a child's name is in the diminuative form, since diminuative suffixes in German typically impose neuter gender on their hosts. Does one then refer to 'das Hanschen', 'das Gretschen'? Then again, in the area of Germany where this practice seems to be common, '-chen' isn't the typical diminuative, as anyone with a name like mine should know. I don't know if the High German dialectal diminuative '-l(e)' carries any gender repercussions. Can one speak of 'der Hansel', 'die Gretel'? (I rather hope so, since i occasionally refer to my daughter as 'Gretel'). Anyone out there able to speak knowledgeably on this topic? ------ Steven Schaufele c/o Department of Linguistics 712 W. Washington Ave. University of Illinois Urbana, IL 61801 4088 Foreign Languages Building 707 S. Mathews Street 217-344-8240 Urbana, IL 61801 fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 10:36:51 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@uunet.UU.NET (John Cowan) Subject: the former Yugoslavia There's a Thurber cartoon, undoubtedly once published in the >New Yorker<, which shows a naked woman kneeling atop a bookcase. At the foot of the bookcase is a small group of people; one of them (a man) is saying, "That's my first wife up there, and this is the >present< Mrs. Harris." [Emphasis in original.] I would have no difficulty in labeling the woman atop the bookcase as "the former Mrs. Harris". Likewise, we can have "the former Gold Coast" and "the former Yugoslavia". Specifically, Bosnia is not part of Yugoslavia, but it is part of the former Yugoslavia. -- John Cowan cowan@snark.thyrsus.com ...!uunet!cbmvax!snark!cowan e'osai ko sarji la lojban. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-947. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-948. Wed 02 Dec 1992. Lines: 301 Subject: 3.948 Queries Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 00:05 CST From: Subject: Royalties 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 13:18:01 EST From: David J Silva 315-443-5375 Subject: Language and the Brain 3) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 14:06 CST From: AIMMELMAN%TINY@MSUS1.MSUS.EDU Subject: Reviewer for psycholinguistics 4) Date: 30 Nov 1992 16:00:08 -0500 (EST) From: Mark H Aronoff Subject: a "Dutch" textbook 5) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 22:13:37 EDT From: "Lorna H. Jarvis" Subject: deictic terms-request information 6) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 22:28:54 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Hangul Day 7) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 20:24:38 +0000 Subject: Dependency grammar From: "R.Hudson" 8) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 16:32:50 EST From: Ellen Broselow Subject: roommate for lsa 9) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 17:49:53 EST From: "M. David Greenspon" Subject: This bread cuts easily Date: Wed, 2 Dec 1992 10:44 IST From: Ron Kuzar Subject: Query: Sexism in Hungarian 11) Date: Wed, 02 Dec 92 08:15:25 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: French linguistics texts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 00:05 CST From: Subject: Royalties Authors of linguistics course texts and other knowledgeable parties: What is the going rate for author's royalties and advances from major commercial publishers for course texts in linguistics? Please send me any information you have, anonymously if you like, and I will summarize for the list if there is sufficient interest (but will treat individual figures and their sources confidentially). Please respond to one of the following: Bitnet: BLARSWWY at UIAMVS.BITNET Internet: robert-wachal AT uiowa.edu Phone: 319-335-0208 S/mail: R. S. Wachal, Dept. of Linguistics, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240-1408 Thanks, Bob. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 13:18:01 EST From: David J Silva 315-443-5375 Subject: Language and the Brain I'm teaching a two-day unit on "Language and Brain" in my introductory ling course, and I'm looking for some data on conduction aphasia. (I've found enough on Broca's aphasia and Wernicke's aphasia.) Any suggestions? Thanks. --David J. Silva, Syracuse Univ (djsilva@suvm.acs.syr.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 30 Nov 1992 14:06 CST From: AIMMELMAN%TINY@MSUS1.MSUS.EDU Subject: Reviewer for psycholinguistics I am the director of a doctoral study in which the candidate compared three hypnotic pain control procedures (traditional, direct suggestion; indirect, permissive, Ericksionian suggestion; "semantic" procedure combining the indirect form of Ericksonian suggestion with the concrete imagery of direct suggestion). The subjects were native Xhosa speakers. Treatment was administered in English and in Xhosa (language crossed with treatment). The dissertation, which is nearing completion, includes a chapter on psycholinguistics. As I have no expert knowledge of psycholinguistics I would be very grateful if someone out there were willing to read the chapter in question, comment on it, and point out any weaknesses that need to be addressed. Please e-mail me directly. Aubrey Immelman Dept. of Psychology St. John's University Collegeville, Minnesota -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 30 Nov 1992 16:00:08 -0500 (EST) From: Mark H Aronoff Subject: a "Dutch" textbook Someone has asked if there is a good elementary textbook that an individual could use to learn Dutch. Please send any suggestions directly to me. Thanks. Mark Aronoff -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 22:13:37 EDT From: "Lorna H. Jarvis" Subject: deictic terms-request information Does anybody have information as to where I can find a linguistic analysis of the Spanish verbs "ir" and "venir" (come and go). Do they function as deictic terms? How similarly do they function to their corresponding English forms? If you have any information I would really appreciate it. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 1992 22:28:54 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Hangul Day Several responses have come in to my request for further information on Hangul Day, some posted generally to the List and some to me personally (and one in both categories!) The consensus seems to be that in the late 19th century Korea adopted various Western scientific concepts, including the Gregorian calendar and the metric system, and since then most Korean national holidays, including Hangul Day, have had their dates defined in terms of the Gregorian calendar. However, i am interested not only in when Hangul Day is properly celebrated but how. What traditions are there to the observance of Hangul Day amongst Koreans? Is there anything more to it than Jim McCawley's throwing a party with lots of East Asian food? All suggestions welcome. ------ Steven Schaufele c/o Department of Linguistics 712 W. Washington Ave. University of Illinois Urbana, IL 61801 4088 Foreign Languages Building 707 S. Mathews Street 217-344-8240 Urbana, IL 61801 fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 20:24:38 +0000 Subject: Dependency grammar From: "R.Hudson" A group of linguists working on dependency grammar is interested to make contact with any others who might not already be known to them. The group includes Peter Hellwig, Juergen Kunze, Henning Lobin, Stanley Starosta and me, Dick Hudson. If you're not already in touch with one of us, and work on dependency grammar, please send me a message: uclyrah@ucl.ac.uk. Dick Hudson Dept of Phonetics and Linguistics, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT (071) 387 7050 ext 3152 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 16:32:50 EST From: Ellen Broselow Subject: roommate for lsa A SUNY Stony Brook graduate student, Su-I Chen, is looking for a female student or faculty member to share a hotel room at the LSA. Please respond directly to her: Sichen at ccvm.sunysb.edu. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9) Date: Tue, 01 Dec 92 17:49:53 EST From: "M. David Greenspon" Subject: This bread cuts easily I am a graduate student writing my dissertation on the following type of construction: This bread cuts easily. This car handles well. The door opens easily This water drinks like wine. These hotdogs sell well. The argument structure in these sentences is passivelike ("deep" or "initial" object corresponds to "surface" subject; an agent is present, at least semantically), but the verb form is active (with a reflexive in some languages). Most current researchers call this the "middle voice," although this is not a great name, since "middle voice" is traditionally (and currently) also used for some slightly different phenomena. Various other names-- none really all that successful--have been suggested. (For lack of a better name, I'm sticking with "middle.") This is a bizarre and very interesting construction. The closer you look at it the more complex and undefinable it seems to become. It is difficult to fit into certain syntactic theories. In any case, I have done a fair amount of research on it, built up a fairly large bibliography, and collected a lot of data from Russian and Dutch. What I would be interested in now is the following: -Data from any non-Indo-European languages. I have found no evidence of any regular middle-formation in the few non-IE languages I have looked at (Hungarian, Korean, Gitonga). Any native speakers out there who can help? -Data from any Scandinavian language or from Yiddish. I have found no middles in Norwegian, which is a little surprising. Since Scandinavian reflexivization is so complex, it would be interesting to find middles in these languages. -Any unpublished material you would be willing to share. -Any obscure, but potentially useful, published work (here's an example: Hatcher, Anna Granville (1943). "Mr. Howard Amuses Easy." _Modern Language Notes_ (Jan. 1943), 8-17). If anyone would like to see my bibliography or data, let me know. Thanks in advance! M. David Greenspon >From BITNET: GREMICF@YALEVM >From internet: gremicf@yalevm.ycc.yale.edu OR greensp@minerva.ycc.yale.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10) Date: Wed, 2 Dec 1992 10:44 IST From: Ron Kuzar Subject: Query: Sexism in Hungarian Since Hungarian does not have any grammatical gender distinctions, I wonder if, and how, sexism is linguistically expressed. I am interested in actual examples, general thoughts, and references to articles you might know about (articles in Hungarian are OK too). I will post a summary of responses sent directly to me: soukr@hujivm1.bitnet. Thanks ---- Ron Kuzar -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11) Date: Wed, 02 Dec 92 08:15:25 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: French linguistics texts I have a problem which might be a chimera. (For money)I teach French linguistics. A new breed of student is not willing to sort through such references as Bon usage, etc. While they're Ok about my explanations and handouts reviewing the French data (which is the basis on which I planned the courses), they are quite adamant about having (hard-bound) books on the topic of their study. French phonetics and phonology, including assimilation of various types, are well catered for by publications (that's the introductory course over!). I am looking now for books on (1) the verb morphology of standard French (this if possible to include something on tense and mood); Foley is too advanced, and uses history in explanation; (2) non-controversial (descriptive) syntax; Ruwet is on the reading list but raises another novel problem: in the opinion of these anxious students, the date really has to be after 1979. Berrendonner is not suitable for undergraduates; Eriksson, Kilani-Schoch, Olsson and Pierrard are Ok for linguistics courses (and then perhaps too locally French in their concerns!) - but really off course for French linguistics. Any suggestions? With my apologies for the bread-and-butterality of my message. Bill Bennett WAB2@UK.AC.CAM.PHX -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-948. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-949. Fri 04 Dec 1992. Lines: 155 Subject: 3.949 Conferences: GLOW, Time in Geographic Space Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 09:14 +0100 From: PLATZACK@SELDC52.bitnet Subject: Error in fax-number for Glow abstracts 2) Date: Thu, 3 Dec 92 20:13 EDT From: "Max J. Egenhofer" Subject: Time in Geographic Space -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 26 Nov 92 09:14 +0100 From: PLATZACK@SELDC52.bitnet Subject: Error in fax-number for Glow abstracts Please notice: There is an error with respect to the fax-number for GLOW abstracts. Those who want to submit an abstract by fax, please use the following fax-number: +46-46-104241. Christer Platzack -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 3 Dec 92 20:13 EDT From: "Max J. Egenhofer" Subject: Time in Geographic Space Call for Papers / Call for Participation Time in Geographic Space Lake Arrowhead, California, May 8-11, 1993 Specialist Meeting of the NCGIA Research Initiative 10 The National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA) will hold a Specialist Meeting for Initiative 10 on "Spatio-Temporal Reasoning in GIS" at the UCLA Conference Center at Lake Arrowhead, CA May 8-11, 1993. This meeting follows the workshop on "Temporal Relations in Geographic Information Systems" held in Orono (January 1990) and a joint seminar with European researchers on "Methods of Spatio- Temporal Reasoning in GIS" held in San Miniato, Italy (September 1992), which served as a forum to assess the state-of-the-art in reasoning about geographic space and time and started a dialog among different disciplines involved in space-time reasoning. The goal of the Specialist Meeting is to identify and prioritize research needs in this area and to specify an appropriate agenda for undertaking the research over the next two years. The structure of the meeting will be a combination of small-group discussions about specific questions, and plenary sessions to identify the major directions. Participants will have the exciting opportunity to make active contributions to this process. Support for lodging and travel to and from the meeting may be available to participants selected to attend. The Specialist Meeting will bring together about 30 researchers from areas that are concerned with temporal changes in geographic space. We want to attract researchers from as broad an audience as possible. Areas of particular interest include, but are not limited to, Geography, Cartography, Engineering, Computer Science (primarily databases, artificial intelligence, and user interfaces), Mathematics (primarily logic and topology), Environmental and Cognitive Psychology, Cognitive Science, Linguistics, Anthropology, History, Archaeology, Geology, and Climatology. The Initiative's steering committee will select the majority of the participants for the Specialist Meeting based on the submission of extended abstracts; additional key participants may be invited to address topics not adequately covered by the papers selected from among submitted abstracts. Topics of Interest Submissions of papers presenting original research, surveys, or position statements on all aspects of "Time in Geographic Space" are invited. Particular emphasis should be put on time, change, motion, or process. Topics of special relevance are: * Dependencies between time and geographic space. * Scales of time in geographic space. * Differences between temporal reasoning in small-scale and large-scale space. * Temporal reasoning primitives such as change, motion, and velocity. * Spatial processes in the temporal domain. * Linguistic means to communicate change in geographic space. * Formalizations of human reasoning processes about time/change/process in geographic space. * Dealing with incomplete and imprecise temporal and spatio- temporal information. * Applications describing specific properties of dealing with time in geographic space. * Cultural differences in spatio-temporal reasoning. Papers that address only geographic space without paying consideration to temporal changes will be given low priority, as will papers that focus on spatio-temporal statistics and space-time series analysis, which are subjects of a separate NCGIA initiative. Paper Submissions Please submit 5 copies of an extended abstract of at least 2,000 words (8 double-spaced pages) to the Specialist Meeting coordinator by February 1, 1993. The abstract must provide sufficient detail to allow the Steering Committee to assess the contributions. It must include comparisons with previous work and appropriate references to the pertinent literature. Authors should also include a biographical sketch (1/2 page). All manuscripts will be reviewed by at least three members of the Steering Committee. Authors of accepted papers will have to provide a revised version based on the reviewers' comments to be distributed prior to the workshop and published in the widely distributed NCGIA Technical Report series. An edited volume of extended versions of selected papers of special merit is planned to be published after the Specialist Meeting. Important Dates: Deadline for submissions of detailed abstracts: Feb. 1, 1993 Notification of acceptance: March 1, 1993 Revised papers due: April 15, 1993 Specialist meeting: May 8-11, 1993 Specialist Meeting Coordinator: Max J. Egenhofer National Center for Geographic Information and Analysis Boardman Hall University of Maine Orono, ME 04469-5711 e-mail: max@mecan1.maine.edu tel.: (207) 581-2114 FAX: (207) 581-2206 Initiative Co-Leaders: Max J. Egenhofer, University of Maine Reginald G. Golledge, University of California Santa Barbara Linguist List: Vol-3-949. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-3-950. Fri 04 Dec 1992. Lines: 232 Subject: 3.950 Conferences: Message Understanding Moderators: Anthony Aristar: Texas A&M University Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan University Assistant Editor: Brian Wallace: bwallace@emunix.emich.edu -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 92 16:09:40 -0800 From: sundheim@cod.nosc.mil (Beth M. Sundheim) Subject: 5th Message Understanding Conference--Call for Participation -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 1 Dec 92 16:09:40 -0800 From: sundheim@cod.nosc.mil (Beth M. Sundheim) Subject: 5th Message Understanding Conference--Call for Participation ------- * * * CALL FOR PARTICIPATION * * * FIFTH MESSAGE UNDERSTANDING SYSTEM EVALUATION AND MESSAGE UNDERSTANDING CONFERENCE (MUC-5) 1 MARCH - 27 AUGUST, 1993 Preparation: 1 March - 23 May 29 May - 25 July Evaluations: 24-28 May (dry run) 26-30 July (formal run) Conference: 25-27 August Sponsored by: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency Software and Intelligent Systems Technology Office (DARPA/SISTO) The Message Understanding Conferences have provided on ongoing forum for assessing the state of the art and practice in text analysis technology and for exchanging information on innovative computational techniques. They have also encouraged experimentation in the context of fully implemented systems that perform the realistic task of extracting factual information from free text. The first two conferences focused on short naval messages; the two most recent conferences challenged the systems with longer and stylistically varied terrorism news stories. The four conferences have seen the application of a wide variety of approaches to the information extraction task. There is a growing appreciation of the potential utility of the technologies. At the same time, performance constraints attributed to inadequate computational methods are becoming serious issues for the more highly developed systems. The Fifth Message Understanding Conference (MUC-5) will continue the technology assessment cycle, with new information extraction tasks in new domains. MUC-5 will also continue the effort to define an insightful, objective set of performance evaluation criteria. DARPA sponsors the Message Understanding Conferences as part of the TIPSTER Text program. Participation in MUC-5 is actively sought from both new and veteran organizations. Veteran evaluation participants will be able to measure their progress in designing robust, end-to-end information extraction systems and to continue the fruitful interchange of ideas about systems and evaluation. New participants will also contribute to and benefit from such interactions, while learning to manage the challenges posed by the evaluation task. In this process, all organizations enjoy some advantages and suffer from some disadvantages in the evaluation. These differing circumstances are recognized by the evaluators and should not deter organizations from participating. The conference itself will consist primarily of presentations and discussions of test results, system design, and innovative techniques. Attendance at the conference is limited to evaluation participants and to guests invited by DARPA. A conference proceedings, including all test results, will be published. Modest amounts of financial support will be made available to selected participants in an effort to maximize the number of participants and to attract the widest possible variety of technical approaches and system architectures. This funding is intended only as a supplement to other support. Both U.S. and non-U.S. participants are eligible for this funding. SCHEDULE: 3 January 1993 Deadline for applications that include funding requests 15 January 1993 Final application deadline (no funding requests) 1 February 1993 Notification of acceptance and funding 1 March 1993 Release of system development corpus and evaluation software 24-28 May 1993 Performance evaluation (dry run) on test corpus 26-30 July 1993 Performance evaluation (formal run) on new test corpus 25-27 August 1993 Fifth Message Understanding Conference DATA AND TASK DESCRIPTION: Subject to successful completion of negotiations to obtain proper permissions concerning the data, the data and task to be used for MUC-5 will be the same as those already in use for the data extraction portion of the DARPA/SISTO TIPSTER Text program. There are two languages, English and Japanese, and two domains, joint ventures and microelectronic chip fabrication. These form four separate corpora. The texts are newswire articles selected to produce the desired mix of relevant and nonrelevant texts, and they were blindly divided into pools of development (training) and test data. The task is to extract information about the nature and status of activities in the domain, the entities involved, etc. Analysts have been doing software-assisted manual generation of the "key" templates against which the system-generated templates will be evaluated. The template design is object oriented, and each slot in the template has its own fill specifications for data type, valency, etc. The fill specifications in each domain vary slightly between English and Japanese, reflecting differences in language usage; however, the general design of the template is the same for both languages. An English and a Japanese sample text and corresponding template in the joint ventures domain are available from the program chair (address at end of this announcement). Please specify which language(s) you are interested in. A microelectronics example may be available shortly. The total amount of data that will be available in March to support system development is expected to be between 200 and 1,000 templates and corresponding texts. This number will vary according to the corpus and the data rights that are obtained. To receive the data, participants will be required to acknowledge its copyright status by signing agreements to safeguard the data and to use it for research purposes only. TEST PROTOCOL AND EVALUATION CRITERIA: MUC-5 participants may elect to do either language or both languages; they are limited to selecting just one domain. Participants will have access to TIPSTER Government-Furnished Information and shared resources such as the training texts and templates, task documentation, gazetteers, and evaluation software. TIPSTER data extraction contractors will be participating in MUC-5, for which previously unseen test data will be used. Each test set will consist of 100-300 texts, depending on language and domain. A dry-run test will be conducted about three months after the release of the training data; the formal test will be conducted about two and one-half months after the dry run. Each test will be carried out by the participants at their own sites in accordance with a prepared test procedure and the results submitted to NRaD for official scoring by domain analysts. Systems will be evaluated using the criteria applied to the TIPSTER Text data extraction systems. These criteria, which are still under development, are likely to use the scoring categories (correct, partially correct, incorrect, spurious, missing, and noncommittal) to support not only the measures used for MUC-4 (recall, precision, overgeneration, fallout, and F-measure) but also new measures (probability of detection, probability of false alarm, and a measure that combines them). MUC-5 participants will be able to familiarize themselves with the evaluation criteria through usage of the evaluation software, which will be released along with the training data. INSTRUCTIONS FOR RESPONDING TO THE CALL FOR PARTICIPATION: Organizations within and outside the U.S. are invited to respond to this call for participation. Minimal requirements include development before the dry-run test of a system that can accept texts without manual preprocessing, process them without human intervention, and output templates in the expected format. Organizations should plan on allocating at least three person-months of effort for participation in the evaluation and conference; a substantially greater level of effort is likely to be needed in order to achieve relatively high performance. It is understood that organizations will vary with respect to experience with information extraction, domain expertise/engineering, resources, contractual demands/expectations, etc. Recognition of such factors will be made in any analyses of the results. Organizations wishing to participate in the evaluation and conference must respond by submitting a summary of their text analysis approach and a system architecture description, not to exceed five pages in total. The summary should include the strengths of the approach and highlight its innovative aspects. Acceptance or rejection of each application will be determined on the basis of a technical assessment by the program committee. The body of the application will serve as the basis for an article in the conference proceedings. Participants will have the opportunity to make revisions prior to publication. The application must also include the following information: 1. Domain (choose only one) a. Joint ventures b. Microelectronics 2. Language (choose one or two) a. English b. Japanese 3. An estimate of the degree of coverage and/or length of time under development of existing software to be applied to the MUC-5 task in the selected language(s) and domain. 4. Primary point of contact for notification of acceptance/rejection of application. Please include name, surface and email addresses, and phone and fax numbers. Those organizations wishing to request funding to supplement their own resources must provide a second statement, not to exceed two pages. This statement should include an estimate of the amount of funding available from other sources to support participation in this work and a specification of the amount of funding desired and the minimal acceptable amount. In addition, it should describe any software to be used for MUC-5 that the organization is willing to deliver to NRaD and MUC participants for possible redistribution. Please indicate clearly whether the organization is interested in participating in MUC-5 even if no funding is available. Evaluators of funding requests will not include any MUC system developers. RESPONSES THAT INCLUDE FUNDING REQUESTS MUST BE SUBMITTED BY JANUARY 3, 1993. THE DEADLINE FOR OTHER RESPONSES IS JANUARY 15, 1993. All participants are expected to have Internet access and to be able to do electronic file transfer via anonymous FTP. All responses should be submitted to the program chair via email to sundheim@nosc.mil. If Internet access is currently unavailable, responses may be sent via surface mail to Beth Sundheim, NCCOSC/NRaD, Code 444, San Diego, CA 92152-5000, and if a quick reply to questions is needed, the program chair may be reached by phone at 619/553-4145. PROGRAM COMMITTEE: Beth Sundheim, NCCOSC/NRaD, program chair Sean Boisen, BBN Systems and Technologies Lynn Carlson, U.S. Department of Defense Nancy Chinchor, Science Applications International Jim Cowie, New Mexico State University Ralph Grishman, New York University Jerry Hobbs, SRI International Joe McCarthy, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Mary Ellen Okurowski, U.S. Department of Defense Boyan Onyshkevych, U.S. Department of Defense Lisa Rau, General Electric R&D Center Carl Weir, Paramax Systems Corporation REFERENCE: _Proceedings_of_the_Fourth_Message_Understanding_Conference_ (MUC-4)_, Morgan Kaufmann, June, 1992. To order, call (800)745-7323 (toll free in North America) or (415)578-9928 (direct), send fax to (415)578-0672 or email to morgan@unix.sri.com. Please refer to ISBN 1-55860-273-9. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-3-950.