________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-201. Thu 18 Mar 1993. Lines: 172 Subject: 4.201 Pro-drop Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 93 10:05:01 -0800 From: pmfarrell@ucdavis.edu (Patrick Farrell) Subject: Re: 4.186 Pro-drop 2) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1993 02:11:44 -0700 (MST) From: Douglas Purl Subject: Re: 4.180 Sum: Pro-drop Languages 3) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1993 16:19:46 +0100 From: Dan Slobin Subject: pro-drop 4) Date: 17 Mar 1993 13:41:24 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Re: 4.194 Pro-drop -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 16 Mar 93 10:05:01 -0800 From: pmfarrell@ucdavis.edu (Patrick Farrell) Subject: Re: 4.186 Pro-drop Concerning the question of whether English has pro-drop, Jeanette Gundel says: >it seems to me, that what >is going on here isn't pro-drop but omission >of unstressed, pragmatically recoverable >material in sentence initial position. If >we adopt this analysis, then the fact >that omission of subjects is restricted >to main clauses would follow automatically, >as would the restriction to casual speech. This is an admittedly more reasonable view of the matter than the radical pro-drop approach I attempted to justify. I was assuming that subject pronouns are specifically targeted for omission. On deeper reflection, I'm not so sure that is right. Seems to me that unstressed determiners that might be said to be "pragmatically recoverable" can also be omitted ... but only in sentence-initial position: a. (The) guy over there seems pretty drunk, doesn't he? b. Do you see *(the) guy over there in the corner? If this intuition about such examples turns out to reflect a fact about the phenomenon, the "initial material" omission analysis receives further support. Patrick Farrell -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1993 02:11:44 -0700 (MST) From: Douglas Purl Subject: Re: 4.180 Sum: Pro-drop Languages The discussion of pro-drop puts one in mind of Kant's kaveats koncerning the attempt to prove the existence of God by defining Him/Her/It as the possessor of such qualities as perfection and existence. I can conceive of a perfect unicorn, and of course a perfect unicorn would exist or it wouldn't be perfect, by definition. Kant demonstrates in the *Critique of Pure Reason* that we can be fooled by the predicate structure of language into believing what we predicate is reality. It would help in this discussion if someone would lay out rigorous ground rules. For example, pro-drop of objects has been mentioned lately. Now I can define an object as the necessary condition of a transitive verb and exclude *eat* when it does not co-occur with an object. Or, I could define objects as merely sufficient conditions for transitive verbs, and posit a complex set of rules for determining transitivity with suppressed objects (*Eat while still hot.*). If an object (or subject, etc.) is the necessary condition for a certain feature (say a verb), then there can be no pro-drop, can there? I have the impression that we have seen conflicting points of view not because disputants were right or wrong but because their grammatical models conflicted implicitly. Not only do all grammars leak, they navigate by different lodestars. Or am I missing the boat? Douglas Purl--U. of Montana -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 17 Mar 1993 16:19:46 +0100 From: Dan Slobin Subject: pro-drop I quite agree with Fernando Aviles that the term "pro-drop" represents an "English-centric" view of things. But, from the point of view of acquisition, it is Spanish, rather than English, that is better treated as a "pro-add" language. In my work on acquisition of "pro-drop" languages--Spanish and Turkish--what the child has to learn is when to *use* a pro- noun rather than when to "drop" one, since presupposition- ally neutral sentences in discourse do not have pronouns. The child has to learn, for example, that "adding" a subject pronoun can mark contrast, rather than just "subject"; or that a pronoun is needed in discourse in order to clearly establish reference to an earlier topic or to switch to a different topic; and so forth. In a study of the develop- ment of subject pronouns in Turkish child language, I found that 2-year-olds had learned many discourse functions both of pronoun vs. null pronoun and initial vs. postposed pro- noun. For example, null pronoun was used in neutral responses to questions and offering of information; initial pronoun was used to assertively contrast the child's inten- tions with those of another person; and postposed pronoun was used to emphasize or assert a claim. Only older chil- dren, however (about age 4) began to systematically use pro- nouns to indicate topic switch in short narratives. Clearly, much more is involved in acquiring Spanish or Turk- ish than simply setting the "pro-drop parameter" to null. The child has to learn the functions of both null and expressed pronouns and, for the latter, the functions of syntactic position (and, in some languages, stress, reduc- tion, cliticization, etc.). Dan Slobin (slobin@cogsci.berkeley.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 17 Mar 1993 13:41:24 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Re: 4.194 Pro-drop I think a good case can be made that Classical Latin is object pro-drop, and surely someone else must have noticed that Japanese is. This despite the fact that the lost information cannot be recovered from verb agreement, as in the case of Latin subject pro-drop. That having been said, I *still* don't know why anyone finds this subject terribly interesting, or why the GB boys (and girls) regard it as an im- portant parameter. Call it "zero pronominalization", and we have a term applicable to any such deletion in any language regardless of syntactic framework. Nevertheless, I repeat an earlier assertion that the English phenomenon is better regarded as sentence-initial truncation rather than pro-drop. The example "Well, can't make after all" proves nothing, since why is _well_ part of the sentence? It isn't! Write an exclamation point and it still works, because _well_ is separate. This suggests a criterion for distinguishing pro-drop (or "zero pronomi- nalization") from mere truncation: zero-pronominalization is independent of larger syntactic environments, while truncation affects exactly the beginning or end of clauses. German _Hast gehoert?_ < _Hast du gehoert?_ 'Have you heard?" shows a third phenomenon: total phonetic loss of a restricted set of pronouns in precisely defined phonetic or morphological environments (_du_ > 0 only after verbal desinence -st). Well, perhaps zero-pronominalization is not *always* independent of syntactic environments, but it is *not* confined to the beginning or end of certain clauses, as truncation (apocope) is. --Leo Connolly -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-201. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-202. Thu 18 Mar 1993. Lines: 71 Subject: 4.202 Conferences: Information-based approaches to linguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 17 Mar 1993 14:27:22 -0700 (MST) From: STEELE@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Conference on Information-Based Linguistics, April 16-18, Arizona -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 17 Mar 1993 14:27:22 -0700 (MST) From: STEELE@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Conference on Information-Based Linguistics, April 16-18, Arizona 1993 FORUM ON INFORMATION-BASED APPROACHES TO LINGUISTICS UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA APRIL 16-18, 1993 INVITED SPEAKERS: Emmon Bach, U. Mass. Amherst Jo Calder, Simon Fraser University John Coleman, AT&T Bell Labs William Marslen-Wilson, University of London, Birkbeck College James Myers, SUNY Buffalo LOCAL (i.e. Arizona) SPEAKERS: Diana Archangeli, Linguistics Thomas Bourgeois, Center for Neurogenic Communication Disorders Thomas Cornell, Cognitive Science Kenneth Forster, Cognitive Science Terry Langendoen, Linguistics Shaun O'Connor, Linguistics Richard Oehrle, Linguistics Susan Steele, Linguistics The forum consists of four sessions, each addressing a distinct issue within information-based approaches to linguistics, i.e. within the research tradition that considers objects that make up human languages as bearers of information. In these sessions, through short presentations by the participants and extended discussion of these presentations, we will explore the properties of various information-based phonological, syntactic, and semantic frameworks and their relationships to one another. SESSIONS: Linguistic Features Linguistic Categories Linguistic Constituents Rule Operation in an Information-based Framework Parties interested in attending the forum or requesting additional information are invited to contact: Thomas Bourgeois Institute for Neurogenic Communication Disorders University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85721 bourg@ccit.arizona.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-202. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-203. Fri 19 Mar 1993. Lines: 134 Subject: 4.203 Workshops: Cognitive Phonology, French Phonology Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 13:16:05 +0100 From: chantal.lyche@matnat.uio.no Subject: Workshop on cognitive phonology 2) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1993 15:28:07 +0100 From: Anne Lindebjerg Subject: French Phonology -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 13:16:05 +0100 From: chantal.lyche@matnat.uio.no Subject: Workshop on cognitive phonology NORTH-WEST CENTRE FOR ROMANCE LINGUISTICS MANCHESTER 20-22 MAY 1993 WORKSHOP ON COGNITIVE PHONOLOGY The North-West Centre for Romance Linguistics (NWCRL) is a joint venture between the University of Manchester, the Manchester Metropolitan University, the University of Salford and UMIST. The Centre has several aims. Its immediate goal can be described as promoting and disseminating research in the Romance Languages in the North-West of England. But, research in the Romance area cannot be divorced from our understanding of language in general. It is therefore the aim of the Centre to stimulate research in all facets of Linguistics and encourage work on the Romance languages as a way of (in)validating linguistic hypotheses. One of the aims of the NWCRL is also to forge links between researchers in the North-West of England and scholars in the Romance- speaking countries. The Centre organises regular conferences and workshops on a variety of themes. On 20- 22 May 1993, there will be a workshop on 'Cognitive Phonology' at the University of Manchester (organisers Jacques Durand and Nigel Vincent). The Workshop on Cognitive Phonology will provide a forum for phonologists, phoneticians, psychologists, computational linguists, and all linguists interested both in exploring current models of phonological description and in understanding the psychological implications of such work. The idea of looking at phonology from a cognitive standpoint is not new. One need only think of the seminal work of Roman Jakobson who stressed the importance of work on neurology, clinical linguistics, language acquisition, etc, in the construction of a theory of sound- structure. The organisers welcome papers on themes such as the following: the relationship between phonological constructs and phonetic theory; the nature of phonological primitives; the relevance of clinical linguistics for testing linguistic hypotheses; the link between psychological theories and theories of phonological structure. The workshop is also intended to provide a platform for young researchers in phonology who are testing recent models of linguistic description. The Conference will take place in the University of Manchester, under the auspices of the Department of Linguistics and Phonetics (Thursday 20 May lunchtime - Saturday 22 May, lunchtime). Speakers will include: John Anderson (Edinburgh), Jean-Luc Azra (Paris), Martin Barry (Manchester), Wiebke Brockhaus (Huddersfield), Ren e B land and Carole Paradis (Laval), Gerry Docherty (Newcastle-upon-Tyne), Jacques Durand (Salford), John Harris (London), Daniel Hirst (Aix-en-Provence), Marc Klein (Paris), Francis Nolan (Cambridge), Geoff Lindsey (Edinburgh), Andrew Spencer (Essex) and Sue Barry (Manchester). The meeting will start with a seminar on 'Connectionism and Phonological Theory' by Bernard Laks of the University of Paris VIII. For further information please contact: Prof Jacques Durand (Dept of Modern Languages, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, Tel: 061-745 5193). EMAIL J.Durand@mod-lang.salford.ac.uk -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 1993 15:28:07 +0100 From: Anne Lindebjerg Subject: French Phonology FRENCH PHONOLOGY WORKSHOP, Aix-en-Provence, Sept. 16-17 1993 The (British) Association of French Language Studies is planning to hold its annual meeting in Aix-en-Provence in September 15-19. The topic for the conference will be: 'Le francais langue etrangere' Among other workshops, there will be one on Phonology organized by J. Durand, B. Laks, C. Lyche. All researchers who wish to present papers are invited to submit titles and abstract as soon as possible, but no later than May 15. Correspondence for the phonology workshop should be addressed to: Chantal Lyche Mat.nat.fak. p.b. 1032 Blindern 0315 Oslo tel. 22856355 fax: 22854367 E-mail:chantal.lyche@matnat.uio.no Correspondence for the main conference should be addressed to: Richard Towell Dept. of Modern Languages University of Salford Salford M5 4WT (UK) tel.: 44 61 745 5648 ================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-203. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-204. Fri 19 Mar 1993. Lines: 128 Subject: 4.204 Qs: OCR, Unreleased C's, English in Korea, Propaganda, word Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 15:04:40 +0100 From: brendan@us-es.sel.de (Brendan Dalton US/ES #71602) Subject: OCR 2) Date: 19 Mar 93 15:08:08 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: Unreleased consonants 3) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 10:20:46 +0100 (MET) From: IPrA Subject: Question on English in S.Korea 4) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 11:02:23 CET From: Wlodzimierz Sobkowiak Subject: The language of Propaganda 5) Date: 20 Mar 1993 00:12:00 +1000 From: CALIX Subject: Query: English word? -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 15:04:40 +0100 From: brendan@us-es.sel.de (Brendan Dalton US/ES #71602) Subject: OCR I, too, am interested in OCR, but I'd like some advice. What sort of scanner, and what sort of software should I buy. I want to scan Gaelic texts in a number of Latin-based fonts, so I'd like to be sure that the software could distinguish accented vowels from their unaccented equivalents (e.g. 'i' from 'i-grave' or 'i-acute'). As the money for all this will be coming from my own pocket, keep the price low, please! BTW, if you know of any I should avoid, I'd also be pleased to get your advice. -- Brendan Dalton -- brendan@us-es.sel.de , Ritheann an fear seo ar phoitin. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 19 Mar 93 15:08:08 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: Unreleased consonants I am on the hunt for a language with unreleased consonsantal phonemes. I am doing research for a paper on sonority in Dependency Phonology, and am interested in the minimally sonorous end of the scale. Any refs or notes most welcome. Regards, Simon Corston SHC@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 10:20:46 +0100 (MET) From: IPrA Subject: Question on English in S.Korea In order to complete a research report, I badly need the following information concerning the English input in South Korea: 1. Is English a required subject for high school/university students? To what extent? 2. At what age does formal instruction in English start ? 3. How prominent is English in daily life (e.g. radio, television, cinema, advertising, pop music, etc.) compared to Western Europe. Any additional information is welcome! Thank you very much in advance, Michael Meeuwis, IPrA Research Center -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 11:02:23 CET From: Wlodzimierz Sobkowiak Subject: The language of Propaganda One of my students is looking for literature on the linguistic, sociolinguistic and pragmatic treatment of the language of propaganda. Any help would be appreciated. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: 20 Mar 1993 00:12:00 +1000 From: CALIX Subject: Query: English word? One of my students asked me whether the word below was English? Her mother an English L1 speaker regularly uses it. Help, please? Where did mother find this word? 1. He was three years "ferninst" the mast. 2. Do not speak like that "ferninst" your mother. Thanks. Replies to Lloyd Holliday edulh@lure.latrobe.edu.au -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-204. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-205. Fri 19 Mar 1993. Lines: 151 Subject: 4.205 FYI: Spoken Corpus on CDROM Available Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 23:03:02 GMT From: "Henry S. Thompson" Subject: HCRC Map Task Corpus on CD: Audio and transcripts of natural speech -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 23:03:02 GMT From: "Henry S. Thompson" Subject: HCRC Map Task Corpus on CD: Audio and transcripts of natural speech The HCRC Map Task Corpus The Human Communication Research Centre (HCRC) is happy to announce the release of the Map Task Corpus. The Map Task Corpus is a set of 8 CD-ROMs containing linked audio and transcriptions of a total of about 18 hours of spontaneous speech that was recorded from 128 two-person conversations according to a detailed experimental design. Altogether, the corpus as distributed provides a thorough and invaluable set of resources and tools for use in analyzing all levels of linguistic structure, via both text-based and speech-based investigation. The range of research questions that are addressable using this corpus span a wide spectrum of linguistic and cognitive issues. We have kept the price as low as possible to encourage researchers from many disciplines to use this corpus as a common reference point for many different kinds of research. The HCRC is an interdisciplinary research centre at the Universities of Edinburgh and Glasgow, supported by the UK Economic and Social Research Council and the Universities Funding Council. The publication of the Map Task Corpus was made possible by assistance from the Linguistic Data Consortium. Corpus Details 64 different speakers, 32 female, 32 male, all adults, each took part in four conversations in a quiet recording studio. They were all students at the University of Glasgow, 61 of them being native Scots. The conversations were carried out in an experimental setting in which each participant has a schematic map in front of them, not visible to the other. Each map is comprised of an outline and roughly a dozen labelled features (e.g. "a white cottage", "an oak forest", "Green Bay", etc). Most features are common to the two maps, but not all. One map has a route drawn in, the other does not. The task is for the participant without the route to draw one on the basis of discussion with the participant with the route. In addition to the conversations, each speaker provides a wordlist reading, consisting of the major vocabulary items contained in the conversations. All recordings were direct to Digital Audio Tape (DAT) at 48KHz, providing very good acoustic quality. The experimental design allows a number of different phonemic, syntactico-semantic and pragmatic contrasts to be explored in a controlled way. In particular, maps and feature names were designed to allow for controlled exploration of phonological reductions of various kinds in a number of different referential contexts, and to provide, via varying patterns of matches and mis-matches between the two maps, a range of different stimuli for referent negotiation. Also the conditions of the conversations were carefully balanced: In half of them the speakers were strangers, in half friends; in half of them the speakers could see each other's faces, in half they could not. Subjects accommodated easily to the task and experimental setting, and produced evidently unselfconscious and fluent speech. The syntax is largely clausal rather than sentential; showing good turn-taking, with modest amounts of overlap and interruption. The total corpus runs to about 18 hours of speech, with the transcripts consisting of around 150,000 word tokens drawn from just over 2,000 word form types. Transcription is at the orthographic level, quite detailed, including filled pauses, false starts and repetitions, broken words, etc. Considerable care has been taken to ensure consistency of notation, which is thoroughly documented. Although the full complexity of overlapped regions has not been reflected in the transcriptions, such regions are clearly set off from the rest of the transcripts. Transcripts are connected to the acoustic sampled data by sample numbers marked every few turns. CD-ROM Contents The waveform data are provided in "raw" (headerless) files (16-bit samples, 20 kHz sample rate, 2 channels per conversation), and alternative header files are provided for use with software based on either the NIST "SPHERE" header structure or the European "SAM" header structure. Transcriptions are provided for each conversation, marked up with TEI-compliant SGML, in a minimally intrusive and easily separated way. PostScript files of the map images used in the experiments are provided, along with full documentation of the experimental design and data collection protocol, resources for using SGML tools on the transcriptions and other text materials, and an extensive set of source code for performing basic signal processing functions on the waveform data, such as down-sampling, de-multiplexing, channel summation, and D/A conversion for Sun workstations (including playback of segments selected via inspection of transcripts in Emacs). The CD-ROMs are in High Sierra (ISO 9660) format with the RockRidge extensions, and are compatible with (inter alia) Unix, MS-DOS and Macintosh operating systems. Copies of the Map Task Corpus are available from the LDC for $200 or from HCRC for 164.50 UK pounds (including VAT) at the addresses given below, plus postage and packing as necessary. Please contact us (by e-mail if possible) for details of payment methods and shipping costs. In Europe please contact Henry Thompson University of Edinburgh Human Communication Research Centre 2 Buccleuch Place Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland Tel: +44 31 650-4440 Fax: +44 31 650-4587 email: maptask@cogsci.ed.ac.uk or Dawn Griesbach ELSNET 2 Buccleuch Place Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland Tel: +44 31 650-4594 Fax: +44 31 650-4587 email: elsnet@cogsci.ed.ac.uk Outside Europe please contact Elizabeth Hodas Linguistic Data Consortium 441 Williams Hall University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 Tel: (215) 898-0464 Fax: (215) 573-2175 email: ehodas@unagi.cis.upenn.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-205. ________________________________________________________________ Linguist List: Vol-4-206. Fri 19 Mar 1993. Lines: 241 Subject: 4.206 NSF Initiative: Research on Human Language Technology Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 93 13:10 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Research on human language technology: Program Announcement -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 19 Mar 93 13:10 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Research on human language technology: Program Announcement The NSF and DARPA have announced a significant new initiative for funding research on human language technology. The text of the announcement follows. Paul Chapin, NSF ************************ RESEARCH ON HUMAN LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY _______________ Joint Initiative Announcement _______________ Deadline for Receiving Proposals: May 17, 1993 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING Division of Information, Robotics and Intelligent Systems AND DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY SOFTWARE AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY OFFICE ANNOUNCEMENT No. NSF-93-19 INTRODUCTION Beginning in 1993, the Information, Robotics and Intelligent Systems Division of the Computer, Information Science and Engineering Directorate of NSF and the Software and Intelligent Systems Technology Office of DARPA will support jointly innovative, multi-disciplinary, research projects in the general area of human language technology. The motivation for this initiative is the favorable research environment provided by continuing advances in computer technology. This was recognized and encouraged in the 1992 report of the NSF-sponsored Workshop on Spoken Language Understanding. Computing systems now available and affordable for research are proving adequate to support major advances in natural language understanding, speech recognition, machine translation, and other human language technologies. It is now becoming possible to create realistic computer models of human language mechanisms. We also take account of the synergistic advantage of the combined common research interests of NSF and DARPA in artificial intelligence and human language technology. Therefore, the time is ripe for accelerating efforts in these areas of artificial intelligence. This NSF/DARPA joint research initiative has the following objectives: 1) To support the long-term goal of achieving effective, general, human-computer communication through the medium of human language. 2) To accelerate progress in the development of the scientific and technical foundations of automatic human language processing by computer. 3) To broaden the scope of research on human language technology by including novel ideas and approaches beyond those now being pursued in ongoing research programs. 4) To facilitate technology transfer by building on NSF's interest in basic science and DARPA's interest in technology and system-level functionality. To this end, industrial/university collaboration is required in the proposed research. Proposals should be submitted to NSF s Interactive Systems Program. The selection of projects for funding will be made through the normal NSF merit review process with DARPA s participation. Successful proposals will receive support for a three-year period. AREAS OF INTEREST This initiative is dedicated to the general area of human language technology and, in particular, to aspects of human language understanding. There is special interest on fundamental issues common to different languages and to different communication modalities, and on both language production and language recognition/comprehension. Projects with general technical applicability across various languages and modalities are encouraged. Human language is an area of empirical study, and carefully designed corpora for research play a key role in the success of a project. Since the creation of such corpora is a costly endeavor we anticipate that prospective investigators needing such data will make full use of existing corpora. The Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC, 441 Williams Hall, U. of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 215/898-0464, e-mail ehodas@unagi.cis.upenn.edu) is a good source of available corpora supporting research on human language. SCOPE OF SUPPORT This is a one-time solicitation that extends over a three year effort and is expected to provide funding up to $2 million per year. The number and size of awards is contingent on the quality of proposals and the availability of funds. An upper limit of $300,000 per year for three years for research teams of 2-3 researchers is suggested. Awards under this initiative may provide support for principal investigators, graduate students, postdoctoral research associates, specialized equipment and software and databases necessary for the research proposed. Industrial participation is required and collaborative cost- sharing is encouraged. Cost-sharing arrangements must be clearly described in the proposal. PROPOSAL EVALUATION AND AWARD Proposal evaluation and selection will be carried out in a two- stage process. First, proposals will be subject to the usual NSF merit review process. Criteria by which the proposals will be judged are the intrinsic merit of the research, the technical soundness and innovation of the approach, the capability of the investigators, the impact of the proposed research on the infrastructure of science and engineering, and, additionally, by its technology transfer potential. Those proposals identified as being most promising will then be evaluated by a panel of reviewers from the research community for relevance to the objectives of this announcement as listed in the INTRODUCTION and to the areas of interest described under AREAS OF INTEREST. NSF and DARPA will jointly make the final selection, considering the recommendations of the external reviewers. Awards to successful projects will be made through NSF from funding provided by both agencies. INQUIRIES Proposals should be submitted to NSF following the guidelines of the publication NSF 92-89, Grants for Research and Education in Science and Engineering: An Application Guide. For technical information, prospective applicants may contact either NSF or DARPA program office: NSF: Dr. Oscar N. Garcia: (202)-357-9554; ogarcia@nsf.gov; Fax: (202)-357-0320. DARPA: Dr. George R. Doddington: (703)-696-2259; doddington@darpa.mil; Fax: (703)-696-2202. Recent DARPA and NSF publications related to this initiative, including information on existing corpora developed under NSF or DARPA sponsorship, will be provided upon request by contacting the NSF Interactive Systems Program Assistant at (202)-357-9554. WHEN AND WHERE TO APPLY Fifteen (15) copies of the proposal must be addressed to: ANNOUNCEMENT NO. NSF-93-19 NATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATION - PPU 1800 G STREET NW ROOM 233 WASHINGTON DC 20550-0002 and must be received following the guidelines of the publication NSF 92-89 mentioned above by the deadline of May 17, 1993. The cover sheet (NSF Form 1207) must show the Interactive Systems Program as the NSF Organizational Unit to consider the proposal, and the Program Announcement No. NSF-93-19. EQUAL OPPORTUNITY AND PARTICIPATION IN RESEARCH: The Foundation provides awards for research in the sciences and engineering. The awardee is wholly responsible for the conduct of such research and preparation of the results for publication. The Foundation, therefore, does not assume responsibility for such findings or their interpretation. The Foundation welcomes proposals on behalf of all qualified scientists and engineers, and strongly encourages women, minorities, and persons with disabilities to compete fully in any of the research and research-related programs described in this document. In accordance with Federal statutes and regulations and NSF policies, no person on grounds of race, color, age, sex, national origin, or disability shall be excluded from participation in, denied the benefits of, or be subject to discrimination under, any program or activity receiving financial assistance from the National Science Foundation. The Telephonic Device for the Deaf number is (202) 357-7492. Facilitation Awards for Scientists and Engineers with Disabilities provides funding for special assistance or equipment to enable persons with disabilities (investigators and other staff, including student research assistants) to work on an NSF project. See the program announcement, or contact the program coordinator in the Director for Education and Human Resources. ELECTRONIC DISSEMINATION: Information can be obtained rapidly through STIS (Science and Technology Information System), NSF's on-line publishing system, described in NSF 91-10, "STIS flyer". To get a paper copy of the flyer, call the NSF Publications Section at (202) 357-7861. For an electronic copy, send an e- mail message to stisfly@nsf.gov (Internet) or stisfly@nsf (BITNET). ORDERING BY ELECTRONIC MAIL OR BY FAX: If you are a user of electronic mail and have access to either BITNET or Internet, you may order publications electronically. BITNET users should address requests to pubs@nsf and Internet users to pubs@nsf.gov . In your request include the NSF publication number and title, number of copies, your name and a complete mailing address. Printed publications may be ordered by FAX (703/644-4278). Publications should be received within 3 weeks after receipt of request. NATIONAL SECURITY, PRIVACY ACT and PUBLIC BURDEN : The Foundation does not have original classification authority and does not normally support classified projects. It therefore does not anticipate supporting research projects that would be classifiable. Information requested on NSF application material is solicited under the authority of the National Science Foundation Act of 1950, as amended. It will be used in connection with the selection of qualified proposals and may be used and disclosed to qualified reviewers and staff assistants as part of the review process and to other government agencies. See System of Records, NSF-50, Principal Investigator/Proposal File and Associated Records 56 Federal Register 54907 (October 23, 1991). Submission of the information is voluntary. Failure to provide full and complete information, however, may reduce the possibility of your receiving an award. Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 120 hours per response, including the time for reviewing instructions. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspects of this collection of information to: Herman G. Fleming, Reports Clearance Officer, Division of Human Resource Management, NSF, Washington, DC 20550; and to Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (3145-0058), Washington, DC, 20503. Catalog of Federal Domestic Assistance #47.070, Computer and Information Science and Engineering. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Linguist List: Vol-4-206. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-207. Sun 21 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875 Lines: 111 Subject: 4.207 Qs: First time that, voice quality, Rhaeto-Romance, Polish Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 93 20:49:56 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Urgent query: First time that ... 2) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 11:53:16 EST From: mark Subject: classifying voice quality 3) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 93 12:27:31 +1000 From: mdr412@coombs.anu.edu.au Subject: Rhaeto-Romance and Swiss German 4) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1993 22:12 EST From: JAW@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Polish language learning materials -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 93 20:49:56 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Urgent query: First time that ... Does anybody know who (a) came up with the contrast between I asked him what was he up to. *She never even considerd what was he up to. (b) first talked about discovery procedures (it was some neo-Bloomfieldian but which one and where?) Finally, has anybody pointed out that the discovery procedures amounted to the same thing in a different guise as Chomsky's idea of a LAD (or can I take credit for this observation?). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 11:53:16 EST From: mark Subject: classifying voice quality For speech research, we would like to classify speakers by voice as well as by age and sex. Pitch and accent are two important categories, but how should we group/classify speakers within them? Are we overlooking other important dimensions? Does anyone know of an already existing set of voice qualifications, or should we just come up with our own? Mark A. Mandel Dragon Systems, Inc. : speech recognition : +1 617 965-5200 320 Nevada St. : Newton, Mass. 02160, USA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 93 12:27:31 +1000 From: mdr412@coombs.anu.edu.au Subject: Rhaeto-Romance and Swiss German On p. 41 of _Languages in Contact_, Weinreich refers to the fact that both Rhaeto-Romance (Romansch) and a neighbouring Swiss German dialect form the future with the (auxiliary) verb 'come'. This is presumably a case of grammatical transfer by bilingual speakers from one language to the other (that is Weinreich's interpretation). Most writings on the Swiss dialects of Rhaeto-Romance assume that grammatical transfer is generally from German to Rhaeto-Romance, but this one, if correctly recorded, seems to be from Rhaeto-Romance to Swiss German. Can anyone confirm whether this inference is correct? How widespread is the use of 'come' as a future auxiliary in Swiss German dialects? Any hints on this topic would be gratefully received, as would references to any recent work on grammatical transfer involving Rhaeto-Romance and German (other than Haiman's account in Harris and Martin's _The Romance Languages_0. Please reply direct to me. Malcolm Ross. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sat, 20 Mar 1993 22:12 EST From: JAW@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Polish language learning materials Can anyone help me find Polish language learning materials for SL classroom (for US students at college level? I'm starting a course, but I have no books. Any infor greatly appreciated. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-207. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-208. Sun 21 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875 Lines: 65 Subject: 4.208 Jobs: Phonology, Phonetics Research Stipends in Berlin Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 15:36 MET From: Roland Noske Subject: jobs/stipends: Berlin: phonology, phonetics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 18 Mar 93 15:36 MET From: Roland Noske Subject: jobs/stipends: Berlin: phonology, phonetics Research Centre General Linguistics, Berlin: positions: starting as soon as possible, initially until the end of 1994: 1 research position in Autosegmental/Metrical/Lexical Phonology Requirements: doctorate in phonology, proven background in modern hierarchical phonological theory. Salary scale: BAT 2 O 1 graduate stipend in phonology This is a position in which the primary responsibility is carrying out research for a dissertation and writing that dissertation. Requirements: MA with specialisation in phonology, sound background in modern phonological theory. Background in historical phonology and language change is considered an asset. Salary scale: BAT 2 O, half time 1 graduate stipend in phonetics This is a position in which the primary responsibility is carrying out research for a dissertation and writing that dissertation. Requirements: university degree in phonetics (and possibly linguistics) Tasks: experimental phonetic research on articulation and the phonetics/phonology interface. Salary scale: BAT 2 O, half time The Research Centre, which at present employs 15 linguists of various specializations, is being developed into a centre of fundamental linguistic research in connection with the universities in the Berlin area. This creates possibilities for teaching, self-qualification and interdisciplinary cooperation. A phonetics laboratory is being set up. Please send your application by April 20, 1993 with the usual documents and an outline of your own research projects (for the stipends: a thesis proposal) to: Forschungsschwerpunkt Allgemeine Sprachwissenschaft der Foerderungsgesellschaft Wissenschaftliche Neuvorhaben mbH Prenzlauer Promenade 149 - 152 O-1100 Berlin Germany Tel: +49 (0)30-479 7125 Fax: +49 (0)30-472 2023 (attn: Forschungsschwerpunkt Allg. Sprachwissenschaft) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-208. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-209. Sun 21 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875 Lines: 147 Subject: 4.209 Pro-drop Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 18 Mar 1993 15:27:00 -0600 (CST) From: Mike Maxwell 6369 Subject: Pro-drop 2) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 11:44:27 +0100 From: HASPELMATH@philologie.fu-berlin.dbp.de Subject: initial material drop 3) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 18:53:03 EDT From: H.Stephen Straight Subject: Phonological PRO-DROP -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 18 Mar 1993 15:27:00 -0600 (CST) From: Mike Maxwell 6369 Subject: Pro-drop Re the on-going pro-drop issue, Douglas Purl writes: > It would help in this discussion if someone would lay out > rigorous ground rules. For example, pro-drop of objects has > been mentioned lately... Now I can define an object as the > necessary condition of a transitive verb... Or, I could define > objects as merely sufficient conditions for transitive verbs, > and posit a complex set of rules for determining transitivity > with suppressed objects... If an object (or subject, etc.) is > the necessary condition for a certain feature (say a verb), then > there can be no pro-drop, can there? Good question. If only I had a good answer... I guess this is an issue that keeps coming up in this discussion; A says "B's theory of pro-drop doesn't work because of language X", and B says "language X doesn't have pro-drop, it has something else." Let me toss out a sufficient (but not necessary) condition to decide whether a verb is transitive in a language which allows null pronominalization in object position. Many of the languages which I would judge as being object pro-drop, e.g. Shuar (a Jivaroan language of Ecuador) have object agreement marking on the verb (although usually third person is unmarked). These are clearly affixes, not clitics (e.g. they go inside other things which are pretty clearly affixes). (One might argue about whether object clitics in Romance languages constitute "real" pronouns, but I'll avoid that issue.) So if a verb can take object agreement, it's transitive, otherwise not. (This assumes we can distinguish affected objects or other pseudo-objects.) Alternatively, consider a language for which no verb requires explicit object pronouns. On the assumption that a language must have at least some transitive verbs, such a language must be object pro-drop, even though we might argue as to whether some particular verb is transitive. (However, someone might argue that such a language has a productive lexical rule of detransitivization--in fact, that might be one account of object pro-drop.) Mike Maxwell maxwell@a1.jaars.sil.org --Boundary (ID fDcHLNvUfI72uXnkdUWqOQ)-- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 11:44:27 +0100 From: HASPELMATH@philologie.fu-berlin.dbp.de Subject: initial material drop The analysis of alleged English pro-drop as the omission of pragmatically recoverbale initial material receives support from German, where elements in the forefield (before the finite verb in complementizerless declarative clauses) may be omitted when pragmatically recoverable, independently of whether they are subjects, objects, or obliques: Koennte interessant sein. '(That) could be interesting.' Hab ich gehoert. (< Das hab ich gehoert.) '(That) I have heard.' Bin ich gegen. (< Da bin ich gegen. = Dagegen bin ich.) '(That) I'm against.' Omission in non-initial position is never possible: *Ich hab gehoert. *Ich bin gegen. My feeling is that initial objects and obliques are even easier to omit than initial subjects, but one would have to check this systematically. I think such cases have been treated in the theoretical literature in the last ten years, but I don't know where. Martin Haspelmath, Free University of Berlin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 93 18:53:03 EDT From: H.Stephen Straight Subject: Phonological PRO-DROP The combination of Richard Hudson's, Richard Ogden's, and Leo Connolly's contributions on alleged instances of pro-drop in English all bring to a head the problem lurking in any deletion-dependent account of language. Even if a strictly phonological account of English pro-drop as apocope or truncation or non-production depends critically on the claim that something is present for the speaker (covertly) and presumably recovered by the listener (covertly) during the process of speech emission and reception that occurs between them. So, if the production of the initial pronoun (and auxiliary) is absent (whether because it was not present to begin with or because it was deleted before it got to Broca's area or because Broca's area can be inhibited--presumably by a constantly premonitoring Wernicke's area--to result in non-production of non-essential beginning words), then the evidence for the "missing" stuff might come from two different sources. First, there's the evidence of language production: careful analysis of speech data might reveal barely perceptible or even imperceptible but physically measurable vestiges of the missing material. Second, there's the evidence of language reception: listener's might treat the truncated message identically in every respect to it non-truncated counterpart, even to the extent of believing that the missing material had been present, but at least to the extent of strongly inferring its "existence". In either case, however, the phonological "explaining away" of alleged instances of pro-drop in English depends upon a process of interpretation by listeners that must in many respects parallel what someone who listens to a "true" pro-drop language must do. So maybe English is pro-drop for listeners but not for speakers? H. Stephen Straight, Anthropology and Linguistics, Binghamton University E-mail: or Voice: 607-777-2824 FAX: 607-777-2477 (Anthro Dept), 607-777-2889 (LxC) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-209. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-210. Tue 23 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 118 Subject: 4.210 LINGUIST Development Fund Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 15:05:29 -0500 From: hdry@emunix.emich.edu (Helen Dry) Subject: LINGUIST Development Fund -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 15:05:29 -0500 From: hdry@emunix.emich.edu (Helen Dry) Subject: LINGUIST Development Fund The LINGUIST Development Fund has reached $2458.00, thanks to the generosity of the people listed below. So, once again, we want to extend sincere thanks to those of you who have contributed. Contributions should be sent to: The EMU LINGUIST Development Fund c/o Dept. of English Language and Lit Eastern Michigan U. Ypsilanti, MI 48197 They are tax deductible; and we will send you a written receipt upon request. We'd also like to thank you for the notes and good wishes you've included with checks. We were--as you might imagine--quite reluctant to begin asking for money (so declasse, dontcha know?). So the collegial spirit in which you have responded is particularly appreciated. --Helen & Anthony Supporters (under $50) Barbara Abbott Mark Aronoff Maher M. Awad Mark Balhorn Robert Beard Elabbas Benmamoun Garland Bills Donna Halperin Biasca Wayles Browne Joseph Brown Rosemary Buck Alan Cienki Linda K. Coleman Bernard Comrie Donna Cromer E. Dean Detrich Stanley Dubinsky Julia Falk Susan Fischer Michael Flynn Lawrence Foley Donald Frantz John Gilbert Frank Gladney W. T. Gordon Alan C. Harris James Harris Kathryn Harris George & Mary Huttar Frances Ingemann Yoshiko Ito Jeff Kaplan Judith Klavans William Labov Peter Ladefoged Daniel Le Flem John Limber Tim Montler Pam Munro & Allen Munro Geoff Nathan Mary Niepokuj Barbara Partee Susan Pintzuk Gary Prideaux Makoto Shimizu Marian & Lloyd Shapley Shigeru Tsuchida Samuel Wang Rebecca Wheeler Ronnie B. Wilbur Wendy Wilkins Maggie Winter Elji Yamada Supporters' ($50 - $100) L William Dowling Karen Jensen Donna Peterson ((w/ matching funds from MICROSOFT CORP.) Joe Salmons & Monica Macaulay Wlodek Zadrozny OHIO STATE U. LINGUISTICS DEPT. Supporters" ($100 or over) Vicki Fromkin Kazuto Matsumura Arnold Zwicky MOUTON de GRUYTER (via Marie-Louise Liebe-Harkort) JOHN BENJAMINS (via Paul Peranteau) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-210. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-211. Tue 23 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 190 Subject: 4.211 Conferences: FLSM, ESCOL Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 12:22:27 CST From: Chris Culy Subject: FLSM conference schedule 2) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 13:28:09 EST From: Eastern States Conference on Linguistics Subject: Reminder: ESCOL 93 -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 19 Mar 1993 12:22:27 CST From: Chris Culy Subject: FLSM conference schedule FLSM IV FOURTH MEETING OF THE FORMAL LINGUISTICS SOCIETY OF MID-AMERICA at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa , April 16-18, 1993 Preliminary Schedule (3/10/93) Friday, April 16, 1993 - Shambaugh Auditorium 1:00 Registration 1:30 Opening Remarks Session 1 2:00 Rudin, Catherine, Wayne State College. "On Focus Position and Focus Marking in Bulgarian" 2:30 Franks, Steven, Indiana University. "The Partitive Nature of Genitive Adjuncts in Slavic" 3:00 Schneider-Zioga, Patricia, University of Southern California. "The Structural Representation of Clitic-Doubling Constructions in Modern Greek" 3:30 BREAK Session 2 3:50 Seely, T. Daniel, Eastern Michigan University. "The Syntax of PluralPronominals" 4:20 Dubinsky, Stanley & Williams, Kemp, University of South Carolina. "Recategorization in English : The Case of Temporal Prepositions as Complementizers" 4:50 Janis, Wynne D., Purdue Univeristy. "Licensing Arguments through Verbal Morphology" 5:20 DINNER BREAK 7:30 Invited Speaker - CSB 101: Chung, Sandra, University of California, Santa Cruz. "Extraction of Nonarguments in Chamorro" Saturday, April 17, 1993 - CSB 101 Session 3 9:00 Hoshi, Hiroto, University of Connecticut. "Syntactic Affixation and Excorporation in Romance Causatives and in Japanese Passives" 9:30 Miyamoto, Yoichi, University of Connecticut. "Evidence for Pro-PP in Japanese" 10:00 Fujita, Naoya, University of Rochester. "Floating Quantifiers and Adverbs in Japanese" 10:30 BREAK Session 4 10:50 Carter, Juli, A. University of Massachusetts, Amherst."The Lexical Status of Inflectional Affixes" 11:20 Pritchett, Bradley L., Carnegie Mellon University. "Antecedent Priming in Head-Movement Contexts" 11:50 LUNCH BREAK 1:30 Invited Speaker: Kenstowicz, Michael, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. TO BE ANNOUNCED 2:30 BREAK Session 5 2:40 Bosch, Anna, University of Kentucky. "Syncope & Epenthesis in Scottish Gaelic : Rules & Phonotactics" 3:10 Beckman, Jill N., University of Massachusetts, Amherst and Ohio State University. "Constraint Interaction and Subsegmental Organization in Zulu" 3:40 Peng, Long, University of Rochester. "Representational Simplicity and Kikuyu ATR Harmony" 4:10 BREAK Session 6 4:30 Kim, Soo-Yeon, Harvard University. "A Pragmatic Analysis of Long Distance Anaphors" 5:00 Lin, Jo-Wang, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. "Object Expletives,the Projection Principle and Raising to Object" 5:30 Herberger, Elena, University of Southern California. "Focus and the LF of NP Quantification" 6:00 BUSINESS MEETING 8:30 PARTY Sunday, April 18, 1993 - CSB 101 Session 7 9:30 Zidani-Eroglu, Leyla, University of Wisconsin, Madison. "Nominative Case and ECM in Turkish" 10:00 Bhatt, Rakesh M., University of Illinois, Urbana. "The Case of Quirky Constructions" 10:30 Carstens, Vicki, Cornell University. "Deriving Agreement's Content & Distribution" 11:00 BREAK Session 8 11:20 Campana, Mark, McGill University. "Argument Association in an Ergative Language" 11:50 Tunstall, Susanne, University of Massachusetts, Amherst. "Aspectual Perception Complements and the Theory of Case" FOR MORE INFORMATION CONTACT: Department of Linguistics, University of Iowa, EPB 570 Iowa City, IA 52242-1408 e-mail: linguistics-flsm@uiowa.edu e-mail: rchametz@umaxc.weeg.uiowa.edu 319-335-0216 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 13:28:09 EST From: Eastern States Conference on Linguistics Subject: Reminder: ESCOL 93 Please post TENTH ANNUAL MEETING OF THE EASTERN STATES CONFERENCE ON LINGUISTICS ESCOL `93 CALL FOR PAPERS The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio. August 6-8, 1993 (Immediately following the LSA Institute at OSU) Invited Speakers include: Nick Clements (Cornell University/CNRS) Nirit Kadmon (Tel Aviv University) Janet Pierrehumbert (Northwestern University) Carl Pollard (Ohio State University) Abstracts are invited for 20-minute talks (+10 minutes discussion) in all areas of theoretical linguistics. In- quiries may be addressed via e-mail to: escol@ling.ohio-state.edu. Requirements: Any individual may submit one individual and one joint abstract. Abstracts must be no more than one standard page, single-spaced (a separate sheet for data/references is accept- able). Five copies of the abstract should be submitted. Abstracts should be anonymous. Each submission should be accom- panied by a 3x5 card containing: 1. the author's name 2. title of the paper 3. the author's address and affiliation (incl. phone number) 4. e-mail address (if available). Abstracts must be received by: May 15, 1993. Presented papers will be published by the Department of Modern Languages and Linguistics at Cornell University. Abstracts should be submitted to: ESCOL 1993 Department of Linguistics The Ohio State University 222 Oxley Hall 1712 Neil Ave. Columbus, OH 43210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-211. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-212. Tue 23 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 632 Subject: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 13:10:10 SST From: David Gil Subject: Summary: Adjectives -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 13:10:10 SST From: David Gil Subject: Summary: Adjectives ***** ADJECTIVE QUERY, SUMMARY OF RESPONSES ***** THE ORIGINAL QUERY: Is anybody familiar with a language, other than English, with a construction of the following form? "I want the RED ONE" I am interested in the extent to which different languages permit adjectives to stand by themselves as complete NPs. While some languages (eg. French, Hebrew) allow bare adjectives to occur in NP positions, others (eg. Malay, Mandarin) make use of a nominalizing particle or affix (eg. "yang" and "de" respectively). English is the only language I know of that requires a dummy noun "one". So I would be curious to find out how unique English is in this respect. (Also, I would be interested if anybody is familiar with any other kinds of morphosyntactic strategies to enable adjectives to occur in NP positions.) ------------------------------------------------------- SUMMARY OF RESPONSES: The responses were as heterogeneous as are the participants of the linguist list. Some constructions resembling the English "red one" construction were cited in Danish, Norwegian, Gaelic, and Breton (suggesting a possible NW European sprachbund), and, elsewhere, Sinhalese and Ndyuka (an English-based creole of Suriname). In other instances, constructions were offered presenting analytical problems, in that it is not clear (at least to me) whether they should be grouped together with the English "red one" construction; among these are the Spanish indefinite article (historicaly derived from the numeral "one"), the Dravidian nominalizing suffixes (possessing many pronominal features), and--from three respondents--the Japanese "no" construction (which may perhaps be more closely akin to the Malay/Mandarin nominalizing particles). Finally, a few respondents pointed to some problems regarding the "reed one" constrution in English. In what follows (at some length), I have provided a minimally edited summary of the responses, listed according to language, in rough geographical/genetic order. ------------------------------------------------------- ENGLISH (Larry G. Hutchinson, David Powers, Anonymous) English allows adjectives as NP heads fairly easily, it seems to me. The carnivorous are ferocious. She bought the blue scarves, and I the red. Bantu languages and many typologically similar African languages freely allow adjectives to take nominal prefixes. In Temne (West Atlantic), for example, you can have Obai ubana "The big chief" and Obana "The big". ******************** Even in English, I don't think it is so clear - and it is not clear that one is a noun here. It is clearly anaphorical, and differs from the version where one is a noun, and we are playing with cards with black and red numbers written on them, for example. Red can stand alone : Black or Red? Do you want the black or the red (pen)? Red. The red. The red one. Anyway, I am interested in what responses you get. I would imagine that such a usage would only occur in an uninflected language. In an inflected language, the marking distinguishes function - and a language like German has different systems of inflexion for adjectives in three different contexts (one of which is this one) and remain distinguishable from real nouns (in at least some cases). ******************** As only a Ph.D. student, I hesitate to contribute (and please don't mention my name in any summary), but it seems to me that the nature of English "one" is more problematic than your characterization of "dummy noun" would imply. Greenbaum & Quirk call it a "pro-form" and "nominal expression". I note the following asymmetries between "one" and common nouns: I want one | * red one | * hat | * red hat I want * the one | the red one | the hat | the red hat I want * a one | a red one | a hat | a red hat I point this out because, as a student of Japanese, I am not sure how much difference there is between "one" and the Japanese morpheme "no"in this context: "akai no" = "red one" Note also the similarity in relative formation: [ Kim ga motteiru no ] wo mita = I saw the [ one Kim has ] ------------------------------------------------------- DUTCH (Jan-Wouter Zwart) the red one: Dutch `de rode' the red car: -- `de rode auto' non-inflected form = `rood' (`o' and `oo' sound the same, spelling is dependent on syllabification) `rood' appears in the neuter indefinites: a red book: `een rood boek' a red one (meaning book): `een rood' or `een rode'. ------------------------------------------------------- GERMAN (William Edmondson) In reply to your query. I am learning German at the moment - slowly, and not very effectively. However, the adjective system there is fascinating. It is at least plausible that the analysis available for isolated adjectives as NPs (possible in German) conforms to your requirements. There is no need for a separate WORD, but the adjective must carry case/gender markings not otherwise required. ------------------------------------------------------- DANISH (Ole Ravnholt) Danish may be an example: In definite nominals the head is NEVER substituted but can be elided: den r|de the red "the red one" In indefinite nominals, however, there is a (slightly nonstandard??, but commonly used by children, at least) possibility for substitution by EN ("one"), so that you have both en r|d a red "a red one" en r|d en a red one "a red one" ------------------------------------------------------- NORWEGIAN (Arnfinn M. Vonen) Concerning your query on As as NPs: In both standards of Norwegian (Bokmaal and Nynorsk), referential count NPs containing an adjective and lacking a contextually recoverable noun have an optional "dummy" that agrees in gender with the understood noun (ex. from Bokmaal; the numeral "one", as in English, has the same forms as the "dummy"): Indefinite: SG.MASC en hvit (en) 'a white one' SG.FEM ei hvit (ei) 'a white one' SG.NEUT et hvitt (et) 'a white one' PL noen hvite (noen) 'some white ones' Definite: SG.MASC den hvite 'the white one' SG.FEM den hvite 'the white one' SG.NEUT det hvite 'the white one' PL de hvite 'the white ones' The semantic difference between, e.g., "en hvit" and "en hvit en" is elusive, perhaps it is mainly stylistic; the dummy seems to be preferred in the singular in colloquial speech. Norwegians with intuitions in standard-like dialects may be able to help you there. More "exotic", perhaps, are the following paradigms from my native (non-standard) dialect of the Trondheim area. There, indefinite singulars seem to require the "dummy"; in the plural, however, zero is OK (beware: informal transcriptions!): Indefinite: SG.MASC en kvit *(en) 'a white one' SG.FEM ei kvit *(ei) 'a white one' SG.NEUT et kvitt *(et) 'a white one' PL non kvite (*non) 'some white ones' The definite paradigm, on the other hand, shows another strategy: Definite: SG.MASC kvitn (*en) 'the white one' SG.FEM kvita (*ei) 'the white one' SG.NEUT kvite (*et) 'the white one' PL kvitan (*non) 'the white ones' No pre- or postposed elements are required, and the A takes a special set of suffixes. These look like the definite suffixes of the most productive declensional classes of nouns, but cannot be identified with the suffix of the understood noun, since some nouns take other suffixes, whereas the adjective suffix is invariable. E.g., "kvit-e bil-an" 'the white cars' and "kvit-e mus-en" 'the white mice' both correspond to the N-less NP "kvit-an" 'the white ones', whereas there is no *"kvit-en". If there are several adjectives in the phrase only the last one gets the special "nominal" suffix: "ny-e kvit-an" 'the new white ones'. The A with the "nominal" suffix may still take adverbial modifiers: "aller kvitest-an" 'the very whitest ones'. If you find this somehow interesting, please feel free to ask for details. I also look forward to knowing what you find out about the topic in general. ------------------------------------------------------- GAELIC (Caoimhin P. ODonnaile) Scottish Gaelic: Tha mi ag iarraidh an fhear dearg (masculine nouns) Be I a' seeking the masculine thing red Tha mi ag iarraidh an te dearg (feminine nouns) Be I a' seeking the feminine thing red Irish Gaelic: Ta me ag iarraidh an cheann dearg (inanimate nouns) Be I a' seeking the thing red I have glossed fear masculine thing te as feminine thing respectively ceann thing but really the situation is this: "fear" means "man" and "ceann" means "head" (in both languages), but in Scottish Gaelic "fear" and "te" are used as sorts of pronouns, according to whether the object is grammatically masculine or feminine and regardless of whether it is animate or inanimate. In Irish Gaelic, however, the split is according to whether the object is animate or inanimate, "ceann" being used for the former and "te" for the latter, regardless of sex. The word "iarraidh" means "seeking, requesting, actively wanting". A more passive kind of desire or need is expressed differently. However, I don't think this is what you are interested in, and the "dummy nouns" remain the same. I haven't bothered to indicate acute accents in the spelling, and the fine details of the grammar (use of genitive case) may be wrong or subject to argument. I can check the details of the grammar if you need this. There's a list WELSH-L@IRLEARN.UCD.IE where you (or I, if you like) could inquire about the P-Celtic languages. I only know about Gaelic. ------------------------------------------------------- BRETON (Greg Stump) Breton is parallel to English in this regard. There is a dummy noun _hini_ (plural _re_) that is essentially like English _one(s)_: _an hini ruz_ `the red one', _ar re ruz_ `the red ones'. ------------------------------------------------------- SPANISH (Bill Robboy, Jeff Runner) In Spanish, `I have a/one red dress' is Tengo un vestido rojo. I.have a dress red where _un_ is the normal masc. sg. form of the article/numeral `a/one' in prenominal position. `I have one', with identity-of-sense anaphora with a masc. sg. antecedent, is Tengo uno. I.have one where yu have _uno_, the form also used for masc. sg. `one' as a predicate (`we are one'), a pronoun with generic (right term?) reference (`one does what one can'), or a mathematical object. `I have a red one', again with identity-of-sense anaphora with a masc. sg. antecedent, is Tengo uno rojo. The following are bad: *Tengo uno vestido rojo. *Tengo un. *Tengo un rojo. The facts are similar with at least a couple of other determiners (and pronouns?) whose masc. sg. forms are shorter in prenominal contexts than other contexts. Tienes algu'n vestido rojo? `Do you have any red dress?' Tienes alguno? `Do you have any (masc. sg.)?' Tienes alguno rojo? `Do you have any red one (masc. sg.)?' *Tienes alguno vestido rojo? *Tienes algu'n? *Tienes algu'n rojo? No tengo ningu'n vestido rojo. `I don't have any red dress.' No tengo ninguno. `I don't have any (masc. sg.).' No tengo ninguno rojo. `I don't have any red one (masc. sg.).' *No tengo ninguno vestido rojo. *No tengo ningu'n. *No tengo ningu'n rojo. (u' here represents u with an acute accent over it. Orthographically there should also be an upside-down question mark at the beginning of the questions.) I should say that I'm not a native Spanish-speaker and haven't actually sat down and checked all this with one, but I know the language quite well and these facts are pretty elementary ones that should be easily verifiable. On the face of it, they would seem to be susceptible to more than one analysis, but at least it's clear that you can't simply plug in an adjective in place of a nominal -- at least not without some morphosyntactic adjustments. ******************** in response to your message on linguist, i think that spanish has the kind of construction you're interested in. as far as i know the following sentence is correct (i'm not a native speaker): quiero el rojo want-1sg the-masc red-masc 'i want the red (one).' the adjective can be "nominalized" by using the definite determiner. i don't know much more about it than that, though. ------------------------------------------------------- GREEK, ANCIENT (David Brandt) In ancient Greek, the distinction between noun and adjective is very blurry, since the substantive use of the adjective is extremely common. At any place in a sentence, all an adjective has to do to function as a noun is simply stand by itself. (In such an instance, it's usually translated with a bland noun, such as "man" or "thing.") ------------------------------------------------------- BULGARIAN (Grace Fielder) If I understand your question correctly, you would like to know that Bulgarian allows the adjective to stand alone, although in the meaning of The Red (One), it will have the definite article: Iskam krasnija (where -ija is a definite article). The South Slavic Languages have this definite:indefinite distinction, which is manifested differently in the other (North) Slavic group. ------------------------------------------------------- RUSSIAN -- see Mandarin Chinese ------------------------------------------------------- HUNGARIAN (Istvan Kenesei) Of course Hungarian is one of the lanuages you're looking for, cf. e.g.: Mari a fekete kalap-ot vette meg, Anna pedig a piros-at. M. the black hat-ACC bought PERF A. however the read-ACC 'Mary bought the black hat, and Anna the red one.' ------------------------------------------------------- SINHALESE (John C. Paolillo) Sinhala, an Indo-Aryan language spoken in Sri Lanka, also uses the numeral "one" as a nominalizer for adjectives. Tamil, a Dravidian language, uses a form _itu_, etymologically a pronoun. Imbabura Quechua (see Peter Cole's Monograph) has a somewhat different strategy which may indicate an intermediate status for Adj -- bare adjectives can bear nominal markings (e.g. accusative case) in nominal positions, but in adjectival positions they do not. ------------------------------------------------------- TAMIL -- see Sinhalese ------------------------------------------------------- DRAVIDIAN (Kodama Nozomi) In reference to your QUERY: ADJECTIVES dated 16/03/93 Dravidian languages make use of a series of nominalizing affixes to have a complete NP without its head noun. The entire process is often referred to as pronominalization since these affixes are almost homophonous with the distant demonstrative pronouns. Following examples are from Telugu: naa "my", naa-di "mine" f&n.sg., adi "that, she" f&n.sg. erra "red", erra-vi "red ones" n.pl., avi "those, they" n.pl. nii-laaNTi (oka abbaayi) "(a boy) like you", nii-laaNTi-vaaDu "someone like you" m.sg., vaaDu "that man, he" puli-ni camp-ina-vaaLLu 'tiger-ACC kill-PP-m&f.pl.' "those who (will have) killed the tiger", vaaLLu "they" m&f.pl. erra-vaaTi(-loo) "(among) red ones" n.pl.OBL., vaaTi "they" OBL mana-laaNti-vaaLL-am "people like you and me (incl. us)"m&f.pl.- 1pl.NOM. *vaaLL-am cf. (manam) hinduvul-am "we Hindus" 1pl(INCL).NOM. As seen from the examples, these affixes are not mere nominalizers but markers of inflexional categories i.e. gender, number, case and, for NOM, person-number, which all require to be specified for any NP. The English dummy functions similarly in this respect. The difference in morphological status may be ascribed to the fact that English allows coordinated modifiers in NPs while Telugu does not. I sometimes suspect that the so-called head noun of an NP may be modifiers of the real head, Spec. ------------------------------------------------------- MANDARIN CHINESE (Ed Rubin) Hi. Your query was of interest to me because I've just completed writing a section of my dissertation which deals extensively with some of the data that you mentioned, namely the Mandarin 'de' in post-coplula position. My work actually deals with this material from a quite different viewpoint, that is, I'm primarily interested in the morpheme 'de' itself, which I claim is a morpheme that marks (in GB terms, 'heads') a modifier, and does not function as a nominalizer. Nevertheless, as an example of the phenomenon which your concerned with, those data are quite appropriate. You might be interested to know that there is a significant (or at least detectable) difference in meaning between the two copula constructions of Mandarin, the one with and the one without the copula. In the latter, where 'de' is not present, the adjective is understood as 'absolutive', in the sense that itsdenotation holds of the subject in absolute terms: Mandarin 'that insect big' means that the insect is large in an absolute sense. In the other copula construction, where there is an overt copula and 'de', themeaning is relative. Mandarin 'that insect shi big-de' means that it is a big insect, even though it might be quite small in absolute terms. This might be explained if we hold that there is a null nominal head in the shi-de construction which picks up its denotation from the context, or the subject, or in some other, broadly construed anaphoric way. The null nominal head theory also gives us a natural way of predicting the presence of 'de', and not some other 'nominalizing morpheme', under the analysis of DE which I propose in my dissertation: it is 'de' precisely because all modifiers of nouns, even null ones, are marked with 'de'. Interestingly, a similar distinction in interpretation occurs when PPs occur in the two copula constructions. I got the idea to look at this distinction in meaning in Chinese when reading about the so-called long and short form adjectives in Russian. Ican't remember any of the specific citations right off the top of myhead, but Leonard Babby, Muffy Seigal (sp?) and John Bailyn (a collegue of mine here at Cornell) all discuss the difference in meaning mentioned above, and basically they all conclude that the long form adjectives of Russian, when in predicate position, modify a null noun. So Russian has some data for you. ------------------------------------------------------- JAPANESE (Peter Austin, David J. Silva, Robert Westmoreland) -- see English Japanese is a language of the type you seek. It has an empty nominal 'no' that is used with adjectives to head an NP, eg. akai no ga suki desuo red one subj likable copula "I like the red one" Some adjective-like elements in Japanese are nominal-adjectives. These take 'na' before 'no', as in: suki na no wa akai no desu likeable na one topic red one copula 'The one I like is the red one" This 'no' can also serve to head NPs with nominal modifiers. Usually when a nominal modifies a head (eg. in a posessive construction) the genitive particle'no' appears - you don't get two 'no' however: suzuki san no ga suki desu Suzuki Mr/s one subj likeable copula "I like Mr/s Suzuki's one" Notice that this 'no' empty nominal can also head relative clauses in Japnese. ******************** I don't know a whole lot about Japanese, but as I recall, there are constructions such as "akai no" 'red one' and "takai no" 'high/tall one' and "furui no" 'old one', where "no" is some sort of dummy N that supports the Adjective. An analogous situation holds for Korean (whichI have a much better handle on) in phrases like "ppalgan gEs" 'red one' and 'cohUn gEs' "good one" -- here [gEs] (where "E" = schwa or open 'o') is a morpheme meaning "thing". It also is used as a dummy noun, both in these adjectival constructs and in sentential constructs: wurinun hakkyoe mos ganun gesi cohci anhta. we school-to not going THING good not "Our not going to school is not good" or better yet "The fact that we can't go to school is not good" These are suggestions from me--of course, I'd check 'em out w/ native speakers. ******************** Japanese has a parallel constuction (although the parallel may not be immediately obvious in a translation of your example sentence because the way one expresses "I want X" is quite different!) Akai no ga hosii. akai (adj) = 'red' no (noun?) = 'one' ga ("particle") = subject/nom case marker hosii (adj) = 'want' Here are some more sentences: Mina akai no o katta. 'Everybody bought red ones.' mina (pronoun?) = 'everybody' o (pcl) = direct obj/acc case marker katta (verb, past) = 'bought' Hurui no wa yasui. 'The old one is cheaper.' hurui (adj) = 'old' wa (pcl) = topic marker yasui (adj) = 'cheap' ------------------------------------------------------- KOSRAEAN (Martin Haspelmath) here+s another example of a de/yang-type element. It comes from Kosraean (Lee, Kee-dong. 1975. Kusaiean reference grammar. UP of Hawaii.), p. 379: the word is ma: Pahpah el ahsack ik na luhlahp soko a ninac el ahsack ma na srihksrihk soko. father caught fish big mother caught "one" small "Father caught a big fish but mother caught a very small one." Interestingly, ma is also used to introduce relative clauses, like de/yang: Oak soko ma nga orwaclah ah tihli. canoe that I made sank "The canoe that I made sank." ------------------------------------------------------- NDYUKA (George Huttar) Ndyuka, an "English-based" creole of Suriname, uses _wan_ 'one' afteradjective in a structure parallel to the English one: Mi wani a lebi wan. 'I want the red one.' 1s want the-sg red one _wan_ in this environment is unstressed (and carries low tone), as it does prenominally when functioning as indef. sg. art. It is stressed (and has high tone) when it is the numeral 'one'. ------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-212. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-213. Tue 23 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 105 Subject: 4.213 Qs: NLP and Presupposition, Internships, French, Ramsay Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 20:07:00 BD3 From: Luiz Arthur Pagani Subject: Looking for Una semantica computacional... 2) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1993 17:49 EST From: Alan Cienki Subject: Internships in linguistics? 3) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 10:19:40 CET From: Piet=Mertens%users%LW@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be Subject: Query: frequency of phonemes in French 4) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1993 11:51:12 +0800 From: jtauber@tartarus.uwa.edu.au (James Tauber) Subject: Allen Ramsay address? -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 20:07:00 BD3 From: Luiz Arthur Pagani Subject: Looking for Una semantica computacional... I've read in _Theoria_ an essay on Montague Grammar and the authors offered a copy of the text of the Prolog program that is "a semantic interpreter capable of analysing an important fragment of the Spanish language". I'm trying to work on computational formalization on presupposition in Por- tuguese and this material could be very important to me. But there isn't in the essay the address from where we can obtain the program. Can anyone help me? If there exists other informations about computational formalization that you believe can help me, I thank you in advance. | Luiz Arthur Pagani | | Depart. Letras Vernaculas e Classicas | Tel: (0432) 21-2000 | | Centro de Letras e Ciencias Humanas | Ramal 428 | | Universidade Estadual de Londrina |------------------------------| | Londrina - Parana' - Brasil | Fax: (0432) 27-6932 | | Caixa Postal 6001 - CEP 86051-970 | e-mail: arthur@brfuel.bitnet | -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 1993 17:49 EST From: Alan Cienki Subject: Internships in linguistics? One of my students would like any information on internships in linguistics in the U.S. If you have any helpful information, please contact me, Alan Cienki, at LANAC@EMUVM1.CC.EMORY.EDU or LANAC@EMUVM1.BITNET, or at Russian Studies Dept. 406 Candler Library Emory University Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Thanks very much. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 10:19:40 CET From: Piet=Mertens%users%LW@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be Subject: Query: frequency of phonemes in French Bonjour, Could someone help me to find references on the frequency of occurrence of phonemes (individual sounds, consonant clusters, or longer sequences) in French. Please reply directly to pmertens@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be I will post a summary to the list. Thanks, Piet Mertens, K.U.Leuven (Belgium) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sun, 21 Mar 1993 11:51:12 +0800 From: jtauber@tartarus.uwa.edu.au (James Tauber) Subject: Allen Ramsay address? Can somebody please tell me Allen Ramsay's Internet address? LINGUISTS gives it as a_ramsay@cs.ucd.ie but this isn't working! Thanks James Tauber jtauber@tartarus.uwa.edu.au -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-213. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-214. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 71 Subject: 4.214 Qs: R-deletion, made to leave Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 11:01:50 -0800 From: jkaplan@sciences.sdsu.edu Subject: history of r-deletion 2) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 15:35 CST From: George Aaron Broadwell Subject: query: made to leave -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 22 Mar 93 11:01:50 -0800 From: jkaplan@sciences.sdsu.edu Subject: history of r-deletion I once read something that I believe was a 1930s New York City schools document instructing teachers that [r]-deletion was correct, or at least that [r]-pronunciation (_C or _#) was "unnecessary." Does anyone have an idea where such an instruction might have appeared? I'd be grateful for a cite or any suggestions as to where to look. Jeff Kaplan Linguistics San Diego State University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 15:35 CST From: George Aaron Broadwell Subject: query: made to leave A student in my syntax class asked about the following contrast in grammatical- ity: I made John leave. *I made John to leave. *?John was made leave. John was made to leave. I was made to appear foolish by not knowing what is responsible for the contrast. If the complement of *make* is a small clause, then why is the passive ungrammatical, given examples like *He was considered foolish*? If the complement in the passive is an infinitival IP, then why is this structure unavailable in the active? Respond to me personally, and I'll summarize. Aaron Broadwell Univ. of Oklahoma aa2492@uokmvs.bitnet -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-214. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-215. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 123 Subject: 4.215 Adjectives Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 18:57:14 +0100 From: David Powers Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads 2) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 22:14:31 GMT From: Ivan A Derzhanski Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads 3) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 12:18:47 EST From: Geoffrey Russom Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 18:57:14 +0100 From: David Powers Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads > As only a Ph.D. student, I hesitate to contribute (and please > don't mention my name in any summary), but it seems to me that > the nature of English "one" is more problematic than your > characterization of "dummy noun" would imply. Greenbaum & Quirk > call it a "pro-form" and "nominal expression". I note the following > asymmetries between "one" and common nouns: > > I want one | * red one | * hat | * red hat > red > I want * the one | the red one | the hat | the red hat > the red > I want * a one | a red one | a hat | a red hat > ? a red This is in interesting table, and I have annotated it with the cases for implied noun or nominalization. The question mark means that I am not sure that this isn't a special case in, compare (the intrinsic attributes of) What wine will you have with dinner, sir? A red. * Which pen do you want to sign with, sir? A red. What colour would you say that is, sir? A red. As an encouragement to an anonymous student, all researchers are students (or should be, even if some already have Dr or Prof. in front of their names). I'm not even a linguist! dP -- E-mail: powers@acm.org || powers@inf.enst.fr P-mail: Dr David Powers, Visiting Professor, TEL: +33-1-45.81.80.86 Telecom Paris (ENST), Departement Informatique FAX: +33-1-45.81.31.19 46, rue Barrault - 75634 Paris cedex 13 SEC: +33-1-45.81.78.70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 22:14:31 GMT From: Ivan A Derzhanski Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads >Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 13:10:10 SST >From: David Gil > >BULGARIAN (Grace Fielder) > >[...] Bulgarian allows the adjective to stand alone, although in the >meaning of The Red (One), it will have the definite article: >Iskam krasnija (where -ija is a definite article). (That was meant to be _Iskam chervenija_, to be sure; _krasnyj_ is `red' in Russian -- I don't know how this word got into the Bulgarian example.) The definite article in Bulgarian cliticises onto the first attribute (possessive pronoun, numeral or adjective) or the noun itself, whichever comes first, so this construction can be analysed equally well as a noun phrase with a null head following the AP _chervenija_. (Cf. _Iskam chervenija shal_ `I want the red scarf', with the article in the same position.) >The South Slavic Languages have this definite:indefinite distinction, >which is manifested differently in the other (North) Slavic group. Bulgarian is actually the only Slavic language (South, West or East) which has a definite article, though in Serbo-Croatian (I'm not sure about Slovenian) the long form of the adjective denotes definiteness. >HUNGARIAN (Istvan Kenesei) > >Of course Hungarian is one of the lanuages you're looking for, cf. >e.g.: > >Mari a fekete kalap-ot vette meg, Anna pedig a piros-at. >M. the black hat-ACC bought PERF A. however the read-ACC >'Mary bought the black hat, and Anna the red one.' It may be worth noting that although the adjective _piros_ `red' here bears an accusative case marker (which it wouldn't if it were followed by a noun), the form of the case marker (_-at_ rather than _-t_) identifies it as an adjective rather than a noun. Ivan A Derzhanski -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 12:18:47 EST From: Geoffrey Russom Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads Old English was like Greek, with frequent employment of adjectives as substantives, especially in alliterative verse (which has archaic syntax). The advent of "one" in modern English might be due to impoverishment of INFL. -- Rick -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-215. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-216. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 113 Subject: 4.216 FYI: LEXA Corpus Processing Software Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1993 16:09:36 +0100 From: Knut Hofland Subject: LEXA: Corpus processing software -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1993 16:09:36 +0100 From: Knut Hofland Subject: LEXA: Corpus processing software Lexa, a set of programs for lexical data processing, written by Raymond Hickey, is now available from the Norwegian Computing Centre for the Humanities for about 100 USD. The programs run under MS-DOS and comes on 4 diskettes with a manual of 750 pages in 3 volumes. To get more information and order form, send the following line to FILESERV@HD.UIB.NO send icame lexa.info This file can also be fetched with FTP og Gopher from nora.hd.uib.no in the catalogue icame. Knut Hofland Norwegian Computing Centre for the Humanities, Harald Haarfagres gt. 31, N-5007 Bergen, Norway Phone: +47 5 212954/5/6, Fax: +47 5 322656, E-mail: knut@x400.hd.uib.no Here is a short description of the programs written by the author. ********************************************* Raymond Hickey, English Department, University of Munich, Germany Lexical Data Processing The present set of programmes is intended to offer a wide range of software which will carry out (i) the lexical analysis and (ii) information retrieval tasks required by linguists involved in the investigation of text corpora. The suite has been particularly adapted to be used with the corpus of historical English compiled at the University of Helsinki. The general nature of the software, however, permits its application to any set of texts, particularly those which are arranged in the so-called Cocoa format. Lexical analysis. The main programme, Lexa, puts at the disposal of the interested linguist the options he or she would require in order to process lexical data with a high degree of automation on a personal computer. The set is divided into several groups which perform typical functions. Of these the first, lexical analysis, will be of immediate concern. Lexa allows one, via tagging, to lemmatise any text or series of texts with a minimum of effort. All that is required is that the user specify what (possible) words are to be assigned to what lemmas. The rest is taken care of by the programme. In addition, one can create frequency lists of the types and tokens occurring in any loaded text, make lexical density tables, transfer textual data in a user-defined manner to a database environment, to mention just some of the procedures which are built into Lexa. The results of all operations are stored as files and can be examined later, for instance with the text editor shipped with the package. Each item of information used by Lexa when manipulating texts is specifiable by means of a setup file which is loaded after calling Lexa and used to initialise the programme in the manner desired by the user. Information retrieval. The second main goal of the Lexa set is to offer flexible and efficient means of retrieving information from text corpora. The programme Lexa Pat allows one to specify a whole range of parameters for combing through text files. By determining these precisely the user can achieve a high level of correct returns which are of value when evaluating texts quantitatively. A further programme, Lexa DbPat, permits similar retrieval operations to be applied to databases, for instance those generated by Lexa from text files of a corpus. Ascertaining the occurrence of syntactic contexts is catered for by the programme Lexa Context with which users can specify search strings, their position in a sentence, the number of intervening items and then comb through any set of texts in search of them. By means of the utility Cocoa it is possible to group text files of a corpus on the grounds of shared parameters from the Cocoa-format header at the beginning of each file in many text collections, e.g. the Helsinki corpus. All information retrieval operations can then have as their scope those files grouped on the basis of their contents by the Cocoa utility. In the design of the current suite of programmes, flexibility has been given highest priority. This is to be seen in the number of items, in nearly all programmes, which can be determined by the user. Furthermore, techniques have been employed which render the structure of each programme as user-friendly as possible (pull-down menus, window technology, mouse support, similarity of command structure between the 40-odd programmes of the set), permitting the linguist to concentrate on essentially linguistic matters. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-216. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-217. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 54 Subject: 4.217 Request for information: language instruction for the deaf Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 1993 17:01:44 -0500 (EST) From: Karen Christie Subject: Qualifications of language instructors for the deaf -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 22 Mar 1993 17:01:44 -0500 (EST) From: Karen Christie Subject: Qualifications of language instructors for the deaf Dear Colleagues, The Center for Sign Language and Interpreting Education faculty at the National Technical Institute for the Deaf are in the process of collecting information about the qualifications of language instructors at the time of hire. We need information about language proficiency requirements for teachers to support the hiring of appropriate instructors in our Center. In your hiring process, we would like to know how you hire instructors of a Second Language or Foreign Language and instructors of native users of a minority language. Other information we need: 1. How do you measure language fluidity and naturalness that one expects of effective teachers before they are hired as instructors? 2. What kind of learners do you teach e.g. Second Language learners, Linguistic/Cultural information to native users, and/or linguistics of the language only? 3. Is your program designed for students who *need to fulfill the foreign language academic requirment? *will become translators or interpreters? *will work with members and/or live in the culture of the language being taught? We look forward to hearing from you. Your input is important to our Center. Please let us know within a week. Please contact Colleen Pouliot, via E-Mail: IN%"CAPNSS@RITVAX.ISC.RIT.EDU" or FAX # 716-475-6500 or TTY# 716-475-6328. THANKS! -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-217. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-218. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 70 Subject: 4.218 Sum: Head-initial chaining Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 02 Mar 1993 19:46:00 -0600 (CST) From: Shin-Ja Hwang Subject: Head-initial chaining -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 02 Mar 1993 19:46:00 -0600 (CST) From: Shin-Ja Hwang Subject: Head-initial chaining Summary: Head-initial chaining Only a few responses came in to my querry on head-initial chaining languages. I thank each of them, listed below, for their responses. Tom Payne (tpayne@oregon.uoregon.edu) provided 2 articles of his own on Panare, which has an initial clause followed by "medial" clauses whose verbs are suffixed by markers indicating high/low continuity and temporal/logical relationship. Malcolm Ross (mdr412@coombs.anu.edu.au) referred to John Lynch's (lynch@vanuatu.usp.ac.fj) work on Austronesian languages of South Vanuatu. Matthew Dryer (lindryer@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu) pointed out that Swahili allows "chains of clauses in which only the first is marked for tense-aspect, while later ones bear a different prefix" and a marking for subjects. (He pointed out it may be a possible, but perhaps not a quite analogous, case in that its non-initial/consecutive clauses have a marking for subjects.) His reference is to the chapter on Swahili (esp. pp.249-50) by Hinnebusch in Tim Thopen, Languages and Their Status. Below is a list of references that I compiled on head-intial chaining languages. I added references to the papers by Comrie (Gokana is one of the three languages he deals with, which is an SVO language from Nigeria with logophoric suffixes indicating coreference or noncoreference in the non- initial clause), and by Dooley (whose work on Mbya Guarani is especially interesting in pointing out that switch reference markers at the intersentential level are typically used to signal semantic and discourse- pragmatic information). 1) Comrie, B. 1983. Switch-reference in Huichol: A typological study. In Haiman and Munro, Switch-reference and universal grammar, 17-37. 2) Dooley, Bob. 1992. When switch reference moves to discourse: Developmental markers in Mbya Guarani. Language in Context: Papers for Robert E. Longacre, ed. by S.J.J. Hwang and W.R. Merrifield, 97-108. Dallas: SIL. 3) Longacre, Robert E. 1990. Storyline concerns and word order typology in East and West Africa. (Studies in African Linguistics, Supplement 10.) Los Angeles: The James S. Coleman African Studies Center and the Department of Linguistics, UCLA. 4) Lynch, John. 1983. Switch-reference in Lenakel. In Haiman and Munro, 209-21. 5) Payne, Tom. 1990. A review of: The body in the mind: The bodily basis of meaning, imagination, and reason, by Mark Johnson. Notes on Linguistics 50.47-62. Dallas: SIL. 6) ___. 1991. Medial clauses and interpropositional relations in Panare. Cognitive Linguistics 2-3.247-81. Shin Ja Hwang SIL, 7500 W. Camp Wisdom, Dallas, TX 75236 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-218. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-219. Wed 24 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 142 Subject: 4.219 Confs: Language Industries, Computing for the Social Sciences Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 09:48:07 +0100 From: tvs@etal.ucl.ac.be (Thierry van Steenberghe) Subject: Language industries forum 2) Date: 23 Mar 93 11:59 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Computing for the Social Sciences: Conference Announcement -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 09:48:07 +0100 From: tvs@etal.ucl.ac.be (Thierry van Steenberghe) Subject: Language industries forum A two day LANGUAGE INDUSTRIES FORUM will be held in Brussels, Belgium, next 10 and 11 may 1993, on behalf of the 'Region Wallonne de Belgique', the public authorities of the southern part of the country, in cooperation with others, and under the auspices of the Commission of the European Communities and the ACCT, 'Agence de Cooperation Culturelle et Technique' (Paris) and their network of Language Industries Observatories. The programme is divided as follows among the two days: - The first day, 10 may 1993, will be devoted to the 'Region Wallonne de Belgique' and the 'Francophonie' [= other french speaking countries]. There will be presentations of a survey of Language Industries recently conducted in the Region, and discussion workshops. - The second day, 11 may 1993, will consider Linguistic Engineering in Belgium and in Europe. Presentations and discussion panels will focus on scientific policy issues concerned with Linguistic Engineering. - In addition, an exhibit presenting recent products is organized. Enquiries should be directed to OWIL or for inscriptions, reservations and the exhibit, to Sylvie Wallez Tournesol Conseils, University of Liege rue Lesbroussart, 76 Place Cockerill, 3 B-1050 Bruxelles [Belgium] B-4000 Liege [Belgium] Tel.: +32-2-6408596 Tel.: +32-41-665434 Fax : +32-2-6467222 Fax : +32-41-665700 e-mail: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 23 Mar 93 11:59 EST From: pchapin@nsf.gov Subject: Computing for the Social Sciences: Conference Announcement 1993 Conference on Computing for the Social Sciences National Center for Supercomputing Applications University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign May 18-21, 1993 Sponsors National Center for Supercomputing Applications National Science Foundation University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Apple Computer Corporation Convex Computer Corporation IBM Corporation SAS Institute SPSS Inc. Thinking Machines Corporation The National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) will host the Computing for the Social Sciences (CSS93) conference at the University of Illinois, May 18-21, 1993. NCSA recognizes the need of the social science community to expand the scope and scale of social science research through the use of high performance computing environments. High performance computing can provide social scientists with the resources necessary to effectively address large- scale "grand challenge" problems of interest to the nation and the world. With a theme of Grand Challenges for the Social Sciences, CSS93 will help attendees to understand what constitutes a "grand challenge" in the social sciences and how to obtain funding to conduct such research. Attendance at CSS93 will also introduce participants to the uses of high performance computing in terms of data collection and analysis, theory development and testing, global and social modeling, and social science visualization. Participants will have the opportunity to review selected CSS93 "probe projects," which span a variety of disciplines and employ high performance computing in innovative ways to solve previously intractable problems. Participants can also attend tutorials and seminars that will feature the latest developments in high-performance and microcomputing technology and its uses in research and in the classroom. Several speakers of national renown will address the future of high performance computing and social science research. Vendors and independent researchers will also be on hand to demonstrate software and hardware of interest to the social science community. Online information about CSS93 can be obtained through the NCSA GOPHER server, which is accessible through the following path: North America/USA/National Center for Supercomputing Applications/Metacenter Education/Computing in Social Sciences 1993 Conference. Registration information, the complete conference program, and abstracts of conference papers will all be available online, as well as information on the CSS93 pre-conference bulletin board. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-219. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-220. Thu 25 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 104 Subject: 4.220 Qs: Branching, generic pros, Oklahoma, broken plurals Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 10:24:11 CST From: "panderso@TWSUVM" Subject: Korean & Chinese: Left or right-branching? 2) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 16:33:43 PST From: rubba@bend.UCSD.EDU (Johanna Rubba) Subject: Query: generic pronouns 3) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 11:14:37 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: Q: U.Okla. Speech Dept. 4) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 93 15:58:46 EST From: Sonja Launspach Subject: ARABIC BROKEN PLURALS -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 10:24:11 CST From: "panderso@TWSUVM" Subject: Korean & Chinese: Left or right-branching? Can anyone tell me how Korean and Chinese are classified relative to being right- or left-branching? I am also wanting to know if Korean is classified as a syllable-timed language, in general (understanding that controversy surrounds the teminology). I would very much appreciate hearing from anyone who knows or can shed light on the query. Thanks. Peggy Anderson. WSU. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 16:33:43 PST From: rubba@bend.UCSD.EDU (Johanna Rubba) Subject: Query: generic pronouns I teach an intro ling & lang course at UC Riverside in which I include a short component on language and sexism, esp. pronoun usage. I'm looking for some recent research (if there is any) on the appropriateness of 'he' as a generic pronoun. I currently have the students read two old psycholinguistic studies, one by D. McKay and one by Moulton, Robinson & Elias, but these are quite old and I would like something more recent. Other research on the topic (sexism in language), which would be accessible to non-linguist undergrads in such a course, would also be useful. If anyone has a lead, could they please write to me directly? --Thanks!! Jo Rubba UC Riverside UC San Diego rubba@bend.ucsd.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 93 11:14:37 EST From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: Q: U.Okla. Speech Dept. Can anyone point me to an email contact in the Speech Department at U. of Oklahoma (Norman)? Thanks. Bruce Nevin bn@bbn.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 93 15:58:46 EST From: Sonja Launspach Subject: ARABIC BROKEN PLURALS i'M LOOKING FOR ANY REFERENCES ON BROKEN PLURALS IN Arabic . I have the Mccarthy and Hammond articles, but what to know if there is anything looking at how native speakers acquire the plurals or any other perspective besides Prosodic Morphology. Thanks Sonja Launspach t720026@univscvm -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-220. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-221. Fri 26 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 80 Subject: 4.221 Dutch and Afrikaans Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1993 12:07:18 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@snark.thyrsus.com (John Cowan) Subject: Summary: Dutch and Afrikaans -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 24 Mar 1993 12:07:18 -0500 (EST) From: cowan@snark.thyrsus.com (John Cowan) Subject: Summary: Dutch and Afrikaans In response to my query about Dutch and Afrikaans, I received mail from: Alexis Manaster Ramer Audrey Immelman Catharina de Jonge Craig Thiersch Daan Wissing Dirk Elzinga Emile van der Zee Erica Lynn Grevemeyer Jeroen Wiedenhof Reinier Post Robert S. Kirsner Tucker Childs <099CHILD@witsvma.wits.ac.za> Zev bar-Lev The general answers to my questions were that mutual intelligibility is high but not total: highest for written documents, somewhat lower for passively understanding conversations, and lowest for participating in conversations, as one would expect. The best guess about 19th-century Afrikaans is that it would be closer to 19th-century Dutch; one correspondent said that most of the drift has taken place in the last 50 years or so. On Dutch television, Afrikaans is subtitled; but on Dutch radio, Afrikaans is not translated, and interviews where the interviewer speaks Dutch and the interviewee speaks Afrikaans are typical. Several correspondents also mentioned private conversations of this mixed type; one person outright characterized Afrikaans and Dutch as "two dialects of the same language", and another said that "Afrikaans is about as difficult to understand [for Standard Dutch speakers] as the typical Dutch dialect [in the Netherlands]". Subjectively, Dutch-speakers perceive Afrikaans as "childish" or "archaic". For the converse reaction, see Kirsner's wonderful anecdote quoted below. In answer to various correspondents' questions: I do not myself speak either Dutch or Afrikaans; my interest is essentially abstract. From: "Robert S. Kirsner" > I am an American who has learned both Afrikaans and Dutch as > foreign languages and they are very different ball games, kind of like > tennis and badminton. The trouble is that there is a lot of > PSEUDO-mutual intelligibility, where people think they understand > but actually don't because of false cognates, different idioms, etc. > And different stylistic levels . [...] > I once heard the following conversation: Dutch woman to Afrikaans-speaking > woman: Excuse me, but when I hear you speak Afrikaans it sounds so > childish. Afrikaans woman's answer: I guess you'll have to excuse me, > but when I hear you talk, you sound so dead. -- John Cowan cowan@snark.thyrsus.com ...!uunet!lock60!snark!cowan e'osai ko sarji la lojban. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-221. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-222. Fri 26 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 216 Subject: 4.222 Sum: Grammar engineering Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 93 12:19:42 +0100 From: Subject: Grammar Engineering -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 93 12:19:42 +0100 From: Subject: Grammar Engineering Some weeks ago I had posted a query with the above header. I had asked for references and general comments. I received messages from the following people and I very much appreciate their encouraging responses. Rick Wojcik Philippe Blache Carl Vogel Paul Purdom Piet Mertens John Batali Aris Vagelatos Thierry J. van Steenberghe They have given the following bibliographic information: (I have omitted some that I have found not relevant to the topic.) Bouchard & al. "First results of a french linguistic development environment" Coling 92. Richard Wojcik, Philip Harrison, John Bremer: USING BRACKETED PARSES TO EVALUATE A GRAMMAR CHECKING APPLICATION, Boeing Report (submitted to ACL 93). Berwick: The Acquistion of Syntactic Knowledge Mark Johnson: "Attribute-Value Logic and the Theory of Grammar", Center for the Study of Language and Information, Stanford University, 1988, C.S.L.I.. Lecture Notes, Number 16 Also a paper by Johnson in Computational Linguistics, Volume 17, Number 2. Hassan Ait-Kaci and Patrick Lincoln, LIFE: A Natural Language for Natural Language", February, 1988, institution MCC, ACA-ST-074-88, Austin, TX J.Aarts. The LDB: A linguistic database. ICAME News, 8:25--30, 1984. J.Aarts and Th. van den Heuvel. Computational tools for the syntactic analysis of corpora. Linguistics, 23:303--335, 1985. J.Aarts and W.Meijs, editors. Corpus Linguistics. Recent Developments in the Use of Computer Corpora in English Language Research. Rodopi, Amsterdam, 1984. J.Aarts and W.Meijs, editors. Corpus Linguistics II. New Studies in the Analysis and Exploitation of Computer Corpora. Rodopi, Amsterdam, 1986. E.Ditters. Descriptive tools for the automatic syntactic processing of natural language: the case of Arabic. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference of the Linguistic Society of Morocco, pages 1--21, Rabat, 1988. E.Ditters. A formal grammar for automatic syntactic analysis and other applications. In Proceedings of the Regional Conference on Informatics and Arabization, volume1, pages 128--145, Tunis, 1988. Th. van den Heuvel. TOSCA: An aid for building syntactic databases. Literary and Linguistic Computing, 3:147--151, 1988. Th. van de Heuvel et al. Extended Affix Grammars in Linguistics. A Manual. English Department, University of Nijmegen, 1983. H.Alblas and B.Melichar, editors. Attribute Grammars, Applications and Systems, volume 461 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag, 1991. Y.Choueka, editor. Computers in Literary and Linguistic Research $^\ast$ Literary and Linguistic Computing, Paris, Geneva, 1990. Champion-Slatkine. Proceedings of the Fifteenth International Conference, Jerusalem 5--9 June 1988. P.Deransart and M.Jourdan, editors. Attribute Grammars and Their Applications, volume 461 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Verlag, 1990. General remarks: ----------------- - to get in touch with Dr. Fred Popowich of Simon Fraser University, who as done work on grammer development environments. - to get in touch with ISSCO-Geneva where a grammar development environment [named ELU] has been developped and used to build reversible unification grammars. - to get in touch with Amsterdam University ("They also have a number of things available.") This is what I received. Let me add some of my own favourite articles on the subject. Boguraev, B. et al.: Software Support for Practical Grammar Development. Proc. of COLING, Budapest, 1988, 54-58. Boitet, C.: Software und Lingware Engineering in Modern M(A)T Systems. In: B\'atori, I. et al. (Eds.): Computational Linguistics. An international handbook on Computer Oriented Language Research and Applications. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1989. D\"orre, J.; Raasch, I.: The STUF Workbench. In: Herzog, O.; Rollinger, C.-R. (Eds.): Text Understanding in LILOG. Integrating Computational Linguistics and Artificial Intelligence. Final Report on the IBM Germany LILOG-Project. (Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 546) Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1991, 55-62. Erbach, G.; Uszkoreit, H.: Grammar Engineering: Problems and Prospects. Report on the Saarbr\"ucken Grammar Engineering Workshop. Saarbr\"ucken: Universit\"at des Saarlandes, Computerlinguistik. 1990. Erbach, G.: Tools for Grammar Engineering. Proc. of Applied Natural Language Processing, Trento, Italien, 1992, 243-244. Flickinger, D. et al.: Toward Evaluation of NLP Systems. (Research Report) Palo Alto,CA: Hewlett-Packard Laboratories. November 1989. Gazdar, G.: Computational tools for doing linguistics: introduction. Linguistics 23, 2 (1985), 185-187. Grishman, R.; Macleod, C.; Sterling, J.: Evaluating parsing strategies using standardized parse files. Proc. of Applied Natural Language Processing, Trento, Italien, 1992, 156-161. Guida, Mauri: A formal basis for perfomance evaluation of NL understanding systems. Computational Linguistics 1984, S. 15ff. Heyer, G.; Figge, U.: Sprachtechnologie und Praxis der maschinellen Sprachverarbeitung. Sprache und Datenverarbeitung, 2 (1989), 41-51. Heyer, G.: Probleme und Aufgaben einer angewandten CL. KI 1, 1990, 38-42. Nerbonne, J. et al.: A diagnostic tool for German syntax. (Research Report RR-91-18) Saarbr\"ucken: DFKI. Juli 1991. Read, W. et al.: Evaluating Natural Language Systems: A sourcebook approach. Proc. of COLING, Budapest, 1988, 530-534. Schifferer, K.: TAGDevEnv. Eine Werkbank f\"ur TAGs. In: B\'atori, I. et al. (Hgg.): Computerlinguistik und ihre theoretischen Grundlagen. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1988. Seiffert, R.: How could a good system of practical NLP look like? (IWBS Report 228) Stuttgart: IBM, Institut f\"ur wissensbasierte Systeme. Juli 1992. Velardi, P.: Why translators still sleep in peace? (Four Engineering and Linguistic Principles). Proc. of COLING, Helsinki, 1990, 383-388. Volk, M.: The role of testing in grammar engineering. Proc. of Applied Natural Language Processing, Trento, Italien, 1992, 257-258. Zajac, R.: Towards computer-aided linguistic engineering. Proc. of COLING-92, Nantes, 1992, 828-834. I observe that there are many papers on tools for the development of large grammars but there are hardly any on methods for developing such grammars. How, then, do people go about developing grammars? Where do they start? How do they measure progress, quality, coverage? How can a grammar be modularized? How can it be documented? Martin Volk ************************************************************************** * Martin Volk * University of Koblenz-Landau Tel (+49) 261-9119-469 * Institute of Computational Linguistics * Rheinau 3-4 FAX (+49) 261-37524 * W-5400 Koblenz, Germany Martin.Volk@informatik.uni-koblenz.de ************************************************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-222. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-223. Sat 27 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 53 Subject: 4.223 Jobs: English Syntax Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1993 18:59:27 +0100 (MET) From: Laszlo Kalman Subject: Job: English Syntax -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 1993 18:59:27 +0100 (MET) From: Laszlo Kalman Subject: Job: English Syntax LECTURER (ASSISTANT PROFESSOR) IN ENGLISH SYNTAX Eotvos Lorand University, Budapest, Hungary The Soros Professorship Program has been set up to enable Universities in Eastern Europe to invite outstanding visiting Professors and Lecturers in the Humanities and Social Sciences. APPLICATIONS ARE INVITED FOR THE POST OF SOROS LECTURER IN ENGLISH SYNTAX AT THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT OF EOTVOS LORAND UNIVERSITY, BUDAPEST, HUNGARY. The contract will be for 2 years, renewable, for a non-tenured position, beginning September 1993. Applicants should have a PhD and specialise in modern syntactic theory. The Soros Lecturer will give undergraduate courses and participate in the development of a postgraduate programme, and departmental research, as well as supervising undergraduate research. Knowledge of Hungarian is not required. Salary scale US$15,000-US$25,000 after tax, plus a local stipend. Relocation allowance, accommodation allowance, medical insurance, children's allowances also provided. Resume and covering letter should be sent, to arrive not later than 11 April 1993, to SOROS PROFESSORSHIP PROGRAM, Higher Education Support Project, CEU, H-1014 Budapest, Uri u. 49, Hungary. Applicants should request three referees to send confidential references to the same address, also by 11 April 1993. Further information available by writing to the above address, or by fax 36-1-175-8939. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-223. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-224. Sat 27 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 73 Subject: 4.224 Conf: ASIS SIG/Classification Workshop Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1993 00:40:23 -0500 (EST) From: Ray Schwartz Subject: ASIS SIG/Classification Research Workshop - Call for papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1993 00:40:23 -0500 (EST) From: Ray Schwartz Subject: ASIS SIG/Classification Research Workshop - Call for papers Call for Participation The American Society for Information Science Special Interest Group on Classification Research (ASIS SIG/CR) invites submissions for the 4th ASIS Classification Research Workshop, to be held at the 56th Annual Meeting of ASIS in Columbus, Ohio. The workshop will take place Sunday, October 24th, 1993, 8:30 a.m. -5:00 p.m. ASIS '93 continues through Thursday, October 28th. The CR Workshop is designed to be an exchange of ideas among active researchers with interests in the creation, development, management, representation, display, comparison, compatibility, theory, and application of classification schemes. Emphasis will be on semantic classification, in contrast to statistically based schemes. Topics include, but are not limited to: * Warrant for concepts in classification schemes * Concept acquisition * Basis for semantic classes * Automated techniques to assist in creating classification schemes * Statistical techniques used for developing explicit semantic classes * Relations and their properties * Inheritance and subsumption * Knowledge representation schemes * Classification algorithms * Procedural knowledge in classification schemes * Reasoning with classification schemes * Software for management of classification schemes * Interfaces for displaying classification schemes * Data structures and programming languages for classification schemes * Image classification * Comparison and compatibility between classification schemes * Applications such as subject analysis, natural language understanding, information retrieval, expert systems * The CR Workshop welcomes submissions from various disciplines. Those interested in participating are invited to submit a short (1-2 page single- spaced) position paper summarizing substantive work that has been conducted in the above areas or other areas related to semantic classification schemes, and a statement briefly outlining the reason for wanting to participate in the workshop. Submissions may include background papers as attachments. Participation will be of two kinds: presenter and regular participant. Those selected as presenters will be invited to submit expanded versions of their position papers and to speak to those papers in brief presentations during the workshop. All position papers (both expanded and short papers) will be published in proceedings to be distributed prior to the workshop. The workshop registration fee is $35.00. Submissions should be made by email, or diskette accompanied by paper copy, or paper copy only (fax or postal), to arrive by May 15, 1993, to: Phil Smith, 210 Baker Systems, 1971 Neil Avenue, Cognitive Systems Engineering Laboratory, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; Phone: 614-292-4120; Fax: 614-292-7852, Internet: Phil+@osu.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-224. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-225. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 101 Subject: 4.225 Qs: Extractions, metaphor, historical, IPA for Windows Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 93 14:54:33 -0500 From: John Hughes Subject: Extractions from NP 2) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 12:38:16 CET From: Roberta=Pires=de=Oliveira%GST%LW@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be Subject: Metaphors 3) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 13:32:16 -0800 From: edwards@cogsci.Berkeley.EDU (Jane Edwards) Subject: Historical Linguistics Discussion List? 4) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1993 18:45:39 -0600 From: Chen Shu-Fen Subject: Query: IPA Fonts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 93 14:54:33 -0500 From: John Hughes Subject: Extractions from NP English allows extraction from NP under certain conditions of lexical government: Which songs-i do you know the lyrics to t-i? I'd like to know if languages such as Roumanian which allow multiple wh-fronting from a single clause also allow wh-extraction from NP, and if so whether they then allow multiple wh-extractions from NPs in a single clause. I.e., would a sentence like What-i what-j did you replace a photo of t-i with a painting of t-j? be grammatical in such a language? (Assuming the "with" clause is a complement to the verb.) Please respond via e-mail. Thanks. John hughes@cis.udel.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 12:38:16 CET From: Roberta=Pires=de=Oliveira%GST%LW@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be Subject: Metaphors I am developing my PhD thesis on a philosophical and linguistic approach on metaphor, and I am interested in getting in contact with people working on the problem of metaphor in NLP Roberta Pires de Oliveira e-mail: oliveira%gst%lw@cc3.kuleuven.ac.be -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 13:32:16 -0800 From: edwards@cogsci.Berkeley.EDU (Jane Edwards) Subject: Historical Linguistics Discussion List? I'd be interested in knowing of electronic discussion lists for historical linguistics. Thanks, Jane Edwards (edwards@cogsci.berkeley.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 25 Mar 1993 18:45:39 -0600 From: Chen Shu-Fen Subject: Query: IPA Fonts Can anyone give me some information about the use of IPA fonts used in IBM, especially in Windows 3.1? I know that we can use IPA fonts provided by WORD 4 or 5 on Macs, choosing LingamII from the Fond Command. If anyone knows how to get IPA fonts on IBM, please send the information to me directly, then I will summarize. Thanks. Shu-Fen Chen Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign sfchen@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-225. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-226. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 78 Subject: 4.226 Phonology workshops at the LSA Institute Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 93 20:40:48 EST From: Elizabeth V Hume Subject: Phonology Workshops -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 28 Mar 93 20:40:48 EST From: Elizabeth V Hume Subject: Phonology Workshops WORKSHOPS ON PHONOLOGY A series of WORKSHOPS ON PHONOLOGY will take place this summer in conjunction with the Linguistic Institute held at the Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio. The workshops, scheduled for Wednesday afternoons, are intended to be informal forums for the presentation and discussion of current research in phonology. Five workshops are planned. Three will focus on specific topics in phonology: phonology and form, prosody, phonetics/phonology interface. See the schedule below for the list of presenters in these workshops. The remaining two workshops, taking place on July 7 and July 28, will involve presentations on current research in any area of phonology. Anyone interested in presenting her/his work should contact Elizabeth Hume at the address below. We stress the informal nature of these workshops and encourage presentations from students as well as faculty. WORKSHOPS ON PHONOLOGY SCHEDULE Week 2 (July 7): WORKSHOP ON PHONOLOGY Week 3 (July 14): PHONOLOGY AND FORM: phonology/syntax, phonology/morphology interfaces Presenters include: Sharon Inkelas, Ellen Kaisse, Irene Vogel Week 4 (July 21): PROSODY Presenters include: Larry Hyman, Charles Kisseberth, John McCarthy Week 5 (July 28): WORKSHOP ON PHONOLOGY Week 6 (Aug. 4): PHONETICS/PHONOLOGY INTERFACE Presenters include: Abigail Cohn, George N. Clements, Sue Hertz, Janet Pierrehumbert, Donca Steriade For additional information, contact: Elizabeth Hume ehume@magnus.acs.ohio-state.edu (614) 292-2577 The Ohio State University Department of Linguistics 223 Oxley Hall, 1712 Neil Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-226. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-227. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 132 Subject: 4.227 Pro-drop, adjectives Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 09:29:20 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Thrasher's Thesis Redux 2) Date: 24 Mar 1993 11:00:50 -0700 (MST) From: GFIELDER@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads 3) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 93 11:04:06 GMT From: Spencer A J Subject: Re: 4.215 Adjectives -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 23 Mar 93 09:29:20 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Thrasher's Thesis Redux Once again, since the discussion on "PRO-Drop" has apparently moved on to more fertile pastures, I remind participants that there has already been some grazing on them. Watch where you step, please. To repeat some of the posting (LINGUIST 4-121) about Thrasher's thesis (Thrasher, Randolph H. Jr. 1974. "Shouldn't Ignore These Strings: A Study of Conversational Deletion", Ph.D. Diss, Univ of Michigan, Ann Arbor) that I sent out a month ago: > (1.16) Gotta go now. > (1.17) See you next Tuesday. > (1.18) Too bad about old Charlie. > (1.19) No need to get upset about it. > (1.20) Been in Ann Arbor long? > (1.21) Ever get a chance to use your Dogrib? > (1.22) Ever get to Japan, look me up. > (1.23) Good thing we didn't run into anybody we know. > (1.24) Last person I expected to meet was John. > (1.25) Wife wants to go to the mountains this year. > [all from Thrasher 1974 p.5] > > The phenomenon can be viewed as erosion of the beginning of sentences, > deleting (some, but not all) articles, dummies, auxiliaries, posses- > sives, conditional 'if', and - most relevantly for this discussion - > subject pronouns. But it only erodes up to a point, and only in > some cases. > > "Whatever is exposed (in sentence initial position) can be swept > away. If erosion of the first element exposes another vulnerable > element, this too may be eroded. The process continues until a > hard (non-vulnerable) element is encountered." [p.9] > > In general, exposed first-person subjects are vulnerable in statements, > and second-person in questions, and any exposed pronoun is vulnerable > if it is recoverable from later in the sentence. > > (3.2) Can't do it, can {I/you/he/she/they/we}? [p.59] To suggest that these are somehow merely "performance" phenomena, and thus not appropriate for linguistic examination, is ludicrous. They *are* termed "conversational" by Thrasher, which is to say that they don't appear often in print; however, they *do* appear very frequently in speech. Clearly, literary models cannot be our guide here. Further- more, native speakers have definite intuitions about them, in fact much clearer ones than they do about many other syntactic phenomena. To suggest that they are "phonological" is equally ludicrous, unless what is meant is that anything subject to fast speech rules is ipso facto phonological. In which case there is no such thing as syntax. The suggestion recently made that one should search for inaudible reflexes of "deleted" material is an interesting one, and has great potential for syntactic research in general. I am reminded of several papers by Brutus Force, including one on the first actual sighting of an NP trace under the electron microscope. -John Lawler (jlawler@umich.edu) Linguistics Program University of Michigan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 24 Mar 1993 11:00:50 -0700 (MST) From: GFIELDER@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Re: 4.212 Sum: Adjectives as Heads Ivan Derzhanski writes: Bulgarian is actually the only Slavic language (South, West or East) which has a definite article, though in Serbo-Croatian (I'm not sure about Slovenian) the long form of the adjective denotes definiteness. Actually, Macedonian also has a definite article. Also, I did not mean to claim that Serbo-Croatian (or, perhaps, Serbian and Croatian) had definite articles, but that definiteness can be distinguished in the adjective (although this distinction is actually a three-way distinction, at least in Croatian, between the short, long, and long-long adjectival forms). RE: the use of krasnija rather than chervenija - mea culpa - that was, unfor- tunately, interference from Russian. Grace Fielder GFIELDER@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 26 Mar 93 11:04:06 GMT From: Spencer A J Subject: Re: 4.215 Adjectives As a footnote to Ivan Derzhanski's posting about Bulgarian and the indefinite null head, it is not entirely accurate to say that Bulgarian is the only Slav language with a definite article. Macedonian has one too. Given the politically and culturally sensitive position of the Macedonians and their language, it would be a pity to allow people in certain quarters to run away with the idea that Macedonian is merely a 'dialect' of Bulgarian. Andrew Spencer Dept. of Language and Linguistics University of Essex U.K. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-227. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-228. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 59 Subject: 4.228 Conferences: Grammatical Relations Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 93 22:47:13 -0800 From: Katarzyna Dziwirek Subject: GRs Conference -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 27 Mar 93 22:47:13 -0800 From: Katarzyna Dziwirek Subject: GRs Conference Announcing: The 6th Biennial Conference on Grammatical Relations Vancouver, British Columbia Sept. 17- 19, 1993 CALL FOR PAPERS Abstracts are invited for 20-minute talks on all topics relevant to the study of grammatical relations in any theoretical framework. Five anonymous copies of a one page abstract (data and references may be on a separate page), accompanied by a 3" x 5" card containing your name, paper title, affiliation, address, e-mail address, and phone number, should be sent to: GR Conference Department of Linguistics Simon Fraser University Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6 Canada Abstracts due: June 1, 1993 Invited speakers: Judith Aissen (UC, Santa Cruz), Emmon Bach (Massachusetts), Mark Baker (McGill), Donald Frantz (Calgary), Videa De Guzman (Calgary), Alana Johns (Memorial), Edward Keenan (UCLA), Diane Massam (Toronto), David Perlmutter (UC, San Diego), Paul Postal (IBM), Carol Rosen (Cornell), and Leslie Saxon (Victoria). Tentative arrangements have been made to publish selected papers from the conference. Manuscripts are due November 15, l993. For further information, contact Donna Gerdts (gerdts@sfu.ca). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-228. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-229. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 78 Subject: 4.229 Sum: Navaho Phonetics & Phonology Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 14:21:28 -0500 From: rws@habanero.att.com Subject: References on Navajo Phonetics and Phonology -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 14:21:28 -0500 From: rws@habanero.att.com Subject: References on Navajo Phonetics and Phonology Here is a summary of the bibliographic information I received with regards to work on Navajo phonology and phonetics. I also include more general works that deal with phonology/phonetics among other things. Thanks to the many people who responded, and whom I list at the end. I didn't include everything people sent me in this list, so I hope no one feels offended by an omission: you may put it down to my possibly poor judgment about what is relevant to my immediate interests. ***************************** Faltz, Leonard. The Navajo Verb (tentative title?). ms. Arizona State University. Fernald, Ted. A Level Ordering Account of Navajo Inflection. ms. UCSC. Files, John. 1993. Analysis of tone in Navajo verbs. UTx Ms. Kari, James M. 1976. Navajo Verb Prefix Phonology. Garland. McDonough, Joyce M. 1993. Epenthesis in Navajo. UCLA Phonetics Lab ms. --. 1990. Topics in the Phonology and morphology of Navajo verbs. U Mass diss. --. 1993. The bipartite structure of the Navajo verb. MS, UCLA. ----, and Peter Ladefoged. "Navajo vowels and universal phonetic tendencies. UCLA corking Papers in Phonetics, Fieldwork studies of targeted lgs, v. 84. ----, and Peter Ladefoged. 1993. Navajo Stops. --. Navajo glides and fricatives. IJAL, submitted. Parr, Richard T. Bibliography of Athapaskan languages. National Museums of Canada, Mercury serios. Ethnology Division Paper No. 14. Young, Robert W. and Morgan, William Sr. The Navajo Language: A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary University of New Mexico Press 1987 (ISBN 0-8263-1014-1) Young, R. & Morgan, W. 1992. An analytic lexicon of Navajo. U NM P. Albuquerque. ****************************** Thanks to: Glenn Ayres, Peter Bakker, James Cathey, Leonard Faltz, John Files, Jorge Hankamer, John Koontz, Patrick Maun, Joyce McDonough, Peggy Speas, Gregory Ward, Tony Woodbury. Richard Sproat Linguistics Research Department AT&T Bell Laboratories | tel (908) 582-5296 600 Mountain Avenue, Room 2d-451 | fax (908) 582-7308 Murray Hill, NJ 07974, USA | rws@research.att.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-229. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-230. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 73 Subject: 4.230 Sum: Italian prosody Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 20:04:08 MET From: Elina Savino Subject: Sum Italian prosody -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 20:04:08 MET From: Elina Savino Subject: Sum Italian prosody A while ago I asked for references on Italian phonetics/phonology, with special emphasis on prosody. I wish to thank Mario Saltarelli, Pier Marco Bertinetto, Michael Picone, Christina Tortora, Lori Repetti and Christopher Cieri for their help. Here is the list of the books/articles suggested Saltarelli Mario (1970) "A Phonology of Italian in a Generative Grammar" (The Hague Mouton) (not specifically on prosody). Bertinetto Pier Marco (1981) "Strutture prosodiche dell'italiano" (Firenze Acca demia della Crusca). Nespor Marina & Vogel Irene (1986) "Prosodic Phonology" (Dordrecht Foris). Chierchia, Gennaro (1986) "Length, Syllabification, and the Phonological Cycle in Italian" Journal of Italian Linguistics 8: 5-33. den Os, E. A. (1984) "Extrametricality..." in van den Broecke and Cohen Proceedings of the Tenth International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (Dordrecht Foris) 499-503. den Os and Kager (1986) "Extrametricality ..." Lingua 69: 23-48. Sluyters, W. (1990) "Length and Stress..." Probus 2: 65-102. Vogel and Scalise (1982) "Secondary Stress..." Lingua 58: 213-242. Wanner, Dieter (1973) "Is stress..." in Issues in Linguistics 875-896. A couple of papers by Lori Repetti have appeared most recently on Probus, Rivista di Linguistica and Italica. In relation more specifically to speech technology application, I can add at least two papers to the list Avesani C. (1990) "A contribution to the synthesis of Italian intonation", Proceedings of the International Conference on Spoken Language Processing (ICSLP '90), Kobe, Japan. Quazza S. (1991) "Modelling Italian intonation in a text-to-speech system", Eurospeech '91 Proceedings, Genova, Italy. Finally, I was sent by Christopher Cieri a sample from the MLA Bibliography. As it is a very big file (there are also many references on dialects), I will send a copy on individual request. Thank you again. Elina Savino University of Bari - ITALY -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-230. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-231. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 181 Subject: 4.231 Summer Institute in Cognitive Science Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 14:47:21 EST From: cogsci94@cs.Buffalo.EDU (SUNY Buffalo/Center for Cognitive Science) Subject: FIRST INTERNATIONAL SUMMER INSTITUTE IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 93 14:47:21 EST From: cogsci94@cs.Buffalo.EDU (SUNY Buffalo/Center for Cognitive Science) Subject: FIRST INTERNATIONAL SUMMER INSTITUTE IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE =============================================================================== PLEASE POST PLEASE POST PLEASE POST PLEASE POST PLEASE POST =============================================================================== SECOND ANNOUNCEMENT State University of New York at Buffalo CENTER FOR COGNITIVE SCIENCE announces the ************************************************************************* * * * FIRST INTERNATIONAL SUMMER INSTITUTE IN COGNITIVE SCIENCE: * * Multidisciplinary Foundations of Cognitive Science * * * ************************************************************************* to be held at the Amherst Campus of SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA JULY 5-30, 1994 Robert Van Valin & Barry Smith, Institute Co-Directors Leonard Talmy, Director of the Center for Cognitive Science HONORARY SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE: Margaret Boden University of Sussex, UK Charles Fillmore University of California, Berkeley, USA Charles Frake SUNY Buffalo, USA Elmar Holenstein ETH Zurich, Switzerland Philip Johnson-Laird Princeton University, USA Kevin Mulligan University of Geneva, Switzerland Dan Slobin University of California, Berkeley, USA Dan Sperber CREA, Paris, France David Waltz Thinking Machines, Cambridge, MA, USA Sandra Witelson McMaster University, Canada ENDORSING ORGANIZATIONS INCLUDE: American Association for Artificial Intelligence Cognitive Science Society Linguistic Society of America Society for Machines and Mentality The Center for Cognitive Science of the State University of New York at Buffalo will present a four-week summer institute, July 5-30, 1994. This project represents an important innovation in the Cognitive Science field; no venture of this type has been attempted before. The first three weeks of the Institute will be comprised of courses at basic and advanced levels in constituent disciplines of Cognitive Science. Courses will be taught by both SUNY Buffalo faculty and faculty invited from other institutions. The fourth week will then be devoted to workshops and special conferences. Running through the four weeks, there will also be a special speaker series of prominent invited scholars. The Institute will provide an opportunity for many faculty and students to get an introduction to the field of cognitive science and to complement courses in their own disciplines at their home institutions. It is anticipated that participants will include undergraduate and graduate students, faculty associates, and researchers from industry and government. A special effort will be made to recruit students and participants from outside the United States, where systematic courses across the range of Cognitive Science disciplines are rarely offered. Participants may enroll in the courses for academic credit, if desired. Each course will meet for a total of 15 hours over the three weeks and will carry 1 semester unit of credit. TENTATIVE LIST OF COURSES (as of March 1993): Foundations of Cognitive Science Introduction to the Anthropological Study of Cognition Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Introduction to Cognitive Psychology Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience Introduction to Linguistics in Cognitive Science Introduction to Philosophy for Cognitive Science Anthropology of Knowledge Systems Knowledge Representation Epistemology Mental Models Knowledge of Language: Syntax Knowledge of Language: Semantics Natural-Language Understanding Language Disorders Cognitive Development Neurological Development Linguistic Development Geographic Organization of Space Artificial Intelligence and Categorization Language and Conceptual Structure Philosophy and Categorization Psychology of Problem Solving Reasoning and Artificial Intelligence Logic Inference in Conversation, Discourse, and Narrative Artificial Intelligence Approaches to Perception Language and Speech Perception Neuropsychology of Vision Philosophy and Psychology of Perception TENTATIVE LIST OF WORKSHOPS, SEMINARS, AND SYMPOSIA (as of March 1993): Workshop on Connectionism Evolution of Cognition The SNePS Knowledge Representation and Reasoning System Applied Cognitive Science: Cognitive Science in the Work-Place Narrative and Deixis Ontology and the Cognition of Space and Time Bilingualism and Cognition INVITED SPEAKERS (as of March 1993) Thomas G. Bever Psychology, Univ. of Rochester Antonio Damasio (tentative) Neuroscience, Univ. of Iowa Gilles Fauconnier Linguistics, Univ. of California, San Diego Jerry Feldman Computer Science, Univ. of California, Berkeley Janet Dean Fodor Linguistics, CUNY Graduate Center Jerry Fodor Philosophy, Rutgers Univ. & CUNY Graduate Center Dedre Gentner Psychology, Northwestern Univ. Geoff Hinton Computer Science, Univ. of Toronto Ed Hutchins Anthropology, Univ. of California, San Diego Ray Jackendoff Linguistics, Brandeis Univ. Michael Jordan Artificial Intelligence, MIT Annette Karmiloff-Smith Psychology, Univ. of London, UK Stephen M. Kosslyn Psychology/Neuroscience, Harvard Univ. John Searle (tentative) Philosophy, Univ. of California, Berkeley Michael Silverstein Linguistics/Anthropology, Univ. of Chicago Brian Cantwell Smith Computer Science, Xerox PARC Paul Smolensky Computer Science, Univ. of Colorado, Boulder David Waltz Computer Science, Thinking Machines Corp. Sandra Witelson Neuroscience, McMaster Univ. Detailed information on the Institute, including course offerings, speaker series, workshops, fees, living accommodations, and scholarship and travel support for students, will be available in summer 1993. If you wish to receive the Institute brochure, please send your name and *postal* address (and e-mail address, if available) to either: Bitnet: cogsci94@ubvms Internet: cogsci94@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu or 1994 Cognitive Science Summer Institute Center for Cognitive Science 652 Baldy Hall SUNY Buffalo Buffalo, NY 14260 USA (716) 645-3794 (716) 645-3825 (fax) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-231. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-232. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 98 Subject: 4.232 Qs: Arabic, Basic-level, Russian Sign, Polish Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 13:51:29 -0500 From: Mohammed Sawaie Subject: Arabic Text Processing 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 15:56:38 EST From: feit@cs.Buffalo.EDU (Elissa Feit) Subject: Basic Level Categories 3) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1993 16:43 EST From: DOUGHTYC@GUVAX.bitnet Subject: Russian Sign Language 4) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1993 17:19 EST From: JAW@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Students of Polish as a second language -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 13:51:29 -0500 From: Mohammed Sawaie Subject: Arabic Text Processing >From Mohammed Sawaie (e-mail address follows) MS@faraday.clas.Virginia.edu Does any one know of an Arabic text processing Program? Any information about a specific program that is in existence or is in the process of development will be most apprciated. Names of Prgrams and/or venders, location can help me access information fast. Thank you sa -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 15:56:38 EST From: feit@cs.Buffalo.EDU (Elissa Feit) Subject: Basic Level Categories Does any one know of any research done to determine whether it is cognitively valid to speak of verbs as being basic-level actions/events (e.g., "eat" as a basic-level action vs "ingest" as a superordinate, or "dine", "sup", "devour", "wolf (down)" as subordinate level actions). It seems intuitive to me that this would be the case. The principle research (Rosch E. (1978) "Principles of Categorization"; Rosch E., Mervis, C.B., Gray, W.D., Johnson, D.M., Boyes-Braem, P. (1976) "Basis objects in natural categories") concerns the cognitive validity of certain nouns as being basic-level objects, but omits the mention of verbs at all. Elissa Feit (feit@cs.buffalo.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1993 16:43 EST From: DOUGHTYC@GUVAX.bitnet Subject: Russian Sign Language I am posting this on behalf of a student. Is there any linguist in the Washington, D.C. area who knows (or knows about) Russian Sign Language? If so, please reply to me at: doughtyc@guvax or doughtyc.georgetown.edu and I will pass along the information to our student. Thank you. Catherine Doughty Department of Linguistics Georgetown University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 29 Mar 1993 17:19 EST From: JAW@LOYOLA.EDU Subject: Students of Polish as a second language I would like to know if anyone has seen reported how many students of Polish there are in US? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-232. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-233. Tue 30 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 163 Subject: 4.233 Sum: Unreleased consonants Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 31 Mar 93 09:41:47 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: Re: Unreleased consonants -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 31 Mar 93 09:41:47 GMT-1200 From: LINGSUP@antnov1.aukuni.ac.nz Subject: Re: Unreleased consonants >From: "Simon Corston" On the 19/Mar/93 I posted the following message on Linguist > I am on the hunt for a language with unreleased consonsantal > phonemes. I am doing research for a paper on sonority in Dependency > Phonology, and am interested in the minimally sonorous end of the > scale. > > Any refs or notes most welcome. My thanks to all those who replied. I am still following up on the refs and info supplied. My apologies for late responses in some cases. I am presently finishing off an MA thesis, which had priority for a time. The research on unreleased Cs is for a separate paper. One definition of `sonority' that I am exploring is that of `perceived loudness', hence the interest in unreleased Cs after sitting in on an undergrad field methods class on Sasak (Lombok) with unreleased /p t k/ which have struck me as perceptually (to me) quiet. My initial query was intended to investigate if there was a lg with a PHONEMIC contrast between released and unreleased Cs in any known lg. _A priori_, it would seem that unreleased Cs are not possible syllable-initial, since they must have release onto the rest of the syllable. However, it seemed possible that there might be a lg with, say, a contrast between released phonemes /p t k/ occurring initial and final (phrase/word/syllable final or whatever) and /p t k / (where = unreleased) occurring final only (i.e. with a defective distribution). However, some of the replies pointed out the unlikelihood of such a contrast given the acoustic equivalence of released and unreleased voiceless stops at least. Nonetheless, the allophonic info received has provided a wealth of interesting data which I will pursue, especially with respect to the notion of some sort of context-sensitivity for sonority. E.g., there appears to massive neutralisation of contrast to unreleased forms in some lgs,; also, why do stops so often appear to favour non-sonorous forms in final position, e.g. David Foris (pers. comm. and IJAL 1973) notes that Sochiapan Chinantec allows only glides and glottal stop in coda. The following is a brief summary of the replies and refs received (in alphabetical order according to name rather than simply listing the lgs -- my apologies if I have alphabetized on an inapproriate name). My thanks to all who replied. I have endeavoured to respond to all these people individually. Naturally, I extend complete absolution to all respondents. The summary below represents my own imperfect understanding, but not necessarily the views of the original respondents. *********************** Unreleased Cs: replies received by Simon Corston to 31/Mar/93 *********************** Bauer, Laurie Mentioning at least some dialects of English as having unreleased allophones, Also Cantonese, and other SE Asian lgs (e.g. Cambodian). Bird, Dani UCLA Working Papers in Phonetics: statistical work mentioned by geoffrey Nathan (I have yet to follow up on this) Donnelly, Simon Mentioning unreleased final stops in Indonesian. Dyvik, Helge Mentioning Vietnamese as having unreleased stops syllable-final. Foris, David (pers. comm.) Mentioning English dialects with unreleased stops phrase final. Huffman, Alan Mentioning an unreleased allophone of /t/ final in his dialect of Am. English. Ikoro, Suanu Kana, a Cross-River lg of Sth Eastern Nigeria: obstruents are unreleased word finally (citing unpub. students' course essays) Iverson, Gregory Pointing out final-position only. Mentioning massive neutralisation in Korean. Gregory also supplied two papers, both of which appear to be rich in relevant info, and which I will give serious attention once the storm (i.e. thesis) has passed: `Pronunciation Difficulties in ESL: Coda consonants in English interlanguage', Fred R. Eckman and Gregory K. Iverson, Uni of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. `Sonority and MArkedness among Onset Clusters in the Interlanguage of ESL Learners', Fred R. Eckman and Gregory K. Iverson, Uni of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Koontz, John Suggesting the acoustic equivalence of released and unreleased (voiceless) stops. Also, mentioning a possible difference between British and Am. dialects with respect to release of final voiceless stops. Ladefoged, Peter Citing Ladefoged, _A Phonetic Study of West African Languages_, CUP 1968: Wolof (spoken in Senegal) which older authorities cite as having a phonemic contrast between released vs. unreleased stops in some dialects, a contrast which Peter was not able to verify in his own research. Also, mentioning Munda, citing David Stampe. Mathias, Gerald Mentioning Korean and English Ogden, Richard Thai: unreleased plosives in final position, citing a non- phonemic analysis in Eugenie Henderson: _Prosodies in Siamese_ (1949) repr. in Palmer (1970) Plag, Ingo Mentioning Thai final plosives as unreleased. Stampe, David Chinese lgs, Korean, Munda lgs with syllable/word final unreleased stops. English where release is variable and interacts with rhythm etc. Release also appears to affect vowel length rather than voicing of following C. Nathan, Geoffrey Cited Dani Bird. Also Malay which additionally neutralises voicing contrasts, and Vietnamese and Cantonese. French and Italian with obligatory release. Regards, Simon Corston shc@antnov1.auckland.ac.nz -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-233. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-234. Wed 31 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 63 Subject: 4.234 Corpus on CD-ROM: Call for Reviewers Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 16:41:15 -0700 From: miller@defun.cs.utah.edu (Cliff Miller) Subject: Literary Corpus on CD-ROM -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 16:41:15 -0700 From: miller@defun.cs.utah.edu (Cliff Miller) Subject: Literary Corpus on CD-ROM Masterpiece Library CD-ROM Project: Search for Reviewers A group of current and former graduate students and teachers at the University of Utah have produced a CD-ROM called Masterpiece Library which contains over 1300 pieces of classic literature from the public domain. If you are interested in reviewing this CD-ROM, please contact us for a free disc. Brief Description: Masterpiece Library is a collection of 1338 pieces of public domain literature and texts (the entire Bible, the Koran, Twain, Thoreau, Whitman, complete Shakespeare, US govt docs such as the Constitution, hundreds of Greek works, etc.) It has a comprehensive indexing system of 175,000 words with browser and search interfaces for both Macs and PCs. Its searching capabilities allow for AND/OR searches of several words as well as complete phrases within the books and the titles of the books. All of the classic works on our disc are in the public domain, and in that spirit we'd like to offer the CD to the public at a minimal cost. (We're planning to charge $39.95.) Anyone should be able to use these works -- quote, copy, read for personal enjoyment or research -- as freely as possible. Depending upon the feedback we receive from the research community, we will consider enhancing the searching capabilities to allow for more sophisticated linguistic analysis of the corpus. Contact Information: Pacific HiTech 4530 Fortuna Way Salt Lake City, Utah 84124 email: 71175.3152@CompuServe.COM phone: 801-278-2042 800-765-8369 fax: 801-278-2666 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-234. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-235. Wed 31 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 70 Subject: 4.235 Qs: Problems for historical, Carny Talk Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 10:44 CST From: aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu (Anthony M Rodrigues Aristar) Subject: Problems for Historical Linguistics 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 18:58:12 CST From: Trey Subject: More Language Game Stuff -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 10:44 CST From: aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu (Anthony M Rodrigues Aristar) Subject: Problems for Historical Linguistics I teach both Indo-European and historical linguistics, and have a great deal of difficulty finding good problems to give my classes. I often end up having to make them up myself, with all the difficulties which often follow from using untested assignnments. My guess is that I'm not alone in this predicament, so I'd like to suggest that we pool our efforts in this area. If any of you would be kind enough to want to share your work, you can send me your problems, and I will undertake to collate them and make them available to everyone through the LINGUIST Listserv and the Michigan file server. Please send the files to me electronically, at my personal address. If your word-processor can generate RTF files, this would be the most suitable format for transmittal. Otherwise, a clearly marked-up ASCII would be fine. If you have difficulties with either of these formats, send me a message: I'm sure we can work something out. Anthony Aristar -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 93 18:58:12 CST From: Trey Subject: More Language Game Stuff I've gotten lots of responses to my query about language games.. and in the next few weeks, I'll post a summary of everything to LINGUIST. Thanks to everybody who sent info and references. There was one item, "Carny Talk" that someone mentioned, but could not quite remember. It seems to insert [z] (and perhaps other stuff) into each word. The only example: kee-zarny tee-zalk. Does anyone know any better how this works? Is it just [iz] after the onset, with re-syllabification? Any help would be appreciated. Thanks, Trey Jones VJONE00@ricevm1.rice.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-235. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-236. Wed 31 Mar 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 53 Subject: 4.236 Undergraduate linguistics majors Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1993 14:50 EST From: MOLLY DIESING Subject: Undergrad Linguistics Major -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 1993 14:50 EST From: MOLLY DIESING Subject: Undergrad Linguistics Major Here at Cornell we are in the process of examining our undergraduate curriculum, and I'd like to take this opportunity to use LINGUIST as a means to solicit information about undergraduate programs in linguistics at other universities. Of particular interest to us are the following issues: 1. The structure and focus of the undergraduate program. We currently have a more or less technically oriented program geared towards training students in theoretical linguistics. In addition to hearing about specifics such as the types of courses required in the major, we'd be interested in finding about other "tracking" options other departments have tried, such as "Linguistics and X" majors (where X can be a language area, or some other academic area with a connection to linguistics such as philosophy or psychology). 2. What sorts of "general education" courses are offered? How successful are they in making undergraduates aware of what linguistics has to offer? 3. Anything else you feel has been important in the success (or lack of success) in your undergraduate program. Please respond by email (rather than posting to LINGUIST) to: md5x@vax5.cit.cornell.edu [Molly Diesing] I will be happy to post a summary if there is interest in having one. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-236. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-237. Thu 01 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 242 Subject: 4.237 Conferences: SCIL-5, EACL93 Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 01:56:25 -0800 (PST) From: "Vern M. Lindblad" Subject: SCIL-5 conference schedule 2) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 13:44:24 +0200 From: EACL 1993 Subject: EACL93: Conference Information -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 01:56:25 -0800 (PST) From: "Vern M. Lindblad" Subject: SCIL-5 conference schedule The Department of Linguistics of the University of Washington and the SCIL-5 Organizing Committee cordially invite all interested parties to attend SCIL-5 on April 17-18, 1993. There is no registration fee. All talks will take place in Smith Hall, room 211, on the University of Washington campus in Seattle, Washington. The proceedings of this conference will be published as a special volume in the series, MIT Working Papers in Linguistics. The schedule is as follows: SCIL-5 April 17-18, 1993 University of Washington Smith Hall, room 211 Saturday, April 17, 1993 8:30-9:00 Coffee and registration 9:00-9:10 Opening remarks 9:10-9:50 Jingqi Fu - University of Massachusetts, Amherst "The nominalization of serial verb constructions in Chinese: evidence for V to N raising" 9:50-l0:30 Jen Ting - University of Rochester "A'-binding and the Bei-construction in Mandarin Chinese" 10:30-10:50 Break 10:50-11:30 Rhang Hye Yun Kim Lee - University of Connecticut "Constraints on A-movement, NPI licensing, and the checking theory" 11:30-12:10 Jeff Lidz - University of Delaware "A discussion of spec-head agreement and anaphora" 12:10-1:40 Lunch 1:40-2:20 Derek Gross - University of Rochester "Agency, genericity, and the English middle" 2:20-3:00 Graham Katz - University of Rochester "The semantics of free adjuncts: deriving the 'weak/strong' distinction" 3:00-3:20 Break 3:20-4:00 Alexis Dimitriadis - University of Pennsylvania "Frequency, ability and the stage/individual level distinction" 4:00-4:40 Robert Belvin - University of Southern California "The two causative have's are the two possessive have's" 4:40-5:30 SCIL VI organizational meeting 7:00------ Party Sunday, April 18, 1993 9:00-9:40 David Adger - University of Edinburgh "Aspectual chains and quasi-arguments" 9:40-10:20 Hiroto Hoshi - University of Connecticut "Excorporation in syntax and in LF: the case of Romance causatives and Japanese passives" 10:20-10:40 Break 10:40-11:20 Myung-Kwan Park and Keun-Won Sohn - University of Connecticut "A minimalist approach to plural marker licensing in Korean" 11:20-12:00 Dong-In Cho - University of Southern California "Functional projections and verb movement in SOV languages" 12:00-1:30 Lunch 1:30-2:10 Sung-Hoon Hong - University of Arizona "Theories of feature coocurrence: implication from the [high]-[round] relation" 2:10-2:50 Alice Taff - University of Washington "Separating height and backness in feature geometry: the evidence from Aleut uvularization" 2:50-3:10 Break 3:10-3:50 Randall Gess - University of Washington "Syllable structure and metrical structure: the diachronic ramifications of synchronic autonomy" 3:50-4:30 Linda Uyechi - Stanford University "Another look at two-handed signs in American Sign Language" Alternates: Jeffrey T. Runner - University of Massachusetts, Amherst "Quantificational Objects and Agr O" Seth A. Minkoff - Massachusetts Institute of Technology "Plurality, clitics and morphological merger in Caribbean Spanish" For additional information, contact: scil5@u.washington.edu or phoneme@u.washington.edu Vern M. Lindblad Chair, SCIL-5 Organizing Committee vernml@u.washington.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 13:44:24 +0200 From: EACL 1993 Subject: EACL93: Conference Information EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93-EACL93 Sixth Conference of the European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics 21-23 April 1993, Utrecht Hosted by OTS (Research Institute for Language and Speech) Overview of the Programme Invited Speakers * Ken Church (AT&T Bell Laboratories): ``Termworks: Tools for Human Translators'' * Ivan Sag (CSLI Stanford): ```Extraction' without Traces, Empty COMPs or Function Composition'' * Johan van Benthem (ILLC, University of Amsterdam): ``Grammar as Proof Theory'' Tutorials * Uses of Dynamic Logic in NL Processing Jeroen Groenendijk and Martin Stokhof (ILLC, University of Amsterdam) * Recent Developments in Unification-based NL Processing Hans Uszkoreit (University of Saarbruecken) * Statistical Methods in NL Processing Mark Liberman (IRCS, University of Pennsylvania) and Yves Schabes (MERL, Cambridge, MA) * Complexity Issues in NL Processing Leen Torenvliet (ILLC, University of Amsterdam) Conference. Papers will be presented on a wide range of topics in Computational Linguistics. The programme features special sessions on * Data-oriented methods in CL and * Logic and CL. Student Session. This year for the first time, the EACL conference will include a student session. This session provides a forum for students to present work in progress. Information Session. An information session will be held on European Infrastructural Organisations (EACL, EAGLES, EAMT, ECI, ELSNET, FoLLI) with the cooperation of Susan Armstrong-Warwick, Norbert Brinkhoff, Roberto Cencioni, Maghi King, Ewan Klein, Erik-Jan van der Linden and Antonio Zampolli. Poster Sessions and Demonstrations. Authors will present and discuss their projects and/or demonstrate NLP-programs. Exhibitions. At the conference there will be a book exhibition by publishers in the field of CL (Walter de Gruyter & Co, Elsevier Science Publishers, Kluwer Academic Publishers Group, Cambridge University Press), demonstrations of commercial linguistic software (Silver Platter Information), and information desks of ACL and OTS. Additional Meetings. Two meetings will be organised in conjunction with EACL93: * a workshop on MT Lexicons, and * the General Assembly of the EAMT (European Association for Machine Translation). For information on these meetings see below. Parallel Activities. Workshop on MT Lexicons, Tuesday 20 April, 9.00-17.30 The workshop will consist of four moderated discussion sessions, with audience participation encouraged. The discussion topics are: * Lexical Semantics, General Lexicography and MT Lexicography. Bonnie Dorr (moderator), David Farwell, Martha Palmer, Antonio Sanfilippo, Clare Voss. * Economy of Lexicon Acquisition due to Generativity of the Lexicon. Ann Copestake, James Pustejovsky (moderator). * Metalanguages for Meaning Specification. Wilfried Hoetker, Petra Ludewig, Sergei Nirenburg (moderator), Boyan Onyshkevich, Patrick St-Dizier. * Automating MT Lexicon Acquisition James Cowie, Louise Guthrie (moderator), Judith Klavans, Yuji Matsumoto, Evelyne Tsoukermann. The size of the workshop is restricted by the available space. Participant slots are still available. They will be allocated on first come, first served basis. To request participation, please contact: Sergei Nirenburg Center for Machine Translation, School of Computer Science Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3890 fax: 1-412-268-6298, e-mail: sergei.nirenburg@cs.cmu.edu General Assembly of the EAMT (European Association for Machine Translation), Thursday 22 April, 18.00-19.00 Non-members are welcome but will not have voting rights. For further information, please contact: Maghi King ISSCO 54 Route des Acacias CH-1227 Geneva Switserland email: king@divsun.unige.ch For information on the ACL in general, contact Don Walker (global), or Mike Rosner (for Europe): Dr. Donald E. Walker (ACL) Dr. Michael Rosner (ACL) Bellcore, MRE 2A379 IDSIA 445 South Street, Box 1910 Corso Elvezia 36 Morristown, NJ 07960-1910, USA CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland walker@flash.bellcore.com mike@idsia.uu.ch We all wish you a very pleasant conference, Steven Krauwer, Michael Moortgat, Louis des Tombe (Conference Chair) Anne-Marie Mineur, Yvon Wijnen (Student Chair) Renee Pohlmann (Local Coordinator) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-237. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-238. Thu 01 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 83 Subject: 4.238 Sum: Phonetic Alphabets Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 31 Mar 1993 15:35:28 +0000 (GMT-1:00) From: sandra@spex.nl (Sandra Swagten) Subject: Phonetic Alphabets (your replies) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 31 Mar 1993 15:35:28 +0000 (GMT-1:00) From: sandra@spex.nl (Sandra Swagten) Subject: Phonetic Alphabets (your replies) Hi, Some weeks ago I posted the following question(s) on Computer Phonetic Alphabets: > At SPEX we are currently trying to build up an speech archive. In this > archive we also want to store transcriptions. The problem with > transcriptions is that people deliver it in different alphabets. > We have the following questions: > - Which alphabet would you suggest we should use in this archive? > IPA seems to be the most extensive alphabet. > - Is there a (standard) computer representation available for IPA? > - Are there any mapping tables, methods, programs to convert the > different alphabets (COST-CPA, SAMPA, ...) into IPA? > Any help would be appreciated! Thanks in advance, > P.S. > I'm not a member of this group, I hope you don't mind that I "take > advantage" of your expertise this once. I promise, I'll post a resume > of your answers in the group. I'm now keeping my P.S. promise and give you a resume of your answers and the answers I've gotten from the newsgroup comp.speech. I'd like to thank: Christopher Bader Nick Campbell (btw Bill Barry did not (yet) respond) Christoph Draxler Derk Ederveen Harry Gaylord John E. Koontz Stavros Macrakis Henry Rogers Stephen P. Spackman Helmer Strik (many times) ted@nmsu.edu Graham Toal (and by his reference and Derk's: Evan Kirschenbaum) Everybody seems to agree that IPA is the standard to be used, if one needs a standard. There were several references to a meeting in Kiel that standardized IPA. The exact date of that meeting is unsure, but I understand that the ISO can give me a IPA chart. Christoph told that he has solved the translation from one CPA to another in Prolog; unfortunately, we at SPEX do not use Prolog, but who knows in the future... Evan has a beautiful ASCII/IPA Representation system which seems very complete. There are also some pointers to UNICODE; I'll have to look into that one. Anyway, even with a standard, there will always be problems about how to encode specific characters/characteristics. I've got enough information to get us started, I'm very grateful to all those who've responded. If new information pops up, I'll let you know. Greeting, Sandra. -- ============================================================================== | Sandra Swagten E-mail: sandra@spex.nl | | Speech Processing EXpertise centre phone : +31 70 3326282 | | P.O.Box 421 | | 2260 AK Leidschendam The Netherlands | ============================================================================== LINGUIST List: Vol-4-238. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-239. Thu 01 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 94 Subject: 4.239 Qs: Theta, X-bar, Dorsal r Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 18:29:58 +0100 From: sjh1@castle.york.ac.uk (Steve Harlow) Subject: Cases/Theta Roles (Q) 2) Date: 31 Mar 1993 16:12:03 -0500 (EST) From: ETODD@TrentU.ca Subject: X-bar theory in non-IE 3) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 03:44:24 +0000 From: Arne Foldvik Subject: Dorsal R spreading -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 18:29:58 +0100 From: sjh1@castle.york.ac.uk (Steve Harlow) Subject: Cases/Theta Roles (Q) A query on behalf of a student: I would be grateful for any pointers to discussion concerning the precise number and content of Fillmorean cases and/or thematic roles. Steve Harlow Internet: sjh1@castle.york.ac.uk Department of Language Janet: sjh1@uk.ac.york.vaxa and Linguistic Science University of York Tel: +44 904 432654 York YO1 5DD UK -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 31 Mar 1993 16:12:03 -0500 (EST) From: ETODD@TrentU.ca Subject: X-bar theory in non-IE I have been trying to understand syntax of some non-Indo-European languages, and am presently trying to understand x-bar theory which seems to illuminate some aspects of these languages. But I have been working in isolation and would appreciate criticism or comments on some of my ideas, from anyone interested. Currently I am working on Cree and Ojibwa of the Algonquian family and my focus is on two interesting features: 1) a few sentences are non-verbal -- and some of these are one-word -- e.g. Ojibwa question: awenen 'who is it' would this be C-specifier from I from NP? 2) conjunct verb forms are verbs with agreement morphemes different from those used in independent verbs (the ones that occur in simple minimal sentences) -- and CP frequently consists of a single conjunct verb, which can be expanded with nominal subject,object etc. It seems reasonable to consider that this verb form is surface C from I from V e.g. Cree: (independent) a:say mina niyoma:w 'this time too he was invited (conjunct) "ota ta-pe-mi:ciso:w" ita:w, e-nitomiht '"Let him come and eat over here," someone said to him, inviting h verb stem: nitom- 'invite' All correspondence appreciated. Evelyn Todd etodd@trentu.ca -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 03:44:24 +0000 From: Arne Foldvik Subject: Dorsal R spreading There are reports of dorsal r (velar or uvular, fricative or trill) spreading in Southern Vietnamese. Can anyone verify this? Are there recent examples of dorsal r in one language leading to a change from apical to dorsal r pronunciation in another language? arne.foldvik@avh.unit.no -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-239. ________________________________________________________________ majority of subscribers to LINGUIST. It is therefore being reposted to the list. We apologize if this message has already reached you.) ---------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-240. Thu 01 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 71 Subject: 4.240 Jobs: Computational, Director of Language Center Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 10:03:58 EST From: pattys@logos-usa.com (Patty Schmidt) Subject: Job Openings at Logos Corporation 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1993 14:39 EDT From: CJONES@BENTLEY.BITNET Subject: Job opening -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 31 Mar 93 10:03:58 EST From: pattys@logos-usa.com (Patty Schmidt) Subject: Job Openings at Logos Corporation Logos, the world leader in development of computer software for translating natural languages, has two openings on its linguistics staff. German-French Linguist: Candidate must be a native speaker of French with near-native knowledge of German and a degree in linguistics. Experience in translation from German to French is a plus. Project Administrator: Candidate must have a thorough knowledge of English and German, a degree in language studies, experience using computers, and excellent organizational skills. Knowledge of French, Spanish, or Italian is a plus. Send resume to: President, Logos Corporation 45 Park Place So., Suite 214 Morristown, NJ 07960 or Fax resume to: (201) 398-6102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 30 Mar 1993 14:39 EDT From: CJONES@BENTLEY.BITNET Subject: Job opening Director of Modern Language Learning Center Responsibilites include administration of language learning facility, training and supervision of peer tutors, teaching, and development of innovative foreign language instructional material using computer assisted instruction and other media. Applicants should minimally possess the MA or equivalent degree, native or near-native fluency, preferably in Spanish and at least one other foreign language, and experience in CAI, preferably on the Macintosh. This is an administrative appointment with faculty status, full benefits and competitive salary. Please send a resume, three letters of recommendation, and a representative portfolio by April 12 to: Dr. Kitzie McKinney, Department of Modern Languages, 101 Morison, Bentley college, 175 Forest Street, Waltham, MA 02154-4705. AA/EOE. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-240. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-241. Fri 02 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 231 Subject: 4.241 Chicago Linguistic Society 1993: Schedule Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 16:40:48 CST From: Chicago Linguistic Society Subject: CLS 29: Schedule -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 16:40:48 CST From: Chicago Linguistic Society Subject: CLS 29: Schedule A file containing housing, transportation, registration information and a full schedule for the 29th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society is available on the Listserv. If you wish to get this file, send the message: get cls conf linguist to the address: listserv@tamvm1.tamu.edu (Internet) or listserv@tamvm1 (Bitnet) Questions can be addressed to cls@sapir.uchicago.edu. ******************************************************** THE CHICAGO LINGUISTIC SOCIETY TWENTY-NINTH REGIONAL MEETING Thursday, 22 April 1993 ----------------------- 8:30 Registration 9:00 Gregory D.S. Anderson Obligatory Double-Marking Morpho- University of Chicago syntactic Categories 9:30 Maria Polinsky Intransitive Subject Inversion and Univ. of Couthern California Locative Inversion 10:00 Miriam Butt Object Specificity and Agreement in Stanford University Hindi/Urdu 10:30 Iwona Kraska-Szlenk Clitics Like to Sound Good: Evidence Michigan State University from Polish 11:00 Pilar Barbosa Clitic Placement in European Portuguese M.I.T. and the Position of Subjects 11:30 Richard D. Janda From Affix to Subject-Clitic: Nos-otros University of Chicago nos and -mos>-nos in regional Spanish Dialects 12:00 Lunch Break 1:00 David Kathman Floating Grids and the Independence of University of Chicago Metrical Structure 1:30 Draga Zec Conflicting Constraints in Pali Syllable Cornell University Structure 2:00 Manuela Noske All Good Things Come in Threes University of Chicago 2:30 Kevin Russell Morphemes as Constraints: The Case of Univ. of Southern California "Copy-Back" Reduplication 3:00 Lise M. Dobrin Resolving Indeterminacy in Prosodic University of Chicago Morphology 3:30 Bill Reynolds Trochaic Feet in the Morphology of a University of Pennsylvania Language with Unbounded Metrical Feet: The Case for Chuvash 4:00 William F. Weigel Morphosyntactic Toggles Univ. of Calif. at Berkeley 4:30 Laura J. Downing Unsyllabified Vowels in Aranda Univ. of British Columbia 5:00 Abigail C. Cohn The Feature Lower Larynx: Consonant- Cornell University Vowel Interactions in Madurese 5:30 Dinner Break 7:00 Susan Strauss Why `this' and `that' are not Complete Univ. of Calif. at Los Angeles Without `it' 7:30 Limin Zheng Footing and Speaker Intention Georgetown University 8:00 Michel Degraff & Debbie Why is My Old Friend Not Old? Mandelbaum City University of New York 8:30 Laurel Smith Stvan Activity Implicatures and Possessor Northwestern University Implicatures: What are Locations When There is no Article? 9:00 Katsuhiko Yabushita Persistence, Not Weakness: A New Univ. of Texas at Austin Characterization of the Grammaticality of There-Sentences Friday, 23 April 1993 --------------------- 8:30 George Giannakis The Meaning and Usage of Indo-European Univ. of Calif at Los Angeles *dhe- `put; place; make' 9:00 Eithne Guilfoyle Nonfinite Clauses in Modern Irish and University of Calgary Old English 9:30 Whitney Tabor The Gradual Development of Degree Modifier Stanford University `sort of': A Corpus Proximity ModelA Unified 10:00 Barbara Need & Eric Schiller Diachronic Explanation of Modern English University of Chicago Modals 10:30 Steve Peter Greenberg's Method of Mass Comparison and Harvard University the Genetic Classification of Languages ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11:00 Hans Henrich Hock Swallow Tales: Chance and the "World University of Illinois at Etymology" maliq'a `throat, swallow' Urbana-Champaign INVITED SPEAKER ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12:00 Lunch Break 1:00 Robert Belvin The two possessive have's are the Two Univ. of Southern California Causative have's 1:30 Rakesh M. Bhatt Psyched Out -- Analysing Quirky University of Illinois at Constructions Urbana-Champaign 2:00 Paola Monachesi Restructuring Verbs in Italian HPSG Tilburg University Grammar 2:30 Cathal Doherty The Syntax of Subject Contact Relatives Univ. of Calif at Santa Cruz 3:00 Tista Bagchi Control, Reflexives, and Automodularity University of Chicago in Bangla Imperfective Participial Constructions 3:30 Sungki Suh How to Process Constituent Structure in University of Maryland Head Final Languages: The Case in Korean 4:00 Jerrold M. Sadock & Eric The Generalized Interface Principle Schiller University of Chicago THE PARASESSION --------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4:30 Michael Silverstein Of Dynamos and Doorbells: University of Chicago Semiotic Modularity and the (Over)differentiation of Cognitive INVITED SPEAKER ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5:30 Dinner Break 7:00 Christopher J. Pinon Paths and Their Names Stanford University 7:30 Lourdes de Leon Shape and Geometry in Tzotzil Locative Reed College Expressions 8:00 James H-Y. Tai A Non-Objectivist of Jackendoff's Ohio State University Conceptual Semantics ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8:30 David Dowty Categorial Grammar, Reasoning, and Ohio State University Cognition: `Surface' Syntax as Conceptual Representation ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Saturday, 24 April 1993 ----------------------- 9:00 Cheryl Fantuzzi Core Grammar and the Acquisition of Univ. of Calif at Los Angeles Verbal Aspect 9:30 A.G. Blackschneider & M. Children's Acquisition of Lexical Schatz Domains University of Michigan 10:00 Heike Behrens The Relationship between Conceptual Max Planck Institute for and Linguistic Development: The Early Psycholinguistics Encoding of Past Reference by German Children 10:30 Kim Gillis & Cheryl Smith Cognition and the Use of Verbs in University of Vermont Productive Syntactic Frames ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 11:00 Lila Gleitman A Picture is Worth a Thousand Words, University of Pennsylvania but That's the Trouble: Structural INVITED SPEAKER Supports for Vocabulary Acquisition ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 12:00 Lunch Break 1:00 Minglang Zhou Iconicity and the Concept of Time: Michigan State University Evidence from Verb Reduplication in Chinese 1:30 Inhee Jo Serialization and the Intensionality Ball State University of Event Individuation 2:00 Catherine Harris Using Old Words in New Ways: The Boston University Affect of Argument Structure, Form Class, and Affixation 2:30 Mutsumi Imai & Dedre Gentner Linguistic Relativity vs. Universal Northwestern University Ontology: Cross-Linguistic Studies of the Object/Substance Distinction 3:00 Margaret Kimberly Kellogg Paraphasia and the Lexical Selection Univ. of Calif at San Diego of Nouns & Verbs: Evidence for the Conceptual Basis of Nominal and Verbal Grammatical Categories 3:30 Jill P. Morford, Jenny L. The Role of Iconicity in Manual Singleton & Susan Goldin-Meadow Communication University of Chicago ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4:00 Lawrence W. Barsalou, Wenchi Concepts and Meaning Yen, Barbara Luka, Karen Olseth, Kelly Mix, and Ling- Ling Wu University of Chicago INVITED SPEAKER ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5:00 Dinner Break 6:30 Barbara Abbott Some Remarks on a Causal Theory of Michigan State University Word Meaning 7:00 Karen van Hoeck Conceptual Connectivity and University of Michigan Constraints on Anaphors 7:30 Jan Nuyts From Language to Conceptualization: Univ. Instelling Antwerpen The Case of Epistemic Modality ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8:00 George Lakoff The Structure of the Conceptual Univ. of Calif at Berkeley System and its Implications for Grammar INVITED SPEAKER -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-241. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-242. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 139 Subject: 4.242 Qs: Instrumentals, Hearing Parents, Gender, Seychelles Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 13:40:37 -0500 From: bhuvana@acs.bu.edu (Bhuvaneswari Narasimhan) Subject: Instrumental NP's 2) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 14:05:27 -0600 From: M Lynne Murphy Subject: query: hearing kids/deaf parents 3) Date: 2 Apr 1993 14:14:54+1200 From: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Subject: Query: Gender systems 4) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 18:16 GMT From: JODEEW%EGAUCACS.BITNET@FRMOP11.CNUSC.FR Subject: Seychelles Kreol -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 13:40:37 -0500 From: bhuvana@acs.bu.edu (Bhuvaneswari Narasimhan) Subject: Instrumental NP's I am interested in the looking at the alternation of instrumental NP's between subject, object and adjunct positions, as illustrated below where the instrument - "the knife" and "the bullet" - appears in different positions in the sentence: John cut the bread with the knife. The knife cut the bread. John shot the bullet at the bird. Any observations relating to this issue would be welcome. Please send email directly to me. Thanks, Bhuvana Narasimhan bhuvana@acs.bu.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 1993 14:05:27 -0600 From: M Lynne Murphy Subject: query: hearing kids/deaf parents an undergrad student of mine would like to write a paper on the language acquisition (oral) of the hearing kids of deaf parents. might anyone out there have any appropriate references? thanks in advance, lynne murphy u of illinois/urbana-champaign lynne@cogsci.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: 2 Apr 1993 14:14:54+1200 From: Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Subject: Query: Gender systems I would be grateful for any information or references concerning gender systems which are relatively *large* (i.e. contain 4 or more controller genders or distinct agreement patterns) and where gender is *covert* (i.e. is not overtly marked on controllers in the way it is in most Bantu languages, usually with alliterative concord on many of the targets as well). Several languages which (apparently) are like this are mentioned by Grev Corbett in _Gender_, but more examples would be welcome. The reason I ask is that I am exploring to what extent gender systems may obey some kind of 'economy' or 'no blur' principle similar to what has been suggested for inflection class systems. I appreciate that the overt/covert distinction is not clear-cut. In an Indo-European language such as Latin, the gender of a noun is often predictable with reasonable or complete certainty from its morphological characteristics. Nevertheless, concord is not consistently alliterative or rhyming (contrast _bonus servus, bona puella_ with _bonus agricola, dux_ etc. and _bona fagus, nox_ etc.), and for the purpose of this inquiry I would classify Latin gender as covert. Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy Department of Linguistics, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand Phone +64-3-364 2211; home phone +64-3-355 5108 Fax +64-3-364 2065 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 1 Apr 93 18:16 GMT From: JODEEW%EGAUCACS.BITNET@FRMOP11.CNUSC.FR Subject: Seychelles Kreol I am an MA/TEFL student at the American University in Cairo. I am working on a paper about the language situation in the Republic of Sey- chelles. Having lived there for three years, and being a non-native speaker of Seychellois Kreol, I have some insights into the situation, but when I lived there, I was not "into" linguistics. I am interested in finding someone through this list who knows anything about the language situation there (i.e., which languages are used for which functions, attitudes toward language, dialects of Seychellois Kreol, etc.). If there is anyone out there who has such information, I would appreciate hearing from you at my e-mail (BITNET) address: JODEEW@EGAUCACS Thanks, in advance! JoDee Walters The American University in Cairo Department of Teaching English as a Foreign Language -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-242. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-243. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 168 Subject: 4.243 Qs: Reported, Nicaragua & Scandinavia, interference, have Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 02 Apr 1993 15:03:44 -0600 (CST) From: MINER@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu Subject: directly vs. indirectly reported speech 2) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 17:07:09 EST From: tat@Athena.MIT.EDU Subject: Nicaraguan linguist request 3) Date: Sat, 3 Apr 1993 13:22 EST From: FENYVESI@vms.cis.pitt.edu Subject: Query: interference in intonation 4) Date: Sat, 3 Apr 93 17:00:48 PST From: forrest_braze@csufresno.edu (Forrest Braze) Subject: query: "have," "have got," and "got" -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 02 Apr 1993 15:03:44 -0600 (CST) From: MINER@kuhub.cc.ukans.edu Subject: directly vs. indirectly reported speech A quick version of my request is: I need as many examples as possible of languages in which, in narrative, reported speech is always or usually direct rather than indirect; that is, languages in which one readily says/writes, in effect: He said: I am hungry. but not (or usually not): He said (that) he was hungry. I'm especially interested in languages which in your opinion do not have the grammatical means to construct indirectly reported speech--if such there be--but are obliged to attribute actual words to the third party. A longer version especially for those knowledgeable about Biblical Hebrew: Robert Alter in _The Art of Biblical Narrative_ (NY:Basic Books, 1981) is puzzled that in Biblical Hebrew so much "thought should be reported as speech." [p 68] "By and large, the biblical writers prefer to avoid indirect speech" [p67] "...thought is almost invariably rendered as actual speech, that is, as quoted monologue." It is clear that what Alter is describing is the overwhelming preference for directly reported speech in Biblical Hebrew. On p. 69 he gives "an extreme instance: the report of inquiry of an oracle as dialogue." This is II Samuel ii.1 in which David presumably consults an oracle; there is evidence that the consultation was by means of the ephod and the Urim & Thummim, yet the narration goes: ...David inquired of the Lord, "Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah?" And the Lord *said to him, "Go up."* [emphasis mine-KM] Alter's example is weak in that we must *assume* that the method of consultation was non-verbal. A stronger example (which Alter does not cite) is I Samuel xxiii.9-12, where we *know* -- because of the reference to the ephod in v. 9 (cf. the notes in the New Oxford Annotated Bible, p 362) -- that the consultation was by lot, probably by means of Urim and Thummim, yet we have "the Lord said" followed by directly reported speech, vv 11, 12, to render the answers. Several questions arise: (a) Should we attribute the lack or scarcity of indirectly reported speech in a language to grammar or to something else? (b) Are there languages in which we can establish that indirectly reported speech is impossible, so that a speaker is obliged to attribute actual words to a speaker? Any relevant comments welcome. - Ken -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 17:07:09 EST From: tat@Athena.MIT.EDU Subject: Nicaraguan linguist request I am writing on behalf of a linguist in Nicaragua, Danilo Salamanca. He is currently the Director of CIDCA (Centro de Investigaciones y Documentacion de la Costa Atlantica), a research center in Managua. The center is concerned with all areas of research pertaining to the Atlantic Coast of Nicaragua from Agriculture to Linguistics to Zoology. CIDCA has been involved in creating dictionaries of languages indigenous to Nicaragua, including Miskito and Rama. It has also been very involved in the bi-lingual education program on the Atlantic Coast including both the above languages and an english Creole spoken on the Coast. Danilo is travelling to Norway and Sweden in the near future and would like to meet any linguists interested in linguistics in the "third world" and in theoretical linguistics; he is an MIT trained linguist. Please contact him at CIDCA@nicarao.apc.org. ALso if anyone knows the address of either Tarald Taraldsen and/or Lars Hellan, please send them to Danilo. Theresa A. Tobin MIT Humanities Librarian Cambridge, MA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 3 Apr 1993 13:22 EST From: FENYVESI@vms.cis.pitt.edu Subject: Query: interference in intonation I am posting this query for a linguist friend who does not currently subscribe to Linguist. Please send any responses directly to me, and I will forward them, as well as post a summary if there is interest in one. The question is: has anything ever been written on L2 interference in bilingual speakers' L1 intonation? References of both SLA and maintenance/shift oriented literature would be helpful. Thanks, Anna Fenyvesi fenyvesi@vms.cis.pitt.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sat, 3 Apr 93 17:00:48 PST From: forrest_braze@csufresno.edu (Forrest Braze) Subject: query: "have," "have got," and "got" I am looking for leads to research on the use of "have," "have got," and "got," where the meaning is 'possess,' in Modern English. I am particularly interested in quantitative studies dealing with the regional and social distribution of these forms. I am, however, also interested in the syntactic and semantic analysis of these forms. Any leads to research on this matter will be much appreciated. Thanks. Dave Braze -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-243. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-244. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 90 Subject: 4.244 Jobs: Psycholinguistics, Syntax/Semantics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 01 Apr 93 14:00:31 EST From: Judith Tucker Subject: One year visiting position at CUNY 2) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 11:20:24 BST From: "Jonathan Kaye 323-6362" (JK at UKACRL) Subject: Job: SOAS Syntax/Semantics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 01 Apr 93 14:00:31 EST From: Judith Tucker Subject: One year visiting position at CUNY The Ph.D. Program in Linguistics at the Graduate School and University Center of the City University of New York invites applications and nominations for a one year visiting position in psycholinguistics. Appointment is for September 1, 1993. Requirements are a Ph.D. in Linguistics (or related discipline), and a substantial record of research and publications. Salary will be in accord with rank, which is open. Duties include graduate teaching and supervision of student research in experimental psycholinguistics. Please send C.V. and two or three of your most recent publications to: Professor Janet Fodor Ph.D. Program in Linguistics CUNY Graduate Center 33 West 42nd Street New York, NY 10036 Since an early decision must be made applications will be processed as they are received until the position is filled. CUNY is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. Women and minority candidates are strongly encouraged to apply. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 11:20:24 BST From: "Jonathan Kaye 323-6362" (JK at UKACRL) Subject: Job: SOAS Syntax/Semantics SCHOOL OF ORIENTAL AND AFRICAN STUDIES (University of London) LECTURESHIP IN LINGUISTICS Applications are invited for a lectureship in Linguistics in the Department of Linguistics. The appointment will be effective from October 1st 1993. The department has a requirement for a specialist in formal syntax and/or semantics who will combine research with tuition across the spectrum of undergraduate and graduate teaching and supervision. Ideally, candidates should have a PhD as well as teaching experience. The Lecturer salary scale is $13,400 - $24,736 plus $2,134 London Allowance. Application forms and further particulars may be obtained from the Personnel Office, School of Oriental and African Studies, Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square, London WC1H OXG (Tel: 071-637 2388 ext 2234). Please telephone between 2 pm and 5 pm. Further information may also be obtained from the Secretary of the Linguistics Department 071-323-6332. Overseas candidates may apply directly by letter supported by a full curriculum vitae, at least two representative publications, and the names and addresses of three referees. Closing date: 1 May, 1993 The School is an equal opportunities employer. [note that the salary is in pounds stlg (the pound sign may get converted to a dollar sign on your system] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-244. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-245. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 79 Subject: 4.245 Sum: LAD = Discovery Procedures, Autonomy Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 93 06:54:18 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: LAD = Discovery Procedures 2) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 93 06:44:56 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: Autonomy -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 93 06:54:18 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: LAD = Discovery Procedures A number of people, who probably would prefer to remain nameless, attributed the discovery of the equivalence given in the subject line to Bruce Derwing in his book 'TG as a theory of language acquisition'. However, several people pointed out that this point had been made much earlier by Chomsky in Aspects (p. 33 and fn. 20 on pp. 202-3), Gil Harman being the one who sent the actual complete reference. Thanks to all on this. I must confess, however, that in light of this even I, who continually denounce the ahistorical nonsense that passes for the teaching of linguistics, am astonished. I certainly was taught that discovery procedures were one of the principal things that Chomsky took the structuralists to task for, and I wonder if other LINGUISTs have not had the same experience. (It turns out, of course, that Chomsky was objecting to what he perceived (incorrectly, as Michael Kac points out) as one of the central features of the structuralist approach to discovery procedures, namely, that they amounted to a proposed mechanism for discovering a correct theory, something which is presumably impossible. But, in actual fact, it was the structuralists who emphasized the non-uniqueness of grammatical analysis (cf. Chao) and, on the other hand, in the mind of the child who is learning a language with the help of his LAD, presumably a unique theory (which may not, however, be correct!) does emerge, this being the grammar which (s)he is supposed to be acquiring. So the shoe would appear to be perhaps on the other foot. BUT it would have been nice to have been taught someting approximating the facts when one was learning linguistics for the first time.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 93 06:44:56 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: Autonomy Thanks to all who wrote in on this question. Barbara Hall Partee suggested, almost certainly correctly, that the term 'autonomy' was first used by Chomsky in his paper 'Questions of Form and Interpretation', which is, incidentally, the only place he dwells on this topic in detail. Larry Trask points out, however, that the term 'autonomous syntax' may have been used earlier by Pieter Seuren. Incidentally, I asked Chomsky the same question and his recollections, while hazy, agree with Barbara's. It may not be inappropriate to add that those who, like me, read this paper of Chomsky's for the first time (it appears in a collection ed. by Robt. Austerlitz, Scope of American Linguistics), will be quite surprised as to what his position of both autonomy of syntax and autonomy of grammar actually was at that time. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-245. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-246. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 112 Subject: 4.246 Conferences: NWAVE, WECOL Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 11:26:49 EST From: NWAVE22 <054007@acadvm1.uottawa.ca> Subject: NWAVE 2) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1993 12:36:00 -0800 (PST) From: Alice Taff Subject: WECOL call for abstracts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 02 Apr 93 11:26:49 EST From: NWAVE22 <054007@acadvm1.uottawa.ca> Subject: NWAVE Please post: Call for papers 22nd ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON NEW WAYS OF ANALYZING VARIATION October 14 - 17, 1993 University of Ottawa, Canada KEYNOTE SPEAKERS: JACK CHAMBERS WILLIAM LABOV WALT WOLFRAM Abstracts are invited in all areas of linguistic variation theory for 20-minute presentations Jand for posters. Abstract specifications: Format: Abstract page. Abstracts, including full title, should be no longer than 500 words and Jmay not exceed a single 8 1/2 X 11" page with 1" margins all around. AuthorUs name Jshould not appear on this page. Cover page. Include full title of the submission, and authorUs name, affiliation, address, JE-mail, fax and phone numbers. Indicate here whether you wish your abstract to be Jconsidered for a paper session, a poster session, or either. American Dialect Society Jmembers: Indicate whether, if accepted, you wish your paper to be scheduled in a special JADS session. Submission instructions: Send 6 hard copies of of the abstract page + 1 copy of the cover page, AND 1) a 3 1/2" Jdiskette containing abstract page and cover page (using MS Word for MAC or IBM), OR J2) an E-mail message containing same, OR 3) an indication (on cover page) if electronic Jsubmission is impossible. Deadline for receipt of abstracts: July 1, 1993 Abstracts will be anonymously refereed. Expected notification date: August 15, 1993 Mail to: Shana Poplack % NWAVE 22 Dept. of Linguistics University of Ottawa 78 Laurier East Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5 E-MAIL: NWAVE22@UOTTAWA.ACADVM1.CA FAX: 1 613 564-9067 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1993 12:36:00 -0800 (PST) From: Alice Taff Subject: WECOL call for abstracts W E C O L X X I I I U n i v e r s i t y o f W a s h i n g to n Seattle, Washington October 22-24, 1993 SPECIAL THEME: THEORETICAL CONTRIBUTIONS OF NATIVE AMERICAN LANGUAGES INVITED SPEAKERS: EMMON BACH, MARK BAKER, AND PATRICIA SHAW Subject to funding, we also hope to have invited speakers in the areas of phonetics, syntax, and historical linguistics/language classification. CALL FOR ABSTRACTS Abstracts may be submitted in any area of linguistics. Presented papers will be twenty minutes long followed by a five-minute question period. Send five anonymous copies of a one page abstract (references may be on a separate page) accompanied by a 3x5 card containing name, paper title, institution, addresses (both e- and snail-mail) to: WECOL, Dept. of Linguistics, GN-40, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195. No e-mail abstracts, please. Abstracts due June 1, 1993 Abstract decisions announced mid-July, 1993 Proceedings published early 1994 (details provided at the conference) A limited amount of on campus housing will be available. For more information, write to write WECOL at above address or send e-mail to wecol@u.washington.edu. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-246. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-247. Sun 04 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 60 Subject: 4.247 BAAL Book Prize Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1993 18:32:05 +0100 From: D.J.Graddol@open.ac.uk (DAVID GRADDOL) Subject: BAAL Book Prize Reminder -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 2 Apr 1993 18:32:05 +0100 From: D.J.Graddol@open.ac.uk (DAVID GRADDOL) Subject: BAAL Book Prize Reminder British Association of Applied Linguistics __________________________________________________________ BAAL BOOK PRIZE 1993 FINAL REMINDER Nominations for the BAAL Book Prize will continue to be received until April 30th 1993. (Either the books OR a notification that they are on their way should be received before that date). Books in any field of Applied Lingustics are eligible for the prize. Eligibility is NOT restricted to books published in the United Kingdom. Authors need NOT be members of BAAL. Entries must bear a 1992 copyright notice. If you were the author of book published in 1993 which might (loosely) be described as being in the field of 'Applied Linguistics' then why not draw your publishers' attention to this prize? Further copies of the original announcement can be obtained by email or Fax at the addresses below. David Graddol, The Publications Secretary, BAAL Centre for Language and Communications School of Education Open University Walton Hall Milton Keynes MK7 6AA United Kingdom (d.j.graddol@open.ac.uk) or Fax +908 654111. Winner of the BAAL BOOK PRIZE 1992 was Joshua Fishman (1991) 'Reversing language shift', Clevedon: Multilingual Matters Ltd. -------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-247. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-248. Mon 05 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 153 Subject: 4.248 Conferences: Analyzing variation, Clause internal rules Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 05 Apr 93 13:06:58 EDT From: Marjory Meechan/NWAVE Committee <054007@acadvm1.uottawa.ca> Subject: New Ways of Analyzing Variation 2) Date: Mon, 5 Apr 93 21:47 MET From: WEISSENBORN@mpi.nl Subject: Workshop on the L1- and L2-acquisition of clause internal rules -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 05 Apr 93 13:06:58 EDT From: Marjory Meechan/NWAVE Committee <054007@acadvm1.uottawa.ca> Subject: New Ways of Analyzing Variation Call for papers 22nd ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON NEW WAYS OF ANALYZING VARIATION October 14 - 17, 1993 University of Ottawa, Canada KEYNOTE SPEAKERS: JACK CHAMBERS WILLIAM LABOV WALT WOLFRAM Abstracts are invited in all areas of linguistic variation theory for 20-minute presentations and for posters. Abstract specifications: Format: Abstract page. Abstracts, including full title, should be no longer than 500 words and may not exceed a single 8 1/2 X 11" page with 1" margins all around. Author's name should not appear on this page. Cover page. Include full title of the submission, and author's name, affiliation, address, E-mail, fax and phone numbers. Indicate here whether you wish your abstract to be considered for a paper session, a poster session, or either. American Dialect Society members: Indicate whether, if accepted, you wish your paper to be scheduled in a special ADS session. Submission instructions: Send 6 hard copies of of the abstract page + 1 copy of the cover page, AND 1) a 3 1/2" diskette containing abstract page and cover page (using MS Word for MAC or IBM), OR 2) an E-mail message containing same, OR 3) an indication (on cover page) if electronic submission is impossible. Deadline for receipt of abstracts: July 1, 1993 Abstracts will be anonymously refereed. Expected notification date: August 15, 1993 Mail to: Shana Poplack @ NWAVE 22 Dept. of Linguistics University of Ottawa 78 Laurier East Ottawa, Canada K1N 6N5 E-MAIL: NWAVE22@UOTTAWA.ACADVM1.CA FAX: 1 613 564-9067 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 5 Apr 93 21:47 MET From: WEISSENBORN@mpi.nl Subject: Workshop on the L1- and L2-acquisition of clause internal rules CALL FOR PAPERS WORKSHOP ON THE L1- AND L2-ACQUISITION OF CLAUSE-INTERNAL RULES: SCRAMBLING AND CLITICIZATION UNIVERSITY OF BERNE - NOVEMBER 19 - 21, 1993. Natural languages display a wide range of clause-internal reordering phenomena. Although central for the grammar of many languages, these phenomena have been rather marginally treated in the acquisition literature. The main purpose of the meeting in Berne is to bring together researchers working in this field in order to take the first steps toward filling this gap. The workshop will be mainly concerned with scrambling and cliticization. Scrambling is a general term which covers what has been referred to in the traditional grammar of German as "middle field phenomena", i.e. IP-internal movements of maximal projections. It has been recently suggested that scrambling involves both adjunction and SPEC-to-SPEC movement. Both types of movement may be either local or non-local. These analyses raise the following questions: a. What is the relationship between the distribution of the various movement types and the acquisition sequence? b. When are the scope effects which are associated with focus and Neg particles acquired? Is early grammar consistent with the target language with regard to scrambling rules? c. What is the relationship between scrambling and SPEC, VP-to-SPEC, IP- Raising? d. In what manner does the acquisition of scrambling correlate with the current structure of the DP? How can we account for DP-splitting effects and related phenomena? f. How does the acquisition of scrambling manifest itself in language-impaired children? g. What is the relationship between Verb Projection Raising and scrambling? The notion of cliticization covers fronting effects of atonic (or weak tonic) pronouns to the left-periphery of the clause (e.g. to the so-called Wackernagel Position in Germanic). Among the questions raised by this issue: a. Does cliticization involve Xo or Xmax movement? b. What is the source of clitic-doubling phenomena? c. What is the landing site of pronominal clitics? d. What is the relationship between cliticization and the internal structure of the DP in the current grammar? The organizing committee: Z. Penner (Berne), T. Roeper (UMass), J. Weissenborn (MPI), K. Wexler (MIT) The workshop will consist of 12-16 contributions of 45 minutes each (plus 15 minutes discussion) and 3-4 state-of-the-art talks. The latter will cover the following topics: (i) the structure of full and pronominal DPs; (ii) current trends in the theory of scrambling. Those interested in actively participating in the workshop should send four copies of a one-page abstract to the following address before May 14, 1993. Zvi Penner, Institut f|r Sprachwissenschaft der Universitdt Bern Ldngsgassstr. 49, CH-3000 Bern 9 Tel. ++41-31-65 37 55 (Inst. 65 8O O5); Fax ++41-31-65 36 03 E-Mail: ISPRA@ISW.UNIBE.CH We hope to be able to partially reimburse the hotel & travel expenses of those speakers who are not funded by their home universities. Please Circulate Locally -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-248. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-249. Mon 05 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 85 Subject: 4.249 Earliest Citation of NOT; Journal Of Undergraduate Research Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 5 Apr 93 11:58:24 EDT From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: early citation of retroactive NOT 2) Date: 05 Apr 1993 14:39:53 -0600 (MDT) From: BIRKS NEIL BRENDAN Subject: Journal Of Undergraduate Research (fwd) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 5 Apr 93 11:58:24 EDT From: "Bruce E. Nevin" Subject: early citation of retroactive NOT The `Devil's Advocate' column in the April 1993 isue of UNIX Review (p. 116) closes with a discussion of retroactive `not' which cites a 1905 story "Pigs is Pigs" by Ellis Parker Butler, in _American Magazine_ (Colver Publishing House). The quotation: "Cert'nly, me dear frind Flannery. Delighted! _Not!_" (Spelling "frind" is in original.) Perhaps the speaker is intended to be an Irish immigrant, and if so mightn't that provide a clue as to origin? As I recall, I think the earliest citation posted here previously was 1912, posted by Larry Hyman? Bruce Nevin bn@bbn.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 05 Apr 1993 14:39:53 -0600 (MDT) From: BIRKS NEIL BRENDAN Subject: Journal Of Undergraduate Research (fwd) ATTENTION - All who submitted papers to the Journal of Undergraduate Research >From these areas: South Dakota Nebraska Kansas Minnesota Iowa Wisconsin Illinois Missouri Indiana Michigan Ohio African countries Australia and those who mailed submissions to this address: jbowman@casbah.acns.NWU.EDU PLEASE re-submit your paper to THIS address: foxa@spot.colorado.edu We apologize for any inconvenience this may cause. Thank you The Editors Journal of Undergraduate Research -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-249. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-250. Wed 07 Apr 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 70 Subject: 4.250 Workshop on information-based linguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Apr 1993 09:28:50 -0700 (MST) From: STEELE@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Workshop on Information-based linguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 06 Apr 1993 09:28:50 -0700 (MST) From: STEELE@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Workshop on Information-based linguistics Workshop on Information-Based Linguistics Preliminary Schedule University of Arizona Tucson, AZ Friday, April 16 Noon: Cognitive Science Brown Bag, Terry Langendoen 2 pm: Keynote Speaker, William Marslen-Wilson, Douglass 100 3:30: Reception, Linguistics Lounge 7:30: Party, home of Diana Archangeli Saturday, April 17, Alumni Foundation 205 9:00: Coffee 9:30 - 11:45: Features Jo Calder, Richard Oehrle, Thomas Bourgeois, Jane Tsay 11:45 - 1:00: Lunch 1:00 - 3:00: Categories Emmon Bach, Shaun O'Connor, Terry Langendoen 3:00 - 3:30: Break 3:30 - 5:30: Constituents John Coleman, Tom Cornell, Ken Forster, Susan Steele 6:30: Party, home of Peg Lewis Sunday, April 18, Alumni Foundation 205 9:00 - Coffee 9:30 - 11:45: Rules James Myers, Diana Archangeli, Charles Kisseberth -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-250.