________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-901. Sun 31 Oct 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 162 Subject: 4.901 Infix Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 09:52:58 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes 2) Date: Fri, 29 Oct 93 12:56:57 EST From: andaling@durras.anu.edu.au (Avery Andrews) Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes 3) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 08:00:53 -0500 (CDT) From: Jeff Bishop Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes 4) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 93 09:49:03 EST From: mark Subject: Infixes -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 09:52:58 From: koontz@alpha.bldr.nist.gov (John E. Koontz) Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes Larry Horn states: > On infixation and "infixation": it is emphatically NOT the case that an > affix automatically becomes an infix 'once it [finds] itself between the > stem and a new affix'. I certainly agree with this on principle, but with the emphasis on `automatically'. For example, there are a great many stems in a typical Mississippi Valley Siouan language that have the form X__Y, where __ marks the location in which the pronouns are inserted (all of them - I'm not talking about the variable pattern that occurs with locative prefixes). This is certainly not infixation per se, for two reasons: first, that the pronominals occur initially (or variably) in even more stems than they occur medially; and, second, that X in many cases is transparently an incorporated noun, or a productive instrumental prefix of the `outer instrumental' type, etc. And, in some cases Y is pretty clear even if X isn't. There are, however, some stems in which the nature of X and Y is unknown, or only known by means of historical/comparative analysis, so that XY is effectively a single stem with the oddity that it pronominalized after the X__Y pattern. I'm still reluctant to call the pronouns infixed - I'd rather call X a preverb - but this is plainly getting to be a matter of taste. I believe that the matter goes even further in Caddoan languages, where there are many stems with a discontinuous X__Y form (not sure what goes in the middle) in which X and Y are not morphemes on any semantic basis, but only due to this separability. Furthermore, I gather that the exact boundary between X and Y can vary between languages, where there are cognates. I hope any Caddoanists listening will feel free to correct this, if I have got it wrong. In addition, david joseph kathman" says: > Also, I would say "unbe-fucking-lievable" rather than > "un-fucking-believable"; my intuition is that the infix must come > immediately before the stressed syllable. This is consistent with > "fan-fucking-tastic" and the other examples given, but not with > "un-fucking-believable". Unfortunately, it is definitely un-fucking-believable as far as my judgement runs (and I recall hearing this form, too, but never *unbe-fucking- lievable). Of course, un is stressed, as in McCawley heavy-light insertion context, so maybe we have to assume underlying u'nbelievable, rather than unbelie'vable, but I suspect that the real problem is that un has a rather strong (separating transparent constituents) boundary after it. John Koontz -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 29 Oct 93 12:56:57 EST From: andaling@durras.anu.edu.au (Avery Andrews) Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes >[various inventions].. >seem to lead to the notion of infixation as an active creative >process on both sides of the Atlantic. (Peter Salus, Linguist 4.887) And of the Pacific, as in kanga-bloody-roo. Avery.Andrews@anu.edu.au -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 08:00:53 -0500 (CDT) From: Jeff Bishop Subject: Re: 4.887 Infixes My idolect would allow "un-fucking-believable" or "a whole nother" but never "fan-fucking-tastic" any of the other constructions where the infixes split morphemes. Further, I am convinced that the first two examples occur in "genuine" speech, while the expressions with split morphemes appear to by stylistic in nature. Further, I find it "unbefuckinglievable" that anyone actually says that. Jeff Bishop jbishop@nwu.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 93 09:49:03 EST From: mark Subject: Infixes I am very impressed -- should I say "im-fuckin-pressed"? -- by David Stampe's analysis of infixation, phrases, and stress in vol 4.888. But George Gale's reference to "Jesus H. Christ" in vol 4.887 is beside the point, at least as far as concerns its origin. "Jesus" is a transcription in Latin of the name "Yeshua" [or something like that; my Hebrew isn't strong and my Aramaic is nonexistent], maybe carried via Greek. In Greek it's spelled iota eta sigma omicron upsilon sigma which in capitals, using the common curved sigma variant, looks like IHCOYC -- the "Y" is approximate, the rest is accurate. This, or the first three letters, is commonly seen in medieval and Renaissance religious art. There is also a tradition of "I.H.S." interpreted as "Jesus hominum salvator" 'Jesus, savior of people' and in other expansions as well -- remember that "J" as a distinct letter from "I" is only a few centuries old. This "IHC" is the likeliest origin of the H. in "Jesus H. Christ". What is relevant in Gale's observation is the survival of the expression long after the times when most speakers were familiar with this trigraph (or is it still current?). The rhythm and the apparent insertion into a familiar name certainly fit the general pattern that Stampe points out. Mark A. Mandel Dragon Systems, Inc. : speech recognition : +1 617 965-5200 320 Nevada St. : Newton, Mass. 02160, USA : mark@dragonsys.com P.S. This document was dictated with DragonDictate v2.0. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-901. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-902. Sun 31 Oct 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 64 Subject: 4.902 Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1993 09:48:30 -0500 (CDT) From: Joseph P Stemberger-1 Subject: experimental methods -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 25 Oct 1993 09:48:30 -0500 (CDT) From: Joseph P Stemberger-1 Subject: experimental methods Mike Hammond asks whether there is a growing acceptance of psycholinguistic methods among orthodox phonologists and syntacticians. As a non-orthodox phonologist, working with psycholinguistic methods more often than not, I'd say that the answer to that question is "yes". I've noticed a change in referee's comments on my papers in the review process over the years. In the early to mid 1980's, I would sometimes have papers rejected because they used psycholinguistic methodology, or be asked to add a section justifying the relevance of the data. Nowadays, neither of these two things happens. There's a change in papers at conferences. Papers on acquisition or psycholinguistics or neurolinguistics can sometimes account for 20% of the papers at the conferences. (Up from a very low percentage 20 years ago.) There are more and more jobs that ask for an intersection of phonology or syntax with psycholinguistics/language_acquisition/cognitive_science. I'm not sure what is behind the change, but I suspect that it is cognitive science. As cognitive science grows larger, people in different disciplines are interacting more often (and often more positively than before), and that is leading to greater tolerance. It may also have something to do with Chomsky's emphasis on the importance of acquisition as a core problem that must be accounted for. It's a small step from acquisition methodology with children to experimental methodology with either children or adults. I still do see a reluctance to accept stuff based on psycholinguistic methodologies, though. Basically, people willingly embrace results that seem to give the same answers that they want to believe in. But when the results seem to discomfirm linguistic theory, people are more reluctant to accept them. Often, we have this odd situation where congruent results get prominent mention in a theoretical paper, but noncongruent results don't get mentioned at all. But I do think that things have been changing. And as a psycholinguist, I regard it as a very nice (and very healthy) change. ---joe stemberger -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-902. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-903. Tue 02 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 121 Subject: 4.903 Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 93 21:04:50 EST From: marantz@MIT.EDU (Alec Marantz) Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics: Graduate Linguistics at MIT 2) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 08:36:46 IST From: wendy sandler Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 06:14 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 93 21:04:50 EST From: marantz@MIT.EDU (Alec Marantz) Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics: Graduate Linguistics at MIT On the topic of experimental methods in linguistics, I thought I might remind the readers of some changes over the last few years in the PhD program in Linguistics at MIT. A course in language acquisition is now required of every student in the program. A quarter to a third of our students are enrolled in a five-year joint program with the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences. Students in this program do a year's worth of course work in experimental cognitive science and are required to be involved in serious experimental research projects. These students, and others not formally enrolled in the special program, integrate their experimental and "theoretical" research in papers for standard linguistics courses. In addition, papers reporting results from experiments are included among the readings for introductory syntax courses. -Alec Marantz -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 08:36:46 IST From: wendy sandler Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics To follow up on Joseph Stemberger's reply to Mike Hammond, I think there is another reason for the increasing interaction between psycholinguistics and linguistics. After the long haitus following the downfall of the Derivational Theory of Complexity, researchers with a psychological bent have again begun exploring their questions within current theoretical linguistic frameworks. This has the triple advantage of ensuring rigor in the initial hypotheses, of posing them in a language understandable to linguists, and of testing phenomena accounted for by system-internal evidence with so-called external evidence. This is different from the generally prevailing situation: a lot of psycholinguistic work tests hypotheses about language performance ("processing"), rather than using performance to test proposals about fundamental linguistic structure (competence). As a graduate student, I used to have this unsettling feeling that I was a cog-psychologist when reading linguistics, but that I was definitely a linguist when reading psycholinguistics. This situation is changing, for- tunately -- primarily in cases where psycholinguistic research questions and /or methodology address purely linguistic theoretical proposals. The work of Joseph Stemberger and others in acquisition of phonology exemplifies this trend, and so does the work of a number of sign language phonologists and syntacticians in recent years. Wendy Sandler -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 06:14 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: Re: 4.902 Psycholinguistics It seems to me that an even more important change is the acceptance of linguistic approaches in neurolinguistics. The most recent issue of Brain and Language is a special issue on Agrammatism and Linguistic Theory, edited by Yosef Grodzinsky. At the TENNET (Theoretical and Experimental Neuropsychology/Neuropsychologie Experimentale et Theoretique) meeting in Montreal (May 29-31) there will be one whole day devoted to Linguistic Explanations of agrammatism. And despite the period of dissillusion with linguistic theory in psycholinguistics, linguistics is certainly thriving as an approach to understanding not only language acquisition but language processing. I don't think there is a problem re accepting experimental (or other real-time production/perception data such as speech errors) when such supports particular linguistics hypotheses and ignoring them when they don't if one accepts the separation between representation (competence) and processing (performance). For example, many years ago , examples of single feature errors were reported (by me) such as 'Cedars of Lebanon' becoming 'Cedars of Lemadon' which can not be explained or accounted for unless one has a theory of phonological features. Even if we did not find such features arising in speech errors one cannot conclude that they don't exist in phonological representations in the grammar. There is other evidence from linguistic analysis and historical change that they do. It may just be the case that in mapping from the representation to the production mechanisms we do not utilize features. The relationship between the grammar and processing is a complex one. One can make a similar case re morphological processes, syntactic structures etc. This does not mean that psycholinguistic or neurolinguistic (aphasic) evidence should not be used or is not important. It just means that evidence is evidence -- linguistic data is as good (or bad) as any other kind of data in testing of linguistic hypotheses. Vicki Fromkin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-903. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-904. Tue 02 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 144 Subject: 4.904 Qs: Genitive, "simple", van den Berg paper, Romance color theory Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 30 Oct 93 13:37:09 PDT From: Picus Sizhi Ding Subject: Q: Genitive marker 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 09:20:54 -0600 (CST) From: Joseph P Stemberger-1 Subject: query: "simple" 3) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 15:15:20 -0700 (MST) From: mark wade Subject: van den Berg paper? 4) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 20:43:09 EST From: Adriane Moser Subject: Romance Color Theory -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 30 Oct 93 13:37:09 PDT From: Picus Sizhi Ding Subject: Q: Genitive marker I am looking at the use of genitive marker beyond marking possession esp. in non-Sino-Tibetan languages, like the example below: (1) a year's study a three days' journey ... (more outside the time domain, English speakers?) This kind of modifying function is widely used in Chinese languages, Tibetan, and perhaps many other languages of this family or of the neighboring areas (e.g. Miao-Yao). Take Mandarin for example: (2) wo I ni you wo de my ni de your (3)a yi nian de xuexi one year study "a year's study" b wo xie de xin bu-jian le. I write letter Neg-see ASP "I lost the letter that I wrote." Can anybody point me to languages that use genitive marker in a way similar to those in (1) and/or (3)? It will be very helpful if references are provided along. (I can dig up more examples from the given source.) Please send your response directly to me. I'll of course be happy to post a summary to the net if there's sufficient interest. Also, you're welcome to send me notes in hex format, esp. when examples contain special letters. Thanks in advance. -- Picus Ding Estu songhanto, sed faranto ankau. Department of Linguistics Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B.C., Canada V5A 1S6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 09:20:54 -0600 (CST) From: Joseph P Stemberger-1 Subject: query: "simple" One often comes across statements in linguistics papers & talks to the effect that linguistic theory (or some part thereof, such as GB syntax, or non-linear phonology) is "simple". Unfortunately, the term isn't actually defined in any of the places that I've seen it used. I wouldn't ever characterize any linguistic theory as "simple"; they're ALL very complex --- as you'd expect, given how complex language is. A question for anyone out there who has ever said something along these lines. What exactly does "simple" mean in this context? Some possibilities are: a) truly simple, in an absolute sense b) as simple as possible (but still pretty complicated) c) simpler than you might have thought possible (but still complicated) A second question. When we say things like this in the hearing of nonlinguists who may misinterpret it (and I've heard it repeated by many psychologists), are we being misleading? ---joe stemberger -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 15:15:20 -0700 (MST) From: mark wade Subject: van den Berg paper? Could anyone direct me to the following source: Rene van den Berg (1988) Muna dialects and the Munic languages: towards a reconstruction. Paper presented to the Fifth Conference on Austronesian Linguistics, Auckland. It is referenced as [ to appear Te Reo ] in the author's 1989 "A grammar of the Muna language," but I am unable to locate the paper in this journal. Alternatively, does anyone have an e-mail address for the author? Thanx in advance, Mark Wade Linguistics Program University of Utah -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 93 20:43:09 EST From: Adriane Moser Subject: Romance Color Theory Can anyone recommend sources of information on color theory in the Romance lang uages? Also, can someone explain the correct way of citing e-mail or listerv messages? (a la LSA format?) TIA, Adriane Moser ........................................................................ Adriane Moser amoser@ccvm.sunysb.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-904. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-905. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 180 Subject: 4.905 Jobs: English, Linguistic Anthropology, Phonology Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Oct 1993 16:23:30 -0500 From: "SL-Library" Subject: Temp. position, Spring 1994 2) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 1993 11:28:04 -0700 (MST) From: RTT@NAUVAX.bitnet Subject: position for linguistic anthropologist 3) Date: Wed, 04 Aug 93 08:32:57 EDT From: Linguistic Programs at Brown University Subject: POSITION IN PHONOLOGICAL THEORY AT BROWN UNIVERSITY -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 29 Oct 1993 16:23:30 -0500 From: "SL-Library" Subject: Temp. position, Spring 1994 The Program in Linguistics, Department of Slavic & Eastern Languages, Boston College, is seeking a temporary replacement or replacements for three courses scheduled for Spring 1994 (Jan-May): --SL119/EN119 The Craft of Writing (for Foreign Students). Techniques for writing effective and correct English prose using an awareness of English grammatical structures along with the concepts of English rhetoric. The development of English vocabulary, paraphrase, and imitative expression through the reading of short expository and literary prose. The opening of creative expression in writing through the reading of modern poetry and through engagement with process-writing exercises. The writing of examination essays and of papers through practical exercises. [The particular section being replaced concentrates on developing the writing skills and classroom presence of graduate students.] --SL356 Classics in Linguistics. Supervised readings, reports, and discussions on formative and important works in the development of linguistic thought from the ancient world up through modern linguistic controversies. Readings are chosen with partial consideration of students' research interests and [--adjustable--] include key works of Whitney, Baudouin de Courtenay, de Saussure, Bloomfield, Sapir, Meillet, Hockett, Hjelmslev, Benveniste, Jakobson, and Chomsky. --SL360/EN660 The Teaching of English as a Foreign Language. An overview of the field of foreign-language learning and teaching from a linguistic perspective with an emphasis on the problems connected with the teaching of English to non-native speakers. An examination of the relationship between views on the nature of language and different approaches to language teaching. Supervised experience in the teaching of English. Courses have small enrollments (SL119 appx 16, SL356 appx 6, SL360 appx 20), students in 356 and 360 (mixed undergraduate/graduate) must have met certain prerequisites, those in 119 come through a placement test. All three courses are scheduled for Tuesdays/Thursdays. Courses would be staffed either as a package (preferred, better stipend) or as piecework. Appointment status, depending on degree and number of courses, as Lecturer, Visiting Instructor, or Visiting Assistant Professor. For further details or referrals contact either Prof M.J. Connolly, Chairman, (Connolly/SL@hermes.bc.edu) or Prof Margaret Thomas (Thomas/SL@hermes.bc.edu) Mail: Slavic & Eastern Languages Boston College / Carney 235 Chestnut Hill MA 02167-3806 U.S.A. telephone +1 617/552.3911 Boston College is an Affirmative Action/Equal Oppoprtunity Employer. This appointment, since it is only a one-semester replacement, is viewed as a part-time position and is not being posted extensively. The Department also is recruiting for a full-time junior tenure-track position for a Slavic Linguist/Philologist. Details on this will be posted shortly. submitted to The Linguist List by M.J. Connolly, Chairman Slavic & Eastern Languages, Boston College -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 1993 11:28:04 -0700 (MST) From: RTT@NAUVAX.bitnet Subject: position for linguistic anthropologist >Northern Arizona University >Department of Anthropology > >Position Open for >Linguistic Anthropologist >Assistant Professor, Tenure Track > >Qualifications: A Ph.D. in Linguistic Anthropology is required. A preference will be shown to candidates who have strong teaching records, and an active research agenda. The successful candidate will be expected to create innovative educational opportunities for undergraduate and graduate level anthropology students, will need to establish a scholarly research program compatible with departmental goals and directions, and to contribute to the applied focus within the department. Given equal qualifications in other areas, preference will be given to candidates with experience in applied linguistics and work with Native American languages, especially in the Southwest. > >Current Courses: The average course load for faculty in the department is 3 courses per semester. The primary anthropological linguistic courses currently in our curriculum include Survey of Linguistics (I and II), Languages of the World, and Applied Linguistics. The successful candidate will have the opportunity to expand on this basic course list at both the undergraduate and the graduate level. > >Application Procedure: Submit letter of intent/interest, CV, and names of at least three (3) references to R. T. Trotter, II, Chair, Department of Anthropology, Campus Box 15200, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011. > >Application Deadline: The search will remain open until the position is filled. The screening committee may begin reviewing applications Dec. 1, 1993. > >Salary: Competitive > >Northern Arizona University is a committed Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Institution. Minorities, Women, Handicapped and Veterans are encouraged to apply. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 04 Aug 93 08:32:57 EDT From: Linguistic Programs at Brown University Subject: POSITION IN PHONOLOGICAL THEORY AT BROWN UNIVERSITY ************************************************************************ POSITION IN PHONOLOGICAL THEORY (2nd Announcement) ************************************************************************ The Brown University Department of Cognitive & Linguistic Sciences invites applications for a tenure-track, Assistant Professor position in Phonological Theory. Applicants should have obtained the Ph.D. by September 1994, and have a strong research program in some aspect of current phonological theory, with teaching ability at both the undergraduate and graduate levels. Preference will be given to candidates with related interests in areas such as acquisition, computation, historical linguistics, morphology, phonetics, psycholinguistics, or syntax. Brown is an Equal Opportunity/Affirmative Action Employer: Women and minorities are especially encouraged to apply. Send vitae, three letters of recommendation, recent publications, and a cover letter expressing research interests and qualifications to: Dr. Katherine Demuth, Chair Phonology Search Committee Department of Cognitive & Linguistic Sciences Brown University Box 1978 Providence, RI 02912 DEADLINE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS IS DECEMBER 1, 1993. ************************************************************************* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-905. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-906. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 114 Subject: 4.906 Jobs: Czech, Theoretical, Psycholinguistics/Computational Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 12:37:56 EST From: thorpe@hmco.com (Alana Thorpe) Subject: Job: Czech editorial positions 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 15:57:11 PST From: Linguist%ling%SSA@phobia.ss.uci.edu Subject: Job posting 3) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 15:00:53 EST From: zenon@ruccs.rutgers.edu (Zenon Pylyshyn) Subject: Psycholinguist/Computational Linguist Position Opening -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 12:37:56 EST From: thorpe@hmco.com (Alana Thorpe) Subject: Job: Czech editorial positions The Software Division of Houghton Mifflin Company is seeking freelance linguists, local to the Boston area, for in-house temporary work to begin in November 1993. We are searching for highly competent linguists with strong editorial skills to participate in the development of electronic proofreading tools. The ideal candidates must be native speakers of Czech and also have fluency in English. Candidates should also have familiarity with an IBM PC or compatible, a high level of accuracy, an eye for detail, and must have a thorough knowledge of the current core and business vocabulary of the Czech language. Recent experience using Czech in a business capacity or other experience working extensively with written Czech is desirable. Interested candidates should send their resumes to: Houghton Mifflin Company Software Division 222 Berkeley Street Boston, MA 02116-3764 Attn: Alana I. Thorpe Or, contact Alana by email (thorpe@hmco.com) or fax (617/351-1115). Houghton Mifflin Company is an Equal Opportunity Employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 15:57:11 PST From: Linguist%ling%SSA@phobia.ss.uci.edu Subject: Job posting POSITION IN THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS The Department of Linguistics at the University of California, Irvine has a tenure-track position open at the Assistant Professor level, beginning with the 1994-95 academic year. This position is for a theoretical linguist with a specialization in syntax and/or semantics. Linguists with research interests in both areas are particularly encouraged to apply. Candidates should submit a letter of application, curriculum vitae, representative publications, and the names and addresses for at least three references to: Linguistics Search Committee Department of Linguistics School of Social Sciences University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92717 The deadline for receipt of application materials is January 10, 1994. The University of California is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer committed to excellence through diversity. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 15:00:53 EST From: zenon@ruccs.rutgers.edu (Zenon Pylyshyn) Subject: Psycholinguist/Computational Linguist Position Opening Candidates are sought at all levels for a joint tenure-track appointment between the Rutgers Center for Cognitive Science and one of the participating academic departments (Psych., Linguisitcs, CS). Preference will be given to those who specialize in experimental psycholinguistics and/or computational models of sentence processing and who have demonstrated an ability to work across disciplinary boundaries. Assignment of teaching responsibilities will take into account the candidate's activities in the Center. Send letter of application, curriculum vitae and names of three referencee whom you should ask to provide letters directly to Chair, Cognitive Science Search Committee, RuCCS, P.O. Box 1179, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855-1179. Email inquiries should be directed to: admin@ruccs.rutgers.edu. Rutgers University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-906. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-907. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 167 Subject: 4.907 Infixes Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 93 09:51:37 EST From: Geoffrey Russom Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 11:57:19 +1000 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz (Laurie Bauer) Subject: Infixes 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 11:05:26 -0400 (EDT) From: V187EF4Y@ubvmsb.cc.buffalo.edu Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes 4) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 15:05:41 CST From: "david joseph kathman" Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes 5) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 15:23 -0500 (EST) From: mike.maxwell@SIL.ORG Subject: Infixation -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 31 Oct 93 09:51:37 EST From: Geoffrey Russom Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes The form un-effing-believable might simply reflect assignment of word status to "un" in a particular dialect. It would be analogous to "too effing right" and oust the form with pre-stress expletive infixation (unbe-effing- lieveable), which occurs freely in simplexes OR at constituent boundaries but doesn't like to appear within a subconstituent of a composite form with a strong internal boundary elsewhere. It's sort of like poetic enjambment: you can end the line at any sort of syntactic boundary when there's no STRONGER syntactic break in the next line down, but you don't end the line say between an adjective and an associated noun that ends a sentence within the following line -- not if you're Mr. Pope, anyway. I wonder whether anyone has observed a feature of expletive infixation as it appears in my dialect: the quite perceptible tensing of a normally unstressed vowel immediately preceding the infixed item. Thus I get "absolutely" as [aebs@lutli], where @ = schwa, but [aebso-EffING-lutli], with tense [o]. This may have something to do with the fact that I don't reduce word-final underlying /o/ in my dialect. Sorry if this has been mentioned -- I've missed some postings on the infix thread. -- Rick Russom -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 1993 11:57:19 +1000 From: Laurie.Bauer@vuw.ac.nz (Laurie Bauer) Subject: Infixes I have textual examples of both unbe-fucking-lievable and un-fucking-believable, and I also have IN-fucking-communicado (caps in original) and Macmillan (see below) lists in-goddamn-consistent. If only unbelievable were at stake, we could make the presumption that the schwa in the first syllable had been elided. That explanation doesn't work in the other examples. So we appear to have at least two strategies for the infixation. There is other evidence of more than one dialect of this infixation. If infixation is an appropriate term, of course. Affixes are not typically word-forms, and I would agree with Macmillan that the parallels between infixation and interposing in damn bloody rude and half past fucking four are very close. I append a brief bibliography of works which have not (yet) been referred to. Macmillan's article is a must for anyone interested in this area. Brief bibliography on expletive infixation in English. Aronoff, Mark. 1976. Word Formation in Generative Grammar. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press. Pp. 69-70. Bauer, Laurie 1983. English Word-formation. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Pp. 89-91. Bauer, Laurie 1988. Introducing Linguistic Morphology. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. P. 127. Bauer, Laurie 1993. Un-bloody-likely words. In L. Bauer & C. Franzen (eds), Of Pavlova, Poetry and Paradigms. Essays in Honour of Harry Orsman. Wellington: Victoria University Press. Bopp, Tina 1971. On fucking (well). A study of some quasi-performative expressions. In A.M. Zwicky et al (eds), Studies Out of Left Field: defamatory essays presented to James D. McCawley. Edmonton: Linguistic Research. Macmillan, James B. 1980. Infixing and interposing in English, American Speech 55, 163-83. Siegel, Dorothy 1979. Topics in English Morphology. New York and London: Garland. Pp. 179-81. Laurie.BAUER@vuw.ac.nz Department of Linguistics, Victoria University, PO Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand Ph: +64 4 472 1000 x 8800 Fax: +64 4 471 2070 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 11:05:26 -0400 (EDT) From: V187EF4Y@ubvmsb.cc.buffalo.edu Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes On the subject of where in a word an infix such as "fuckin" or "bloody" should go, I've been silently speaking the words. I've realized that (at least for me) the initial sylable is lengthened, i.e.- un:believable, fan:tastic, etc. The infix goes into this 'space' in the pronunciation. The other issue seems to be natural breaks in the words, i.e.- un+believable, kanga+roo, etc. -Pat Crowe, SUNY at Buffalo -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 1 Nov 93 15:05:41 CST From: "david joseph kathman" Subject: Re: 4.901 Infixes Just for the record: two of the three people I asked today immediately said they prefer "unbe-fucking-lievable" over "un-fucking-believable", so it is said. All of us (myself included) agree that "un-fucking-believable" is also possible, but we would be more likely to say "unbe-fucking-lievable". Might I suggest that there are two different rules here, one saying the infix goes before the stress and the other saying that it goes after the first syllable? These will give the same results in many cases (e.g fan-fucking-tastic), but will diverge in this instance. Also, I wonder if there is any geographical or age distribution to this split. Dave Kathman djk1@midway.uchicago.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 15:23 -0500 (EST) From: mike.maxwell@SIL.ORG Subject: Infixation John Koontz writes: >I believe that the matter goes even further in Caddoan languages, where >there are many stems with a discontinuous X__Y form (not sure what goes in >the middle) in which X and Y are not morphemes on any semantic basis, but >only due to this separability. There are words in English which have similar properties--in this case, they are not separable by other affixes, but the Y morpheme (which you might want to call the stem) shows the same irregular allomorphs across words. The prefixes are also common across the set of words, and finally they all share a common stress pattern. I refer to words like permit, commit, remit (which all have nominals in -mission); perceive, conceive, receive, deceive (which all have nominals in -ception); refer, prefer, defer, confer (which all have nominals in -ference); etc. The nominals aren't always transparantly related semantically to the verbs, but they are presumably related. This was noted in SPE (and undoubtedly long before that). Aronoff talked about the fact that morphemes don't always have a constant meaning, making explicit reference to these words, if I recall correctly. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-907. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-908. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 144 Subject: 4.908 Online Resources Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 30 Oct 93 13:44:18 EDT From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Resources available on linguistics.archive.umich.edu 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 10:54:53 +0100 From: Subject: List of NLP software available -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 30 Oct 93 13:44:18 EDT From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Resources available on linguistics.archive.umich.edu Dear Colleagues, This is to announce that two on-line resources just announced in LINGUIST Vol-4-894: wlist.zip, the lexical analysis tool -- Jari Perkiomaki (jpe@uwasa.fi) in Vol-4-894:1, and bibliography.tar.Z, the CLSI bibliography in tib format -- Jane Edwards (edwards@cogsci.berkeley.edu) in Vol-4-894:2. are now also available for anonymous ftp on the UMich Linguistics Archive (linguistics.archive.umich.edu). How to get there: ftp linguistics.archive.umich.edu [sign on as "anonymous", sans quotes] [give your email address as your password] Respectively, their locations are: "/linguistics/software/dos/wlist.zip". Commands to get it: cd linguistics/software/dos ls -ls binary get wlist.zip "/linguistics/handouts/biblio/bibliography.tar.Z". Commands to get it: cd linguistics/handouts/biblio ls -ls binary get bibliography.tar.Z "quit" is the command to leave ftp. Caveant... (1) ftp is a computer program and recognizes only its official commands. Synonyms are meaningless to it, and cajolery or abuse will produce little lasting satisfaction. (2) ftp assumes that you know what you're doing on your home computer, and does not check to see if you have enough file space available to store the file you're GETting, nor that the file name is a legal one on your home system. If it isn't (for instance, if it's too long or doesn't match the well-formedness constraints of your operating system), you can ask for the file to be renamed in transit simply by including the name you'd prefer as a second accusative in the GET command, thus: get bibliography.tar.Z CLSI.Z (3) ftp is *only* available on the Internet. If you don't think you're on the Internet, check with your system gurus; they may have switched over and neglected to tell you. (4) ftp exists in many versions and local dialects. Some are more capable than others. Problems with ftp should be taken up with your *local* system support people, not with me. (5) archive.umich.edu is the largest public domain archive in the world, and it can get clogged sometimes. Avoid attempting to use it during working hours (8-5 EST), and note that it is echoed in a number of other sites, some more convenient for users outside N. America. Anyone wishing to place any software or other significant resource on the UM archive may PUT it in the /linguistics/uploads directory, and then send me e-mail about it. Cheers, John Lawler Linguistics Program University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Archivist UM Linguistics Online Archive -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 10:54:53 +0100 From: Subject: List of NLP software available Hello linguists, we produced a list of about 250 NLP programs. The list contains addresses and technical information. The list is written in German (sorry!) and some information is only useful for our internal use. But if you are interested you can get the list via ftp. Hostname: ftphost.uni-koblenz.de [141.26.4.8] Directory: outgoing Files: software_list.ps.Z (compressed PostScript) If you have problems to access the list please contact me. It would be nice to send me a short email if you have got the list. Martin Schulze Institut fuer Computerlinguistik Universitaet Koblenz-Landau, Abteilung Koblenz Rheinau 1 / 56075 Koblenz / Germany E-Mail: schulze@informatik.uni-koblenz.de -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-908. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-909. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 140 Subject: 4.909 Ample Negatives Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 09:42:46 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Ample Negatives -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 09:42:46 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Ample Negatives That'll teach you Well, I've let the 'that'll teach him' debate pass without any comment from me so far; despite nagging feelings of familiarity, I didn't think I had anything much to contribute. Then I performed a significant act of research: I reread a paper I wrote 20 years ago. Boy, what's the use of publishing if you forget what you've published? In "Ample Negatives" (CLS 10, 1974:372) I mentioned that construction, which was peripheral to several other issues I treated there that have also been touched on in the recent discussion. Among other matters were the following observations: a) The negative that is intuited in (1): (1) That'll teach you to trust him. as being equivalent to (2): (2) That'll teach you not to trust him. does NOT trigger polarity items: (3)a *That'll teach you to tell him anything. b That'll teach you not to tell him anything. even with an NPI like 'any' that's so easy to trigger it can appear even with very weak presupposed negatives like 'surprised': (4) I'm surprised you told him anything. but of course it's OK with the overt negative in (3)b. b) In addition, this construction, like 'could give a damn' and 'could care less' (ibid:358), requires a modal. (5), without a modal: (5) That taught me to trust him. is not ambiguous in the same way as (1); I read it as literal only, with no negative force. I called these constructions "idiomatic" there, which is surely true, though hardly explanatory. Larry Horn 's recent posting (4:898.1) suggested "conventionalized irony", which seems a much better explanation to me. For one thing, it might be taken to imply (depending on how one analyzes "irony") that NPI's ought not to be triggered, though I don't think the modal facts fall out. In any event, I wish I'd thought of that in 1974. So don't I However... three times in his recent posting (4:898.1), Larry Horn refers to an English construction which he cites as 'so don't I' as being "pleonastic", and as another example of "conventionalized irony". Now, I'm not sure *exactly* which construction Larry has in mind; his reference is intended as a second example of something he claims he's *not* talking about in the posting, and he gives no example sentences. But Larry is very careful about what he says and how he says it, and I don't think he would cite something merely as 'so don't I' in this context unless he thought that English-speaking linguists would recognize it unambiguously from that description. I am one such, and the only construction *I* can recognize that has this shape is a rather strange and dialectically restricted syntactic phenomenon that I also discussed in my CLS 10 paper "Ample Negatives" (1974:358-9). Examples follow (numbering as in original paper): (10) %Bill can touch the ceiling, and so can't I. [ == (11), != (12)] (11) Bill can touch the ceiling, and so can I. (12) Bill can touch the ceiling, and I can't. As indicated by the bracketed C idiom, (10) is equivalent to (11), but NOT to (12). That is, the negative in the 'so' tag in (10) is totally spurious, and represents NO logical negation at all. This construction is known to me only from my home town, DeKalb, IL [ca 100 km W of Chicago] (though I've heard reports of it in other regional dialects, including New England and Hawaiian English variants), where it exists alongside the more normal (11). As might be expected from its semantic weirdness, it is much remarked-on locally, and considered vaguely substandard. However, I think it is stretching terminology a bit to call it "pleonastic". Surely it is redundant in the sense that it adds nothing substantive to the semantics; but we normally don't use the concept of redundancy (or pleonasm) to cover cases where morphemes that *ought* to add semantic information fail to do so. Something more is going on. In addition, you may take it from the native horse's mouth that there's absolutely nothing "ironic" in any sense about this construction as it is used in DeKalb County. It is simply a variant construction whose occurrence is conditioned (as far as I can determine without extensive survey) by sociolinguistic factors. A couple more facts about this construction and then I'll quit: it is restricted to 'so' tags, typically displays Subject-Verb inversion, and is ungrammatical if an overt negative is present in the first clause. Examples (ibid:359): / is going \ / isn't \ (13) %Bill | will go | to school, / but \ so | won't | Harry. | has gone | \ and / | hasn't | \ goes / \ doesn't / / neither can I \ (14) He can't touch the ceiling, and | *neither can't I |. | I can't either | \ *so can't I / (15) *Bill is going to school, and Harry isn't, too. -John Lawler Program in Linguistics University of Michigan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-909. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-910. Wed 03 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 66 Subject: 4.910 Sum: Negation Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 01:49:38 -0500 (EST) From: Ronald Fein Subject: negation -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 01:49:38 -0500 (EST) From: Ronald Fein Subject: negation Hi, many moons ago I posted a query on negation, and I was swamped with responses, not to mention other work. Unfortunately I have not had the time to trace down all of these references; some are no more than a name. Also, I lost one or two. But this is the alphabetized, incomplete collection: Acquaviva 1993. _The LF of Negation_, dissertation, University College (Dublin, Ireland) Aoun and Lee, recent LI monograph. Baltin. Branigan 1992. (MIT dissertation) Cowper. Ernst 1992 (in Linguistic Review). Green, Georgia: 1985, 'The Description of Inversions in Generalized Phrase Structure Grammar', Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society. Higginbotham 1988. (in Linguistics and Philosophy) Harris 1958. Horn 1972. (dissertation) Horn 1989: _A Natural History of Negation_, Chicago. Huang. Jackendoff 1972: _Semantics in Generative Grammar_. Jespersen 1933. Klima 1964. Laka 1990. May. McCawley 1988?. _The syntactic phenomena of English_, UC Press. Neale 1988. (in Linguistics and Philosophy) (reply to Higginbotham 1988) Ouhalla 1990. Ouhalla 1991. Pollock 1989. Radford 1988. Sweetser, _From Etymology to Pragmatics_ Zwicky and Pullum 1983. (in Language) Sorry for the incomplete citation style and the lateness. Hope people find this useful! Ron Fein | Cabot House Box 216, Harvard University fein2@husc.harvard.edu | Cambridge, MA 02138-1560 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-910. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-911. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 191 Subject: 4.911 Jobs: Syntax-Phonology, French-German, Assistant Prof. Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 1993 18:47:24 +0100 (MET) From: Marcel den Dikken Subject: FOR THE LISTSERV 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 13:01:10 EST From: ianh@logos-usa.com ( Ian Hersey) Subject: Job opening at Logos 3) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 1993 15:44:18 EST From: soemarmo@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Subject: Job Listing -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 1993 18:47:24 +0100 (MET) From: Marcel den Dikken Subject: FOR THE LISTSERV JOB ANNOUNCEMENT The Holland Institute of Generative Linguistics (HIL) is an inter-universitary research institute, comprising generative linguists from Leiden University, the University of Amsterdam, and the Free University (Amsterdam). The research is concentrated round two specialisations: syntax/semantics and phonology/morphology. HIL provides a course-program, leading up to a doctoral degree. HIL is part of the National Graduate School in Linguistics (LOT). Starting January 1 1994, there is a vacancy for a: POST-DOC (F/M) (part-time, 30 hours p/week) Field of research Generative syntax of the Germanic and/or Romance languages. He or she will: - Conceive and carry out a research project in the above-mentioned theoretical field. - Give generative syntax courses for M.A. and Ph.D. students. - Participate actively in other activities of HIL and LOT. The research-course ratio is 70%'30%. Requirements: - a dissertation (as well as other publications) in the field of generative syntax; - some teaching experience; - some organisatory experience; Salary, depending on age and experience, max. Dfl. 7832 per month, depending on age and experience. The post-doc will be appointed at the University of Amsterdam. The appointment will be temporary, without perspective on a tenure appointment, for a period of maximally 30 months. Further information can be obtained from: prof. dr. J.G. Kooij (director HIL), jgkooij@rullet.leidenuniv.nl, or dr. H. den Besten, denbesten@alf.let.uva.nl Secretariat of HIL: P.O. Box 9515, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands Applications, accompanied by a CV and the vacancy-number (19006/V) must be sent before November 15, to the director of the personal department of the Faculty of Letters, Spuistraat 210, 1012 VT Amsterdam The Netherlands. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 93 13:01:10 EST From: ianh@logos-usa.com ( Ian Hersey) Subject: Job opening at Logos LOGOS CORPORATION, the world leader in automated translation software, is seeking candidates for the following position: GERMAN-FRENCH LINGUIST SUMMARY: The linguist will be responsible for the continuing development of Logos' German- French language pair. He/she will work together with linguists who are enhancing the German- English and German-Italian systems to migrate those enhancements to the German-French system. He/she will also contribute to the design and implementation of new strategies for German source analysis and of enhancements to the Logos system in general. In addition, he/she will oversee the work of consulting linguists, lexicographers, and translators. QUALIFICATIONS: The successful applicant will be a native speaker of French and will have an excellent command of German. An academic background in linguistics (computational, theoretical, Germanic, Romance) is preferred, but candidates with backgrounds in related fields (e.g. translation) will also be considered. Experience with large-scale machine translation systems (either commercial or academic) is a plus. The position is available at the Logos Technology Center, located in Mt. Arlington, New Jersey, beginning immediately. Applicants with U.S. citizenship or Permanent Resident status are preferred; however, the company will make arrangements for qualified applicants who do not meet these criteria. LOGOS offers a competitive salary, moving expenses, comprehensive medical and dental plans, and a 401(K) plan. Interested applicants should send a resume to: Ian Hersey Director of Linguistic Development Logos Corporation 200 Valley Road, Suite 400 Mt. Arlington, NJ 07856 or fax a resume to: +1-201-398-6102 or send a resume by e-mail (plain ASCII only) to: ianh@logos-usa.com Logos Corporation is an Equal Opportunity Employer. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 1993 15:44:18 EST From: soemarmo@ouvaxa.cats.ohiou.edu Subject: Job Listing TENURE TRACK POSITION RANK: Assistant Professor of Linguistics MINIMUM QUALIFICATION: Ph.D. in Japanese language, linguistics, or foreign language education. Native or near native competence in Japanese language. Some teaching experience. RESPONSIBILITIES: teach Japanese language courses, develop teaching materials, research in language teaching, language acquisition and related areas. AVAILABLE: September 1, 1994 SALARY: competitive, depending on qualifications, negotiable upward from a base of $29,000 for 9 months. Send vita, transcripts, and three recent letters of recommendation to: Dr. Keiko Koda, chair, Search Committee Department of Linguistics Gordy Hall 103 Ohio University Athens, OH 45701-2979 APPLICATION DEADLINE: January 30, 1994 Ohio University is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. Women and minorities are strongly encouraged to apply. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-911. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-912. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 112 Subject: 4.912 Qs: Neophilologus, POS taggers, Fabb, Text review Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 12:39:50 -0500 (EST) From: Cathy Ball Subject: E-mail address for Neophilologus 2) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 93 16:15:04 -0500 From: andersen@cgi.com Subject: POS taggers and noun phrase analysis tools for commercial use 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 13:27:21 -0700 From: hammond@convx1.ccit.arizona.edu (Mike Hammond) 4) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 8:55:14 -0800 (PST) From: AHARRIS - Alan Harris Subject: PLEASE POST -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 12:39:50 -0500 (EST) From: Cathy Ball Subject: E-mail address for Neophilologus Does anyone have an e-mail address by which I can reach the editors of the journal _Neophilologus_? (published in Amsterdam). Thanks! -- Cathy Ball (cball@guvax.georgetown.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 93 16:15:04 -0500 From: andersen@cgi.com Subject: POS taggers and noun phrase analysis tools for commercial use I'm looking for pointers to reasonably robust tools that could be licensed or otherwise obtained for use in commercial natural language projects; specifically, a part of speech tagger, tools to identify noun phrases in a large corpus, and a robust parser written in C (with a customizable English grammar). Thanks for any help you can provide. Peggy Andersen Carnegie Group, Inc. 5 PPG Place Pittsburgh, PA 15222 andersen@cgi.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 01 Nov 1993 13:27:21 -0700 From: hammond@convx1.ccit.arizona.edu (Mike Hammond) Does anybody out there have an email address for Nigel Fabb? (or even a snailmail address) mike hammond -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 8:55:14 -0800 (PST) From: AHARRIS - Alan Harris Subject: PLEASE POST Thanks to all who have responded re a suitable elementary textbook for discourse analysis. As soon as I return from SCA national meeting in Miami at the end of this month, I will try to post a comprehensive summary to this list. Please bear with me. BTW, I am informed that there is a new thoroughgoing text from Blackwell by someone at Georgetown (not Tannen) that is good. Anyone know of this and can critique for me? thanks again, Alan (please reply privately) ====================================================================== Alan C. Harris, Ph. D. telno: off: Professor, Communication/Linguistics 818-885-2853/2874 Speech Communication Department hm: California State University, Northridge 818-780-8872 SPCH CSUN fax: 818-885-2663 Northridge, CA 91330 Internet: AHARRIS@VAX.CSUN.EDU ====================================================================== -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-912. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-913. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 96 Subject: 4.913 Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1993 12:35:22 -0700 (MST) From: Teresa M. Meehan Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics 2) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 93 12:58:25 SST From: Anjum Saleemi Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 1993 12:35:22 -0700 (MST) From: Teresa M. Meehan Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics As a graduate student, I have found the current discussion on the acceptance of psycholinguistics by linguists to be a very interesting one. But Vicki Fromkin's (4.903) mention of a separation between "representation (competence) and processing (performance)," leads me to wonder about the current view of semiotics among linguists. Has the field moved away from Saussurian principles (i.e., language as a system of signs)? And what about the works of C.S. Peirce? How are they considered? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 93 12:58:25 SST From: Anjum Saleemi Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics The ongoing discussion about the growing significance of psycholinguistics is very interesting. On the one hand, even as a borderline psycholinguist who often finds himself suspended between psychological and linguistic reasoning, I'm extremely pleased that the change that is supposed to (and should) be happening is indeed taking place. On the other hand, I'm puzzled why this has started to happen only in the last couple of years (re Marantz's message), and not earlier, and in general why it has EVER been otherwise, considering that at least according to some (very influential) points of view linguistics is merely a branch of psychology. In fact, it seems to me that in these terms the term "psycholinguistics" is somewhat tautological (that is, if linguistics IS actually taken to be a part of psychology). My point, put somewhat radically, is this: inspite of some major conceptual shifts, the field has remained fairly structural in practice; at the level of methodology, the focus has overwhelmingly been on the formal (read=notational) study of language, with intuitive judgements about grammaticality (for example) being the major (usualy the ONLY) determinants of the validity of a particular hypothesis. Although my own practice has not been too far removed from this methodological orthodoxy, I've often wondered about other types of evidence that are actually or potentially accessible. Take the case of intuitive judgements of grammaticality: these are admittedly an extremely good FIRST approximation to reliable data, but clearly they aren't good enough to justify basing hypotheses and theories entirely on them. Aren't such judgements obtained under conditions which are only remotely comparable to those prevailing in even the crudest experiments? Also, with the recent theoretical advances, it is probably going to be more and more the case that hypotheses may have to be accepted or rejected the basis of very subtle evidence. (Can I just point out that physical scientists spend a LOT of time in designing techniques which would help them get the best relevant evidence.) Surprisingly, though, the notational-structural style of argumentation is still dominant, although I hope that the changes reported by Marantz in the MIT graduate programme (among other factors pointed out by Fromkin and others) will make a difference, eventually. I do not by any means object to the importance of abstract model building, but only wish to point out that this sort of work doesn't have a privileged status, and that important insights can come from virtually any direction. In short, I believe that linguistics is a discipline which is very likely to lead to several empirically significant consequences; however, whether it'll develop into a empirical science aiming at unravelling a particular aspect of human psycho-biological reality, or become a discipline largely devoted to abtract reasoning for its own sake, is something which remains to be seen. I'd be grateful for any comments about this line of reasoning, which has been bothering me a great deal lately and hopefully isn't entirely alien to the thinking of many other members of the field either. Anjum Saleemi National University of Singapore ellaps@nusvm OR ellaps@leonis.nus.sg -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-913. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-914. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 165 Subject: 4.914 Sum: Do-Support Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 22:44:48 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Do-Support summary -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 22:44:48 -0600 From: fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Subject: Do-Support summary In LINGUIST 4-837 i posted a request for some references to research on Do-Support in English, and to similar phenomena in other languages. First of all, i want to thank everybody who responded: Marc Authier, Kersti Borjars, Kevin Donnelly, Connor Ferris, Susan Fisher, Dick Hudson, Helge Lodrup, Erika Mitchell, Susan Pintzuk, Gregory Ward, Allan C. Wechsler, and Rick Wojcik. ******************************** Susan Pintzuk very kindly provided citations of Tony Kroch's work: Kroch, Anthony S. 1989. 'Function and Grammar in the History of English: Periphrastic "Do"' Ralph Fasold & Deborah Schiffrin, eds. Language Change and Variation (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 52) Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 133-172. Kroch, Anthony S. 1989. 'Reflexes of Grammar in Patterns of Language Change' Language Variation and Change 1:199-244. Kroch, Anthony S., John Myhill, & Susan Pintzuk. 1982. 'Understanding Do' CLS XVIII. ************************ Dick Hudson mentioned his discussion of Do-Support on pp. 160-165 of his Arguments for a Non-Transformational Grammar (University of Chicago Press 1976) ****************************** Marc Authier drew my attention to the following papers which discuss (among other things) the use of infinitive Do-Support in British English: Pullum, G. 1981. 'The Category Status of Infinitival "to"' University of Washington Working Papers in Linguistics 6:55-72. Zwicky, A. & N. Levin. 1980. 'You don't have TO' Linguistic Inquiry 11:631-6. ******************************* Erika Mitchell sent me some relevant excerpts (including bibliography) from her recent (1993) Cornell dissertation, Morphological Evidence for Syntactic Structure: the Finno-Ugric Languages and English (which itself seems like a fine addition to this bibliography i'm trying to assemble), and a paper 'VP-Fronting, Do-Support and Extended IP in English' which she gave at the 1993 Annual Meeting and is appearing in the Cornell Working Papers in Linguistics. She especially recommends the following classic: Trnka, Bohumil. 1930. On the Syntax of the English Verb from Caxton to Dryden. Prague. Many of the responses i got dealt with languages other than English. The following listing is roughly in order of increasing 'genetic' distance from English. **************************** Helge Lodrup directed me to a paper of hers on a Do-Support-like phenomenon in Norwegian: Lodrup, Helge. 1990. 'VP-Topicalization and the Verb "gjore" in Norwegian' Working Papers in Scandinavian Syntax 45:3-12. ******************************************** Kevin Donnelly/Caoimhin P. O'Donnaile drew my attention to section 11.3.2(iv) (p. 302) of Micheal o Siadhail's Modern Irish: Grammatical Structure and Dialectal Variation (Cambridge University Press 1989), discussing the use of *dean* 'make, do' as an all-purpose auxiliary, especially for 'assimilating' foreign verbal loans, a function that 'do' served in (at least Scottish) English around the middle of this millenium. Kevin suspects that such usage is even more extensive in the Scottish and Manx dialects. ********************************* Rick Wojcik sent me an updated version of a paper i had heard him give at the 1986 LSA Annual Meeting (back when they were at the end, rather than the beginning, of the year!), 'Against the SVO Hypothesis for VSO Languages', which he felt might be tangentially relevant because most of his argument depends on the Breton equivalent of Do-Support (which differs in many particulars from the phenomenon in English; for instance, in Breton Do-Support does not occur in negatives while in English that is one of its normal environments). ******************************* Allan C. Wechsler had a few remarks about 'auxiliaries' in Basque and Warlpiri. The most interesting was the point (already to some extent known to me) that Warlpiri has a non-verbal auxiliary whose sole purpose seems to be to bear subject and object agreement markers. ************************************************* Susan Fisher (aka United Snakes of America, ) directed me to work, by herself and others, on auxiliaries, some semantically empty, in various sign languages: Bos, Heleen. a paper in the Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium on Sign Language Research. Engberg-Pedersen, Elisabeth. 1993. a short paper on auxiliaries in Danish Sign Language, published in Signpost. Fischer, Susan. 1992(?) 'Auxiliaries in Japanese Sign Language' LSA Annual Meeting. Fischer, Susan. 1993. 'The Role of Auxiliaries in Sign Languages' submitted for publication to International Journal of Sign Linguistics. Smith, Wayne. 1990. 'Auxiliaries in Taiwan Sign Language' Susan Fischer & Pat Siple, eds., Theoretical Issues in Sign Language Research. University of Chicago Press. And, finally, a couple of respondents drew my attention to a couple of very different perspectives on the issue: ********************************** Kersti Borjars drew my attention to a paper by Lynn Santelmann on a sort of parallel of Do-Support in Swedish NPs: 'Den-Support: an Analysis of Double Determiners in Swedish' (Anders Holmberg, ed., Papers from the Workshop on the Scandinavian Noun Phrase, pp. 100-118.) Connor Ferris comments that, from the point of view of Thai, English has 'a lot of nice well-behaved verbs which carry affixes where they are supposed to, expressing notions of time and aspect, and then for no obvious reason, when a verb like e.g. "soft" or "smelly" or "proud" or "polite" turns up [it] suddenly [has] to "invent" that meaningless auxiliary with all the strange forms -- "be", "was", "am", etc. -- to carry the inflexion.' To confirm the wierdness of this state of affairs, i actually caught myself this very morning saying to my daughter, 'I glad you willing to admit that!' And i'm a native speaker! Once again, thanks to all! I've definitely got the makings of a good bibliography for my project here. ------ Dr. Steven Schaufele 217-344-8240 712 West Washington Ave. fcosws@ux1.cso.uiuc.edu Urbana, IL 61801 *** O syntagmata linguarum liberemini humanarum! *** **** Nihil vestris privari nisi obicibus potestis! **** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-914. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-915. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 160 Subject: 4.915 Calls: Second Language, Prosodic Phonology, Foreign Language Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 12:27:52 +0100 From: jmdewael@vnet3.vub.ac.be (Jean-Marc Dewaele) Subject: 4th Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association 2) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 16:34:31 +0000 (GMT) From: Wim.Zonneveld@let.ruu.nl Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS WORKSHOP IN "PROSODIC MORPHOLOGY" 3) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 08:18:32 EST From: Greg Stump Subject: Call for Papers (Kentucky Foreign Language Conference) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 12:27:52 +0100 From: jmdewael@vnet3.vub.ac.be (Jean-Marc Dewaele) Subject: 4th Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association CALL FOR PAPERS The Fourth Annual Conference of the European Second Language Association / Quatrieme Conference Annuelle de l'EUROSLA September 8 - 10, 1994 to be held at the Universite de Provence, Aix-en-Provence, France. The official languages of the conference will be English and French. Proposals and abstracts can be sent to: Prof. Daniel Veronique Centre des Lettres et Sciences Humaines 29, Avenue Robert Schuman 13621 Aix-en-Provence CEDEX1 Fax: 42 59 42 80 Jean-Marc Dewaele Sectie Romaanse Filologie Vrije Universiteit Brussel Pleinlaan 2 1050 Brussel Belgie -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 16:34:31 +0000 (GMT) From: Wim.Zonneveld@let.ruu.nl Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS WORKSHOP IN "PROSODIC MORPHOLOGY" CALL FOR PAPERS WORKSHOP IN "PROSODIC MORPHOLOGY" Organized by L.O.T. (Landelijke Onderzoeksschool Taalkunde), the Dutch national Ph.D. program in Linguistics Dates: 22-24 June 1994 Place: Research Department for Language and Speech, Utrecht University, Trans 10, 3512 JK, Utrecht, the Netherlands Organizers: Harry van der Hulst for the Holland Institute of Linguistics Rene Kager and Wim Zonneveld for the Research Department for language and Speech hulst@rulcri.leidenuniv.nl kager@let.ruu.nl zonneveld@let.ruu.nl Set-up: 7 invited speakers, 8 selected speakers (through this call), 15 additional participants The invited speakers are: Larry Hyman (Berkeley), Sharon Inkelas (Berkeley), Junko Ito (Santa Cruz), John McCarthy (Amherst), Armin Mester (Santa Cruz), Alan Prince (Rutgers), Patricia Shaw (Br. Columbia). Aim of the Workshop: The aim of the workshop is to contribute to the discussion of the Phonology-Morphology Interface, within the framework of *Prosodic Morphology*. The central goal in this field is to gain insight into the nature of the mutual dependence of morphological and prosodic categories. This line of research was initiated in the seventies by McCarthy's work in the morphology of the Semitic languages, was followed up by Marantz' account of reduplication, and has recently been formulated as the theoretical framework of Prosodic Morphology by McCarthy and Prince. The key observation of this field is that in many languages morphological categories are characterized by a fixed phonological shape, or 'template'. Moreover, it is claimed that templates are defined in terms of prosodic categories, such as mora, syllable, foot, and prosodic word. Some typically 'templatic' phenomena are reduplication, truncation, canonic stem specifications, and minimal word statements. The workshop will cover empirical, theoretical and methodological aspects of this approach. SEND A MAXIMALLY 2-page ABSTRACT *before 1 February 1994* to Rene Kager/Wim Zonneveld Workshop in Prosodic Morphology OTS, Trans 10, 3512 JK Utrecht, the Netherlands. or through e-mail at the addresses mentioned. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 08:18:32 EST From: Greg Stump Subject: Call for Papers (Kentucky Foreign Language Conference) The 47th Annual Kentucky Foreign Language Conference will be held on April 21-23, 1994, at the University of Kentucky in Lexington; as in the past, the conference will include sessions devoted to linguistic theory. If you wish to present a paper in one of these sessions, send one copy of a one-page abstract to Greg Stump at either of the following addresses: Department of English eng101@ukcc.uky.edu University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506-0027 Please include the following information with your abstract: Name: Affiliation: Address: e-mail address: Daytime phone number: Length of paper (20 minutes or 45 minutes): The deadline for submission of abstracts is December 3, 1993; authors will be notified about the acceptance/rejection of their abstracts in late December. The conference program and information about registration and hotel accommodations will be mailed to conference participants in early 1994. If you are not submitting an abstract but wish to receive this information, please contact Greg Stump at either of the addresses given above. For advance information about conference registration and hotel accommodations, please contact Monica Stoch at either of the following addresses: 218C Service Building monica.stoch@ukwang.uky.edu University of Kentucky Lexington, KY 40506 Because the conference date falls during the spring horse-racing season, conference participants are encouraged to arrange hotel reservations as early as possible. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-915. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-916. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 44 Subject: 4.916 LSA: Software Poster Session at Annual Meeting Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 13:56:10 -0500 (EST) From: ZZLSA@gallua.gallaudet.edu Subject: Software Poster Session at LSA Annual Meeting -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 02 Nov 1993 13:56:10 -0500 (EST) From: ZZLSA@gallua.gallaudet.edu Subject: Software Poster Session at LSA Annual Meeting The Linguistic Society will again sponsor a poster session for software on Friday, 7 January. Participation is limited to LSA members who have developed software of interest to the discipline which may be purchased for less than $100 in addition to the cost of distribution media. Authors are encouraged to discuss further developments or to simply interact with users and potential users one-to- one. Participants are expected to come to the meeting with posters and their own computers if they wish to do demonstrations. Software discussed in poster form will be included in a catalogue published for the exhibit and available to all who attend the meeting. The catalogue will also include short reviews of the software wherever possible. Forms for submitting abstracts were included as inserts in the June 1993 LSA Bulletin. They may also be requested from the LSA Secretariat. The deadline for receipt of abstracts is 15 November 1993. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-916. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-917. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 239 Subject: 4.917 Conferences: Second Language, Parsing Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 93 14:56:44 GMT From: Cook V J Subject: European Second Language Association 2) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 12:03:39 +0100 From: andernac@cs.utwente.nl (Toine Andernach) Subject: Workshop: TWLT 6 on PARSING NATURAL LANGUAGE -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 93 14:56:44 GMT From: Cook V J Subject: European Second Language Association EUROSLA Annual Conference 1994 Preliminary notice The Fourth Annual Conference of EUROSLA (European Second Language Association will be at: University of Provence, Aix en Provence 8th - 10th September 1994 A multidisciplinary conference for second language researchers and specialists EUROSLA has no official language 20% reduction for EUROSLA members Conference Organiser: Dr Daniel Veronique, Centre des Lettres et Sciences Humaines 29, avenue Robert Schuman, 13621 Aix-en-Provence, France fax: 42 20 64 87 Membership Secretary: Dr Vera Regan, Dept. of French, University College Dublin, Bellfield, Dublin 4, Ireland. e-mail vmregan@irlearn.ucd.ie -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 12:03:39 +0100 From: andernac@cs.utwente.nl (Toine Andernach) Subject: Workshop: TWLT 6 on PARSING NATURAL LANGUAGE Twente Workshop on Language Technology 6 TWLT 6 "PARSING NATURAL LANGUAGE" Final Announcement +=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+=+= Date: 16 and 17 December 1993 Location: "De Vrijhof", Enschede, the Netherlands ********* TWLT 6 is co-sponsored by ACL SIGPARSE, the Special Interest Group on Parsing Technologies of the Association of Computational Linguistics (ACL). ********* TWLT This is the sixth Twente Workshop on Language Technology organised in Twente, a beautiful region in the Netherlands. Previous work- shops have been on Tomita's Algorithm, Linguistic Engineering, Connectionist Natural Language Processing, Pragmatics in Language Technology and Natural Language Interfaces. In this international workshop researchers on parsing technologies in computational linguistics and those working at the borderline of computer science and computational linguistics will get the opportunity to present their research and discuss developments in parsing tech- nology. About TWLT6 Topics of TWLT6 include: parsing for spelling correction, head- corner parsing and unification, the logical structure of language, practical comparisons between parallel parsing algorithms, tree adjoining grammar parsing, Definite Clause Grammar parsing, multiple agents processing, comparison of ALE and PATR, parsing ill-formed input, syntactic and semantic information from punc- tuation, et cetera. The proceedings of the workshop will be available during the workshop. TWLT 6 Program Thursday, December 16, 1993: ---------------------------- 10.15 Registration and coffee 10.55 A. Nijholt: Opening 11.00 V. Manca (University of Pisa): Typology and Logical Structure of Natural Languages. 11.40 R. Bod (University of Amsterdam): Data Oriented Parsing as a General Framework for Stochastic Language Processing. 12.10 K. Sikkel (University of Twente): Specification of Parsing Strategies for Unification Grammars. 12.40 Lunch 14.00 M. Stefanova & W. ter Stal (University of Sofia / University of Twente): A Comparison of ALE and PATR: Practical Experiences. 14.30 H. de Vreught (University of Delft): A Practical Comparison between Parallel Tabular Recognizers. 15.00 Pause 15.30 M. Verlinden (University of Twente): A Head-Corner Parser for Unification Grammars. 16.00 M.-J. Nederhof (University of Nijmegen): A Multi-Disci- plinary Approach to a Parsing Algorithm. 16.30 G. Satta (University of Venice): Recognition and Parsing of Tree-Adjoining Grammars 17.10 Drinks Friday, December 17, 1993: -------------------------- 09.00 F. Barthelemy (University of Lisbon): A Single Formalism for a Wide Range of Parsers for DCGs. 09.30 E. Csuhaj-Varju and R. Abo-Alez (Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest): Multi-Agent Systems in Language Processing. 10.00 C. Cremers (University of Leiden): Parsing Co-ordination Categorically. 10.30 Pause 10.50 M. Wiren (University of Saarbrucken): Bounded Incremental Parsing. 11.20 V. Kubon, V. Petkevic and M. Platek (Charles University, Prague): Robust Parsing and Grammar Checking of Free Word Order Languages. 11.50 V. Srinivasan (University of Mainz): Punctuation and Parsing of Real-World Texts. 12.20 Lunch 13.45 T.G. Vosse (University of Leiden): Robust Parsing for Spelling Correction. 14.15 B. Lang (INRIA, Paris): Parsing Ill-Formed Input. 14.50 Pause 15.10 M. Tomita (Pittsburgh): Parsing Spontaneous Speech. 15.55 Closing of the workshop ********************************* Registration We prefer registration before December 1. E-mail the organizing secretariat, include name, address and whether you need hotel reservation. The workshop fee is Dfl. 100 (students Dfl. 50). Fee includes proceedings, lunches, coffee and tea during breaks and the informal reception on December 16. Payment will be made only on-site. Workshop Site and Accommodation The workshop will take place in "De Vrijhof" at the campus of the University of Twente, Enschede, the Netherlands. There is a direct train connection from Amsterdam airport to Hengelo or Enschede. The organizing secretariat can handle hotel reservations at the campus or in nearby cities. Standard room including breakfast at the campus is Dfl. 100 per night. Cheaper accommodation is available on request. Workshop Organizing Secretariat Mrs. J. Lammerink, Department of Computer Science, University of Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, the Netherlands. Email: lammerin@cs.utwente.nl Tel.: 31-53-893680 Fax: 31-53-315283 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-917. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-918. Thu 04 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 334 Subject: 4.918 Sum: Japanese Tokenization Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 09:18:25 -0500 From: tomd@dfhake.pls.com (Tom Donaldson) Subject: Japanese Tokenization: Summary Of Responses -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 09:18:25 -0500 From: tomd@dfhake.pls.com (Tom Donaldson) Subject: Japanese Tokenization: Summary Of Responses The following is a long overdue summary of responses to a query concerning Japanese tokenizers: > I am looking for software to tokenize a stream of Japanese text > into "words" in a fashion that would be acceptable to the > majority of native speakers of Japanese. I understand that it > is often difficult because of a lack of word delimiters in much > Japanese text. > > Does anyone know of any commercial libraries, > soon-to-be-available software, shareware, freeware, or > any-kinda-ware for tokenization of Japanese? Are there any > accepted algorithms for tokenizing Japanese? > > To date I have located one outfit in Florida, USA, that is > working on such a tokenizer, but there must be others. I posted queries to two mailing lists apart from LINGUIST: 1) INSOFT-L is dedicated to the internationalization of software. To subscribe, send a message to listserv@cis.vutbr.cz with a message body of the following form: SUB INSOFT-L Yourfirstname Yourlastname 2) LANTRA is language interpretation and translation list. To subscribe, send a message to LISTSERV@SEARN.SUNET.SE. I somehow failed to save my subscription message to this list, but the message body should be either: SUB LANTRA-L YourFirstName YourLastName or: SIGNON LANTRA-L YourFirstName YourLastName Some of the responses came by rather circuitous routes. Thanks to all of you who responded or passed my query along to others. I have shortened some of the messages. The {stuff removed} was not relevant to this summary. ================================== The outfit in Florida that I had already located is Linguistic Software Solutions (LSS). It is the sole marketer of products from SoftArt. The only email address I have is for Lane Carder at SoftArt: soft.art@AppleLink.Apple.COM The contact information I have for LSS: Patricial Carder Linguistic Software Solutions, Inc. 606 Bald Eagle Dr., Suite 203 Marco Island, FL 33937 USA There is an article on SoftArt in "Language Industry Monitor", #16, July-August 1993: L A N G U A G E I N D U S T R Y M O N I T O R "The World of Natural Language Computing" ISSN 0925-3327 Eerste Helmersstraat 183 1054 DT Amsterdam, The Netherlands Tel: + 31 20 685-0462 Fax: +31 20 685-4300 Internet: colinb@paramount.nikhefk.nikhef.nl CompuServe: 70023,1164 tomd ================================== ================================== Another promising outfit is MRJ. I received a phone call from Ken Sheers, who saw a message on CompuServe that some one from LANTRA posted there (thanks to whoever did it!) ... MRJ will have a segmenter real soon now. Seems like a very bright, energetic crew. Ken Sheers MRJ, Inc. 10455 White Granite Dr. Oakton, VA 22124 Voice: (703) 385-0830 e-mail: ksheers@mrj.com tomd ================================== ================================== I got several responses regarding the Juman tokenizer mentioned in the following message. I have not yet been able to connect to the ftp site, but you may have better luck. tomd ================================== Hello, Here is a freeware (almost see below) for segmenting and parts-of- speech tagging Japanese text: Name of the program : JUMAN developed by University of Kyoto ftp : pine.kuee.kyoto-u.ac.jp pub/juman/newjuman.tar.Z after uncompressing and untarring, please look at doc/main.tex (it may be just Japanese but), it tells how to install the program. Our lab, the Computing Research Lab, has been using this program in the past two years and the performance is reasonable considering this is a public domain program. As you may know, all the big Japanese electronics/computer companies have better segmentation programs but they are not redistributable (we cannot get it in any way) One thing you should do before getting this software from the ftp is to get a permission from the developer of the software, Professor Matsumoto (email : matsu@is.aist-nara.ac.jp). I understand that this is just for record-keeping. Cheers, Takahiro Wakao Computing Research Lab New Mexico State Unviersity twakao@crl.nmsu.edu ================================== These folks at IBM appear to be offering support for quite a few languages. tomd ================================== >From: "Brian Gessel (919-469-7741 TL883)" X-Addr: PRGS Natural Language Processing P.O. Box 60000, Mailstop TH8/5W/661 8000 Regency Parkway Cary, NC 27511 Internet: briang@vnet.ibm.com Tom, We intend to offer word segmentation for Japanese, as well as morphology (stemming, inflection) for the European languages you mentioned. Of course, we can also offer spell aid, hyphenation support, and synonyms for a wide variety of European languages. We currently run under DOS, Windows, OS/2 (16-and 32-bit), and Aix (a form of Unix.) We also intend to port the linguistic service to Macintosh System 7 and additional Unix platforms. Our initial targets were Sun (probably Solaris) and HP. I am not sure we will cover SunOS, if it is very different than Solaris, but we want to make the service as portable as possible. We have no plans for porting to VMS, but are open to significant business opportunities. One caveat--we do not currently support Japanese under DOS or Windows, but, again, will consider requirements as they are presented. Although we do not yet have all the machinery in place for full-scale OEM marketing, we are open for business and are handling requests on an ad hoc basis. If you would like further discussion of our plans, we will probably need to put a confidential disclosure agreement (CDA) in place. {stuff removed} Regards, Brian ================================== Of course all you insoft-l folks already know about Ken Lunde's book. It is not a source of Japanese tokenization software, but does provide a lot of other useful information. I have severly truncated the message, so if you need ordering information, contact Ken. tomd ================================== >From: lunde@mv.us.adobe.com (Ken Lunde) >Date: Thu, 16 Sep 93 13:41:38 PDT >Subject: "Understanding Japanese Information Processing" released! It's here! My book entitled "Understanding Japanese Information Processing" was released yesterday (9/15/93), and I received the author copies this morning. I am quite pleased with the final result. Many of you inquired about being told when the book is available. Well, the time is now. Expect to start seeing it in book stores in about 2 weeks or so. I am appending international ordering information below. Note that most accept orders and inquiries by e-mail. Please contact me in the case of questions... -- Ken Lunde {stuff removed} ================================== My company is not a member of the following consortium, and I have not yet received information regarding the consortium. It may be appropriate for some of you, however. tomd ================================== >From: davidc@titan.wordperfect.com (David Cook (Unix Dev)) There is lots of interesting stuff at the CLR at New Mexico State University. See the information below. I hope it is helpful. Feel free to post this to the mailing list. Also I would appreciate it if you would mail me a summary of the replies you get. Thanks, David Cook WordPerfect Japanese Development ===================================================================== CONSORTIUM FOR LEXICAL RESEARCH Computing Research Lab New Mexico State University Las Cruces, NM 88003 phone: (505) 646-5466 fax: (505) 646-6218 email: lexical@nmsu.edu bitnet: lexical at nmsu ********* Consortium for Lexical Research Newsletter 6 >From the Computing Research Laboratory New Mexico State University Edited by - Margarita Gonzalez and Jim Cowie. Contributions and inquiries to - lexical@nmsu.edu OR lexical@nmsu.bitnet FTP address for accessing materials - clr.nmsu.edu [128.123.1.12] This newsletter is distributed in plain ASCII, but it is also available in postscript from clr.nmsu.edu. The directory is newsletter and the file is news6.ps. Information on using the CLR archives and on becoming a member of CLR can be obtained by emailing lexical@nmsu.edu. Recently Added Materials Two new items are available this month: JUMAN is a segmenter and part-of-speech tagger for Japanese text, and TRIG is a parser for English which uses a Link Grammar. JUMAN Ftp Directory: members-only/lexica/JUMAN-MCC/ 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 09:18:25 -0500 From: tomd@dfhake.pls.com (Tom Donaldson) Subject: Japanese Tokenization: Summary Of Responses Juman is a program which segments Japanese into words and tags these words with parts of speech. It was produced at Kyoto University and then heavily modified by researchers at MCC. The tables used for tagging are generated by a Prolog program, but the program which actually does the tokenizing and tagging is written in C, so that users do not need to have a working Prolog implementation if they just want to use Juman. CLR Membership The members-only area of the CLR archives is rapidly increasing its volume with valuable materials and software available to lexical researchers, members of the consortium. If your interests lie in lexicology, lexicography and lexical research, we encourage your organization to become a member, promoting the use of these valuable resources for lexical research and ensuring that they can be maintained. ================================== This one shows promise for the future ... ================================== >From: cwh@world.std.com (Carl W Hoffman) My company has developed a program which indexes Japanese text through the use of a Japanese dictionary. One step in the indexing process is tokenization. Our code does not do a perfect job of tokenizing Japanese (this is an area of active research) however it does correctly parse conjugated verbs and adjectives in nearly all of the cases we have encountered. We are continuing development of this program to improve its linguistic abilities. We have also incorporated our tokenizer into a Japanese text browser. Our browser enables a native English speaker with a modest knowledge of Japanese to read difficult Japanese electronic texts. Using a mouse, you can click on various words in the text to see English definitions. The browser currently runs either under English DOS (requires VGA) or under Japanese DOS/V. A Microsoft Windows version of the browser is under development. Sincerely, Carl Hoffman President ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Carl Hoffman 304 Newbury Street Tanaka Building 3F Basis Technology Corp. Boston, MA 02115 1-9-6 Iwamotocho, Chiyoda-ku U.S.A. JAPAN IN: cwh@std.com Tel: 617-262-2062 Tel: 03-3863-2997 CIS: 76416,3365 Fax: 617-262-4284 Fax: 03-3863-2998 Thanks again for your assistance. Tom # Tom Donaldson 2400 Research Blvd., Suite 350 # # Senior Software Developer Rockville, MD 20850 # # Personal Library Software (301) 208-1222, FAX: (301) 963-9738 # # e-mail: tomd@pls.com # ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-918. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-919. Fri 05 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 138 Subject: 4.919 Last Posting: Infixes Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 93 20:04 CDT From: Tom Cravens Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 21:41:33 -0500 (EST) From: Paul T Kershaw Subject: Infixes 3) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 1993 08:43:55 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes 4) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 15:39:20 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Earl Darnell Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 03 Nov 93 20:04 CDT From: Tom Cravens Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes I would amend Dave Kathman's proposal that the infix (if that's what it is) must either precede stress immediately, or follow first syllable. Rather than first syllable, it may be that a few identifiable morphemes (un-) allow morphological breaking (un-xx-believable, although unbe-xx-lievable preferable in the US Midwest, at least), but most lose out to the stress constraint: insu-xx-portable, repro-xx-duction, repe-xx-titious, disa-xx-buse, along with instan-xx-taneous, and the most common item in my native speech, evi-xx-dently. To add to the difficulties, I can't get *sub-xx-stitute or *ad-xx-ministrate, but substi-xx-stute and admini-xx-strate roll out quite naturally, with greater stress on 'stute, 'strate than that on 'sub or 'mi. Finally--I don't remember if this has been mentioned--it seems that the infix must be two-syllable, stress-initial. Does anyone have any infixes other than 'x.x? Tom Cravens cravens@wiscmacc.bitnet cravens@macc.wisc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 3 Nov 1993 21:41:33 -0500 (EST) From: Paul T Kershaw Subject: Infixes I agree that the adamance of different speakers that, of Unfu**ingbelievable and Unbefu**ingbelievable, one is strongly preferred over the other, suggests that there may be two different rules, but for my idiolect the rules can't be as suggested. The poster of the two-rules suggestion hypothesizes that speakers who prefer Unfu**ingbelievable insert the obscenity after the first syllable, but I don't. Thinking about all of the infixes I use, I come up with: Unfu**ingbelievable (*Unbefu**inglievable) Imfu**ingpossible Absobloodylutely (*Abbloodysolutely) Guaran(go*)damntee (*Guar(go*)damnentee) La-de-fu**ing-da (*La-fu**ing-de-da) I should like to note two things: (1) The parenthesized forms for the last three are completely unacceptable, whereas I can tolerate (but not say) "Unbefu**inglievable!". (2) This doesn't seem to be productive for me. I'm picking up a lot of such infixes from the discussion, but I wouldn't have generated them myself. For instance, "fanfu**ingtastic" has drifted from completely unacceptable a few weeks ago to tolerable now (and "Kalamafu**ingzoo", which I first heard a few years back and which grated against my ears then, is now part of my active lexicon). The question is, how much this nonproductivity is true for most people? That is, how widespread are PRODUCTIVE infixes of this nature, and how widespread is the acceptance of peripheral lexical items that "have a nice ring to them"? -- Paul Kershaw -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 1993 08:43:55 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes Odd infixing is not exactly a modern invention. There's a famous example in Latin (well, it *was* famous while people really knew Latin) in which a noun is -- perhaps -- subjected to infixing. I say "perhaps", since the inserted element is actually the finite verb of the clause. The early poet Quintus Ennius committed (I think that *is* the word) a line which ends as follows: ... saxum cere comminuit brum. The context is one in which the hero (don't ask me who; I read this 30+ years ago as an undergraduate) is endangered by a rock (_saxum_) which threatened (_comminuit_) his skull (cere...brum). Perhaps not a clear example of infixing, but certainly the perfect image for getting one's head busted open. BTW, I have never heard expressions such as unbe-f**king-lievable even once. Undoubtedly we are culturally deprived here in Memphis (not to mention what the NFL is doing to us), but this time I don't realy think I'm missing anything. --Leo Connolly "Nulla latinitas sine lacrimas", one of my professors used to say. Does that make Latin the _lingua lacrimosa_? Probably not; my German students do enough crying. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 15:39:20 -0600 (CST) From: Michael Earl Darnell Subject: Re: 4.907 Infixes Just one quick note about expletive infixation. It seems very true that dialect differences play a part here. Awhile back in a seminar we found that we were an evenly split group. That is, one group could infix phonolog- ically, but some of us only at morpheme boundaries. I'm one of the later. This suggests to me that 'another' has been reanalyzed as a+nother since my dialect can say ' here comes a freaking nother one'. Mike -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-919. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-920. Fri 05 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 145 Subject: 4.920 Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 13:05 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: Re: 4.913 Psycholinguistics 2) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 23:09:34 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: Re: [4.913 Psycholinguistics] 3) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 09:05:21 +0800 From: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw (Sam Wang) Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 13:05 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: Re: 4.913 Psycholinguistics re the deabate or rather discussion on psychlinguistics vis a vis linguistics. The question is asked whether, since according to 'some' (since Chomsky put the mind back into the brain and language in the mind) linguitics may be a sub branch of psychology, why has it taken so long to accept psycholinguistic evidence. I think this reflects the 'definition' of psycholinguistics as having to do with processing rather than representation. Grammaticality judgements are of course performance judgements but must in a very direct way reflect stored knowledge or I-Language. Experimental results may or may not reflect such knowledge and it is important to understand what other factors may be involved in obtaining such data, including short term memory, attentional aspects, real-time processing factors, etc etc etc. But we are beginning to see interesting experiments that are able to pull apart these different aspects of linguistic performance. What has been a subject for debate however is whether linguistic theory based on what Zwicky once called 'internal' evidence is as 'good' as 'external' evidence such as psycholinguistic experimental results, or aphasia breakdowns or speech errors or.... Some of this evidence clearly argues in favor of one rather than another hypothesis in linguistics. For example, at the recent Academy of Aphasia meeting, Eleanor Saffran reported on a case of a brain damaged patient who has a clear dissociation between semantics and syntax -- is unable to look at a picture of a cow or a horse and tell you what it is, or anything about a cow or horse. But if shown two pictures, one where a horse is kicking a cow and another where the cow is kicking the horse, can use syntax to point to the correct animal, i.e. if presented with the sentence "The cow is kicked by the horse" and asked to point to the 'cow' or the 'horse' will do this 100% correctly. (other such syntactic structures were also presented). Thus any theory of grammar which does not separate syntax from semantics is unable to account for such data. On the other hand one can present equally valid evidence for this position based on linguistic evidence. I think Chomsky argues for the equal status of data very well in 'On the biolo- gical basis of lg capacities' in Miller and Lenneberg's 1978 book: "Suppose that someone were to discover a certain pattern of electrical activity in the brain that correlated in clear cases with the presence of wh-clauses, relative clauses (finite and infinitival) and wh-questions (dir- ect and indirect). Suppose that this pattern of electrical activity is observed when a person speaks or understand a particular sentence. Would we now have evidence for the psychological reality of the postulated mental representations? We would now have a new kind of 'evidence' but I see no merit to the contention that this new evidence bears...reality whereas the old evidence only relates to hypothetical constructions. The new evidence maight or might not be more persuasive than the old; that would depend on its character and reliability, the degree to which the prinnciples dealing with this evidence are tenable, intelligible, compelling and so on." Vicki Fromkin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 23:09:34 GMT From: Bill Bennett Subject: Re: [4.913 Psycholinguistics] Please: what exactly is linguistics without a psycho-/socio- component? Bill Bennett. du -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 09:05:21 +0800 From: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw (Sam Wang) Subject: Re: 4.903 Psycholinguistics > From: wendy sandler > a lot of psycholinguistic work tests > hypotheses about language performance ("processing"), rather > than using performance to test proposals about fundamental linguistic > structure (competence). > As a matter of fact, quite a lot of experimental work has been done on some linguistic assumptions, e.g. the vowel shift rules proposed by Chomsky and Halle. It has been shown time and again that the vowel alternation phenomena do not work as suggested in SPE, nor in any formal, featural accounts. But as late as 1985, Halle and Mohanan still pursue this line of work, without mentioning any single experimental result that has been done on this topic. And in Durand's textbook 'Generative and non-linear phonology' (1990) he gives up the experimental counter-evidence of vowel shift rule and opt for a systematic 'package deal' (p.152). Is system all that matters? If all this experimental evidence cannot count, what can? > From Vicky Fromkin: > > I don't think there is a problem re accepting experimental (or other > real-time production/perception data such as speech errors) when such > supports particular linguistics hypotheses and ignoring them when they don't > if one accepts the separation between representation (competence) and > processing (performance). For example, many years ago , examples of Alas, the division between competence and perfromance is an easy escape from counter-evidence in experimental results. One will of course accept experimental evidence when it supports linguistic hypothesis, but if one ignores the same type of evidence on the ground of the division between competence and performance just because the evidence does not accord with the hypothesis, that's totally irresponsible. I think only linguists will do that. Of course one can question the validity of the experimental methods, but shouldn't one also have to examine the validity of the theoretical hypotheses as well? .............................................................................. . H. Samuel Wang . EMAIL: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw . . Department of Foreign Languages . TEL: 886 35 715131 ext 4398 . . National Tsing Hua University . FAX: 885 35 718977; 886 35 725994 . . Hsin-chu, Taiwan . . .............................................................................. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-920. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-921. Fri 05 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 139 Subject: 4.921 Summary: Quantifier Scope Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 12:37:49 -0600 From: Michael Kac Subject: Query Regarding Quantifier Scope -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 12:37:49 -0600 From: Michael Kac Subject: Query Regarding Quantifier Scope With apologies for the delay, here is the promised summary of responses to my query regarding the interpretation of the sentences 1. Every woman doesn't walk. 2. Every woman runs and doesn't walk. 3. Every woman doesn't run and walks. I had three questions: whether any of the examples is scope- ambiguous (and if so, which ones), whether the quantifier has wide or narrow scope in unambiguous examples, and whether any of the examples seems structurally odd. In addition to subscribers to LINGUIST (of whom 28 responded) I sent paper queries to my colleagues here in the philosophy department at Minnesota and to our graduate students, eliciting 7 more responses. Not all of these are included in the tabulation below since not every respondent answered the questions I asked and and of those who did not all did so in a way I could understand. At any rate, here are the semantic judgements and the number of people reporting each: None ambiguous, quantifier having wide scope in all three: 7 None ambiguous, quantifier having narrow scope in 1 and wide scope in 2-3: 2 1 ambiguous and 2-3 unambiguous with quantifier having wide scope: 9 1 and 2 ambiguous, 3 unambiguous with quantifier having wide scope: 1 Unclassifiable responses: 6 I also asked whether any of the examples seemed structurally odd. Some of the people in the 'unclassifiable' category above responded that they're *all* odd and that they couldn't make head nor tail of any of them. A few people had exactly the opposite response -- didn't see anything strange anywhere. Six people explicitly reported finding 3 odd (but without any comment on 1 or 2). To the extent that a tendency can be determined here, it appears to be this: there's a general preference for giving wide scope to the quantifier when it comes first, though the preference is stronger in cases like 2-3 than it is in simple sentences. Sentences like 3 also appear to be troublesome. A few people indicated explicitly that what bothered them about it was that they expected the second verb to be *walk* rather than *walks*. Perhaps this is the point at which I should reveal the reason for my interest in these examples. My judgements are that 1 is ambiguous and that 2-3 are not, the quantifier having wide scope. Further, while I find 1-2 acceptable, I experience a garden path in regard to 3. I wanted to know whether it was just me or if there were others who responded similarly; evidently there are, though other patterns emerge as well. My reasons for being interested have to do with some work I'm presently doing on the interaction of quantification and negation. Not unexpectedly given that not everyone who responded is a linguist, I experienced some resistance in taking my query at face value, resulting in a few cases in some rather ill-tempered outbursts of knuckle-rapping prescriptivism. Two of my colleagues here went so far as to vehemently excoriate anyone who would presume to associate the 'wrong' interpretation with (1). To quote them directly: Colleague A: "I'm a logician and trained to be sensitive to these distinctions. It's a COMMON MISTAKE [original emphasis] in English to say 'Every F is not G' for 'Not every F is G'." Colleague B: "(1) is a poor way of saying 'no woman walks'." Quite independently, John Nerbonne reminded me of sentences like 'All is not lost', in which the quantifier clearly has narrow scope. (Likewise, it occurs to me, for 'All that glisters is not gold'.) So haha on you guys. The contrubitors, to the extent that I can identify them, were: Mark Baltin Leslie Barrett Wayles Browne Sherri Condon Matthew Dryer David Gil gsvapi Michael Hand Bill Hanson Jeff Hellman Greg Kaebnick John Lee Doug Lewis Stavros Macrakis Debbie Mandelbaum Mike Maxwell Ellen Morse-Gagne Karen Mullen Eleanor Olds Bachelder And Rosta Dale Russell Steven Schaufele SE Margaret Winter My thanks to all who contributed; now I leave you to duke out the disagreements among yourselves! Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-921. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-922. Fri 05 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 112 Subject: 4.922 Jobs: Applied, Test Design Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 16:37:03 -0800 From: Brian Lynch Subject: Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies 2) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 16:05:33 +1030 (CST) From: Paul Hellander Subject: NAATI seeks experts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 16:37:03 -0800 From: Brian Lynch Subject: Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies Lecturer in Applied Linguistics (Continuing) Applications are invited for the position of Lecturer (Level B) in Applied Linguistics, to work in a well-established graduate program and undergraduate program in the Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies. Applicants should have research interests that make use of discourse analytic, ethnographic, and/or conversation analytic methods in language education or other institutional settings. The appointee would be expected to teach courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in some of the following areas: discourse analysis, second language acquisition, literacy, sociolinguisitcs, and bilingualism. The successful applicant will be expected to supervise at the Graduate Diploma, MA, and Ph.D. level. The position is available from mid-July 1994. Applicants should have a Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics or a related field and an excellent research record. Experience in teaching at the tertiary level is essential. Salary: Within the range (Australian)$41, 000 - $48, 688 p.a. Further information: Dr. Tim McNamara, Associate Professor; or Dr. Brian Lynch, Lecturer, (within Australia: (03) 344 5488; outside: (#61 3) 344 5488; Fax: (#61 3) 344-5488; EMAIL: Tim_McNamara@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au; or Brian_Lynch@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au) Applications close: 1 February 1994 Reference number: Applications--letter quoting three referees (including Fax numbers) and c.v.--should be sent, in duplicate, to the Director, Personnel Services, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052. The University of Melbourne is an equal opportunity employer and has a smoke free workplace policy. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 16:05:33 +1030 (CST) From: Paul Hellander Subject: NAATI seeks experts I forward this message from Sherrill Bell, Executive Director of the National Accreditation Authority for Translators & Interpreters (Australia). Responses should be forwarded, via conventional mail, or phone/fax to the address that follows. I can handle urgent responses, if necessary. Paul Hellander FORWARDED MESSAGE FOLLOWS: "NAATI Australia is searching for experts in test design for assessing competency in interpreting and translation as distinct from experts in language proficiency test design. Also, it is searching for completed, or on-going research work in the methodology for assessing I/T test reliability and the level of difficulty, particularly between different passages of the same language as well as between different languages. Persons who may be able to assist, are urged to contact: MS SHERRILL BELL EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR NATIONAL ACCREDITATION AUTHORITY FOR TRANSLATORS & INTERPRETERS PO BOX 349 JAMISON CENTRE ACT 2614 AUSTRALIA TEL : +616 251 4044 FAX : +616 253 1575 -- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ! Paul Hellander !! e-mail :phelland@adam.adelaide.edu.au ! Faculty of Arts - Computing !! aq574@yfn.ysu.edu ! University of Adelaide GPO Box 498 !! Phone :(+618) 293 4341 <== NB change ! Adelaide SA 5000 Australia !! Fax :(+618) 293 4341 <== NB change ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-922. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-923. Fri 05 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 161 Subject: 4.923 Qs: Software: Multilingual Lexicography, Referent Tracking Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 93 02:13:47 CST From: gauier@cc.nsysu.edu.tw (GAUTIER) Subject: multiling. lexicography / computer 2) Date: Fri, 05 Nov 1993 14:12:18 +1000 From: Mark Durie Subject: Referent Tracking Software -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 93 02:13:47 CST From: gauier@cc.nsysu.edu.tw (GAUTIER) Subject: multiling. lexicography / computer Hello to all, I am a frenchman living in Taiwan and teaching in a department of french language. I speak chinese and I learnt 4 years of kurdish in France before coming there. I want to start an APPLIED research about practical tools for computer-assisted multilingual lexico- graphy, which will probably become a Ph.D. in "Multilingual Inge- niering" defended in the Paris CRIM laboratory (Centre de recher- che en Ingenierie Multilingue - Multilingual Engeniering Research Centre),which is directed by Mr. Peter STOCKINGER. The kurdish dialect I learnt is Sorani, spoken in northern part of Iraq and Iran, and written using an arabic-type script (preci- sions available if anyone interested). After completing the course, I worked with my kurdish teacher and friend, Mr HAKEM, on a french- kurdish dictionary which has been published this year by Klinksieck publishing house. I must honestly tell that the biggest part of the job was done by the kurdish co-author ! I helped for article organisation and computer part. We used a Macintosh with arabic system and a multilingual word-processor. At the same time, I was studying for a Ph.D. in anthropology which involved the typing of a large quantity of text mixing french and chinese. So I naturally got interested into multilingual computing, specially as I was not very satisfied of the tools I used in these two works. My aim is to test, select and organise into a "package" several computer softwares to propose tools allowing teachers and researchers to produce multiscript lexicographic works. The tools must be EASY to use, AVAILABLE on commom platforms (ie PC or Mac), and the output of the work using them must be suitable for PUBLICATION (what I mean is : NOT "draftish"). I was specially unhappy with the fact that it was not possible to obtain a professionally page-setted printout with what we used with M. HAKEM. And I plan not to use any more a word-processor to input data, , but a database, as to allow the generation of several different works on request. The tools I want to test are : - OCR/scanning software - environment for construction of oo-databases or existing databases tools, - word-processing (and/or) page-setting and the **connexion** of this tools together in a "production chain" going from data input of the to realisation of the final document - so this project could include some programming of my part to "glue" different tools together or doing transcodage. The project is divided in three phasis : 1) Acquisition of information on available software (I started this quite one year ago, using Ziff-Davis "Computer Select" database on CD-ROM). 2) Test of technical problems with selected software (that I want to begin next year on), 3) Experimental realisation of lexicographic work (after one year and half of test and programming step by step) - probably two specialised lexicons on the same subject with french-kurdish and french-chinese. A side interest of this project is the way a computer stored data system allows to represent extra-linguistic (sorry !!) information, as for exemple, the word "house" in kurdish could allow the pop-up of a drawing of a traditional kurdish house - and in a hypertext-like manner, lead to other words (ie kitchen, traditional utensils etc) -- I mean anthropological information specific to the culture represented. I do not have FORMAL knowledge in linguistics (I mean as degree) unless the usual basics because I got my master in computer science in a department of "Computer Science AND Linguistics at Paris VIII University), but I do have some linguistic interest and ability - if learning several rather different languages as english, chinese, kurdish, latin and german gives any (I also studied a lot of LISP and formal grammars during my master). And I started to read extensively on lexicography, as the structure of the database seems to me the most important problem. Any advice from the "linguist" community would be greatly appreciated - and any contact with a kurdish linguist or native speaker !! (IS there any in Taiwan?) Specially, if you have already used software suitable for this type of work, please let me know. I plan anyway, to distribute widely any result my research could bear. Friendly - and I apologise if I've been too long. GAUTIER Gerard Kaohsiung, TAIWAN Please answer to me directly, I will post an abstract after a while. WARNING : My e-mail address is DIFFERENT of my name : it is GAUIER (I do not know why the t was dropped... Chinese linguistic logic ? :-) ) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 05 Nov 1993 14:12:18 +1000 From: Mark Durie Subject: Referent Tracking Software REGARDING Referent Tracking Software Are you interested in a Mac-based system for analyzing discourse profiles, with an emphasis (at this stage) on referent tracking/topic continuity (including e.g. givenness/persistence statistics)? The software we are developing can also do a range of other analyses. It is intuitive and efficient to use, with user-defined coding categories. It could be used for teaching or research purposes. We are wondering what interest there may be in this software. If there are sufficient people interested, we'd like to consider producing a manual, and making copies of the program available to others for a modest fee (to cover the manual development, packaging and shipping costs). If you are interested, then let me know: a) your name, b) a few lines on what your discourse analysis interest is and the kinds of data categories and reports you require in your work, and c) what kind of Mac you use (including amount of RAM). This would give us an idea of what the potential users might be and whether it is worth our while trying to package this program for use by others, or whether just to continue developing it as an in-house tool. Please send answers to: Mark_Durie@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au Mark Durie -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-923. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-924. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 144 Subject: 4.924 Qs: ESL, Vanilla, Transcribing, Adpositions Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 16:52:44 PST From: Nathalie=Ferrero%InstSrvs%OCC@banyan.cccd.edu Subject: ESL 2) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 11:59:06 -0400 (EST) From: mmackenz Subject: Re: Vanilla/Vanella 3) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 16:07:26 +0000 (GMT) From: K.D.Glover@durham.ac.uk Subject: Q: Transcribing program? 4) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 11:14:00 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Body Parts -> Pre/Postpositions -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 16:52:44 PST From: Nathalie=Ferrero%InstSrvs%OCC@banyan.cccd.edu Subject: ESL Content-Length: 1908 Don Pierstorff and Nicholas Winters are two composition instructors at my institution whose backgrounds are in rhetoric and linguistics. Cooperatively, Don and Nick are developing a new course to serve as a bridge for advanced-level ESL students who will be taking freshman composition. For this new course they are compiling a list of nouns (direct objects) that take one and only one verb, i.e., to commit a crime to declare war to propose a toast to do homework to shed a tear This is the list so far. Would/could anyone or everyone like to add their own to this? In addition, do any rules govern these usages? If you feel compelled to contribute, you may e-mail me on or off the list. We will post the compilation to EDNET if anyone is interested. Thanks in advance for your replies. :) Nathalie ****************************************************************** Nathalie Ferrero * * * * * * Orange Coast College * * * * * * Instructional Services * * * * Costa Mesa California * * * * * * * * Internet: Nathalie=Ferrero%InstSrvs%OCC@banyan.cccd.edu * * * * * * ``Visualize Whirled Peas'' * * * * * * If you think about this twice, perhaps you will think about the message twice. ****************************************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 28 Oct 1993 11:59:06 -0400 (EST) From: mmackenz Subject: Re: Vanilla/Vanella I have also noticed quite a few variations involving collapsing or otherwise altering [I] and [E]. I myself find the two alternate pronunciations of vanilla both represented in my dialect. The interesting thing in my case is that when I pronounce the "standard" [I] version the first vowel comes out like a schwa, but in the version where I pronounce it with an [E] for the final vowel, the first vowel comes out more like [I] than schwa. I also collapse [E] to [I] in prenasal contexts and in some pre-liquid contexts. This is my East Tennessee heritage coming through again. I have heard the 'melk' pronunciation of 'milk' but is sounds distinctly odd to my ears. I wonder where that variation might be centered geographically speaking? Mike MacKenzie mmackenz@indiana.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 16:07:26 +0000 (GMT) From: K.D.Glover@durham.ac.uk Subject: Q: Transcribing program? Hello! I am a pragmatics research student doing conversational analysis on a large amount of natural language data. I am wondering if anyone knows of any computer program which will assist me in typing out the transcribed data into the appropriate format. For example, if I make a change, the program would need to similtaneously adjust the rest of the data to that change. I would appreciate any suggestions. Kelly Glover Dept. of Linguistics University of Durham Elvet Riverside, New Elvet Durham, DH1 3JT UK -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 11:14:00 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Body Parts -> Pre/Postpositions In languages where pre or postpositions are etymologically derived from body part terms, does anybody know of one where 'chest' gets to mean 'near, close to'? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-924. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-925. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 99 Subject: 4.925 Qs: Cook, Huff, Pay for informants, Borsley, Myth Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 1993 07:41:46 +0500 (EST) From: Robert Howren Subject: Trying to locate 2) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 14:25:52 CST From: susan@utafll.uta.edu (Susan Herring) Subject: pay scale for native speaker transcribers 3) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 07:52:02 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Bob Borsley 4) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:47:22 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Myths about Language -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 1993 07:41:46 +0500 (EST) From: Robert Howren Subject: Trying to locate I'm trying to locate two linguists, William Cook and Charles Huff, who worked on Eastern Cherokee in North Carolina in the 1970's. I would appreciate hearing from anyone on LINGUIST who might point me in their directions. -- Bob Howren Linguistics, UNC at Chapel Hill r_howren@unc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 14:25:52 CST From: susan@utafll.uta.edu (Susan Herring) Subject: pay scale for native speaker transcribers I'm projecting a budget to hire native speakers to transcribe a large corpus of tape-recorded telephone conversations in Tamil. What is the going rate at American universities for hiring transcribers? In addition to being native speakers, the transcribers would have some linguistic training, and would be required to transcribe phonemically from spoken Tamil into romanized written Tamil, entering the data into a computerized database. A related question concerns the pay scale for translators (this would be for the same corpus). I'd appreciate hearing from anyone who's had any experience in either of these matters. Susan Herring susan@utafll.uta.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 07:52:02 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Bob Borsley Does anybody have an email address for Bob Borsley, Bangor, Wales, UK. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:47:22 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Myths about Language Does anybody have--or know of--a handy collection of myths about language that could be cited in print? I mean the sort of thing that includes Eskimo snow words, the "fact" that African languages have no abstract terms and only a few hundred words, or that Elizabethan English is alive and well in the Ozarks. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-925. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-926. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 228 Subject: 4.926 Call: Workshop on Speech Synthesis Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 22:13:25 -0500 From: rws@habanero.research.att.com (Richard Sproat) Subject: Second ESCA/IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 22:13:25 -0500 From: rws@habanero.research.att.com (Richard Sproat) Subject: Second ESCA/IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis SECOND ESCA/IEEE WORKSHOP ON SPEECH SYNTHESIS September 12-15, 1994 Mohonk Mountain House New Paltz, New York U.S.A. Advance Notice, Preliminary Registration and Call for Papers AIM OF THE WORKSHOP The workshop is intended to attract an international audience and will focus on the application of novel and theoretically interest- ing techniques to text-to-speech systems. Attendees will be chosen by an international scientific committee from 400-800 word abstracts. We plan to invite up to 150 participants for a three- day workshop combining paper and poster presentations with exten- sive discussions. WORKSHOP THEMES We hope to encourage exchange of ideas and techniques in the fol- lowing areas: o Innovative signal processing techniques for synthesis. o Methods for producing optimal inventories for concatenative systems and for computing trajectories for formant or articu- latory synthesis. o The computation of prosodic variation (phrasing, accent, intensity and timing) from text or context analysis. o Models of fundamental frequency, timing and amplitude varia- tion. o Multi-lingual synthesis. o Message-to-speech generation systems. o Novel applications of speech synthesis. o Evaluation strategies for synthesis. SUBMISSION OF ABSTRACTS/PAPERS Abstracts should be 400-800 words long, and should include title, author(s), affiliation(s), and the telephone number, fax, and e- mail address of the author to be notified. Electronic submissions are strongly encouraged. Abstracts will be accepted for oral or poster presentation. Authors of accepted abstracts will be asked to submit short papers to be published in the conference proceed- ings. REGISTRATION FEES The cost of the workshop will be $750 US ($650 US for students). This includes the price of food and lodging. (Dinner will be served on the day of arrival, but not on the day of departure.) There will be a $50 US discount for early payments (before April 15). We prefer payment in the form of a foreign draft (in US Dol- lars) payable on a US bank. International money orders or direct wire transfers (in US Dollars) can be accepted, but must include an additional $10 US. All should be payable to: ESCA/IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis Account number: 0035081135 Summit Bank Bank number: 021202609 Summit, NJ 07901, U.S.A. A limited number of student fellowships will be available; selection will be based on quality of submitted abstracts. WORKSHOP SITE The meeting will be held in the Mohonk Mountain House, a national historic landmark resort hotel about 100 miles north of New York City, in a hilly region of rural New York State. Attendance at the workshop is limited to about 150 participants, for reasons of space. Preference for attendance will be given to those whose abstracts are accepted. INVITED SPEAKERS Mary Beckman Ohio State University, USA David Pisoni Indiana University, USA INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Gerard Bailly Institut de la Communication Parl'ee, France Christian Benoit Institut de la Communication Parl'ee, France Jared Bernstein SRI International, USA Lou Boves Nijmegen University, The Netherlands Rene Collier IPO, Netherlands Bjorn Granstrom KTH, Sweden Sue Hertz Eloquent Technology, USA Merle Horne Lund University, Sweden Jill House University College London, UK Klaus Kohler Universitat Kiel, Germany Bob Ladd Edinburgh University, UK John Local York University, UK Marian Macchi Bellcore, USA Sieb Nooteboom Utrecht University, The Netherlands Janet Pierrehumbert Northwestern University, USA Yoshinori Sagisaka ATR, Japan Chilin Shih AT&T Bell Laboratories, USA David Talkin Entropic Research Laboratory, USA ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Julia Hirschberg, julia@research.att.com, 908-582-7496 Jan van Santen, jphvs@research.att.com, 908-582-2551 Richard Sproat, rws@research.att.com, 908-582-5296 HONORARY CHAIR Joseph Olive AT&T Bell Laboratories, USA IMPORTANT DATES January 7, 1994: Preliminary registration and deadline for submis- sion of titles and abstracts. March 25: Notification of acceptance. April 15: Deadline for discount registration fee. June 25: Deadline for submission of camera-ready papers and regis- tration payment. September 12-15: Workshop on speech synthesis. SPONSORING ORGANIZATIONS We are grateful to the following organizations for sponsoring the workshop: The European Speech Communication Association (ESCA), The American Association for Artificial Intelligence (AAAI), and The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). __________________________________________________________________ Second ESCA Workshop on Speech Synthesis 12-15 September 1994 Mohonk Mountain House New Paltz, New York, USA Preliminary registration Submission of title and abstract Name: Affiliation: Mailing address: Phone: Fax: E-mail: I would like to participate in the ESCA Workshop on speech syn- thesis as a: [] full participant [] student. Student ID #: [] I am an ESCA member. Membership #: [] An abstract of 400-800 words is: [] included (5 copies) [] sent by E-mail Title: Preferred presentation: [] oral [] poster [] either. [] Payment made. Amount: $ US, by: [] US bank draft [] money order [] wire transfer. Please complete this form, and send it to arrive no later than January 7, 1994. Mailing address: ESCA/IEEE Workshop on Speech Synthesis AT&T Bell Laboratories 600 Mountain Avenue, Room 2D-451 Murray Hill, New Jersey 07974-0636, USA synth@research.att.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-926. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-927. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 72 Subject: 4.927 Call: Anaphoric Relations Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 05 Nov 93 11:20:49 +0100 From: Guido Vanden Wyngaerd Subject: Anaphoric relations Conference -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 05 Nov 93 11:20:49 +0100 From: Guido Vanden Wyngaerd Subject: Anaphoric relations Conference Is it a call for papers ? Of course, this is not a correct question as it stands. But why isn't it? What's wrong with it? Why are you so tempted to change it in this? If you think there is something missing here, what is? And why does Is this a call for papers seem a complete utterance? Anaphors like it and this are not the empty words some authors seem to believe they are. They create expectations of coherence and effects of incoherence when they are not correctly used. These observations suggest a series of questions : - What are anaphors? - Is there a difference between anaphora and deixis? - What exactly is the distinction between syntactically bound and discourse anaphors? - What is the linguistic meaning of these anaphoric words? - Is there a distinction between this linguistic meaning and what enables them to identify a referent? - What is it then that enables them to create expectations and effects of (in)coherence? These and other questions will constitute the topic of the conference on ANAPHORIC RELATIONS AND (IN)COHERENCE which will be organised by the Belgian circle of linguistics, Travaux de linguistique at the University of Antwerp (UIA) from 1 to 3 december 1994. The conference will include lectures on the semantics and pragmatics of anaphors (nominal or temporal) in general and on their contrbution to the creation of (in) coherence in particular. Authors are requested to submit four copies of a one-page abstract before April 1, 1994 to Walter De Mulder and Liliane Tasmowski-De Ryck Anaphoric Relations and (in)coherence UIA - ROM Universiteitsplein 1 B-2610 Wilrijk Belgium. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-927. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-928. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 102 Subject: 4.928 Calls: Tense and Aspect; Child language Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 14:45:10 +0100 From: aslan@eli.ens-fcl.fr Subject: Conference sur temps et aspect 2) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 09:28:25 PST From: Child Language Research Forum Subject: Child Language -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 04 Nov 93 14:45:10 +0100 From: aslan@eli.ens-fcl.fr Subject: Conference sur temps et aspect Le CELENS (Centre d'Etudes Linguistiaues de l'ENS) organise une journee de conferences intitulee TEMPS ET ASPECT, ASPECTS DU TEMPS le vendredi 26 Novembre 1993 de 9h30 a 17h30 Programme: Robert MARTIN (Universite Paris IV, INALF) : Temps et aspects : theories et concepts. Jean CERVONI (Universite de Nantes) : Une approche psychomecanique : la theorie guillaumienne. Pierre LE GOFFIC (Universite Paris III) : Les temps et le temps. Jacqueline AUTHIER (Universite Paris III) : Jeux meta-enonciatifs avec le temps. Lieu : ENS Fontenay-aux-Roses, Salle des Colloques, 31 avenue Lombart, 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses. Acces : RER B, direction Robinson. Renseignements supplementaires : aslan@eli.ens-fcl.fr -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 09:28:25 PST From: Child Language Research Forum Subject: Child Language CALL FOR PAPERS 26th Annual STANFORD CHILD LANGUAGE RESEARCH FORUM STANFORD UNIVERSITY, APRIL 16--18, 1994 The 26th annual meeting of the Child Language Research Forum will be held on April 15-17, 1994, at Stanford University. The Organizing Committee welcomes abstracts for papers and posters on any topic within first language acquisition, from sociolinguistic studies of requests to the acquisition of consonant clusters, from crosslinguistic studies of locatives to the factors governing pronoun forms, or from constraints on lexical acquisition to the role of prosody in the acquisition of syntax. Abstract submissions should include: Ten (10) copies of a one-page, double-spaced abstract of the paper, preferably in 12-point font or type, with a title. OMIT name and affiliation. A 3" by 5" card with the title of the paper and the name(s) of the author(s), address and email address, and specifying any necessary AV equipment. We can provide projectors for slides or transparencies ONLY if we know what you will need. A self-addressed, stamped postcard if you wish to be notified that your abstract has been received. Abstracts should be postmarked by January 10, 1994. PLEASE MAIL EARLY! No late abstracts will be accepted. Abstract Preparation Guidelines: All research must be completed (ie. no promissory abstracts). No papers already presented at other conferences will be accepted. Only one paper per author or co-author will be accepted, although abstracts for more than one paper may be submitted. Abstracts should contain: a statement of the hypothesis, a brief account of the study performed, data and results, and a summary of the conclusions reached. Send abstracts to: CLRF-94 Department of Linguistics, Building 100 Stanford, CA 94305-2150, USA Phone: (415) 723-4284 LINGUIST List: Vol-4-928. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-929. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 99 Subject: 4.929 Call for Student Reviewers: Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 15:42:45 GMT From: Zazie Todd Subject: CALL FOR (GRAD STUDENT) REVIEWERS -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 2 Nov 93 15:42:45 GMT From: Zazie Todd Subject: CALL FOR (GRAD STUDENT) REVIEWERS Please pass this on to any grad students you know who might be interested in this... Cheers, Zazie Todd Psychology, Nottingham University, UK. kzt@psyc.nott.ac.uk ****CALL FOR COMMENTAT0RS*** Peer reviewers are sought for the following paper which has been accepted to the Psycholinguistics volume of The Psychology Graduate Student Journal. The abstract can be found below, and will also be available from the PSYCGRAD gopher (panda1.uottawa.ca 4010) or by ftp from aix1.uottawa.ca in /u/ftp/pub/psycgrad. If you would like to provide a commentary on this paper, please contact me at either: kzt@psychology.nottingham.ac.uk or: lpzkzt@unicorn.nottingham.ac.uk for further information! The deadline for commentaries is November 30th 1993. Cheers, Zazie Todd Psycholinguistics Editor, The PSYCGRAD Journal A Functional Theory of Creative Reading * Kenneth Moorman and Ashwin Ram Georgia Institute of Technology College of Computing Atlanta, GA 30332-0280 (404) 853-9381 (404) 853-9372 {kennethm,ashwin}@cc.gatech.edu October 29, 1993 Abstract Reading is an area of human cognition which has been studied for decades by psychologists, education researchers, and artificial intelligence researchers. Yet, there still does not exist a theory which accurately describes the complete process. We believe that these past attempts fell short due to an incomplete understanding of the overall task of reading; namely, the complete set of mental tasks a reasoner must perform to read and the mechanisms that carry out these tasks. We present a functional theory of the reading process and argue that it represents a coverage of the task. The theory combines experimental results from psychology, artificial intelligence, education, and linguistics, along with the insights we have gained from our own research. This greater understanding of the mental tasks necessary for reading will enable new natural language understanding systems to be more flexible and more capable than earlier ones. Furthermore, we argue that creativity is a necessary component of the reading process and must be considered in any theory or system attempting to describe it. We present a functional theory of creative reading and a novel knowledge organization scheme that supports the creativity mechanisms. The reading theory is currently being implemented in the ISAAC (Integrated Story Analysis And Creativity) system, a computer system which reads science fiction stories. ------------------------------------------------------ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-929. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-930. Sat 06 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 247 Subject: 4.930 Survey: Translators and Interpreters Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:10:41 EST From: ag684@freenet.carleton.ca (Gilles Dignard) Subject: Survey -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:10:41 EST From: ag684@freenet.carleton.ca (Gilles Dignard) Subject: Survey TRANSFORUM Translators' and Interpreters' Forum A survey TO ALL TRANSLATORS AND INTERPRETERS TO ALL THOSE INTERESTED IN TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING There is an active and apparently growing community of several hundred translators and interpreters here on CompuServe, which has made an electronic "home" in Section 11 (Translators) of the CIS forum FLEFO. This forum has proven itself to be an invaluable source of information and place of companionship amongst translators and interpreters, attracting a congenial and international crowd. Its success has been greatly helped along by the excellent guidance of Sysop Jerry Ervin and Cosysop Doug Lacey. A recent demonstration at the American Translators Association meeting in Philadelphia has revealed great interest FLEFO and its "Translators" section. Recently, a few members of FLEFO have been speculating on whether opening a separate Translators' and Interpreters' Forum (which has been tentatively dubbed TRANSFORUM) might be a viable proposition both in terms of potential benefits to the translators' and interpreters' community and in terms of its technical and economical feasibility. The various pros and cons of opening a dedicated forum and of our chances for growth within either FLEFO or a future TRANSFORUM have been discussed at length. In order to find out whether such a new forum would be feasible and attractive, or whether we should rather not pursue this at the moment, we need your input. If this is the first time you heard about our translators' corner on FLEFO, why don't you take a moment to check it out? Just GO FLEFO at any ! prompt (or use the Go... command on your navigator, or join FLEFO using your offline reader) and download the messages in Section 11. At the end of this questionnaire you will find a proposal for a possible breakdown of sections, which might give you an idea of what a TRANSFORUM might be like. ----------------------------------------------------------- The following questionnaire is designed to help us evaluate the potential of a possible future Translators' and Interpreters' Forum (TRANSFORUM). Please take a few moments to answer these questions. You may return this questionnaire by E-mail to: Per N Dohler [100135,1412]. If you do not wish to indicate your name or CompuServe user ID, please feel free to omit this information. We will not assume that the CIS ID you send the questionnaire from is yours. Alternately, you may send your anonymous questionnaire by fax to the following number: 011 49 4137 1452 (from the U.S. and Canada) 04137 1452 (from Germany) 4137 1452 (from all other countries) All information given will be used exclusively for the purpose of this survey. The content of the questionnaires will be kept strictly confidential and destroyed after being evaluated for the purposes of this survey. In no event will the information be made accessible to any third parties. We appreciate your help. Please return the questionnaires by November 15. You will find the results of our survey published in Section 11 (Translators) of the FLEFO forum. You will save yourself and us a little money if you delete everything above START QUESTIONNAIRE and below END QUESTIONNAIRE before you send it to us. Thank you! Per N. Dohler START QUESTIONNAIRE ======================================= .....1 .....Please state your name and user ID [OPTIONAL] .....Please name the state of the US/province of Canada/ .....foreign country you're live in. .....2 .....Are you a translator/interpreter? (If not, skip to .....3) .....If so, are you employed, working freelance, or other? .....If so, are you working full-time or part-time 3 .....Which languages do you know/use/need? .....Which ones of these do you work with? .....4 .....Do you know FLEFO? (If not: Skip to .....6) .....When did you first hear of FLEFO .....How often do you access FLEFO? .....How much time do you spend ONLINE on FLEFO (minutes/week)? .....How much time do you spend OFFLINE dealing with FLEFO .....(reading, answering, etc.) (minutes/week) .....5 .....Do you know Section 11 (Translators)? .....(If not: Skip to .....6) .....How often do you access this section? .....How much time do you spend ONLINE in this section .....(minutes/week)? .....How much time do you spend OFFLINE with this section .....(reading, answering, etc.) (minutes/week) .....6 .....Do you feel you could benefit from a dedicated .....Translators' and Interpreters' Forum (TRANSFORUM)? .....If so, in what way? .....7 .....If yes, in what way, and if not, why not? .....8 .....Here you can offer any remarks, insights, ideas, .....misgivings, etc.: Thank you for completing this Questionnaire! If you have deleted the top portion and no longer know whom to send it to: The address is "Per N. Dohler [100135,1412]" END QUESTIONNAIRE ========================================= This is how a Translators' and Interpreters' Forum (TRANSFORUM) could be structured. Per Dohler is responsible for this draft, but has tried to incorporate all ideas that came up on FLEFO. 1 General matters of interest 2 Forum Help 3 Urgent Translation Queries "Help [] ||" ----- 4 Professional organizations (e.g. ATA) ----- 5 Freelance translators Aspects of the office, customer relations, etc. 6 Salaried translators Aspects of employer/emplyoee relationships 7 Interpreters 8 Agencies ----- 9 Content tools Dictionaries, other reference works, CD-ROMs, etc. 10 Form tools Word processing, DTP, graphics, etc. 11 Machine translation ----- 12 Ethical matters 13 Legal matters ----- 14 New members/New CVs 15 Job/assignment offers - Help wanted ----- 16 Classifieds: Bought, Sold, Organized Reference works, hardware, software, etc. or asking for things you can't get in your country ----- 17 Anecdotes/Gossip Everyone is sure to download THIS ONE regularly! And here is a voice from FLEFO that sums up the current ambivalent state of the discussion rather concisely, an ambivalence that this questionnaire is hoped to help overcome: >>The "Transforum" idea obviously has some support, but so does the idea that we should exploit the success gained here in FLEFO. Points to consider seem to include the possibility of multiple sections in "Transforum," not oriented to language groups as here; the criterion, used by CIS in approving new forums, that the new arrangement should attract additional subscribers, not just redistribute present CIS traffic; the desirability of a forum set up and run solely for (and indeed possibly by) translators; the known reluctance of our colleagues (and, to be honest, of ourselves) to experiment with new services; the potential for a new forum to become a meetingplace for translators' regional/national associations too; the awareness that translator traffic on CIS right now is in the neighborhood of only 350 postings a week; and so forth.<< (Ben Teague) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-930. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-931. Tue 09 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 106 Subject: 4.931 Qs: /ai/-Raising, Black English, Stranded Prepositions Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:49:36 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: /ai/-raising 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 15:52:28 EST From: USERZ3NA@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Black English Vernacular 3) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 1993 12:50:06 -0800 (PST) From: Frederick Newmeyer Subject: Stranded prepositions 4) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 13:36:58 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Whereabouts of Sandy Steever -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 93 09:49:36 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: /ai/-raising This is directed to those who are familiar with the American or Canadian dialects of English which have different vowels in 'writer' (a raised one) and 'rider' (a lower one). Does anybody by any chance have the lower vowel in the second part of the word 'typewriter'? (In other words, does anybody say it as though it were 'typerider')? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 15:52:28 EST From: USERZ3NA@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Please post the following message for me I am attempting to compile a bibliography of African-American English (or Black Enlish Vernacular, or whatever term you prefer) for myself. I am both interested in a general bibliography and one that relates to the particular issue of ritual insults. Smitherman and Labov both worked on the issue of ritual insults the 70's but I have not seen anything recently. Does this phenomen still exist; and has anyone studied it recently. I would also be interested in knowing if the phenomenon of ritual insults exists in other languages/cultures than black America. Thank-you Scott Baxter graduate student linguistics program Wayne State University Email address: userz3na@mts.cc.wayne.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 1993 12:50:06 -0800 (PST) From: Frederick Newmeyer Subject: Stranded prepositions I would appreciate receiving literature references to the 'Stranded Preposition' construction in English: 'Who did you talk to?', 'The bed was slept in', etc. I am interested in the history of the construction, in grammatical analyses from both a 'formalist' and a 'functionalist' perspective, in its acquisition by children, and in knowing about its relative frequency cross-linguistically. Please reply directly to me. I will summarize my replies. Thank you. Fritz Newmeyer University of Washington, Seattle fjn@u.washington.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 13:36:58 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Whereabouts of Sandy Steever Does anybody know anything about the whereabouts, electronic or otherwise, of Sandy Steever, the Dravidianist? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-931. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-932. Tue 09 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 101 Subject: 4.932 Qs: Structural Restatement, Divergence, Hmong, Texts Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 08:54:50 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Structural Restatements 2) Date: Sun, 07 Nov 93 11:09:39 EST From: MICHELE KILGORE Subject: Convergence/Divergence 3) Date: Sun Nov 7 12:53:26 CST 1993 From: mbalhorn@uwspmail.uwsp.edu Subject: Hmong language 4) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 08:56:21 -0500 From: hmcgarre@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Hedy M. McGarrell) Subject: Intro to General Linguistics - Humanities Perspective -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 08:54:50 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Structural Restatements Does anybody know who started the "structural restatements" which the post-Bloomfieldians were famous for, structuralist reanalyses of earlier descriptions of various languages? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 07 Nov 93 11:09:39 EST From: MICHELE KILGORE Subject: Convergence/Divergence For a research project, am looking for verbal cues to convergence and divergenc e. Any suggestions appreciated. Wiil post answers if anyone else is interested. Thanks. Michele Kilgore -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sun Nov 7 12:53:26 CST 1993 From: mbalhorn@uwspmail.uwsp.edu Subject: Hmong language Can anyone recommend a good text or articles outlining the sound system and syntax of Hmong? My interests are practicle in that I teach Intro to Linguistics to prospective ESL teachers whose students will likely include lots of Hmong. Consequently, I would like something descriptive as opposed to theoretical, something that would provide grist for discussions comparing the sound system and clausal structure of Hmong with those of English. Thanks, Mark Balhorn University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point mbalhorn@uwspmail.uwsp.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 08:56:21 -0500 From: hmcgarre@spartan.ac.BrockU.CA (Hedy M. McGarrell) Subject: Intro to General Linguistics - Humanities Perspective What additional sources can members of this list recommend that would give an Introduction to General Linguistics (text: Fromkin and Rodman) a clear humanities orientation? Thanks for any suggestions you can offer Hedy. ><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><><>< Hedy McGarrell, Department of Applied Language Studies, Brock University hmcgarre@spartan.ac.BrockU.ca 416-688-5550 ext. 3374 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-932. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-933. Tue 09 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 167 Subject: 4.933 Do Support, One Verb Objects, Negatives Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 10:13:16 PST From: Richard Wojcik Subject: Re: 4.914 Sum: Do-Support 2) Date: 8 Nov 93 12:09:00 -0500 From: David.Wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov Subject: One-verb objects? 3) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 10:37:57 EST From: amy uhrbach Subject: nouns that take 1 verb?? 4) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 17:55:46 +0000 (GMT) From: Lindsay Endell Subject: So Don't I -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 93 10:13:16 PST From: Richard Wojcik Subject: Re: 4.914 Sum: Do-Support In his summary on DO SUPPORT, Steven Schaufele wrote: >Rick Wojcik sent me an updated version of >a paper i had heard him give at the 1986 LSA Annual Meeting (back when they >were at the end, rather than the beginning, of the year!), 'Against the SVO >Hypothesis for VSO Languages', which he felt might be tangentially relevant >because most of his argument depends on the Breton equivalent of Do-Support >(which differs in many particulars from the phenomenon in English; for >instance, in Breton Do-Support does not occur in negatives while in English >that is one of its normal environments). I just want to clarify my feelings about Breton. I would say that it is directly relevant to English DO SUPPORT in the sense that it serves as a true dummy carrier of tense. DO SUPPORT does crop up in tags, just as in English, but it has a different syntactic distribution otherwise. I am of the opinion that Breton *may* be the only other language in the world with true DO SUPPORT, in the sense that the form serves purely as a carrier of tense. (This may just reflect my ignorance of the vast majority of languages out there.) The problem is that people tend to confuse auxiliary 'do' with activity 'do' (a la Haj Ross). I do not believe, for example, that 'do' in Welsh can cooccur with stative verbs like 'know', whereas it can in Breton. I have no doubt that Breton 'do', like English 'do', evolved historically out of pseudo-clefts containing activity 'do', but the Breton auxiliary no longer retains the same semantics in those constructions. BTW, for those who might be interested in the influence of language contact, the Breton auxiliary is largely a calque of the French auxiliary, complete with compound tenses. There are some vestiges of what I take to be the native Celtic structure--i.e. the kind of periphrastic auxiliary structure that you get in Welsh and Irish. Auxiliary 'do' seems to be an innovation that came into being independently of French or English influence. At least, that is my educated guess. Rick Wojcik (rwojcik@boeing.com) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 8 Nov 93 12:09:00 -0500 From: David.Wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov Subject: One-verb objects? Nathalie, Your list of objects occurring with only one verb seems to omit many other verbs that are also used with these objects. For instance: to commit a crime to witness a crime to solve a crime to report a crime to plan/plot a crime to prosecute a crime to declare war to wage war to love/hate war to propose/instigate/avoid war to think/breath war (rather poetic, but not unusual) to foresee/predict war to propose a toast to drink a toast to offer a toast to word a toast (e.g., "He worded his toast cautiously.") to do homework to assign homework to correct homework to collect/pick up/hand in homework to avoid homework to shed a tear to wipe (off/away) a tear to see a tear (on his face) to analyse a tear (chemically) to force a tear to hide a tear You (or your colleagues) might rather start with idiomatic or frozen forms, such as "troth", in the sentence, "I plight thee my troth" (from wedding ceremonies). --David N. Wigtil, ER Network Support, U. S. Department of Energy david.wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov 301-903-7327 72331.1732@compuserve.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 10:37:57 EST From: amy uhrbach Subject: nouns that take 1 verb?? Re: nouns that take only one verb: "war" does not fit in this category, as one can also wage war, fight wars, etc. Whether such nouns can take only one semantic verb type is another question. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 4 Nov 1993 17:55:46 +0000 (GMT) From: Lindsay Endell Subject: So Don't I In response to John Lawler's views on 'so don't I' (4.909), Id like to jump in fairly early (with both feet probably) and say that for me his example 14 causes no problems: (14) He can't touch the ceiling and neither can't I I don't know whether I'd say it (I've been thinking about it for too long now) but I don't think I'd have a problem if anyone else said it or if I read it. I can have a negative in both clauses provided that 'so' is acting in the same way as 'too' or 'neither'. It doesn't work for me where 'so' acts like 'therefore' eg She can't stand spiders and so can't I. That's probably a really simplistic explanation of how I feel about 'so don't I' but having spent ages trying the phrases out and trying to mail to Linguist I've run out of oomph... Anyone feel the same as me or am I, erm, unique? Is it because I'm English and have different intuitions about and uses of 'English' from an American? Lindsay Endell lie1@tower.york.ac.uk -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-933. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-934. Tue 09 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 222 Subject: 4.934 Psycholinguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 1993 09:36:31 +0800 From: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw (Sam Wang) Subject: Re: 4.920 Psycholinguistics 2) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 14:23:28 -0600 (CST) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: linguistics and psychology 3) Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1993 15:39:24 -0500 (CDT) From: DEDDINGTON@ACAD1.MTSU.EDU Subject: Re: Psycholinguistics 4) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1993 14:17:38 GMT+0200 From: Esa Itkonen Subject: psycholinguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 6 Nov 1993 09:36:31 +0800 From: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw (Sam Wang) Subject: Re: 4.920 Psycholinguistics > From: Vicki Fromkin > > Grammaticality judgements are of course performance judgements but > must in a very direct way reflect stored knowledge or I-Language. Experimental > results may or may not reflect such knowledge and it is important to > understand what other factors may be involved in obtaining such data, > including short term memory, attentional aspects, real-time processing > factors, etc etc etc. But we are beginning to see interesting experiments > that are able to pull apart these different aspects of linguistic performance. > Aren't linguists human too? Don't they have to consider such factors as short term memory, attentional aspects, real-time processing factors, etc etc etc when making these 'grammatical judgements'? What makes these linguists so special? Is it because of their training (as Newmeyer would say)? Won't these trainings bias their judgements? .............................................................................. . H. Samuel Wang . EMAIL: onghiok@ling.nthu.edu.tw . . Department of Foreign Languages . TEL: 886 35 715131 ext 4398 . . National Tsing Hua University . FAX: 885 35 718977; 886 35 725994 . . Hsin-chu, Taiwan . . .............................................................................. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 5 Nov 1993 14:23:28 -0600 (CST) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: linguistics and psychology This is a comment on the ongoing discussion about the relationship between linguistics and psychology and, in particular, on Anjum Saleemi's recent message. I, too, find it exciting and highly desirable that there is a growing interest in the psychology of language and in viewing language from the comprehensive perspective of cognitive science. However, I do not see this trend as replacing the more traditional structural approach; instead, I see the two as complementary. I would differ with Saleemi on the issue of whether describing language structure based solely on evidence from grammaticality and semantic judgments by speakers does or does not have a privileged status. While Saleemi says it does not have a privileged status, I see the structural approach as dealing with the structure of the "INSTRUMENT" and thus as an endeavor that can be carried out independently, without regard to how that instrument is IMPLEMENTED within the body-and-mind of the user and then how it is USED. In addition to seeing the structural approach as a POSSIBLE area of research, it also seems to me to provide a NECESSARY (or at least highly desirable) basis for the psychological study of language. Structural linguists can (or at least strive to) tell us what the simplest and most general linking of sound and meaning is in a language. Studies of how people actually process language can then compare their findings with the baseline provided by structural descriptions and see if there is any difference; if so, this constitutes an explanandum. For example, the fact that high-frequency inflectional forms of the irregular kind such as "am" and "are" are stored and processed by speakers as independent items is not in and of itself interesting. It becomes interesting only if we know that semantically and distributionally, they do constitute a paradigm and can therefore be reasonably expected to be stored and processed as such. Edith Moravcsik University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee (edith@convex.csd.uwm.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1993 15:39:24 -0500 (CDT) From: DEDDINGTON@ACAD1.MTSU.EDU Subject: Re: Psycholinguistics On several occasions, the psychological validity of generative grammars has been challenged on the grounds that the grammars are not supported by external evidence. I agree with Vicki Fromkin, that external evidence is not necessarily more revealing than internal evidence. It is correct to assume that once all the available evidence has been gathered, and it supports a given theoretical construct, one may safely conclude that the construct is real. What many see, however, is that generative theories are almost entirely based on internal evidence. In very few cases has external evidence played a part in the construction of generative grammars. As Sam Wang noted, a true incorporation of all the available evidence does not, of course, mean that evidence of one type, or from one source, is accepted if it corroborates the theory, and if it does not, it is ignored. Unfortunately, this is precisely the manner in which external evidence is treated in many generative analyses. Once both the internal and external evidence support a given theoretical entity, much more of a case may be made for the reality of the entity. The current scarcity of external evidence may be attributed to Chomsky's writings on the subject. Chomsky's position on the value of external evidence is somewhat inconsistent. On a number of occasions, he has asked that more and varied kinds of evidence, including experimental evidence, be admitted into the pool of linguistic evidence. However, he doesn't hold external evidence in very high regard: As an objection of a narrower sort, one can take it seriously as an argument that the evidential base is too narrow to carry conviction; one who believes this might ask what other kinds of evidence would strengthen or undermine the theories we are led to construct on the basis of the (not inconsiderable) evidence that we can now readily obtain. In practice, what has been produced along these lines HAS NOT BEEN VERY INFORMATIVE, but certainly any improvement in this regard will be welcome. (1986. _Knowledge of language_. p. 260. emphasis is mine) In theory, Chomsky invites all kinds of evidence, but in practice he finds only a restricted kind of evidence truly compelling. A similar contradiction exists in Chomsky's opinion about the utility of intuitive judgements. At one point, he appears to concede that too much emphasis has been put on intuitive judgements as the sole source of evidence: "It just seems absurd to restrict linguistics to the study of introspective judgements, as is very commonly done" (1982. _The generative enterprise_. p. 33). Yet, later he declares that they alone constitute ample evidence: Perhaps the fear is that the evidence is "all of the same sort," primarily informant judgements, and that other types of evidence are necessary. As an objection of principle, this is plainly without merit; these phenomena certainly constitute evidence, and in fact the evidence they provide DOES SUFFICE to confirm or to refute proposed theories and even leads to empirical theories of some scope and depth. (1986. _Knowledge of language_. p. 260. emphasis is mine) The only real solution is to actively seek both types of evidence before assuming psychological import. David Eddington -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1993 14:17:38 GMT+0200 From: Esa Itkonen Subject: psycholinguistics Is linguistics just a subbranch of psychology? Before you succumb to the knee-jerk reaction and emit 'Yes!', consider the following. First, there are those who, like Panini or Montague, systematize the intuitive notion of 'grammatical (and meaningful) sentence', while paying no attention to, and even going against, any reasonable hypotheses about psychological structures and/or processes and who, nevertheless, achieve exemplary results. Second, there are those who, while claiming to be doing psychological/psycholinguistic research, are in practice doing research `a la Panini/Montague. Third, there are those who both claim to be doing and are in fact doing psycholinguistic (= preferably experimental) research. At first blush, all this may seem puzzling. (HINT: accept the existence of dissimilar objectives, but reject contradiction between words and deeds.) But, as if this were not complicated enough, you must also consider that (pre-experimental) intuition sets definite limits to experimentation: if in one particular experiment you get the result that the English 'dog' means the same thing as the German 'aber' or means nothing at all, you do not discard your hypothesis (whatever it is), but you discard the test person. Anjum Saleemi reports that "this line of reasoning...has been bothering me lately", and (s)he hopes that it "isn't entirely alien to the thinking of many other members of the field either." Now, apart from the fact that I am not sure who is or is not a member of the FIELD, I trust that Anjum Saleemi will be delighted to hear that the very same problems were bothering many people already in the mid-seventies, and intensely so. I can recall without effort at least the following names: Botha, Derwing, Kac, Lass, Linell, Ringen. In those days, several arguments and counter-arguments were offered for and against various versions of (anti-)psychologism. For my part, I dealt with these problems and their ramifications in two books (totalling 687 pages). During the last ten years I haven't come across any new arguments. But let every generation reinvent the wheel; and forget about progress (speaking of which, I must admit that in my own posting a couple of weeks ago I seem to have misconstrued the meaning of David Pesetsky's somewhat earlier message). Esa Itkonen -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-934. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-935. Thu 11 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 175 Subject: 4.935 Confs: Natural Language Processing Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [Moderators' note: we'd appreciate your limiting conference announcements to 150 lines, so that we can post more than 1 per issue. Please consider omitting information useful only to attendees, such as information on housing, transportation, or rooms and times of sessions. Thank you for your cooperation.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 10:15:21 -0500 From: Jill C Burstein Subject: Natural Language Processing -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 10:15:21 -0500 From: Jill C Burstein Subject: Natural Language Processing ********************************************************* * * * The Educational Testing Service * * Conference on Natural Language Processing Techniques * * in Assessment and Education * * * ********************************************************* ***CONFERENCE ANNOUNCEMENT*** Dates: May 18th - 19th, 1994 Location: Chauncey Conference Center Educational Testing Service Rosedale Road Princeton, New Jersey 08541 Conference Purpose: Natural Language Processing Techniques have been found to be increasingly useful in the domains of assessment and education. The purpose of this conference is to bring together researchers from both the NLP, and assessment and education communities and to share ideas about how NLP techniques can be implemented to aid in tasks for assessment and education. Speakers are being invited from industry and academia to discuss their research and applications of NLP in assessment and education. We anticipate that the conference will encourage on-going discussion between the NLP, and assessment and education communities. Topics: * NLP Techniques for Assessment of Natural Language Responses to Test Items * Computer-Aided Design in Education * Automatic Spelling Correction for Automated Scoring of Natural Language Responses * Intelligent Tutors The conference will be held at the Chauncey Conference Center on ETS' Princeton campus. Chauncey Conference Center has rooms for conference guests who choose to stay overnight. The price of the conference varies depending on the type of accommodations requested. Prices for DAY GUESTS and OVERNIGHT GUESTS are the following. DAY GUESTS: OVERNIGHT GUESTS: (1-DAY Complete Package) $60.00 includes: $225/single Continental Breakfast $170/twin Lunch ----------------------- Coffee Break Dinner Meeting Overnight Dinner ($28.00 extra) Continental Breakfast Lunch Coffee Break Meeting COSTS FOR ENTIRE CONFERENCE: DAY GUEST: $120: 2 Days OVERNIGHT GUEST: $285 (single): 1-DAY COMPLETE MEETING PACKAGE + 1 DAY $230 (twin): 1-DAY COMPLETE MEETING PACKAGE + 1 DAY Registration is limited. Please return Reply Form and address inquiries to either Corrine Cohen, Eleanore DeYoung or Jill Burstein at the following addresses: Corrine Cohen Mailstop 16-R Educational Testing Service Rosedale Road Princeton, NJ 08541 phone: (609) 734-1108 Eleanore DeYoung Mailstop 17-R Educational Testing Service Rosedale Rd. Princeton, NJ 08541 e-mail: edeyoung@rosedale.org phone: (609) 734-5834 Jill Burstein* Mailstop 11-R Educational Testing Service Rosedale Rd. Princeton, NJ 08541 e-mail: jburstein@rosedale.org phone: (609) 734-5823 (*Not available between November 8, 1993 - February 1, 1994) **-------------------------------------88------------------------------- REPLY FORM Overnight guests must return Reply Form by March 15, 1994. Day guests must return Reply Form by April 18, 1994. Name: Affiliation: Address: Phone: Email: FAX: DAY GUEST I will attend for ______ day(s) at $60.00 per day. (If for one day, please specify either May 18 ___ Amount Enclosed $_________ or May 19 ___.) I would like Dinner at $28.00. $_________ OVERNIGHT GUEST I would like a 1-DAY COMPLETE PACKAGE for $225.00 (single) $_________ $170.00 (twin) $_________ (Please specify either May 18____ or May 19____.) I will attend the ENTIRE CONFERENCE for $285.00 (single) $________ $230.00 (twin) $________ Total Enclosed $________ Please make checks payable to the Educational Testing Service. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-935. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-936. Thu 11 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 134 Subject: 4.936 Qs: Corpora, Spelling Sensitive Rules, Parsing Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1993 08:36:30 -0500 (EST) From: Jeff Tennant Subject: Query: Electronic Texts in French 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 09:05:30 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Phonological or Versification Rules Sensitive to Spelling 3) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1993 12:30:58 -0500 (EST) From: kripa@cs.buffalo.edu (Kripa Sundar) Subject: Q: island-driven parsing ... 4) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1993 08:40:09 +0000 (GMT) From: M Perkins Subject: Corpora of Disordered Language -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 1993 08:36:30 -0500 (EST) From: Jeff Tennant Subject: Query: Electronic Texts in French A colleague in my Department is interested in locating sources of electronic texts in French, to be used for teaching purposes. He would appreciate any information on ways of accessing such material: literary texts, press articles, and just about anything else, provided it is in French. Please sent replies to: gholmes@uwovax.uwo.ca Glynn Holmes Department of French University of Western Ontario London Ontario, Canada N6A 3K7 Thanks. Jeff Tennant -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 09:05:30 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Q: Phonological or Versification Rules Sensitive to Spelling I am trying to collect examples of phonological rules or rules of versification that are sensitive to spelling. The sort of thing I have in mind is illustrated by the following: (a) In Polish noun stems ending in /w/ alternate with /l/ before certain suffixes, e.g., /stuw/ 'table'(nom.) but /stole/ 'table (loc.)'. However, some speakers do not use such forms unless the word in spelled with the "slashed l". Thus, words of foreign origin incl. proper names do alternate if spelled with "slashed l" (this includes words from languages using the Cyrillic alphabet as well as Mongolian) but do not if spelled with "w" or "u". In the latter case, these words have no corresponding forms at all, i.e., there are gaps in the paradigm. (b) In French, words ending in final orthographic "e" are not equivalent in terms of versification to homophonous words without the "e". For example, the two do not rhyme, and in certain cases the "e" counts as a syllable. Now, it can easily be shown that this rule refers to the spelling (rather than to so-called underlying representations) since there are examples where no phonological or morphological evidence could have determined the alleged difference in underlying representations (as has been proposed over the years by numerous generative phonologists), e.g., 'foie' "liver" and 'foi' "faith". -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1993 12:30:58 -0500 (EST) From: kripa@cs.buffalo.edu (Kripa Sundar) Subject: Q: island-driven parsing ... i am looking for references on island-driven parsing. i have only come across references from 1983 or before (WA Woods and related papers). the names i've come across so far include John Carroll and Manfred Gehrke. i am hoping to find current or recent work on this and related techniques to handle the parsing of malformed or noise-prone input. thank you. peace, --kripA -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 1993 08:40:09 +0000 (GMT) From: M Perkins Subject: Corpora of Disordered Language I'm trying to track down machine-readable corpora of disordered language - in particular that of brain-damaged adults (ie aphasia, right brain damage, head injury etc). I'm aware of the Bates 'CAP' CHILDES corpus, and the Edwards/Garman aphasic corpus at Reading University, UK, but that's all I know of for adult language. At Sheffield University, UK, we are developing an extendable machine-readable corpus of aphasic discourse which is currently in the pilot stage.We'd like to be in touch with anyone doing similar work. Mick Perkins Speech Science Unit Sheffield University, UK -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-936. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-937. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 131 Subject: 4.937 Calls: Translation And The Law, AAAS Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 20:36 AST From: M_MORRIS@UPR1.UPR.CLU.EDU Subject: TRANSLATION AND THE LAW 2) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 93 12:06 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: aaas -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 93 20:36 AST From: M_MORRIS@UPR1.UPR.CLU.EDU Subject: TRANSLATION AND THE LAW C A L L F O R P A P E R S ANNOUNCEMENT OF NEW SCHEDULE . . The Scholarly Monograph Series of the American Translators Association, under the General Editorship of Marilyn Gaddis Rose (CRIT, SUNY/Binghamton), plans to publish a volume of papers on the subject of . TRANSLATION AND THE LAW. . The ATA has now arranged for its scholarly and professional monograph series to be published by John Benjamins of Amsterdam and Philadelphia. According to the new publication schedule, this collection is to go to press in the Summer of 1994. It will address such topics as . * issues in legal translation and interpreting, . * training and experience of legal translators and interpreters, . * linguistic difficulties which arise when differing legal traditions are brought into contact, . * experience in the legal system of speakers of languages other than the predominant one, and . * legal circumstances and responsibilities of translators and interpreters. . . Proposals for contributions to this volume, or suggestions of persons with expert knowledge in these and related areas, are welcome at this time and should be sent to the editor of this volume, Marshall Morris (Graduate Program in Translation, University of Puerto Rico): . Marshall Morris TRANSLATION AND THE LAW Pelegrina 996, Santa Rita Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico 00925 Telephone: (809) 756-4093, Messages/FAX: (809) 767-3299 E-Mail: M_MORRIS@UPR1.UPR.CLU.EDU, CIS 73233,464 . Please share this information with your professional colleagues, and encourage persons with expert knowledge of these issues to propose well-grounded, sharply focussed papers for the volume. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 93 12:06 PST From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: aaas The AAAS Annual Meeting San Francisco Hilton and Towers 18-23 February 1994 CALL FOR POSTER PAPERS Although the Deadline is 15 November 1993 for printing of accepted abstracts in Meeting Handbook, abstracts will be accepted until Dec 1. Student Research AWards are given for best research abstract (1st prize $500). Students who wish to be considered should type the words "Student AwARd Entry" above their poster abstract. If anyone is interested in submitting an abstract let me know and I will send you the information re abstract format. For general information about meeeting registration and hotel reservations call or write AAAS: 1333 H Street, NW., Washington, DC 20005 phone: 202/ 326 6712 (more below) This will be the first AAAS Meeting at which the Linguistics Section Z will be holding a meeting so it is important as many linguists come to the Section Z meeting as possible: Mond Feb 21 12-2.If you are planning to attend please let me know so I can be sure to have enough coffee (and if budgete permits perhaps something to go with the coffee). I suggest you bring your lunch to the meeting. There are 3 symposia in the group under Frontiers in Psychology and Linguistics that are directly related to lx and lg: COMPARATIVE LINGUISTICS & HISTORICAL RELATIONSHIPS organized by Johanna Nichols and Lyle Campbell. Monday,Feb 21. afternoonl BRAIN, MIND, AND LANGUAGE: EVIDENCE FROM APHASIA. organized by Bill Katz Wednesday, Feb 23, morning INHERITED SPEECH & LG DISORDERS:IN SEARCH OF A PHENOTYPE (organized by Mabel L. Rice. For further information please send me an e-mail message directly: iyo1vaf@mvs.oac.ucla.edu Hope to see you first at LSA in Boston, then at AAAS in SF. Vicki Fromkin, Secretary, Linguistics Section Z, AAAS -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-937. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-938. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 156 Subject: 4.938 Jobs: Brussels, Applied, ESL, Semantics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 11:30:08 MET From: rkolins@ulb.ac.be (Kolinsky R.) Subject: postdoc 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 1993 18:18:00 -0800 From: Brian Lynch Subject: Melbourne Job again 3) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 1993 11:28:39 GMT From: Glenn Ayres Subject: Job in ESL/English composition/Linguistics 4) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 1993 19:49:32 -0500 (EST) From: BALTIN@ACFcluster.NYU.EDU Subject: Re: 4.933 Do Support, One Verb Objects, Negatives -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 93 11:30:08 MET From: rkolins@ulb.ac.be (Kolinsky R.) Subject: postdoc Brussels, November 8 Laboratoire de Psychologie experimentale Universite libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium We can offer a postdoctoral job for one year (1994) in our Lab. It concerns a project approved by the European Communities ('Human Capital and Mobility') on 'Language as a cognitive capacity; perception and acquisition'. Our partners in this project are Jacques Mehler, John Morton, Pim Levelt, Nuria Sebastian, and Luigi Rizzi. Psycholinguists as well as experimental phoneticians can be considered. Candidates **must** be citizens of one of the EC countries. If you are interested, please contact Jose Morais (director of the Lab; jmorais@ulb.ac.be) or Regine Kolinsky (rkolins@ulb.ac.be). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 7 Nov 1993 18:18:00 -0800 From: Brian Lynch Subject: Melbourne Job again I am reposting the job advertisement for the position at the University of Melbourne in Applied Linguistics, with the "Reference Number" that should be used when sending the application materials to the Personnel Services department. (The reference number = G176200). Note that "continuing" refers to "tenure-track" status, not temporary or visiting. Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies Lecturer in Applied Linguistics (Continuing) Applications are invited for the position of Lecturer (Level B) in Applied Linguistics, to work in a well-established graduate program and undergraduate program in the Department of Applied Linguistics & Language Studies. Applicants should have research interests that make use of discourse analytic, ethnographic, and/or conversation analytic methods in language education or other institutional settings. The appointee would be expected to teach courses at the undergraduate and graduate level in some of the following areas: discourse analysis, second language acquisition, literacy, sociolinguisitcs, and bilingualism. The successful applicant will be expected to supervise at the Graduate Diploma, MA, and Ph.D. level. The position is available from mid-July 1994. Applicants should have a Ph.D. in Applied Linguistics or a related field and an excellent research record. Experience in teaching at the tertiary level is essential. Salary: Within the range $41, 000 - $48, 688 p.a. Further information: Dr. Tim McNamara, Associate Professor; or Dr. Brian Lynch, Lecturer, (within Australia: (03) 344 5488; outside: (#61 3) 344 5488; Fax: (#61 3) 344-5488; EMAIL: Tim_McNamara@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au; or Brian_Lynch@muwayf.unimelb.edu.au) Applications close: 1 February 1994 Reference number: G176200 Applications--letter quoting three referees (including Fax numbers) and c.v.--should be sent, in duplicate, to the Director, Personnel Services, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3052. The University of Melbourne is an equal opportunity employer and has a smoke free workplace policy. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 8 Nov 1993 11:28:39 GMT From: Glenn Ayres Subject: Job in ESL/English composition/Linguistics Job announcement: Tenure track assistant professorship, beginning August 1994. Fifteen-hour teaching load per semester, primarily in English as a Second Language and English composition, with ability to teach in one or more of the following areas: reading, TESL at the undergraduate and graduate levels, linguistics, or possibly general literature courses. Ph.D. required in English, Linguistics, Applied Linguistics, Rhetoric, or related area. Ability to speak Spanish highly desirable. Send letter, curriculum vitae, transcript showing highest degree, and three letters of recommendation or placement file to Dr. Olena Saciuk, Associate Director, Department of Languages and Literatures, Inter American University, Call Box 5100, San German, Puerto Rico 00683 U.S.A. Enclose postcard for acknowledgement. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 1993 19:49:32 -0500 (EST) From: BALTIN@ACFcluster.NYU.EDU Subject: Re: 4.933 Do Support, One Verb Objects, Negatives The Department of Linguistics at New York University has been authorized to advertise a position (tenured or tenure-track) in the area of natural language semantics. Candidates must be conversant with modern syntac- tic theory, and be capable of teaching an introductory syntax course as well as courses in their area of specialization. Preference will be given to candidates whose work deals primarily with the interface between syntax and semantics. The candidate would also be involved in working with a developing group of linguists, philosophers, and psychologists who would like to ultimately form an interdisciplinary group in cognitive science. Applicants should submit a curriculum vitae, three references, and copies of recent work, by Jan. 30, 1994, to: Professor Mark R. Baltin Chair Department of Linguistics New York University 719 Broadway, Rm. #505 New York, New York 10003 I can also be reached, if there are any questions, at "baltin@ acfcluster.nyu.edu". This position is still subject to final authorization by the administration. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-938. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-939. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 198 Subject: 4.939 Jobs: Graduate Student, Japanese, Theoretical Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1993 16:24:35 EST From: wilder_c@fhi-berlin.mpg.de Subject: Job in Berlin 2) Date: 8 Nov 93 12:17:00 PST From: KOHTA@beach1.csulb.edu Subject: Japanese 3) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 93 12:00:24 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Job Notice (Linguistic Theory) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 08 Nov 1993 16:24:35 EST From: wilder_c@fhi-berlin.mpg.de Subject: Job in Berlin **-----------------POSTGRADUATE POSITION-------------------------- The Max-Planck-Arbeitsgruppe Strukturelle Grammatik in Berlin has a position to offer to a graduate student, leading to completion of a PhD-dissertation (2-3 years). The topic of the dissertation should fall under the scope of the group's activities, which is concerned with the interaction of syntax, semantics and the lexicon within a minimalist approach to linguistics. Salary: BAT IIa (Ost), ca. DM 1800 p.m. depending on age etc. Starting date: as soon as possible Applications in German or English should be sent to: Manfred Bierwisch Max-Planck-Gesellschaft ASG Jaegerstrasse 10/11 D-10117 Berlin Germany A working knowledge of German would be an advantage, as most of the group's activities are conducted in that language. mail: wilder_c@fhi-berlin.mpg.de fax: +30 20 192 452 **--------------------DOKTORANDENSTELLE----------------------------- In der Max-Planck-Arbeitsgruppe Strukturelle Grammatik ist sofort 1 Doktorandenstelle zu besetzen. Das Thema der anzufertigenden Dissertation soll der Thematik der Arbeitsgruppe zuzuordnen sein, die sich mit der Interaktion von Syntax, Semantik und Lexikon im Rahmen eines minimalistischen Programms der Linguistik befasst. Bewerbungen sind zu richten an: Manfred Bierwisch Max-Planck-Gesellschaft ASG Jaegerstrasse 10-11 D-10117 Berlin Germany -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 8 Nov 93 12:17:00 PST From: KOHTA@beach1.csulb.edu Subject: Japanese CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LONG BEACH DEPARTMENT OF ASIAN AND ASIAN AMERICAN STUDIES Tenure-Track Faculty Opening California State University, Long Beach is a large, comprehensive university, with a student body of 35,000 and 1,800 full and part-time faculty, offering 68 baccalaureate and 54 master's degrees in the liberal arts, applied and professional fields. POSITION: Assistant/Associate Professor (Japanese). EFFECTIVE DATE: August 22, 1994 MINIMUM QUALIFICATIONS: ABD at the time of appointment for assistant professorship; doctorate and appropriate evidence of teaching and scholarly and creative activity for associate professorship. Ph.D. /Ed.D. will be required for tenure. Candidates must have language competency, conceptual knowledge of the language, basic understanding of the principles of linguistics and language acquisition, and substantial knowledge and appreciation of the target language culture. Ability to communicate ef fectively with an ethnically and culturally diverse community. DESIRED/PREFERRED QUALIFICATIONS: Ph.D./Ed.D. preferred at the time of appointment for assistant professorship. Expertise in the fields of foreign language education, applied linguistics, and/or Japanese literature. Candidates with training and experience in language teaching and methodology will be given preference. DUTIES: The appointee normally will be responsible for three classes per semester. He/she is responsible to teach all levels of Japanese courses and to develop new curriculum in accordance with his/her specialization and expertise. He/she may also teach courses in Asian Studies and/or Asian American Studies. The person chosen will also be expected to contribute to the Department (1) through regular research and publication and (2) by participation in department and university related activities. SALARY RANGE: Commensurate with academic rank and subject to collective bargaining negotiations. $31,764 - $55,488 annually. REQUIRED DOCUMENTATION: Letter of application; Resume; Three letters of recommendation; Transcript from institution awarding highest degree. (Employment is contingent upon proof of the legal right to work in the United States. This proof must be provided prior to employment at the University. An appointment is not final until proof is provided.) POSITION OPEN UNTIL FILLED (or recruitment canceled). Review of applications to begin January 1, 1994. Applications, required documentation, and/or requests for information should be addressed to: Dr. Arnold P. Kaminsky, Chair Department of Asian and Asian American Studies California State University, Long Beach 1250 Bellflower Boulevard Long Beach, CA 90840 California State University, Long Beach, in compliance with the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VI and Title VII), Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972, the Rehabilitation Act of 1975, and the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990, does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, ethnicity, religion, sex, handicap, or age in any of its policies, procedures, or practices; nor does CSULB discriminate on the basis of marital status or sexual orientation. This discrimination policy covers all CSULB programs and activities, including employment. In addition to meeting fully its obligations under federal and state law, CSULB is committed to creating a community in which a diverse population can live, and work, in an atmosphere of tolerance, civility, and respect for the rights and sensibilities of each individual, without regard to economic status, ethnic background, political views, sexual orientation, or other personal characteristics or beliefs. CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, LONG BEACH IS AN EQUAL OPPORTUNITY/AFFIRMATIVE ACTION/TITLE IX EMPLOYER -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 09 Nov 93 12:00:24 EST From: Larry Horn Subject: Job Notice (Linguistic Theory) The Yale University Department of Linguistics invites applications for a senior professor and department chair. Applicants should have solid teaching experience at all levels and substantial publications in one or more areas of theoretical linguistics, including connections with other fields. Prior administrative experience is helpful. Applicants are requested to forward a detailed vita, including a complete bibliography, before January 31, 1994 to: Search Committee Department of Linguistics Yale University Box 208236 New Haven, CT 06520-8326 Yale University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. Women and minority candidates are especially encouraged to apply. (Please send application materials to the above address only; do not apply to my e-mail address. I will be available at the LSA to meet with interested individuals.) Larry Horn -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-939. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-940. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 147 Subject: 4.940 Jobs: Speech Communication, Slavic Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 3:49:46 -0800 (PST) From: AHARRIS - Alan Harris Subject: Speech Communication 2) Date: 12 Nov 1993 09:54:02 -0500 From: "SL-Library" Subject: Position: Slavic Linguistics/Philology -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 3:49:46 -0800 (PST) From: AHARRIS - Alan Harris Subject: Speech Communication Please post immediately: ================================================================ CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY, NORTHRIDGE: 2 POSITIONS, FALL '94 SPEECH COMMUNICATION ================================================================ The Department of Speech Communication, California State University, Northridge, plans to hire, pending funding, one and possibly two Assistant Professors for Fall, 1994. We are searching for faculty with strong backgrounds in the following subject areas: argumentation, rhetorical theory, rhetorical criticism, communication theory, interpersonal communication, organizational communication, intercultural communication, performance studies, cultural studies, language behavior, and/or communication research methodologies. We also encourage applications from individuals qualified to direct an active forensics and debate program. We are not so concerned about the candidate's area of specialization as we are with finding an individual who will best complement the strengths of our department. We offer major programs in three areas: 1) rhetoric, 2) communication theory, and 3) performance, language, and cultural studies. We are particularly interested in finding individuals who appreciate the connections among these three areas and who are qualified to teach and condcut research in more than one of these areas. Our program consists of students of diverse cultural and social backgrounds. It is important, therefore, that candidates recognize the values of multicultural education and are sensitive to the demands of an increasingly diverse student population. QUALIFICATIONS: Doctoral degree completed prior to the beginning of the Fall, 1994, semester. Prior teaching experience at the the university level preferred; demonstrated commitment to excellence in teaching. Evidence of scholarly productivity and a commitment to an ongoing program of research leading to publication. Address inquiries and applications to: Paul Krivonos, Chair, Dept. of Speech Communication (SPCH), California State University, Northridge, Northridge CA 91330-8257. Review of completed files begins February 1, 1994, and continues until positions are filled, or until May 20, 1994. [We will be interviewing at SCA, November 18-21, Miami Beach]. =============================================================================== [via ach] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 12 Nov 1993 09:54:02 -0500 From: "SL-Library" Subject: Position: Slavic Linguistics/Philology The Department of Slavic & Eastern Languages, Boston College, is searching for appropriate candidates for an Assistant Professor (tenure track) opening in Slavic Linguistics/Philology beginning Sept 1994. PhD in Slavic or Linguistics required and an ability in classical and modern languages. Appt entails versatile teaching (3-3) and scholarship in areas of: Russian and secondary Slavic languages, including Ukrainian; Slavic and general linguistics and philology; Russian literature (esp poetics) and cultural history. Request details with c.v. to M.J. Connolly, Chmn, Slavic/Eastern, Boston College / Carney 236 Chestnut Hill MA 02167-3806 (USA) eMail: Connolly/SL@hermes.bc.edu telephone: +1 617/552.3911/12 BC is an AA/EEO employer. Deadline: 15 December 1993. Details: number of openings: one (1) type of position: full time academic rank: Assistant Professor (tenure track) area of specialization: Slavic Linguistics (historical-comparative orientation, with secondary Slavic languages, preferably including Ukrainian; Russian literature and cultural history; Russian language qualifications: PhD Slavic Linguistics or Philology; native or near-native ability in Russian; working familiarity with secondary Slavic languages, Ukrainian especially desired; research abilities in Latin, Greek, French, and German; promsing indications for future teaching and research accomplishments in Slavic linguistics and philology; ability to work in and teach Russian and other Slavic literatures from a Jakobsonian structural approach and with a good awareness and appreciation of English and other Western literatures; demonstrable ability to teach Russian language, especially at the Intermediate level, within a traditional grammatical framework and to help coordinate a Russian-language instruction program. Because of the very specific nature of this description, some candidates have asked whether there is already an 'in-house' candidate. The answer to this is 'no', this is an honest and open search, in which a small department with an excellent balance and working atmosphere is seeking to fill defined needs that have arisen due to a faculty retirement. We welcome all applications from versatile candidates who believe that they meet a major subset of the qualifications. Needless to say for a university community where English is the working language, near-native fluency in English is an absolute requirement, and skill with the language most highly desirable. At this stage of the search we need only CVs and statements. We shall request transcripts and references only from a selection of candidates , although these may be sent now if an applicant so desires. We hope to close the gathering of applications in mid-December and to conduct interviews in January, beginning with visitors to the LSA Convention in Boston. We shall *not* be interviewing at AAASS, MLA, or AATSEEL, although our institutional AAASS representative (Prof Michael Kreps) will be at the AAASS and is willing to speak informally with anyone looking for more details about the Department. M.J. Connolly, Chairman Slavic & Eastern Languages, Boston College -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-940. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-941. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 120 Subject: 4.941 Qs: Translation, Test suite, Pitch, Chairman Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 11:13:36 GMT From: eilis ann hudson Subject: translating in Germany 2) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 11:14:12 GMT From: meyes@llsun9.essex.ac.uk (Meyer S) Subject: Query: test suite evaluation 3) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 15:57:30 GMT From: Dr Judy L Delin Subject: Mac pitch tracking software 4) Date: 10 Nov 1993 16:10:00 -0500 (CDT) From: "Bettie T. Puckett 5558" Subject: HELP WITH LANGUAGE QUESTION -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 11:13:36 GMT From: eilis ann hudson Subject: translating in Germany To whom it concerns, I am a student of computer science, linguistics and German at Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland. I graduate in May 1994 with a BA in these subjects. I am very interested in becoming involved in translation and would like to do a masters in translation in Germany. Up until now I haven't had much luck finding out, first of all if this is possible, and secondly, where I could do such a course. I was wondering if you may have any information that could help me. I would be very grateful for a quick reply, either way. Thanking you, Eilis Hudson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 11:14:12 GMT From: meyes@llsun9.essex.ac.uk (Meyer S) Subject: Query: test suite evaluation I am collecting material for a research project on NLP evaluation. What we are looking for is diagnostic test material and literature on test suites and test suite evaluation. Any material, references or suggestions will be welcome. Thanks, Siety Meijer University of Essex, UK. meyes@essex.ac.uk -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 15:57:30 GMT From: Dr Judy L Delin Subject: Mac pitch tracking software I am currently pricing various things for doing pitch tracking on a Mac, using good quality audio (not DAT) tape as input. I'd be very grateful to hear from anyone who has relevant experience and tips. My machine is a Quadra 660AV which has a built-in digitiser. Here begins my first worry: one of my possibilities is a piece of kit called SoundScope, which has lots of bells and whistles, and which the company distributing it in the UK assure me will run on the Quadra without inserting an additional board. I'd like to make extra sure of this, but also would love to know of anything else (cheaper?) that will do the trick.... Any replies gratefully received, and ultimately summarised to the net (unless you'd prefer not to be quoted!) Best wishes Judy Delin Dr J. L. Delin Department of English Studies U. Stirling FK9 4LA U.K. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 10 Nov 1993 16:10:00 -0500 (CDT) From: "Bettie T. Puckett 5558" Subject: HELP WITH LANGUAGE QUESTION In an attempt to awaken awareness, I raised the issue of gender neutral language in a recent meeting. Attendees focused on one word: "chairman." Is there someone out there who can give me the origin and (perhaps) the demise of the word chairman? Yes, I realize that chairman is a bona fide word; however, so is chairwoman and chair (when indicating holder of office, etc.). any help available out there? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-941. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-942. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 136 Subject: 4.942 Qs: Dialect contact, Phrasal verbs, French, Bislama, Fonts Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 10:58 EST From: LROSENWALD@LUCY.WELLESLEY.EDU Subject: The representation of language and dialect contact 2) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 11:40:26 EST From: nava@nynexst.com (Nava Shaked) Subject: phrasal verbs 3) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 11:18:18 -0500 From: eng_zuchowsk@emunix.emich.edu Subject: Query-phoneme frequencies in French and French o-words. 4) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 16:10 CST From: SABINO@DUCVAX.AUBURN.EDU Subject: bislama 5) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 10:47:05 -0800 From: sutton@garnet.berkeley.edu Subject: Fonts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 10:58 EST From: LROSENWALD@LUCY.WELLESLEY.EDU Subject: The representation of language and dialect contact Hi - this is a request for help - I teach American literature, but have also worked a lot as a translator and on translation, and find myself now at the beginning of a project linking both interests, namely, the representation of language and dialect contact in American writing, and given the potential size of the topic I need all the help I can get. What I'm interested in is figuring out what happens when writers of narrative represent 1) dialect, 2) conversation between speakers of different dialects, 3) foreign languages, 4) conversations between speakers of different languages. Potentially relevant to this is the whole history of American English in its dialects, and the whole history of the linguistic map of America, including not only who spoke what and how when but also how people thought and felt about the facts of linguistic and dialectal difference. I'm in a literature department (Wellesley College Department of English), and the texts that keep coming back to me are, for example, Cooper's novels in their depiction of Native American languages; Cynthia's Ozick's stories in their depiction of Yiddish and Yiddish-influenced English; Twain as a recorder and celebrator of dialect; and so on. And I think I have some sense of what goes on in such works. But I don't want this study to take up only what first occurs to me, and I don't want it to be linguistically impressionistic, so I'm taking the liberty of posting my request here and asking linguists for help with it - for any text that might seem relevant, or any remarks or questions that might seem useful. Thanks in advance, Larry Rosenwald (LROSENWALD@LUCY.WELLESLEY.EDU) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 11:40:26 EST From: nava@nynexst.com (Nava Shaked) Subject: phrasal verbs I would like to get biblography information about the phrasal verb construction. e.g.; gun down, back off, calm down, look back. I am interested in all aspects: Syntax, Semantics, Phonology, Acquistion & Processingas well as Morphology. Also references of how Phrasal Verbs are treated in NLP systems. Nava Shaked Department of Linguistics CUNY Graduate School, New York. e-mail nava@nynextst.com Tel/Fax: 718-997-1259 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 11:18:18 -0500 From: eng_zuchowsk@emunix.emich.edu Subject: Query-phoneme frequencies in French and French o-words. I'm looking for sources on phoneme frequencies in the French lexicon and a French-English dictionary of onomatopoeia or any list of French onomatopoeic words, preferably translated into English. I would very much appreciate complete information about each source and, if possible, where they can be located. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 16:10 CST From: SABINO@DUCVAX.AUBURN.EDU Subject: bislama A colleague of mine recently asked me about the meaning of long in the following bislama sentence: long God yumi stanap. I had to pass. Can any of you help? Robin Sabino (Sabino@ducvax.auburn.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 10:47:05 -0800 From: sutton@garnet.berkeley.edu Subject: Fonts I apologize for asking an oft-repeated question, but is there an ftp site for IPA fonts, specifically for IBM (Word Perfect, etc.)? Or alternately, are they available as shareware? Please address answers to me at this address: sutton@garnet.berkeley.edu Thanks! Laurel Sutton -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-942. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-943. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 121 Subject: 4.943 Qs: Women, Fonts Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck REMINDER [We'd like to remind readers that the responses to queries are usually best posted to the individual asking the question. That individual is then strongly encouraged to post a summary to the list. This policy was instituted to help control the huge volume of mail on LINGUIST; so we would appreciate your cooperating with it whenever it seems appropriate.] -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 09:57:54 CST From: ines shaw Subject: singular women & plural woman 2) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 09:14:25 +1030 From: Penny Lee (Penny Lee) Subject: Phonetic fonts -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 09:57:54 CST From: ines shaw Subject: singular women & plural woman We have been collecting data on occurrences of the word "women" used in a singular context and of the word "woman" used in a plural context. In both cases, the words are preceded by a determiner(or no determiner) which agrees in number and are followed by a verb which also agrees in number. In addition, there may be anaphoric reference within the same sentence or externally to it. The use of singular women appears to be more frequent at this stage than the use of plural woman. When explaining what is occurring to non-linguists, I find that the first reaction is prescriptive: people think of misspellings. However, even though misspellings are frequent, I don't think that they show the grammatical regularities that singular women, and to a lesser extent (because of fewer data), plural woman, are showing. Nevertheless, I am willing to consider that in some cases, the words women and woman may be typos or misspellings. 1) Do you think that the unstressed syllable "men" in women and "man" in woman make these words more susceptible than the monosyllables men/man? 2) Is it the case that misspellings are found in the syllables that are unstressed more often than in syllables that are stressed? Does anyone whether there is a correlation between unstressed syllable and misspellings? 3) Do you know of other regularly misspelled words which show consistent verbal and anaphoric agreement? A colleague and I have developed some hypotheses to explain what is going on, but we would like first to see how the info., as presented here, is received before we go into more detail. Nevertheless, there are other points we would like to make at this time. We think that there is a precedent to what is happening to women/man in English For those not familiar with the history of English, or who need be refreshed, the situation at one time was the following: thou=subjective, sing.; thee= objective, sing.; ye=subjective, plural; you=objective, plural. Evidence from written texts illustrate the variations that conditioned the change. In lay terms, there were a lot of "errors" and inconsistent use, both idiolectally and dialectally. From this perspective, what is happening with the words women and woman, is similar, if not identical. Again, without going into more detail, we would like to know what you think of this parallel. The source of our data is varied: written occurrences are from student assignments from various courses on our campus, newspapers, television; oral occurrences come from observations of how the word was pronounced as people spoke--for example, one colleague observed an attorney say "I'm looking for a women..." in a television talk show, and another observed two of her students say "a women" and "one women..." We are collecting data on sex and age, and it appears that females and males are alike in their use of singular women (again, we have considerably fewer data on plural woman). I am very interested in your response. If you are interested in collecting data and sharing it with us, I'll explain more about the data collection process (what needs to be included). Please reply privately to ishaw@vm1.nodak.edu One final request--we have already talked about these data to many people, linguists and nonlinguists alike. Much to our surprise, there have been hostile comments from some (academic) non-linguists. One person was upset because we are concentrating on women/woman and not men/man (ignoring what we said about not finding variation (or "misspellings") in the use of men/man). Another person saw something political in the data, even though this person never explained what the political aspect was; this same person implied that anything political was not legitimate, and consequently what- ever we were doing was also not legitimate, and so forth. A psychologist voiced doubts in an openly aggressive tone. So.........our request is the following: please, if you don't like the data or what we are saying, do spare our feelings. NO one HAS to respond -- if you don't like it, just discard it. We are interested in what is happening from a linguistic point of view. To those of you who are interested and willing to respond --> Thank YOU ! Thank you very much. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 1993 09:14:25 +1030 From: Penny Lee (Penny Lee) Subject: Phonetic fonts Can someone help me please? I need to know which phonetic font would be most likely to cover notation used in the late 1930s in the US and I need to know how I can get hold of it for use with Macintosh Word 5. Thankyou, Penny Lee. Dr P. Lee, School of Education (SSS), Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001. Australia. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-943. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-944. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 53 Subject: 4.944 Sum: Adposition Chest -> Near Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 08:40:00 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: Chest -> Near -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 08:40:00 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Summary: Chest -> Near In response to my query about adpositions meaning 'near, next to' being derived historically from nouns meaning 'chest', I received two clear examples, from Hungarian (Edith Moravcsik, Steve Starkey, Irene Hegedus) and Finnish (Edith Moravcsik and Martti Nyman). Finnish _rinta_ (gen. _rinnan_) 'chest; (sometimes) thorax' in its its oblique cases yields postpositions meaning 'close; by one's side', viz., ADESSIVE _rinnalla_, ABLATIVE _rinnalta_, ALLATIVE _rinnalle_. Hungarian has a similar group of postpositions mellett 'next to' mellol (long Umlaut on the o) 'from the vicinity of' melle (dash on second e) 'to the vicinity of' derived from the noun _mell_ 'chest, bosom, breast'. I want to thank these respondents (as well as everybody else who wrote in on the subject) wholeheartedly, since I have been thinking of proposing such an etymology for the Nahuatl postposition _tlok_. There is a suitable noun stem *_tawi_ 'chest' attested in several closely related languages, but I was not sure if the semantic connection made sense. The idea is that _tlok_ would come from *_tawi-ko_ (-_ko_ being a locative postposition) the same way that some other Nahuatl postpositions arise, e.g. _ikpak_ 'on top of' <- *_kupa-ko_ (where *_kupa_ is 'top of the head'). So, now you know. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-944. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-945. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 159 Subject: 4.945 Call to graduate students: Figurative language Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 17:18:19 GMT From: Zazie Todd Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS: FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 17:18:19 GMT From: Zazie Todd Subject: CALL FOR PAPERS: FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE Please can you bring this to the attention of any graduate students working with you who might be interested? Thanks, Zazie Todd kzt@psychology.nottingham.ac.uk ***The PSYCGRAD JOURNAL*** ***SPECIAL ISSUE: FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE*** The Psycholinguistics volume of The Psychology Graduate Students Journal is planning a special issue on figurative language, to be published in the Spring of 1994. This is an electronic journal which aims to publish professional level papers by graduate students in psychology. Full length articles, review papers, short research notes, or book reviews relating to any type of figurative language are invited. The deadline for submissions is January 31st 1994. Further information concerning the journal and rules for submissions follow. Submissions in any area of psycholinguistics are of course welcome at any time. Zazie Todd, Psycholinguistics Editor, The PSYCGRAD Journal kzt@psychology.nottingham.ac.uk =============================== The Psychology Graduate Student Journal: The PSYCGRAD Journal (c) ISSN: 1195-325X Address: psygrd-j@acadvm1.uottawa.ca psygrd-j@uottawa.bitnet The PSYCGRAD Project is proud to announce that brief papers written by graduate students in the field of psychology are being accepted for publication in The Psychology Graduate Student Journal: The PSYCGRAD Journal (psygrd-j@acadvm1.uottawa.ca psygrd-j@uottawa.bitnet). The contents of these papers can vary greatly, from informal letters to the editor, essays, scientific papers, reviews, and articles of public interest. This journal is being compiled and produced by a team of 22 editors covering 21 broad topic areas in the field of psychology. All editors are graduate students in or directly associated with the field of psychology. The journal is open for public subscription and is targeted to anyone interested in psychology. Executive Editor: Matthew Simpson Institution: School of Psychology - University of Ottawa Address: 054340@acadvm1.uottawa.ca 054340@uottawa.bitnet REQUIREMENTS FOR SUBMISSION: 1. All submitted articles should be in text format and sent via e-mail. This means that it is sent electronically through internet to the editor in text characters, eg. this letter. 2. All articles should contain a table of contents outlined according to 0.0 Abstract 1 Main topic number one 1.1 First sub-topic of main topic one 1.1.1 First sub-sub-topic of main topic one 1.2 Second sub-topic of main topic one 2 Second main topic etc... 3. Each blocked-topic should begin with the appropriate number outlined in the table of contents. (Items 2 and 3, mentioned above, are necessary because bold and italic fonts are not recognized on most electronic-mail systems). 4. Each line should be no greater than 65 columns in width. This is necessary to decrease line-wrapping across systems. 5. APA guidelines must be adhered to (except where otherwise inconvenienced by electronic format, eg. items above) - use single spacing - one space beteeen each reference 6. The author of the article maintains full copyright. However, The PSYCGRAD Journal retains the right, for its purposes, to replicate and distribute the article. 7. Articles must not have been published elsewhere in written form. (Not published in journals; May have been posters or talks at conferences) Articles accepted for publication in The PSYCGRAD Journal may be published elsewhere at a later date with the permission of the Executive Editor if the editor(s) of the second journal are notified of this publication, and it is noted in any subsequent publication that the article was originally published in The PSYCGRAD Journal. 8. After the title of each article, the author's name, postal address, e-mail address, and affiliated institution must appear. FURTHER INFORMATION: PSYGRD-J Subscriptions are open to the public. The journal is currently being maintained by a program called Listserv, and is distributed to the Internet and Bitnet electronic community. It is the full intention of the editorial staff that the journal become a landmark publication in the psychology community and develop a long-standing tradition. Archives will be available via FTP at aix1.uottawa.ca and by The PSYCGRAD Gopher at panda1.uottawa.ca 4010 SUBSCRIBE to the journal by sending the following command to listserv@uottawa or listserv@acadvm1.uottawa.ca sub psygrd-j Yourfirstname Yourlastname The Psychology Graduate Student Journal: The PSYCGRAD Journal (c) is part of a larger system, called The PSYCGRAD Project. The project is broken into three main functions: graduate student discussion and communication; graduate student publication; and the conveying of electronic information to graduate students which is relevant to their study. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-945. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-946. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 279 Subject: 4.946 Calls: Computationsl, Japanese, Israel Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editor: Ron Reck -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 14:03:05 -0500 From: walker@bellcore.com (Don Walker) Subject: ACL-94 student Call for Papers 2) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 12:58:04 EST From: mkoizumi@MIT.EDU Subject: MIT Conference: Formal Approaches to ... 3) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 93 15:18:30 IST From: RHLE702@UVM.HAIFA.AC.IL Subject: Israel conference -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 14:03:05 -0500 From: walker@bellcore.com (Don Walker) Subject: ACL-94 student Call for Papers ACL-94 CALL FOR STUDENT PAPERS Student Sessions at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics 27 June - 1 July 1994 New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA PURPOSE: The goal of these sessions is to provide a forum for student members to present WORK IN PROGRESS and receive feedback from other members of the computational linguistics community, particularly senior researchers. The sessions will be workshop-style, consisting of short paper presentations and discussion. The papers will be published in a special section of the conference proceedings. Note that the student sessions in NO way influence the treatment of student-written papers submitted to the main conference. Rather, the student sessions will provide an entirely separate track emphasizing students' work in progress rather than completed work. REQUIREMENTS: Papers should describe original, unpublished work in progress that demonstrates insight, creativity, and promise. Topics of interest are the same as for the main conference. All authors must have ACL Student Membership (or be students even though paying the regular member rate because they earn a regular income) at the time of the conference. Membership information is referred to below in the section on ``ACL and Conference Information.'' Papers submitted to the main conference can not be considered for the student sessions. Students may, of course, submit DIFFERENT papers to BOTH the main conference and the student sessions, or papers on different aspects of a particular problem or project. FORMAT FOR SUBMISSION: Student authors should submit papers limited to 3 pages (including a mandatory abstract, references, figures, and appendices) as well as a title page and identification page in the format described below. Papers outside the specified length and formatting requirements are subject to rejection without review. Papers should be headed by a title page containing the paper title, a short (5 line) summary and a specification of the subject area(s). Since reviewing will be ``blind'', the title page of the paper should omit author names and addresses. Furthermore, self-references that reveal the authors' identity (e.g., ``We previously showed (Smith, 1991) . . .'') should be avoided. Instead, use references like ``Smith previously showed (1991) . . .'' To identify each paper, a separate identification page should be supplied, containing the paper's title, the name(s) of the author(s), complete addresses, a short (5 line) summary, and a specification of the subject area(s). MEDIA OF SUBMISSION: Authors must submit their papers by BOTH hardcopy and email if possible or by hardcopy only. Unlike the ACL main session, there is no email only option, but we do encourage you to use the hardcopy and email option. Electronic submissions should be either self-contained LaTeX source or plain text. LaTeX submissions must use the ACL submission style (aclsub.sty) retrievable from the ACL LISTSERV server (access to which is described below) and should not refer to any external files or styles except for the standard styles for TeX 3.14 and LaTeX 2.09. A model submission modelsub.tex is also provided in the archive, as well as a bibliography style acl.bst (Note however that the bibliography for a submission cannot be submitted as separate .bib file; the actual bibliography entries must be inserted in the submitted LaTeX source file). Hard copy submissions should consist of four (4) copies of the paper and one (1) copy of the identification page. For both kinds of submissions, if at all possible, a plain text version of the identification page should be sent separately by electronic mail, using the following format: title: author: <name of first student author> address: <address of first student author> ... author: <name of last student author> address: <address of last student author> abstract: < abstract> subject areas: <first area>, ..., <last area> Papers should be submitted to: Beryl Hoffman, Computer and Information Sciences University of Pennsylvania 200 South 33rd Street Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; phone: +1-215-898-5868; fax: +1-215-898-0587 e-mail: hoffman@linc.cis.upenn.edu SCHEDULE: Submissions in either format must be RECEIVED by 1 FEBRUARY 1994. Late papers will not be considered. Receipt of submissions will be acknowledged by 5 FEBRUARY 1994. Authors will be notified of acceptance by 15 MARCH 1994. Authors will then have time to revise their papers, taking the reviews into account. Camera-ready copies of final papers prepared in a double-column format, preferably using a laser printer, must be received by 1 MAY 1994, along with a signed copyright release statement. The ACL LaTeX proceedings format is available through the ACL LISTSERV. STUDENT SESSIONS INFORMATION: If you have questions about the student sessions, contact Beryl Hoffman at the addresses above. ACL AND CONFERENCE INFORMATION: For other information on the conference and on the ACL more generally, contact Judith Klavans (ACL), Columbia University, Computer Science, New York, NY 10027, USA; +1-914-478-1802 phone/fax; acl@cs.columbia.edu. General information about the ACL and electronic membership and order forms are also available from the ACL LISTSERV. ACL LISTSERV: LISTSERV is a facility to allow access to an electronic document archive by electronic mail. The ACL LISTSERV has been set up at Columbia University's Department of Computer Science. Requests from the archive should be sent as e-mail messages to listserv@cs.columbia.edu with an empty subject field and the message body containing the request command. The most useful requests are ``help'' for general help on using LISTSERV, ``index acl-l'' for the current contents of the ACL archive and "get acl-l <file>" to get a particular file named <file> from the archive. For example, to get an ACL membership form, a message with the following body should be sent: get acl-l membership-form.txt Answers to requests are returned by e-mail. Since the server may have many requests for different archives to process, requests are queued up and may take a while (say, overnight) to be fulfilled. The ACL archive can also be accessed by anonymous FTP. Here is an example of how to get the same file by FTP (user typein is underlined): $ ftp cs.columbia.edu ------------------- Name (cs.columbia.edu:smith): anonymous --------- Password:smith@cs.school.edu << not echoed ------------------- ftp> cd acl-l -------- ftp> cd Information -------------- ftp> get membership-form.txt.Z ------------------------- ftp> quit ---- $ uncompress membership-form.txt.Z -------------------------------- PROGRAM COMMITTEE: The committee is co-chaired by Beryl Hoffman (UPenn) and Rebecca Passonneau (Columbia U). Sheila Rock (U Edinburgh) is the Committee Organizer, and Eric Iverson (NMSU) is in charge of Student Local Arrangements. The remaining student members of the committee are: Jennifer Chu (U Delaware), Jason Frank (Ohio State U), Steve Green (U Toronto), Vasileios Hatzivassiloglou (Columbia U), Peter Heeman (U Rochester), Chris Manning (Stanford U), Gaelle Recource (U Paris 7), Suzanne Stevenson (U Toronto/U Maryland). The nonstudent members are: Chinatsu Aone (SRA), Alan Black (ATR Japan), Ken Church (AT&T), Robert Frank (U Delaware), Megumi Kameyama (SRI), Robert Kasper (Ohio-State U), Mark Liberman (U Penn), Chris Mellish (U Edinburgh), Gord McCalla (U Saskatchewan), John Nerbonne (U Groningen), and Ingrid Zukerman (Monash U Australia). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 93 12:58:04 EST From: mkoizumi@MIT.EDU Subject: MIT Conference: Formal Approaches to ... * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * FORMAL APPROACES TO * * JAPANESE LINGUISTICS * * * * MIT * * May 13-15, 1994 * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Invited Speakers: Richared Kayne (CUNY) Mamoru Saito (Uconn) Natsuko Tsujimura (Indianna) The Department of Linguistics and Philosophy at MIT will host the conference, FORMAL APPROACHES TO JAPANESE LINGUISTICS, on May 13-15, 1994. Abstracts are invited for 30 minutes talks relating to any aspect of Japanese formal linguistics (syntax, phonology, morphology, semantics, psycholinguistics, pragmatics, etc.). Papers comparing Japanese with other languages are equally welcome. Send nine copies of the abstract with the title but without the name of the author, along with a camera-ready original with the author's name and affiliation centered under the tiltle of the paper, to: FAJL Program Committee c/o Masa Koizumi 20D-219, MIT Cambridge, MA 02139 USA E-mail: mkoizumi@athena.mit.edu (no submission by e-mail or fax, please) Abstracts may not exceed 2 pages. Leave at least 1.25 inch margin on all four sides. Use fonts no smaller than 12 pts. Also include a 3x5 card containing the following information: Title of paper Name of author Address / affiliation E-mail address Phone number DEADLINE FOR SUBMISSION OF ABSTRACTS: FEBRUARY 4, 1994 Limited funds will be available to assist student presenters with travel expenses. Proceedings of the conference will be distributed by the MIT Working Papers in Linguistics. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 93 15:18:30 IST From: RHLE702@UVM.HAIFA.AC.IL Subject: Israel conference THE ISRAEL ASSOCIATION FOR THEORETICAL LINGUISTICS will hold its Tenth Annual Conference on JUNE 12-13, 1994 CALL FOR ABSTRACTS FORTHCOMING conference email address: RHLE702@HAIFAUVM.BITNET -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-946. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-947. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 59 Subject: 4.947 LSA: Workshop on Computational Linguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. <aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu> Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. <hdry@emunix.emich.edu> Asst. Editor: Ron Reck <rreck@emunix.emich.edu> -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 15:52:47 -0500 From: Judith Klavans <klavans@cs.columbia.edu> Subject: Workshop on Computational Linguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 11 Nov 1993 15:52:47 -0500 From: Judith Klavans <klavans@cs.columbia.edu> Subject: Workshop on Computational Linguistics Many people have sent me requests for information on the Workshop that was mentioned in the posting by Pete Schult in LINGUIST , Fri, 1 Oct 93 09:51:32 -0500. Thus, I am submitting a short general announcement to LINGUIST. More will be available at the conference. For those who cannot come, send me a message after the meeting, and I will send you whatever materials are distributed. Judith Klavans klavans@cs.columbia.edu ====== Workshop Announcement ====== ==>> PERSPECTIVES ON COMPUTATIONAL LINGUISTICS <<== Linguistic Society of America -- January 7, 1994 7-10 pm Organizer: Judith L. Klavans Computational linguistics (CL) is a relatively new field within the discipline of linguistics. The central questions in CL can be viewed from several perspectives: How can a computational approach be used to test linguistic theory? How can systems based on linguistic knowledge be built to analyze or produce language? In what ways might an implementation validate abstractions concerning linguistic structure? The purpose of this symposium is to present views on the role of linguistics in computational linguistics, and on the role of computational approaches in linguistics. Issues in Computational Linguistics - Overview Judith Klavans (organizer) Syntax in Applied Natural Language Processing Lori Levin Lexical Semantics and Computational System James Pustejovsky Prosody, Intonation, and Speech Technology Janet Pierrehumbert Parsing Problems and Computational Morphology Stephen Anderson Applications and the Real World Evelyne Tzoukermann -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-947. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-948. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 85 Subject: 4.948 Rules that refer to spelling Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. <aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu> Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. <hdry@emunix.emich.edu> Asst. Editor: Ron Reck <rreck@emunix.emich.edu> -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 93 19:51:54 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Rules that Refer to Spelling (Some Clarifications) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 12 Nov 93 19:51:54 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Rules that Refer to Spelling (Some Clarifications) I have received a ton of mail from people regarding my recent posting on this subject. I will post a summary of the examples later, since I assume there will be more. So far, I have mostly received complaints about my analysis of the Polish and French facts cited in my query. I would, therefore, like to add the following clarifications: (a) In response to several questioners, yes, there is clearcut evidence that nonliterate speakers (and indeed many literate ones) do not follow the spelling-based rules I alluded to, in both languages. In the case of French, this is abundantly described in the literature on French verse. (b) Bert Peeters points out that I may have given the impression that I was claiming that the final -e in foie counts a syllable in classical French verse, which is at best true in a very strange sense I won't go into. What happened was that I tried not to give all the details of the rules (which treat consonant and vowel final words differently and then only gave an example involving vowel finals). The crucial fact is that foie and foi are NOT equivalent according to the standard rules of French versification (which, of course, are not followed in popular verse but which are taught and enforced in "official" poetry). The most striking fact is that words like foie are never allowed in this kind of poetry to appear before a word that begins with a consonant, while words like foi are. So the phrase foie gras, for example, cannot be used in standard French verse. (c) In response to several writers who claim that Polish final /w/ is "underlyingly" a different segment when spelled with slashed l than when it is spelled with w or u or who claim that foi and foie are "underlyingly" different in French BECAUSE they are treated differently by the rules of versification, I would like to say that this is no way to defend a theory. The theory advanced by several generative phonologists has been that there exists a so-called underlying level of representation at which various strange things exist, such as a French final schwa. There is nothing a priori good or bad about this theory, and we cannot a priori decide that it is right or wrong. We CAN make such decisions on the basis of the data. Some of the data that have been cited have been that some languages supposedly exhibit rules of versification sensitive to this level of representation (or some level close to it). These claims could again be correct or not. What I point out is that in the case of French anyway they are NOT, because there is no PHONOLOGICAL basis for giving foi and foie different underlying representations (or to be precise to give them SUCH URs AS WOULD be required to account for the facts of versification. Instead, there is a perfectly well-known, well-documented, and correct theory which does account for these facts and which says that the rules were artificially designed by people who did not understand the way that we do the relation of speech and writing, that these rules are explicitly taught and enforced (i.e., they are not learned subconsciously the way that linguistic rules are), and that they in particular refer to spelling. Similar considerations apply I think to the Polish case, although here the issues are more subtle because the rule is not, at least not always, artificially taught. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-948. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-949. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 123 Subject: 4.949 Canadian Raising Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. <aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu> Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. <hdry@emunix.emich.edu> Asst. Editor: Ron Reck <rreck@emunix.emich.edu> -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 09:36:12 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: /ai/-raising 2) Date: 10 Nov 93 10:26:00 -0500 From: David.Wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov Subject: Regarding "rider" and "writer" -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 10 Nov 93 09:36:12 EST From: Alexis_Manaster_Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: /ai/-raising In a recent query, I asked whether there are any speakers who have so-called "Canadian Raising", i.e., a higher vowel in _write_ than in _ride_, who also have the higher vowel in _writer_, but who have the LOWER vowel in the second part of _typewriter_. I have received several replies from people who asserted that no such thing was possible or at least attested, but logic tells us that no such statement can be definitive. There is always the possibility that somebody does have such a pattern. And this morning I received email from John Lawler, and I have since listened to his speech, and he certainly appears to have almost exactly this pattern (although he also accepts the other pronunciation of _typewriter_). The reason for all this is that the first and in some ways THE example of rule ordering in phonology was Joos's claim that in Ontario the flapping rule is ordered differently for different speakers with respect to the raising rule. However, his speakers at the time were highschool students, as I recall, and so some should still be alive and well, yet all studies of Canadian Raising have failed to find anyone who says _writer_ with the lower vowel (in particular, the authoritative work of Chambers). It has thus been a mystery whether Joos could have been mistaken or else what happened to this dialect. Now, a careful reading of Joos shows that the only example he gives with the alleged lower vowel before a flap from /t/ is in fact not _writer_ but _typewriter_. Given that many speakers who have the raising rules have (hitherto unexplained) lexical irregularities (e.g., many people have the higher vowel in _cider_), it occurred to me some time ago that perhaps Joos did really hear some people say _typewriter_ with the lower vowel in the second syllable, but that these people did NOT consistently use the lower vowel before flaps from /t/ and hence did not say _writer_ that way. Periodically, I ask around for such speakers, and here at last we have one. I should add that David Stampe points out that historically it is probably the case that the rule was one of lowering before voiced rather raising before voiceless and also that his theory of fortitions before lenitions seems to predict that the only possible order would be the normal one (Lowering before Flapping) which gives us the higher vowel in words like _writer_. Of course, if there are lexical irregularities, then another way of saying it is that there is now a phonemic contrast between the two diphthongs and their distribution is no longer (fully) rule-governed at all. All of which brings up a number of interesting issues about the relation of theory and data, such as whether it was ever reasonable for to put so much credence in Joos' poorly documented example without anybody for many many years ever trying to replicate his findings. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 10 Nov 93 10:26:00 -0500 From: David.Wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov Subject: Regarding "rider" and "writer" The phonetic difference between "rider" and "writer" is not a matter of vowel height (at least not in my idiolect!). North American English (non-phonemically) lengthens all vowels and diphthongs in stressed monosyllables ending in a voiced consonant or cluster or in zero, as in: - said - in vogue - bad - ride It shortens all vowels and diphthongs in stressed monosyllables ending in a voiceless consonant or cluster, as in: - set - invoke - bat - write When such words take on endings, the vowel/diphthong length is felt by some speakers to be phonemically differentiating where /t/ becomes voiced /d/ intervocalically, as in "rider" (long) versus "writer" (short), or "siding" versus "sighting". The presence of the monosyllabic word makes this distinction possible; the word "little" does not contrast with "Liddel" (stressed on the first syllable by the family bearing the name) because there are no corresponding monosyllabic forms *litt or *lidd, nor does "liter" normally contrast with "leader". --David N. WIGTIL. ER Network Support. U. S. Department of Energy. Dum loquimur fugerit invida aetas. Carpe diem quam minimum credula postero. (Q. Horatius Flaccus, "Odes" 1.11.7-8) ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, { Voice/voice mail: 301-903-7327. ER Network Fax: 301-903-7363. } { Internet : david.wigtil@mailgw.er.doe.gov (DOE ER cc:Mail) } { Internet/CIS : 72331.1732@compuserve.com (personal mail) } '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-949. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-4-950. Fri 12 Nov 1993. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 91 Subject: 4.950 Negation Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. <aristar@tamuts.tamu.edu> Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. <hdry@emunix.emich.edu> Asst. Editor: Ron Reck <rreck@emunix.emich.edu> -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 93 18:41:16 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Irony...not -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 9 Nov 93 18:41:16 EST From: John.M.Lawler@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Irony...not While we're on the subjects of conventionalized irony and spurious negation, here's a mystery to chew on. One day on the freeway, while swerving to avoid an unexpected lane entrant, I found myself muttering: (1) I love people who signal. (1) was clearly intended as ironic, but I noticed that it was also true (given, perhaps, a certain hyperbolic sense of 'love'), which is not a normal characteristic of ironic utterances. It occurred to me that this odd dual status seemed to have come about because both verbs in the sentence were being negated as a form of conventional irony. Running through the obvious alternatives, I produced: (2) I love people who don't signal. [false & ironic] (3) I hate people who don't signal. [true & literal] (4) #I hate people who signal. [not ironic] Of these, (2) is a more common ironic form, identical to (1) in intended sense (though logically different, and false), (3) is a literally true statement which is not ironic, and (4) is rather odd in this context; the most I can say about it is that it's not ironic, or at least not conventionally so. What seems to be happening is that in this sentence, for whatever reason, one can express irony in two ways; (a) by conventionally negating the main predicate (i.e, substituting 'love' for 'hate'), thus misdescribing the subject's feelings ironically; and (b) by conventionally negating the relative clause that characterizes the object [people who (don't) signal], thus misdescribing the object ironically. What's interesting is that this seems to have to be a top-down affair. If you do (a) upstairs, you can optionally do (b) downstairs as well, possibly for further ironic effect (though my ironimeter isn't calibrated for comparisions this fine), and incidentally producing a literally true sentence, since the double negations cancel out in this construction. But if you do don't do (a) upstairs, you can't do (b) downstairs; attempting this produces (4), which is odd. This seems similar (though I would hesitate to claim identical) to the phenomenon of "secondary triggering" of NPI's, (i.e, A weak negative trigger like 'surprised' can trigger an NPI like 'any', but not (to use Ross's term) a "neg-needy" one like 'in weeks': (5)a I don't think anybody's been here. b I'm surprised anybody's been here. (6)a I don't think he's been here in weeks. b *I'm surprised he's been here in weeks. However, triggering 'any' downstairs in (6)a licenses "secondary triggering" of 'in weeks' there as well: (6)c I'm surprised anybody's been here in weeks. ...all of which no doubt goes to show that this is a more complex situation than a metaphor like "triggering" can really deal with.) Does anybody's theory of either negation or irony predict any of this? -John Lawler <jlawler@umich.edu> Program in Linguistics University of Michigan -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-4-950.