________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-401. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 188 Subject: 5.401 Sum: Employee classification, FRESA Spanish Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 94 14:30:58 CDT From: russell@ukraine.corp.mot.com Subject: Employee classification - summary 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 11:29:27 CST From: "Thor Sigurd Nilsen" Subject: Sum: FRESA Spanish -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 94 14:30:58 CDT From: russell@ukraine.corp.mot.com Subject: Employee classification - summary A couple of weeks ago, I posted the following query: > Recent discussion of life in the lingusitics periphery has > re-ignited my curiosity to know how other self-perceived > linguists' employing institutions regard them. For example, I > know that there are many out there who consider themselves > (primarily) linguists, but whose job title would be Professor of > ESL, Professor of German, French, etc., or Speech Pathologist. > There may even be a few other engineers. > Just for my own curiosity, I'd like to know the range of > institutional designations of those whose primary > self-identification would be as a linguist. This might also be > of interest to linguists who want to know about job possibilities > in related fields. Thanks to all who responded. The following is a highly edited summary of the responses I received. I've included everything pertaining to job descriptions, but haven't identified particular individuals or institutions, since the purpose of the query was to get a broad idea of the types of jobs and employers open to linguists. In the interest of saving space, I've also not included personal histories, the hopes of students who don't have a job as of yet, and editorial comments (several along the lines of "This isn't what I expected to be doing in grad school.") If you'd be interested in this information, send me email, and I'll be glad to send a less edited version of the summary, with everything I received except for a couple of comments that people asked not to have made public. If seeing this summary prompts a large number of additional responses to the original query, I'll post an update later. Dale Russell russell@ukraine.corp.mot.com ==================================================================== Positions at Universities: ========================= Faculty member - Dept. of Communication Disorders (speech-language pathology) Anthropological linguist, working in an oral history program. Mostly I collect, edit, archive, and analyze life or event narratives. I also teach a class now and then. Research associate in the Child Language Program. I manage a large computerized database of children's language samples, performing statistical analyses on them, overseeing incoming samples from the research lab I work in, and keeping track of the archives related to the database. The Child Language Program is an interdisciplinary doctoral program, drawing from linguistics, psychology, human development, and speech-language-hearing. The focus in our lab is on children with specific language impairment. Professor of English, as are five other colleages who are "in" linguistics or ESL or applied linguistics but who are also located in the Department of English. We have faculty who are budgeted in the Department of Linguist, and they are classified as "Professor of, Associate Professor of...Linguistics," as you would expect. So, here at least, people may be "in linguistics" academically and professionally but they are "in" Linguistics, English, German, Scandinavian Studies, etc. budgetarily. Associate Professor of English and Linguistics - primary teaching responsibility in ESL, in Dept. of Languages and Literatures Professor of Psychology -- actually 'professeur titulaire en psychologie' since I'm teaching at a French institution. English teacher, secondary appointment in the psychology dept. In the English department, where I do administrative work in the composition program, I get to teach modern English grammar and "The study of language" (an intro to an intro course). My institution doesn't have a niche for a linguist (none of the logical departments for it think they need it enough to devote a "line" to it, but there are people with interest and training in linguistics in anthropology (1), psychology (1 + 2 half-time appointments, one of them mine), education (part- time) and others with interest and no training in medicine (1), math (1 plus one retired) and business (artificial intelligence) (1). It's real hard to get students, but we have a few psych students with English minors, some education majors, and one interdisciplinary "linguistics". Lecturer in language education -- teaching ESL and LOTE teaching method, and topics for education students at diploma and masters level plus a small amount of supervision of postgrads. Lecturer in French -- My primary interests are linguistics and phonetics and my employer classifies me as a lecturer in French. I spend a lot - too much - of my time marking traditional French language assignments. Positions in Industry: ===================== Software engineer. My business cards also say linguist, but since I'm the only one here who is, I'm almost the only one who knows what that means! Humanist/engineer. The engineering discipline is not, however, linguistics; it's human-computer interaction. The linguistics training remains a useful too. [sic] Researcher -- working in Speech Recognition, and it's largely lx of various sorts that I do here; a lot of simple phonology. My current employer calls me a knowledge engineer. When I answer things like alunni questionnaires, I say that I work in A.I., which is a branch of C.S. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 11:29:27 CST From: "Thor Sigurd Nilsen" Subject: Sum: FRESA Spanish First of all, I'd like to thank the following for their contributions: John Beaven, R.M. Chandler-Burns, Ricardo Diaz, Mike Dickey, Benjamin Macias, Rosa Graciela Montes, Scott Schwenter, and Roberto Strongman. According to some of the answers I received, the term "fresa" seems to have originated in the Zona Rosa in Mexico D.F. in the sixties. Even though the same term is used today, it is not clear whether it means exactly the same. Apparently, "fresa" as it is used today refers most of all to an attitude and a life-style among certain Mexican youngsters, particularly those in private schools and with rather conservative values. Thus it characterises primarily young people, even though the term is not necessarily limited to that age group. According to R.C. Montes the kids in "Beverly Hills 90120" would be an American counterpart to "fresas". The term seems to be most frequently used by outsiders, and is opposed to a more "macho" style. Very often it is associated with young people from wealthy families, or who would like to pass as sons and daughters of such parents. Even though "fresa" is a life-style rather than a well-defined socio- linguistic group, certain linguistic features seem to characterise it: - numerous examples of anglicisms. According to Chandler-Burns these are often literal translations from English. An example he provides is "hacer el rol" (=go cruising in a car). - assertive language. Chandler-Burns gives the example "hazte cuenta" (= imagine if you can). - overusing certain expressions, e.g. "o sea" (= as it were). - R.G. Montes mentions stereotypical features like a peculiar drawling and rising intonation; articulatory features like lip-rounding and nasalisation that lead to the categorisation "hablando con la papa en la boca" (= speaking with a potato in one's mouth). - certain kinesic gestures. Regards Thor -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-401. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-402. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 191 Subject: 5.402 Calls: NELS, Cairo Conference, WECOL94 Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 15:16:51 -0400 (EDT) From: gene@unagi.cis.upenn.edu (Gene Buckley) Subject: NELS Call for Papers 2) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 09:47:30 -0600 (MDT) From: parkinsonD@yvax.byu.edu Subject: Cairo Conference Announcement 3) Date: Fri, 1 Apr 94 21:19:35 -0800 From: wecol@BIOLOGY.UCLA.EDU (Western Conference on Linguistics) Subject: WECOL94 call for papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 15:16:51 -0400 (EDT) From: gene@unagi.cis.upenn.edu (Gene Buckley) Subject: NELS Call for Papers ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* NELS 25 October 14-16, 1994 University of Pennsylvania CALL FOR PAPERS deadline for submission of abstracts: July 26, 1994 Abstracts should be anonymous, up to TWO pages (8-1/2" by 11"), single-spaced, in 12 point type with 1" margins. The second page need not be limited to data and/or references. Send ten copies of the abstract together with a 3" x 5" card showing the title of the paper, the author's address and affiliation, phone number, and e-mail address to: NELS 25 Linguistics Department Room 619 Williams Hall University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 Questions can be directed to Gene Buckley and Sabine Iatridou at nels25@ling.upenn.edu. On the day preceding the conference (Oct 13), there will be two workshops: one on Language Change, another on Language Acquisition. Both workshops will be funded by the Institute for Research in Cognitive Science. A call for papers for these workshops (separate from the present call) will appear soon. ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 09:47:30 -0600 (MDT) From: parkinsonD@yvax.byu.edu Subject: Cairo Conference Announcement Please Post CALL FOR PAPERS The American University in Cairo and THE ARABIC LINGUISTICS SOCIETY announce an I n t e r n a t i o n a l C o n f e r e n c e o n A r a b i c L i n g u i s t i c s to be held at the American University in Cairo December 20 - 22, l994 The conference will focus on current approaches to the linguistic analysis of Arabic. Research in the following areas of Arabic linguistics is encouraged: grammatical analysis (syntax, phonology, morphology, semantics), sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, discourse analysis, historical linguistics, computational linguistics, etc. Persons interested in presenting papers at the conference are requested to submit six copies of a one-page abstract giving the title of the paper, a brief statement of the topic, and a summary clearly stating how the topic will be developed (the reasoning, data, or experimental results to be presented). Authors are requested to be as specific and as explicit as possible in describing their topic. Names are not to appear on the abstract; instead, a 3 x 5 card should be enclosed with the author's name, affiliation, address, phone number, the title of the paper, and the session to which it is submitted. Twenty minutes will be allowed for each presentation. Deadline for receipt of abstracts June 15, 1994 Abstracts and other inquiries should be addressed to either: Dr. Mushira Eid Dr. Alaa Elgibali Arabic Linguistics Society Arabic Language Institute Middle East Center, Bldg. The American University in Cairo University of Utah 113 Sharia El Qasr El Eini Salt Lake City, UT 84112 Cairo, Egypt Phone: 801-581-6181 Phone: 202-357-5057/357-5059 Fax: 801-581-6183 Fax: 202-355-7565 E-mail: Mushaeid@cc.utah.edu E-mail: Elgibali@egaucacs.bitnet The conference is supported by: The American University in Cairo The Arabic Linguistics Society The Fulbright Commission in Cairo The United States Information Agency -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 1 Apr 94 21:19:35 -0800 From: wecol@BIOLOGY.UCLA.EDU (Western Conference on Linguistics) Subject: WECOL94 call for papers C A L L F O R P A P E R S W E C O L '9 4 (Western Conference on Linguistics) 21-23 OCTOBER, 1994 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES DEADLINE FOR ABSTRACTS: 1 JUNE, 1994 Abstracts are invited for 20-minute talks in all areas of linguistic theory. Abstracts should be anonymous, and should be no longer than one page, with one inch margins, in typeface no smaller than 12 characters per inch. An additional page with examples and references may be included. Please provide 10 copies of the abstract. Authors should identify themselves on a separate 3"x5" index card, and should include the title and author's address, affiliation, telephone number, and e-mail address. In addition, papers are invited for two workshops to be held in conjunction with WECOL, entitled: ======================================================= THEORETICAL ISSUES IN THE ACQUISITION OF PHONOLOGY and FORMAL ISSUES IN THE STUDY OF NEGATION ======================================================= Invited Speaker: B. Alan Dresher, University of Toronto Abstracts should be sent to the following address: Chair, Abstracts Committee WECOL '94 Department of Linguistics University of California, Los Angeles 405 Hilgard Avenue Los Angeles, CA 90024 wecol@cognet.ucla.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-402. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-403. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 110 Subject: 5.403 Confs: Semiotic and Text Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 13:23:42 MET From: "Lucia Franchini" Subject: Congress: Semiotic and Text -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 13:23:42 MET From: "Lucia Franchini" Subject: Congress: Semiotic and Text Semiotica e Testo: Categorie e Modelli Critici / Semiotics and Text: Categories and Critical Models A two-days workshop organized by L. Merlini Barbaresi, R. Rutelli, H. Parret, M. Bertuccelli Papi in celebration of 650th Anniversary of University of Pisa 28th-29th April 1994 Palazzo dei Congressi, Pisa, Italy PROGRAMME ========= 28th April SESSION 1 10.00 Saluto del Prorettore dell'Universita degli Studi di Pisa, G. Paduano "The semiotic relevance of fictional similitude" Herman Parret (Univ. di Lovanio) "La pragmatica come approccio metodologico al testo" Marina Sbisa' (Univ. di Trieste) SESSION 2 15.00 "La semiotica come metateoria per la Linguistica Naturale" Wolfgang Dressler (Univ. di Vienna) "Insinuare: la seduzione del non dire" Marcella Bertuccelli Papi "La nozione di Secondita di Peirce e gli atti linguistici reattivi" Lavinia Merlini Barbaresi "Principi comunicativi e cognitivi della grammatica: i modelli davanti ai 'problemi' delle evidenze esterne e al 'mistero' dei dati negativi" Roberto Peroni 29th April SESSION 3 10.00 "Linguistica e metrica" Riccardo Ambrosini "La retorica del silenzio" Carla Locatelli (Univ. di Trento) "La traduzione del comico. Si puo ridere in un'altra lingua?" Romana Rutelli SESSION 4 15.00 "Si possono leggere romanzi senza una teoria della narrativita?" Umberto Eco (Univ. di Bologna) "La semiotica e qualcosa di piu di un giuoco intellettuale? / Is semiotics something more than an intellectual game?" Tavola Rotonda, Moderatore: G. Paduano (Dressler, Eco, Locatelli, Orlando, Paduano, Parret, Sbisa) Segreteria del Convegno: Centro Linguistico Interdipartimentale Via S.Maria, 42 (56126) Pisa Lucia Franchini tel. : +39 50 23000 +39 50 27193 fax. : +39 50 23038 ********************************************************************** * Lucia Franchini Phone: +39-50-23000 * * Centro Linguistico Interdipartimentale Fax: +39-50-23038 * * Universita' degli Studi di Pisa * * Via S. Maria, 42 *********************************************** * 56126 PISA - ITALY E-mail: franchini@cli-pisa.cli.unipi.it * ********************************************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-403. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-404. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 225 Subject: 5.404 Confs: Draft Conference Program Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 12:05 BST From: FEBH23@ujvax.ulst.ac.uk Subject: Draft Conference Program -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 12:05 BST From: FEBH23@ujvax.ulst.ac.uk Subject: Draft Conference Program DRAFT PROGRAMME INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON LANGUAGE IN IRELAND / COMHDHA/IL IDIRNA/ISIU/NTA AR THEANGACHA IN E/IRINN 22-24 June 1994 / Meitheamh 22-24 1994 UNIVERSITY OF ULSTER AT JORDANSTOWN / OLLSCOIL ULADH AG JORDANSTOWN CONFERENCE PROGRAMME / CLA/R NA COMHDHA/LA Wednesday 22 June 1994 9.30-10.45 Registration & coffee 11.00-11.15 Vice-Chancellor's Welcome to delegates 11.15-12.15 Keynote Address: James McCloskey (University of California, Santa Cruz) 12.30-1.30 Lunch 2.00-2.30 Markku Filppula (Joensuu) 'The influence of Irish on perfect marking in Hiberno-English: a reassessment' 2.30-3.00 Colleen Cotter (Berkeley) 'Systems in contact: focus in Irish and English' 3.00-3.30 Terence Odlin (Ohio) 'On a problematic substrate source in Hiberno-English' 3.30-4.00 Tea / Coffee 4.00-4.30 Mehroo Northover & Stephen Donnelly (Ulster) 'A future for English-Irish bilingualism in Northern Ireland?' 4.30-5.00 Peter Slomanson (CUNY) 'Athbheochan no/ Meath? Mi/niu/ ar fhailli/ na hAthbheochana go dti/ seo' 5.00-5.30 Karen Corrigan (Newcastle) 'Language attrition in nineteenth century Ireland: emigration as murder machine?' 6.00.7.00 Dinner 7.30-8.30 Keynote Address and Public Lecture: Ken Hale (MIT) Thursday 23 June 1994 8.00-9.00 Breakfast Session A 9.00-9.30 Ann Mulkern & Nancy Stenson (Minnesota) 'Cognitive status, discourse salience and Irish pronominal forms' 9.30-10.00 Nicole M ller (Queen's) 'Passives and Pronouns in Early Irish' 10.00-10.30 Inge Genee (Amsterdam) 'Between abstract noun and infinitive: on the categorial status of the Old and Middle Irish verbal noun' Session B 9.00-9.30 Ailbhe Ni/ Chasaide (Trinity) 'Stop Asimilation in Irish connected speech' 9.30-10.00 Martin Ball (Ulster) & Joan Rahilly (Queen's) 'Spectrographic analysis of /u-/ and /Au-/ in Northern Irish English' 10.00-10.30 Eugene McKendry (St Mary's) 'Phonetic interference and the learning of Irish' 10.30-11.00 Coffee / tea 11.00-11.30 Siobha/n Ni/ Laoire (DIAS) 'Broadcast News: a stylistic analysis of news reports on Raidi na Gaeltachta' 11.30-12.00 Nigel Duffield (McGill) 'Anyone wouldn't believe that: a predictive account of certain (apparently) idiosyncratic constructions in Hiberno-English' 12.00-12.30 Thomas O'Reilly (St Joseph's) 'Computer programs that conjugate Irish Gaelic verbs' 12.30-1.00 Nicole M ller (Queen's), Patricia Kelly & Elva Johnston (RIA) 'CURIA: Towards a Computer Archive of Early and Medieval Irish texts' 1.00-2.00 Lunch 2.00-3.00 Keynote Address: John Harris (University College London) 3.00-3.30 Kevin Hind (Edinburgh) 'Lenition in articulatory phonology' 3.30-4.00 Tea / coffee 4.00-4.30 Raymond Hickey (Essen) 'Lenition in Irish English' 4.30-5.00 Joan Rahilly (Queen's) 'Intonation in Northern Irish English: a neglected variable' 5.00-5.30 Sharon Millar (Odense) '"By George, she's got it"? Problems of accent modification in Belfast' 5.30-6.00 Rona Kingsmore (Northern Ireland) 'Sexual Equality in Language? Forget it!' 7.15 for 7.45 Reception and Conference Dinner. Irish Music and Late Bar in the SCR. Friday 24 June 1994 8.00-9.00 Breakfast Session A 9.00-9.30 Suzanne McDowell (Ulster) 'The Speech and Language of Visually Impaired Children in Northern Ireland' 9.30-10.00 Greg Brooks (NFER) 'Reading Standards in Northern Ireland Revisited: the 1993 reading surveys' 10.00-10.30 Margaret McAliskey (Ulster) 'Specific spelling difficulties encountered by Dyslexic Children in Ireland' Session B 9.00-9.30 John Kirk (Queen's) 'Northern Irish English: a Research Agenda' 9.30-10.00 John Wilson & Jonathan Rose (Ulster) 'Relevance theory and politics in context' 10.00-10.30 Dorothy Kenny (DCU) 'Talking about the weather in Ireland: a contrastive discourse analytic view of English-language weather bulletins and their Irish-language translations' 10.30-11.00 Coffee / tea 11.00-11.30 Michael Montgomery (S. Carolina) & John Kirk (Queen's) 'The verb be in Hiberno-English and its possible connections to American English' 11.30-12.00 Alison Henry (Ulster) 'Indirect questions in Belfast English and the analysis of embedded V2' 12.00-12.30 Norman Creaney (Ulster) 'Scope, dependency and incremental interpretation' 12.45-1.45 Lunch 2.00-2.30 Aisling Rooney (Ulster) 'Children's response to text of children's books' 2.30-3.00 John Wilson (Ulster) 'Discourse of adolescents in Belfast' 3.00-3.30 Brendan Gunn (N. Ireland) 'The Characteristics of Irish Voice in Drama' 3.30-4.00 Tea / coffee 4.00-5.30 Seiminea/r / Seminar Oideachas tri/ Ghaeilge i dTuaisceart E/ireann / Irish Medium Education in N. Ireland. Parasession on the Generative Grammar of Irish Parasheisu/n ar Theangeolai/ocht Ghimiu/nach na Gaeilge 25 June 1994 / Meitheamh 25 1994 University of Ulster at Jordanstown Ollscoil Uladh ag Jordanstown Programme / Cla/r Saturday 25 June 1994 8.00-9.00 Breakfast 9.00-9.40 Andrew Carnie (MIT) 'Complex Predicates and Deriving Copular Word Order' 9.40-10.20 Cathal O'Docherty (UC Santa Cruz) 'The Syntax of Comparative Adjectives in Irish' 10.20-10.40 Tea / Coffee 10.40-11.20 Raymond Hickey (Universit t-GH Essen) 'The Representation of Palatalization in Irish' 11.20-12.00 Ruben van de Vijver (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam) 'Heavy Syllables and Main Stress in Munster Irish' 12.00-12.40 Janet Grijzenhout & Astrid Holtman (Utrecht University) 'Poetic End-Rhyme in Early Middle Irish with special reference to sonority' 12.40-2.00 Lunch 2.00-2.40 Ma/ire Noonan (University College Dublin) 'The that-trace filter in Irish' 2.40-3.20 Siobha/n Cottell (Universite de Geneve) 'Negation and tense in Irish and Standard Arabic' 3.20-3.40 Coffee / Tea 3.40-4.20 Eithne Guilfoyle (University of Calgary) 'Modern Irish VNPs and the internal structure of VP' 4.20-5.00 Nigel Duffield (McGill University) 'Are you right? Pronoun postposing and other problems of Irish word-order' 5.00-5.40 Do/nall O/ Baoill (Institiu/id Teangeolai/ochta E/ireann) 'Double objects and A-chains in Modern Irish' IF YOU WISH TO RECEIVE A BOOKING FORM FOR EITHER THE MAIN CONFERENCE OR PARASESSION OR BOTH CONTACT THE CONFERENCE OFFICE: febh23@uk.ac.ulster.ujvax / fehn23@uk.ac.ulster.ujvax International Conference on Language in Ireland, Dept Communication, University of Ulster at Jordanstown, Newtownabbey, Co Antrim BT37 0QB. N. Ireland. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-404. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-405. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 91 Subject: 5.405 Sum: Concordance programs Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 31 Mar 1994 09:22:12 -0500 (EST) From: ESCATTON@ALBNYVMS.bitnet Subject: summary of responses re: concordance programs -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 31 Mar 1994 09:22:12 -0500 (EST) From: ESCATTON@ALBNYVMS.bitnet Subject: summary of responses re: concordance programs Summary of request for information regarding public domain concordance software. Thanks to all who responded. I. Conc 1.70: probably the premier concordance generator for linguistic work. It will handle interlinear text, but is not limited to it. It is=20 freeware! not public domain. No charge to use, but the owner still retains=20 all rights to it. It allows custom search and sorts. Free Text: it also is Free Ware. I haven't used it yet. I did use one of the earlier versions and it was pretty good. The limitations for linguistic work deal with sorting and the index is all in Capital letters. This could make a difference for some languages. ******************************************************************** II. Two concordance apps come to mind: Conc 1.71 (for the Mac) which is available from several archives and TACT (a DOS app from the University of Toronto which does concordances and a whole lot more. The latter can be 'ftped' directly from U of T for no cost (still I think). The version of TACT I got about a year ago was 1.2b. I chose to order the disk + printed manual (for $30 CAD--that's maybe $21-$22 US at current rates) because ftping DOS software is a problem for me (a Mac user). Anyway, according to my info the e-mail address to find out purchase info is . Their snail mail address is-- Centre for Computing in the Humanities, Robarts Library, Room 14297A, 4 Bancroft Ave., Toronto, ON CANADA, M5S 1A5. ********************************************************************** III. There is a text-retrieval program called TACT which is available via anonymous ftp. You need to ftp epas@utoronto.ca The files you need are in the directory /pub/cch/tact/tact2.1gamma There is an on-line discussion group; a manual will be published soon. *********************************************************************** IV. Tact Discussion List: TACT-L@UTORONTO.bitnet Tact Development Director (as 12/2/93): Ian Lancashire (abbreviated)=20 On January 1, 1994, the beta-test version of TACT 2.1 will cease to work. You *must* download the new version, 2.1 gamma, from the CCH ftp site. As scheduled, by January 1, 1994, you can obtain this new version by anonymous ftp on epas.utoronto.ca in the /pub/cch/tact21 subdirectory (login as "anonymous" and give your e-mail address as the password). The old 1.2 paper manual will be available from CCH for $35 by post until the Modern Language Association publishes the new manual sometime in 1994. TACT will remain freely available on the Internet but the manual will only be available from MLA in New York. It will be sold with diskettes containing TACT and a number of exemplary texts, including Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Jonson's Volpone, Bacon's Essays (1625), and other texts, including some in French and Spanish contributed courtesy of colleagues like William Winder (British Columbia) and Charles Faulhaber (Berkeley). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-405. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-406. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 121 Subject: 5.406 Qs: Intonation, English AP of NP, Group plurals, Eggs and yolks Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 15:03:46 CDT From: EDWARDS@TWSUVM.bitnet Subject: Query: List intonation 2) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 10:47:27 +0000 (GMT) From: Frits.Stuurman@let.ruu.nl Subject: English AP of NP 3) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 15:51:13 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: group plurals 4) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 22:33:34 +0200 (MET DST) From: hartmut@ruc.dk (Hartmut Haberland) Subject: Eggs and yolks in German -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 15:03:46 CDT From: EDWARDS@TWSUVM.bitnet Subject: Query: List intonation In preparation for a research project on list intonation, I am seeking information on the variation in pitch as a list of items is spoken, in particular, so-called "end-list declination." I would like to know of any recent studies that have been done in the area, both within American English and cross-linguistically. There is considerable literature on sentence intonation, but information on end-list intonation is more elusive. Any help with this project will be appreciated. Contact: Hal Edwards (Edwards@TWSUVM) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 10:47:27 +0000 (GMT) From: Frits.Stuurman@let.ruu.nl Subject: English AP of NP In Donna Tartt's *The Secret History* I came across the phrase *[Perhaps he (= Bunny) was in] too great of a hurry*. I know that Abney adduces such structures in his DP-thesis in support of the hypothesis that A is the head in English A-N combinations. I must admit that as a non-native I have remained somewhat suspicious that such structures might not really exist. But obviously they do. Does anyone know of any other literature (mainstream like Abney or otherwise) that describes and/or discusses the AP of NP structure? If there proves to be a sizeable amount of info, I will post a summary. A few years ago I wrote a paper about constructions like *too big an error* vs. *big an error (though it was)*. So another question that I have about English AP of NP is: do native speakers have any intuitions about the status of a sentence like (i) big of an error though it was, I can't be angry at him Specifically, is (i) any worse (or better!?) than (ii): (ii) big an error though it was, I can't be angry at him Thanks for any help. Frits Stuurman (Utrecht University) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 15:51:13 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: group plurals In some languages there is a plural morpheme that occurs with proper names or names of relatives to designate a group of people consisting of the person named and his associates or relatives. One language that has this is Tagalog, another is Turkish, a third one is Hungarian. For example, in Hungarian one could say "Smith-ek", meaning 'Smith and his group (family etc.)' rather than meaning 'more than one Smith'. I am interested in the crosslinguistic distribution of this "group plural" and the specifics of its morphology, syntax, and semantics. If your language(s) have it, could you let me know? I will post a summary. Thank you very much. Edith Moravcsik (edith@convex.csd.uwm.edu) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 5 Apr 1994 22:33:34 +0200 (MET DST) From: hartmut@ruc.dk (Hartmut Haberland) Subject: Eggs and yolks in German This query will mainly be of interest to native speakers of German, but I think there are quite some on the list. Well, if we can discuss southern (sc. US) accents and Canadian raising, why not regional German semantics? There are (I think) some people (speakers of German, that is) who distinguish between Eiweiss 'albumin, protein' = a chemical substance and Weissei 'the white of the egg' = the egg minus shell and yolk. Is this correct, and in which areas within the German speaking area are they to be found? Is there an analogue distinction between Eigelb 'egg yolk as a substance' and Gelbei 'egg yolk as part of the egg'. If yes, again, where? The Grimms' Wo"rterbuch lists both Weissei and Eiweiss, but only Eigelb (as a variant of Eiergelb, which I must consider as obsolete today.) Hartmut Haberland Dept. of Languages and Culture University of Roskilde Denmark -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-406. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-407. Thu 07 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 103 Subject: 5.407 Qs: Software, Text alignment, Translation-asst analysis, Chomsky Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 15:58:03 +0100 (WET DST) From: a mcelligott Subject: 2) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 1994 04:07:42 -0400 (EDT) From: Jorge Antonio Baldizo'n Paguaga Subject: Query: Text Alignment 3) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 1994 03:52:42 -0400 (EDT) From: Jorge Antonio Baldizo'n Paguaga Subject: Query: translation-assisted analysis 4) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 14:17:25 -0400 From: Dan Hardt Subject: Chomsky (57) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 15:58:03 +0100 (WET DST) From: a mcelligott Subject: Hi, I wish to know if anyone has attempted/developed tools for taking a windows application and translating the dialog boxes, menus etc. into another language automatically or with some post editing involved. Thanks in advance, Annette McElligott, CSIS Dept., University of Limerick, Ireland. Tel +353-61-333644 ext 5024 Fax +353-61-330876 Email mcelligotta@ul.ie -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 1994 04:07:42 -0400 (EDT) From: Jorge Antonio Baldizo'n Paguaga Subject: Query: Text Alignment Does anyone know of text-alignment efforts at the word level? (As opposed to a by-product of sentence alignment?) Thanks, Jorge (IN%"baldizoj@guvax.georgetown.edu") -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 1994 03:52:42 -0400 (EDT) From: Jorge Antonio Baldizo'n Paguaga Subject: Query: translation-assisted analysis Does anyone have any information about attempts to use translated texts to: 1) correct OCR output, 2) do POS tagging, 3) disambiguate senses, 4) do anaphora resolution, or 5) perform other types of analysis? Thanks, Jorge (IN%"baldizoj@guvax.georgetown.edu") -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 14:17:25 -0400 From: Dan Hardt Subject: Chomsky (57) I am looking for references to discussion of Chomsky's argument in Syntactic Structures chapter three that English is not a finite state language. please respond by e-mail. thanks in advance dan hardt Villanova University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-407. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-408. Fri 08 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 76 Subject: 5.408 Jobs: Assistant Professor, French Position Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 19:34 EDT From: "E_Dean.Detrich" <22743MGR@msu.edu> Subject: Job Announcement 2) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 19:49 EDT From: "E_Dean.Detrich" <22743MGR@msu.edu> Subject: French Position -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 19:34 EDT From: "E_Dean.Detrich" <22743MGR@msu.edu> Subject: Job Announcement Job Announcement Michigan State University +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Assistant Professor. Tenure Track. Pending approval. To begin 15 August 1994. Coordinator of Spanish Language Instruction. Responsibilities include training and supervising graduate teaching assistants and coordinating the lower-division language program.. Ph.D., native or near-native proficiency in Spanish, excellence in teaching and demonstrable achievement in scholarship are required. Candidates with training or experience in Linguistics, Methodology, Language Acquisition, or other relevant fields are especially encouraged to apply. Applications will continue to be considered until the position is filled. Please send a letter of application, a recent curriculum vitae, and dossier including at least three letters of reference to: Michael S. Koppisch, Chair, Department of Romance and Classical Languages, 256 Old Horticulture Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1112. Michigan State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Institution. Handicappers have the right to request and receive reasonable accommodation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 05 Apr 94 19:49 EDT From: "E_Dean.Detrich" <22743MGR@msu.edu> Subject: French Position FRENCH. Assistant or Associate Professor. Tenure Track. Pending approval. To begin 15 August 1994. Coordinator of French Language Instruction. Responsibilities include training and supervising graduate teaching assistants and coordinating the lower-division language program. Ph.D., native or near- native proficiency in French (ACTFL or FSI scores welcome), excellence in teaching and demonstrable achievement in scholarship are required. Experience and publicaitons in foreign language teacher education are desirable, as is previous participation in K-12 outreach activities. Candidates with training or experience in Linguistics, Methodology, Language Acquisition, or other relevant fields are especially encouraged to apply. Please send a letter of applicaiton, a recent curriculum vitae, and dossier including at least three letters of reference to: Michael S. Koppisch, Chair, Department of Romance and Classical Languages, 256 Old Horticulture Building, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1112. Deadline for receipt of applications is 30 April 1994. Michigan State University is an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Institution. Handicappers have the right to request and receive reasonable accommodation. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-408. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-409. Fri 08 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 150 Subject: 5.409 Confs: Computational Phonology Workshop (1 July 1994) Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 16:03:01 +0100 From: Steven Bird Subject: Computational Phonology Workshop (1 July 1994) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 16:03:01 +0100 From: Steven Bird Subject: Computational Phonology Workshop (1 July 1994) SIGPHON WORKSHOP -- SECOND ANNOUNCEMENT 1st Meeting of the ACL Special Interest Group in Computational Phonology 1 July 1994 New Mexico State University Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA in conjunction with the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics 27-30 June 1994 Sponsored by the Association for Computational Linguistics and the European Network in Language and Speech (ELSNET) The first SIGPHON workshop has attracted a wide-ranging collection of high quality papers. This event will be an ideal opportunity for researchers in this rapidly growing field to share their results and for newcomers to the field to learn about the latest work. PROGRAM: Ron Kaplan (Invited Speaker): A brief history of regular phonology Steven Bird: The Phonetic Interpretation of Tone and a Genetic Algorithm for Tone Transcription Thomas C. Bourgeois and Richard T. Oehrle: Qualitative and Quantitative Dynamics of Vowels Timothy Cartwright & Michael Brent: Segmenting Speech without a Lexicon: Evidence for a Bootstrapping Model of Lexical Acquisition T. Mark Ellison: Constraints, Exceptions and Representations Michael Mastroianni & Bob Carpenter: Constraint-based Morpho-phonology Michael Maxwell: Parsing using linearly ordered phonological rules Gerald Penn & Richmond Thomason: Default Finite State Machines and Finite State Phonology Sheila M Williams: Lexical Phonology and Speech Style: Using a model to test a theory REGISTRATION: Registration fees are $US 20 for participants who register by 15 May 1994. Later registration will be more expensive. Registration includes a copy of the proceedings, along with lunch and refreshments on the day of the workshop. Acceptable forms of payment are US$ cheques payable to "ACL" or credit card (VISA/Mastercard) payment. Please submit the following form along with payment: name: institution: address: email: payment: credit card info: dietary requirements: Please send to: Leeann Jackson-Eve (SIGPHON Workshop) University of Edinburgh Centre for Cognitive Science 2 Buccleuch Place Edinburgh EH8 9LW Scotland, U.K. Email: Fax: +44 31 650 4587 PROGRAM COMMITTEE: Steven Bird (chair), John Coleman, Mark Ellison, Michael Gasser, Richard Sproat. TUTORIAL: A half day tutorial on computational phonology will be given immediately before the ACL conference, on 27 June. It will introduce computational phonology and to review some of the recent developments in the field. For further information contact . ACL INFORMATION: For other information on the ACL conference which precedes the workshop and on the ACL more generally, please use the ACL LISTSERV, described below. ACL LISTSERV: LISTSERV is a facility to allow access to an electronic document archive by electronic mail. The ACL LISTSERV has been set up at Columbia University's Department of Computer Science. Requests from the archive should be sent as e-mail messages to listserv@cs.columbia.edu with an empty subject field and the message body containing the request command. The most useful requests are "help" for general help on using LISTSERV, "index acl-l" for the current contents of the ACL archive and "get acl-l " to get a particular file named from the archive. For example, to get an ACL membership form, a message with the following body should be sent: get acl-l membership-form.txt Answers to requests are returned by e-mail. Since the server may have many requests for different archives to process, requests are queued up and may take a while (say, overnight) to be fulfilled. The ACL archive can also be accessed by anonymous FTP. Here is an example of how to get the same file by FTP (user typein is underlined): $ ftp cs.columbia.edu ------------------- Name (cs.columbia.edu:pereira): anonymous --------- Password:pereira@research.att.com << not echoed ------------------------ ftp> cd acl-l -------- ftp> get membership-form.txt.Z ------------------------- ftp> quit ---- $ uncompress membership-form.txt.Z -------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-409. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-410. Fri 08 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 78 Subject: 5.410 FYI: World Wide Web speaks Mambila, Milwaukee Working Papers Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 4 Apr 1994 05:37:34 +0000 From: zeitlyn@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: World Wide Web speaks Mambila 2) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 10:43:25 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: Milwaukee Working Papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 4 Apr 1994 05:37:34 +0000 From: zeitlyn@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: World Wide Web speaks Mambila A version of a Mambila transcript with digitized recordings has now been prepared for World Wide Web and hence is accessible to those using a wide variety of machines. The document in question is an electronic version of the transcript included (pp 213-215) in my paper that has appeared in the anthropology journal Man in 1993. This version, includes digitised sound recordings of the talk transcribed in the text. The purpose of doing this is to make more of my data available. I trust that this will be of interest to linguists as well as to anthropologists and others. In order to protect the copyright of the RAI (the journal publishers) I am only making the actual transcript available in this package. The full reference to the article is: Zeitlyn, David 1993. Reconstructing kinship or the pragmatics of kin talk. Man 28 (2), 199-224. The files can be found at http://rsl.ox.ac.uk/isca/mambila/mambila.html The earlier version for users of Word 5 on Macintosh is available on the RSL Gopher server in the directory gopher://rsl.ox.ac.uk/11/anthro-corn/ If you are using a gopher client, connect to rsl.ox.ac.uk, and look inside the anthropology corner. Comments on these files are welcome, especially reports from those who do NOT succeed in accessing the sound files. With the considerable help and encouragement of David Price from the Radcliffe Science Library these are in a UNIX 'ulaw' format which we have succeeded in playing on unix machines and on the Macintosh on which the files were processed. reports from those on other platforms would be welcomed. Dr David Zeitlyn, British Academy Research Fellow, University of Oxford, Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, 51 Banbury Rd, Oxford, OX2 6PE, UK Tel. 44-865-274685 FAX 44-865-274630 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 10:43:25 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: Milwaukee Working Papers LINGUIST List: Vol-5-410. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-410. Sat 09 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 165 Subject: 5.410 Confs: 7th TWENTE WORKSHOP ON LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY (TWLT7) Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 8 Apr 94 17:02:58 +0200 From: andernac@cs.utwente.nl (Toine Andernach) Subject: 7th TWENTE WORKSHOP ON LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY (TWLT7) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 8 Apr 94 17:02:58 +0200 From: andernac@cs.utwente.nl (Toine Andernach) Subject: 7th TWENTE WORKSHOP ON LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY (TWLT7) 7th TWENTE WORKSHOP ON LANGUAGE TECHNOLOGY (TWLT7) Computer-Assisted Language Learning 16 and 17 June 1994 University of Twente Enschede, The Netherlands Goal ---- TWLT7 aims to present both the state of the art in CALL and the new perspectives in the research and development of software that is meant to be used in a language curriculum. By the mix of themes to be addressed in 15 papers we hope to bring about the exchange of ideas between people of various backgrounds. Both developers and users are invited to join the workshop. Overview of papers ------------------ Henry Hamburger (GMU, Washington, USA) Viewpoint Abstraction: a Key to Conversational Learning Marjolein van Bodegom (Eurolinguist, Nijmegen, The Netherlands) The Eurolinguist testing system: from an adaptive to a predictive system Bas Cartigny (Escape, Tilburg, The Netherlands) CD-ROM: ideal for language learning Jozef Colpaert (Didascalia, University of Antwerp, Belgium) Object oriented linguistic contents and strategies in multimedia CALL H. Altay Guvenir (Bilkent University, Ankara) Using a Corpus to Teach Turkish Morphology Jos Jaspers/Gellof Kanselaar/Wil Kok (University of Utrecht, The Netherlands) Foreign language learning with IT'S ENGLISH Gerard Kempen (University of Leiden, The Netherlands) Towards an integrated computational environment for spelling, grammar and writing instruction Kurt Kohn (University of Tuebingen, Germany) Multilingual communication and language learning: a challenge for technology development Anja Krueger/Petra Ludewig/Friedrich Kronenberg (University of Osnabrueck, Germany) CAVOL, Computer Assisted Vocabulary Learning Sylvia Lobbe (Rotterdam Polytechnic, The Netherlands/EUROCALL) Teachers, Students and IT: how to get teachers to integrate IT into the language curriculum Joep Rous/Lisette Appelo (Institute for Perception Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands) The APPEAL system: interactive language learning in a multimedia environment Camilla Schwind (Universite de Marseille, France) A Knowledge Based Approach to Language Tutoring Roberta Stock (SLO, Enschede, The Netherlands/Qmultimedia, Israel) Interactief Nederlands: a multimedia system for learning Dutch as a second language June Thompson (CTI, Hull, United Kingdom/EUROCALL) TELL (Technology Enhanced Language Learning) into the mainstream curriculum Michael Zock (Limsi, Paris, France) Language in action, or learning a language by watching how it works Demonstrations -------------- There will be at least 10 system demonstrations. Registration ------------ Registration should be received before May 31. Registration can be done by sending mail or email to the organizing secretariat (address below). Please include: Mr/Mrs, first name, initials, surname, institute/company name and address, telephone/telefax/email address. (Form attached below.) The workshop fee is Dfl. 150,- Undergraduate students pay Dfl. 60,. The fee includes the proceedings of the workshop, lunches on June 16 and 17, coffee and tea during the breaks and the informal reception on June 16. Payment ------- Payment can be done in advance: a) preferrably by Visa, American Express or Eurocard (the form attached below should be returned by post or by telefax!!) b) by Bank transfer in Dutch guilders to: ING-Bank, account nr. 66.48.88.003 Department of Computer Science University of Twente PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands mentioning: nr. 5335315/TWLT7, plus your name(s) and affiliation c) by sending a (euro)cheque to convention bureau BASICS (cheque must be made payable to the address under b above) or on arrival at the conference site (June 16). All payments must be free of transfer charges. Transfer charges will be deducted from your hotel deposit or must be paid upon arrival at the registration desk. Workshop Organizing Secretariat ------------------------------- Convention Bureau BASICS PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. Tel: +31 53 332035, Fax: +31 53 356770, E-mail: J.A.Spierenburg@basics.utwente.nl Organization ------------ TWLT7 is an initiative of Franciska de Jong, (University of Twente) and Lisette Appelo (Institute for Perception Research (IPO), Eindhoven) and is organized in cooperation with the Parlevink Project, a language theory and technology project of the University of Twente. Overview of the previous TWLT workshops: TWLT1, March 1991: Tomita's Algorithm: Extensions and Applications. TWLT2, November 1991: Linguistic Engineering: Tools and Products. TWLT3, May 1992: Connectionism and Natural Language Processing. TWLT4, September 1992: Pragmatics in Natural Language Processing. TWLT5, June 1993: Natural Language Interfaces TWLT6, December 1993: Parsing Natural Language Workshop proceedings can be ordered via the organizing secretariat. Convention Bureau BASICS P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands Telefax : +31 53 356770 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-410. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-411. Sat 09 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 112 Subject: 5.411 Qs: They, Computational Arabic, IPA to ASCII, Mac fonts Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 8 Apr 1994 11:15:53+1200 From: Kon Kuiper Subject: Singular 'they' 2) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 14:38:16 CET From: LACINA@PLPUAM11.BITNET Subject: Computational Analysis of Arabic 3) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 94 13:19:46 CET From: Grzesiek Staniak Subject: IPA to ASCII 4) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 1994 12:54:13 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: Chinese Characters for the Macintosh -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 8 Apr 1994 11:15:53+1200 From: Kon Kuiper Subject: Singular 'they' One of our graduates not on e-mail is working on 'singular they', i.e. the use of they with singular antecedent. She is interested particularly in cases where the gender of the antecedent is specified, e.g. the word 'boy'. She would be interested in knowing if there is other work going on in this topic and if there are collections of data pertaining to it. All help gratefully received. Kon Kuiper -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 14:38:16 CET From: LACINA@PLPUAM11.BITNET Subject: Computational Analysis of Arabic May I get information or contact with the persons who interest in: 1) computational analysis of Arabic morphology 2) Automatic Arabic - English translation? Dr. Jerzy Lacina A. Mickiewicz University Dept. of Middle and Near Eastern Studies Poznan - Poland e-mail: LACINA@PLPUAM11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 94 13:19:46 CET From: Grzesiek Staniak Subject: IPA to ASCII Greetings, Does anybody know how to represent the IPA phonetic alphabet in the ASCII code? I'm writing quite a lot of letters now about phonology and have to use transcri iption quite often in them, so that my own provisional inventions do not suffic e. Are there any standards of such representation? Are you aware of any files c oncerning them that I could download? I'm interested in the whole of IPA signs, even the more exotic ones. Thanks for help. Please write to the address below. Grzesiek Staniak IRC nicknames: gs, gips -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 1994 12:54:13 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: Chinese Characters for the Macintosh I wonder if anyone might know of any good packages for printing Chinese characters on the Macintosh. I've come across a package by the Taiwanese company Chiyi ("qiyi" in pinyin), but the characters are rather oddly shaped and somewhat jagged. I've seen a mainland package for the IBM that's quite good, but I don't know what it's called or whether there is a Mac version. I'd be very grateful if someone can tell me. Wenchao Li Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-411. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-412. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 137 Subject: 5.412 Qs: X-bar, Bibliography, Deaf education, Double-headed RCs Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 09 Apr 94 14:47:17 BST From: Bill Bennett Subject: Earlier X-bar 2) Date: Sat, 09 Apr 94 23:44 CDT From: Tom Cravens Subject: Linguistics for language majors 3) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 17:54:39 BS3 From: Luiz Carlos Souza Subject: please post in linguist 4) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 1994 17:36:30 -0500 (EST) From: Matthew Dryer Subject: double-headed RCs -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sat, 09 Apr 94 14:47:17 BST From: Bill Bennett Subject: Earlier X-bar I should like to know of any subscriber who may be working on the connection between X-bar theory and Jespersen's use of the varieties of -nexus- in English. I would not like to overlap other work in progress. Bill Bennett (WAB2@phx.cam.ac.uk) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 09 Apr 94 23:44 CDT From: Tom Cravens Subject: Linguistics for language majors I am attempting to compile a bibliography of publications discussing linguistics for those doing degrees in language-and-literature departments, at all levels. I have a few titles, but either there's not much written, or the usual linguistics bibliographies don't cover the issue well. In addition to citations, I am interested in comments (and details of courses, programs, etc.) from those working in departments which have linguistics as an integral part of degrees. Any information would be much appreciated, and I would be happy to post a summary if list members request it. Tom Cravens Dept of French and Italian University of Wisconsin-Madison cravens@macc.wisc.edu cravens@wiscmacc.bitnet Phone 608-273-8897 Fax 608-265-3892 ("To Tom Cravens") -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 17:54:39 BS3 From: Luiz Carlos Souza Subject: please post in linguist Mr. Luiz Carlos SOUZA, a linguist in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, would like to make contact with other researchers who are developing HIV/AIDS education programmes for deaf communities all over the world, taking into consideration sign language as first language (L1) and oral language as a second language (L2). Mr. SOUZA holds a BA in Letters (Portuguese- English), and is a linguistics student and a English teacher. He holds two postgraduate degrees in applied linguistics and deaf education (bilingualism). His areas of research are: reading and deafness, HIV/AIDS education programmes for the Brazilian deaf community and English Language Teaching. ************************************************************************* * Luiz Carlos Souza (Mr.) : S/he who has not a dog goes * * Federal University of Rio de Janeiro : hunting with a cat * * : (Portuguese Proverb) * * Caixa Postal 16.285 : * * Largo do Machado : * * Rio de Janeiro - RJ : * * CEP 22.222-970 : * * BRAZIL : * * : * * Telephone: 55 (21) 245-2069 : * * (residence) : * * : * * E-mail: LCSOUZA@BRLNCC.BITNET or : * * LCSOUZA@VM.LNCC.BR (internet): * ************************************************************************* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 1994 17:36:30 -0500 (EST) From: Matthew Dryer Subject: double-headed RCs Kombai, a language of Irian Jaya (western New Guinea) (described by Lourens de Vries, 1989 University of Amsterdam doctoral thesis entitled "Studies in Wambon and Kombai", pp. 212ff), has a construction for relative clauses that one might describe as "double-headed": it combines the features of externally-headed and internally-headed relative clauses in having a noun that is outside (and after) the relative clause and that is modified by the relative clause, but also an NP inside the relative clause denoting the thing in question, as in (1). (1) [[Doue adianon-o] doue] deyalukhe sago gave,3pl-link sago finished The sago they gave is finished. In many cases, the noun outside the relative clause is semantically more general than the noun inside the relative clause, as in (2). (2) [[Yare gamo-khereja bogin-o] rumu] ... old.man join.work do,3sg-link person The old man who is joining the work ... Is anyone aware of any other language with relative clauses of this sort? (I realize that corelative clauses, common in Indic languages, are something like this, except that in the case of corelative clauses the relative clause plus external NP do not form a constituent.) Matthew Dryer lindryer@ubvms.cc.buffalo.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-412. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-413. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 89 Subject: 5.413 Generics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 1994 18:53:04 +1000 From: Bert.Peeters@modlang.utas.edu.au (Bert Peeters) Subject: Re: 5.399 Sum: Generics 2) Date: Fri, 8 Apr 1994 22:12:55 -0500 From: Knud Lambrecht Subject: Re: 5.399 Sum: Generics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 1994 18:53:04 +1000 From: Bert.Peeters@modlang.utas.edu.au (Bert Peeters) Subject: Re: 5.399 Sum: Generics >Date: Mon, 4 Apr 1994 17:57:58 -0500 >From: Michael Kac >Julie Auger -- who also drew my attention to Dahl's paper -- >argues in a paper of her own (see References, below)that in >colloquial French the distal demonstrative pronoun *c,a* has >developed into a generic marker as used in sentences like > > (1) Les hommes, c,a parlent tout le temps. > the men that talks all the time > 'Men talk all the time.' > > (2) Les hommes, ils parlent tout le temps. > they > (ambiguous as bet. generic and nongeneric interp.) > >In her analysis, *c,a* is associated syntactically with the verb but >forces a generic construal on the subject. And of course, since *c,a* is associated syntactically with the verb, the latter should be singular (*parle*). On this construction, see also Nicolas Ruwet, *Syntax and human experience* (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1991), ch.3, par. 1.3., and Maria Manoliu-Manea, "French neuter demonstratives: evidence for a pragma-semantic definition of pronouns", in *Variation and Change in French. Essays presented to Rebecca Posner on the occasion of her sixtieth birthday* (John N> Green and Wendy Ayres-Bennett, eds, London: Routledge, 1990). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Fri, 8 Apr 1994 22:12:55 -0500 From: Knud Lambrecht Subject: Re: 5.399 Sum: Generics Re: generic pronoun in French Julie Auger correctly, in my view, analyzes (1) Les hommes, c,a parle tout le temps as containing a "generic" C,A. (Incidentally, the verb form should be as in my (1) above, not as in Michael Kac's quoted version (*c,a parlent.) In my 1981 monograph on topic constructions in spoken French I made an analogous observation, and I gave the minimal pair (2) Elle est ou, la salade? (3) C'est ou, la salade? where in (2) the speaker inquires about a particular head of lettuce while in (3) she might inquire, e.g., about the lettuce section in a supermarket. I would say, though, that it might be a bit misleading to call the pronoun C,A in (1) or (3) a "generic pronoun". Rather, C,A has this meaning only within the particular grammatical construction (NP ca VP), i.e. we have not a *generic pronoun* but a *generic construction*. The distinction is relevant within Construction Grammar. Knud Lambrecht -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-413. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-414. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 143 Subject: 5.414 FYI: World Wide Web speaks Mambila, Electronic Preprint Server Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 4 Apr 1994 05:37:34 +0000 From: zeitlyn@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: World Wide Web speaks Mambila 2) Date: Sat, 9 Apr 94 13:29:01 EDT From: shieber@das.harvard.edu Subject: Computation and Language Electronic Preprint Server -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 4 Apr 1994 05:37:34 +0000 From: zeitlyn@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: World Wide Web speaks Mambila A version of a Mambila transcript with digitized recordings has now been prepared for World Wide Web and hence is accessible to those using a wide variety of machines. The document in question is an electronic version of the transcript included (pp 213-215) in my paper that has appeared in the anthropology journal Man in 1993. This version, includes digitised sound recordings of the talk transcribed in the text. The purpose of doing this is to make more of my data available. I trust that this will be of interest to linguists as well as to anthropologists and others. In order to protect the copyright of the RAI (the journal publishers) I am only making the actual transcript available in this package. The full reference to the article is: Zeitlyn, David 1993. Reconstructing kinship or the pragmatics of kin talk. Man 28 (2), 199-224. The files can be found at http://rsl.ox.ac.uk/isca/mambila/mambila.html The earlier version for users of Word 5 on Macintosh is available on the RSL Gopher server in the directory gopher://rsl.ox.ac.uk/11/anthro-corn/ If you are using a gopher client, connect to rsl.ox.ac.uk, and look inside the anthropology corner. Comments on these files are welcome, especially reports from those who do NOT succeed in accessing the sound files. With the considerable help and encouragement of David Price from the Radcliffe Science Library these are in a UNIX 'ulaw' format which we have succeeded in playing on unix machines and on the Macintosh on which the files were processed. reports from those on other platforms would be welcomed. Dr David Zeitlyn, British Academy Research Fellow, University of Oxford, Institute of Social and Cultural Anthropology, 51 Banbury Rd, Oxford, OX2 6PE, UK Tel. 44-865-274685 FAX 44-865-274630 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sat, 9 Apr 94 13:29:01 EDT From: shieber@das.harvard.edu Subject: Computation and Language Electronic Preprint Server Dear colleagues: Increasingly, preprints of papers on topics relating to computation and language are being distributed electronically over the Internet and other networks connected to it, by email, anonymous FTP, and other means, through informal mailing lists and ad hoc arrangements. In an effort to promote and rationalize this burgeoning mode of information exchange, we have set up a fully automated electronic archive with email, ftp, and WWW/Mosaic interfaces for papers on the topics of: o computational linguistics, o natural-language processing, o speech processing, o and related fields The success of such a system depends on its being actively supported, promoted, and used by the community. I hope that you will make your own papers available through this service, and will encourage your colleagues and students to do the same. In particular, I hope you will: o Retrieve a longer announcement message from the server, by sending a message to cmp-lg@xxx.lanl.gov with subject `get announce.txt' and empty body. o Retrieve information about how to subscribe to and use the server, by sending a message to cmp-lg@xxx.lanl.gov with subject `help' and empty body. o Subscribe to the server, so that you will automatically get regular listings of titles/authors/abstracts of papers submitted to the server. (I highly recommend subscribing, even if you expect to retrieve papers primarily through cmp-lg's WWW interface. Subscription means that you will be kept up to date on available papers without your having to remember to actively check for new papers. And the service will not stuff your mailbox; you will receive at most one message per day, and even that only on days new papers are submitted.) o Submit your own papers to the server, to make them widely and easily available to the community. ooo Most importantly, pass the word to your colleagues and students, either by forwarding this message to them, or sending them a personal note. I realize that this message may leave you with many unanswered questions about the functionality and operation of the cmp-lg archive server. Many of these questions will be answered in the announcement and help messages available as described above. However, if you have any further questions (or just want to register an opinion about the endeavor), please do not hesitate to contact me directly by reply email, or send a message to cmp-lg@xxx.lanl.gov with subject `comment' and your comments and questions in the body of the message. Thank you for your help in getting this project underway. Stuart Shieber shieber@das.harvard.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-414. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-415. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 92 Subject: 5.415 FYI: Milwaukee Working Papers Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 10:43:25 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: Milwaukee Working Papers -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 10:43:25 -0500 (CDT) From: Edith A Moravcsik Subject: Milwaukee Working Papers The following issues of _MILWAUKEE STUDIES ON LANGUAGE_ (the linguistics working paper series of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee) are available for sale. The price per issue is $5.50 including mailing; make out checks to "UWM Department of English"; send to Michael Noonan Department of Linguistics University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 For further information, e-mail to Mickey Noonan: noonan@convex.csd.uwm.edu ISSUE #7, August l993: Gyongyi Boldog: Some aspects of communication through the answering machine Garry Davis and Gregory Iverson: Theta-l in Gothic Gregory Iverson and Garry Davis: The phonology of the Proto-Indo-European root structure constraints Gregory Iverson and Hyang-Sook Sohn: Liquid representation in Korean Edith Moravcsik: Infixing Michael Noonan: A preliminary survey of the noun class system of Kabre ISSUE #6, March l992: Werner Abraham: Text-grammatical considerations for German, or Theme- Rheme constituency in German and the question of configurationality C.R. Clamans, Ann Mulkern, and Gerald Sanders: Syntagmatic and para- digmatic salience signaling in Oromo Garry Davis: Lexical representations, reanalysis, and morphemes of recent origin in English Gregoy Iverson: The stipulation of extraprosodicity in syllabic phonology Isao Ueda: Allophonic variation in a functional misarticulation system of Japanese ISSUE #5, March l991: Gregory Iverson: (Post)lexical rule application Patricia Kilroe: The grammaticalization of French _`a_ Edith Moravcsik: Why is syntax complicated? Michael Noonan: Anti-dative shift ISSUE #4, April l990: Michael Darnell: Control and ergativity in Squamish Doris Hansen: A study of the effect of the acculturation model on second language acquisition Michael Noonan: The tale of two passives in Irish ISSUE #3, March l989: Ellen Barton and Ruth Ray: Summary as interpretation Alan Corre: From classical language to vernacular - three case studies Jane Danielewicz: Sentences in children's spoken and written language Ruth Ray: World view and academic discourse: an analysis of ESL writing Charles Schuster: The ideology of illiteracy: a Bakhtinian perspective ISSUE #2, March l989: Jun Amano: The relationship between substitution and perception of sounds in second language acquisition Michael Darnell: The prosodic hierarchy and Milton: an attempt to account for inversion Pamela Downing: Constraints on numeral quantifier float in Japanese Fred Eckman, Edith Moravcsik, and Jessica Wirth: Interlanguages - how language-like are they? ISSUE #1, July 1987 (sold out; write to xerox copies of inidivual articles) Alan Corre: Hebrew - some modest proposals Patricia Goldstein: Universals in interlanguage: a preliminary study Michael Hammond: Destressing rules in metrical theory Jennifer Petersen: Word-internal code-switching in a bilingual child's grammar -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-415. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-416. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 75 Subject: 5.416 Sum: Solipsism Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 94 09:05:13 EDT From: cirnoet@aol.com Subject: Solipsism: summary & new request -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Fri, 08 Apr 94 09:05:13 EDT From: cirnoet@aol.com Subject: Solipsism: summary & new request Dear Colleagues, About 6 months ago, I placed a request on the List for any information on Solipsism. More than just information, I was hoping to create some interesting conversation and dialog. I would like to thank all those individuals that did respond to my request. In summarizing their responses, I will not mention names, but list the following general comments received at the end of this message. In order to stimulate a discussion again, I would like to post the following poem I wrote and a comment that follows. The Perpetual I Alone here on my back In a cold wet swamp of foreign soil Stunned by snipers bullets in the vitals But calmed seeing clearly that the Leafless tree tops Drifting clouds Clear blue sky and World are coming to their end Before my very eyes. Don Smith Bridgewater, NH USA Solipsists never die, they obliterate the world by closing the minds eye creating nothingness beyond the primordial self which possesses the total power and essence of biological life until the very last breath. Please comment directly to my email address CirNoet@AOL.com. I look forward to a lively discussion. In the meantime, here are the responses to my inquiry of 6 months past: I was referred to Tibor Machan's Individuals and Their Rights for a distinction between conceptions of the human self that suggest solipsism and subjectivism v.s ones that do not. See also David L. Norton's Personal Destinies, A Philosophy of Ethical Indivisualism (Princeton, 1976). There were several dictionary definitions of Solipsism (OED, Collins, and Petit Robert) which are appreciated. I was reminded of "Lacan and his 'mirror' stage of childhood development: the wholeness a child sees in the mirror is of course illusory, a representation." (comment from Marcus Banks) Sincerely, Don Smith Bridgewater, NH USA Email: CirNoet@AOL.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-416. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-417. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 206 Subject: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 04 Apr 94 13:15:02 CDT From: Michael Picone Subject: Re: 5.381 Varia: Tocharians, NPR 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 14:27:09 -0500 (CDT) From: Joseph P Stemberger Subject: North American vs. British accents -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 04 Apr 94 13:15:02 CDT From: Michael Picone Subject: Re: 5.381 Varia: Tocharians, NPR Due to a posting mix-up, Mark A. Mandel (and probably many others) were mystified as to the antecedents of a recent posting to this list about anti-Southern bias expressed in the media. The source of the mix-up was the fact that there has been a discussion along these lines on the American Dialect Society list. A contributor simply posted a comment to the wrong list. Since this topic, to the extent that it is related to perceived and/or stereotyped speech habits and to the extent that it finds expression in derogartory language, may be of interest to participants to this list, and since I am the author of two of the original postings that got the discussion going, I will re-post my two messages here, as well as a recent message authored by Dennis Preston. Mike Picone University of Alabama mpicone@ua1vm.ua.edu ============================================================= 41 Date: Sat, 12 Mar 1994 20:18:12 CST From: Mike Picone The subject of actors & accents has become more intriguing to me since transplanting to the South. While it is true that when Meryl Streep tries to imitate a Polish accent, for example, there are relatively few people, other than linguists, who are listening while undertaking meta-accentual monitoring, this is not true when it comes to the portrayal of Southern speech habits. Untold numbers of Southerners are, despite themselves, very much aware of the artificiallity that, for them, is injected into a film when non-Southerners attempt to mimic their speech. Hollywood, and America in general, often give the impression that the South is a forgotten audience. So accents will conform to Northern stereotypes of what constitutes Southern speech, especially when, as is so often the case, the white "Southerner" is to be the clown, villain, village idiot, rabid Bible thumper or whatever. I remember thinking to myself during the last presidential election, that NPR's occasional derisive use of the term "bubba vote" made it clear that condescension towards the (white) South was not considered a PC faux pas. True, "bubba" does not have quite the same negative force as do "redneck" and various racial slurs, but it was clearly less than respectful. NPR commentators were not sensitive to this and seemingly shared the perenniel blind-spot that prevails in American media when it comes to the South. Mike Picone University of Alabama ================================================================= 26 Date: Wed, 23 Mar 1994 10:08:06 CST From: Mike Picone Just for the record, I heard another instance of NPR anti-Southern bias this morning on the radio. Cokie Roberts was referring to some federal legislator (whose name I didn't catch) when she said that he "mumbled in a Mississippi drawl that nobody understands." I will bet money that the person in question was a white Southerner, for she would never have permitted herself such a derogatory remark if it had been otherwise. In fact, the insult is all the greater because of the exaggeration, for even if someone of another ethnic group conceivably spoke a divergent variety of English or an "accented" variety that impeded comprehension, such a remark would be considered inappropriate. Yet in this case it is not credible that the variety of English she is referring to is actually unintelligible to her or anyone else, but she did not hesitate to use exaggeration to make a negative insinuation based on linguistic habits. Mike Picone University of Alabama ============================================================= 19 Date: Sun, 3 Apr 1994 10:32:00 EDT From: "Dennis.Preston" <22709MGR@MSU.BITNET> Move over Cokie Roberts. More Southern speech-bashing; this time from the Lansing (MI) State Journal (3/3/94), commenting on the retirement of Charles Kuralt. 'For 37 years, Charles Kuralt has shown us what network news can be - calm, thoughtful, perceptive. Beneath that deceptive North Carolina drawl, there's a crisp intelligence.' Dennis Preston -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 1994 14:27:09 -0500 (CDT) From: Joseph P Stemberger Subject: North American vs. British accents A few days ago, I was watching the movie "Robin Hood, Men in Tights", which is a spoof of last year's movie "Robin Hood". At one point, the humorous Robin Hood makes fun of the serious one by saying something like: "Unlike other Robin Hoods, I can speak with a British accent." In the earlier "Robin Hood" movie, the lead was played by an American actor, and there was no attempt to do a British accent. The actor used his own North American English accent. I find the comment by the humorous Robin Hood interesting for a bias that it reveals. We all know what kinds of accents are found in modern England. We all know that the Robin Hood story takes place in England. Therefore Robin Hood had a modern English accent. You find this same reasoning at the Renaissance Festivals that are scattered across North America: the people who work there put on fake modern British (or sometimes fake modern Irish) accents. But the Robin Hood story (and Renaissance Festivals) are set in the time period before North America was settled by the English. The ancestors of the people who contributed their dialects to North America were all living in England at the time. So, if you had to guess what kind of dialect was spoken in the 1200's or the 1400's, you would think that modern North American accents are as good a guess as modern British accents. But, given language change, the dialects spoken then would probably come across as some unknown accent to us today. (And the real Robin Hood, who spoke Middle English, would probably sound more like he had a German or Dutch accent.) But all this brings up another idea common among the public: that North American accents have been radically alterred by all those foreigners who came to the US in the 18th and 19th century (Irish, Germans, Italians, etc.). All those foreigners learning English just didn't get the accent quite right, and that is why North American English accents are so different from British English accents. Does anyone know if there is a linguistic literature on this last idea? That low-level aspects of intonation and allophony have been affected by all those foreigners coming to North America? I don't know of any concrete evidence for it, and I'd like to, if there is any. It would be amusing to find that the naive reasoning that Robin Hood had a modern British accent is (sort-of) on the right track. (But I'm skeptical.) (One of the few "accent" phenomena that I know of that I am tempted to attribute to borrowing from another language is the vowel system here in Minnesota English. Along with the diphthongs [ey] and [ow], speakers frequently produce the monophthongs [e:] and [o:]. And there are further variants of /ow/ (like: a long open-o) and centering glides after long vowels that sound quite unusual for English. But all the peculiarities of the dialect here sound perfectly Swedish. And tons of Swedes settled here. People around here don't understand why some people have no idea how to pronounce names like BJORK (/byork/). Anyway, I found the Robin Hood remark amusing. If anyone has knowledge of the more serious questions that I've raised, I'd be interested in hearing it. ---joe stemberger (After the over-serious discussion on mainstream linguistics, perhaps a lighter topic would be refreshing.) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-417. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-418. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 254 Subject: 5.418 Mainstream Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 08:35:10 +0100 From: Richard Hudson UCL Subject: Mainstream and generative linguistics 2) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 06:53:26 -0400 From: an995@freenet.carleton.ca (Paul Deane) Subject: Mainstream Linguistics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 07 Apr 94 08:35:10 +0100 From: Richard Hudson UCL Subject: Mainstream and generative linguistics One characteristic of Chomskyan linguistics which is quite unnecessarily offensive to others is the tendency to hijack the term "generative", which is often used (only by Chomskyans) to refer to Chomskyan linguistics. I wonder if any Chomskyan linguist would want to defend this on purely academic grounds? Dick Hudson Dept of Phonetics and Linguistics, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT (071) 387 7050 ext 3152 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 7 Apr 1994 06:53:26 -0400 From: an995@freenet.carleton.ca (Paul Deane) Subject: Mainstream Linguistics Recent postings on the "mainstream linguistics" topic by Jo Rubba and Alexis Manister-Ramer raise several issues I would like to see explored in more detail. To begin with, Jo Rubba is absolutely correct to empha- size that the Cognitivist approach to linguistics has a program for syntactic theory. There is a rather simple way to make the point: by my count, 12 of the 34 full- length articles published so far in COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS focus on syntax. If I had included other articles dealing primarily with the polysemy or discourse properties of syntactic constructions, the count would be even higher. And of the three titles to appear so far in the series COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS RESEARCH, two primarily address syntactic theory. (I should note, however, that Lakoff's contribution to the "cognitive linguistics" program has been primarily in the areas of polysemy and metaphor. While he publishes occasional papers on syntax, such as his 1986 CLS paper on exceptions to Across-the-Board extraction, it does not constitute the bulk of his re- search output. By contrast, Langacker's work clearly focuses on syntax, notwithstanding his deep interest in lexical matters.) But I do not think Jo Rubba has quite pinned down the difference between generativist and cognitivist approach- es to syntax. Alexis Manister-Ramer is surely on the mark to observe that construction meaning is an old concept, going back at least to Bloomfield. It is, in fact, an idea common to many (otherwise quite distinct) linguistic theories. It is to be observed in Montague Grammar (and hence in syntactic theories incorporating a Montagovian semantics). Similar ideas surface in much generative work, including that of Pinker and Jackendoff. An emphasis on construction meaning, while characteristic of cognitivism, is by no means one of its distinctive features. Langacker's Cognitive Grammar is unique in its attempt to REDUCE syntax to abstract semantic patterns. But many of us who accept the "cognitive linguistics" label would disagree with Langacker on this point. (One might say that such semantic reductionism, while prototypical for the category `cognitive linguist' is neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for being one.) I for one believe that there is a real difference between syntax and semantics. But I also think there is an intimate connec- tion between them--far more intimate a connection than generative theory would allow. In a generative approach, syntax and semantics are distinct levels of representation with distinct organizing principles. One can make generalizations (a) about syntax; (b) about about semantics; or (c) about the mapping or correspondence between syntax and semantics. What one does not do, as part of the fundamental assumptions of the framework, is to formulate principles which apply indifferently to syntax and to semantics, that is, which explain both as manifestations of common underlying principles. The hallmark of the `cognitive linguistics' approach, by contrast, is to formulate generalizations about semantics, and then to turn around and see if those generalizations can explain anything about syntax. The general form of argument looks something like the following: I. Phenomenon X (polysemy, metaphor, whatever) is too fundamental to the way language works to be marginalized. In particular, no theory of linguistic meaning can afford to ignore it. II. But if we attempt to analyse this phenomenon in its own right, we discover that it is difficult and unproductive to maintain standard analytic assumptions. For example, metaphor is too pervasive in ordinary, utterly conventional talk to treat it as "lying for conversational effect", as any theory must which maintains that meaning is fundamentally a matter of truth value. III. So we develop a theory which can account for such "marginal" phenomena (where "marginal" means simply, indigestible on standard assumptions about the nature of language and linguistic theory. IV. Finally, we turn around and see what this theory will buy us when it is applied to "standard", run-of-the-mill linguistic phenomena. Often we find it buys quite a lot. So we end up with a theory of syntax based upon concepts developed for other purposes. To the extent that the theory works and makes sense BOTH for standard phenomena AND for those phenomena that other theories must marginalize, the original assumptions are justified. Of course, in stages I, II, and III the enterprise may look like it is "only concerned with lexical semantics". And that no doubt is the source of the stereotype Jo Rubba is at pains to dispell. We are starting to get some reasonably well worked-out stage IV research though. See my book and Karen Van Hoek's dissertation for analyses in which the concept of c-command comes out looking very different (and not at all exclusively syntactic). My book also presents a number of analyses in which "mainstream" concepts are reworked in ways that yield unexpected bene- fits, such as its use of the concept of "functional head" in combination with prototype theory to account for the fact that non-finite auxiliaries and ordinary complementizers function as subordinators. See Langacker's recent work for very interesting accounts of Raising and other core syntactic phenomena. And that is just scratching the surface. I enclose a short bibliography for those interested in reading more. The real issue for me, though, is that people be willing to read--and cite--people who work within other frameworks, even those who challenge one's most deeply held assumptions about language. We are scientists to the extent that we are willing to allow for the possibility that our opponents are right. Attached bibliography: Book-Length Treatments Deane, Paul D. 1992. Grammar in Mind and Brain: Explorations in Cognitive Syntax. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter. Langacker, Ronald. 1991a. Foundations of Cognitive Grammar, vol. II: Descriptive Application. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Langacker, Ronald. 1991b. Concept, Image, and Symbol: The Cognitive Basis of Grammar. Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter. Van Hoek, Karen. 1993. Paths through Conceptual Structure: Constraints on Pronominal Anaphora [Unpublished Ph.D. Dissertation, University of California San Diego.] Articles Deane, Paul D. 1987. English Possessives, Topicality, and the Silverstein Hierarchy. BLS 13, 65-76. Deane, Paul D. 1988. Which NPs are there unusual possibilities for extraction from? CLS 24.1, 89-100. Deane, Paul D. 1991. Limits to attention: A cognitive theory of island phenomena. Cognitive Linguistics 2.1, 1-63. Delancy, Scott. 1990. Ergativity and the cognitive model of event structure in Lhasa Tibetan. Cognitive Linguistics 1.3, 289-322. Delbecque, Nicole. 1990. Word order as a reflection of alternate conceptual construals in French and Spanish. Similarities in adjective position. Cognitive Linguistics 1.4, 349-416. Fife, James. 1993. Decapitation in two Welsh adjectival constructions. Cognitive Linguistics 4.4, 371-394. Goldberg, Adele E. 1992. The inherent semantics of argument structure: The case of the English ditransitive construction. Cognitive Linguistics 3.1, 37-74. Hirschberg, Julia and Gregory Ward. 1991. Accent and bound anaphora. Cognitive Linguistics 2.2., 101-122. Hewson, John. 1991. Determiners as heads. Cognitive Linguistics 2.4, 317-338. Janda, Laura. 1990. The radial network of a grammatical category - its genesis and dynamic structure. Cognitive Linguistics 1.3, 269-288. [Morphological Case] Lakoff, George. 1986. Frame semantic control of the coordinate structure constraint. CLS 22, 152-167. Langacker, Ronald. 1993. Reference-point constructions. Cognitive Linguistics 4.1,1-38. Payne, Thomas. 1991. Medial clauses and inter- propositional relations in Panare. Cognitive Linguistics 2.3, 247-282. Taylor, John R. Old Problems: Adjectives in Cognitive Grammar. Cognitive Linguistics 3.1, 1-75. Taylor, John R. Possessive genitives in English. Linguistics 27, 663-686. Tuggy, David. 1992. The Affix-Stem Distinction: A Cognitive Grammar analysis of data from Orizaba Nahuatl. Cognitive Linguistics 3.3, 237-300. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-418. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-419. Mon 11 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 124 Subject: 5.419 Unknown language problem Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 12:58 +0100 (MET) From: TWEE@alf.let.uva.nl Subject: Unknown Language -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 1994 12:58 +0100 (MET) From: TWEE@alf.let.uva.nl Subject: Unknown Language It is rather common that an author knows something and gives some examples for clarifying his/her claims. I would like to do it the other way round: I pretend to know nothing, and give some examples from language X, hoping that you are able to answer the questions related to these examples. Please, let your speculations be fired by imagination and linguistical knowledge, and help me in my future research! In language X, I encountered the following opposition (a vowel followed by ^ is to be read as a vowel covered by a circumflex): a. do byte sener sour b. do byte sener sourr he beats his sister he beats his sister to death a. eup piylase ef kornin b. eup piylase ef korninn she tears the paper she tears the paper in pieces a. do ba'efre ef tjoka^sas b. do ba'efre ef tjoka^sass he cuts the slice.of.bread he cuts off the slice.of.bread a. kirro larde ef toriyst b. kirro larde ef toriysst we eat [of] the cake we eat up the [entire] cake a. gress trempo ef mimpit b. gress trempo ef mimpitt I was reading [in] the book I have read the [entire] book a. ef oto la^ufire ef vildul b. ef oto la^ufire ef vildull the car runs.into a tree the car runs.down the tree All clauses are typical SVO constructions, and there is no case system, in the sense that S is marked as a nominative and O as an accusative. All Os in the a-sentences differ in the same way from all Os in the b-sentences. I wonder which rule(s) could be responsible for the orthographical (or: morphological) and semantic differences between the a-objects and b-objects. There is a semantic difference between any a-clause and its b-variant, but how can this semantic difference be described in the most simple form? In the same language X, the following clauses have to be translated in the following way (o~ is to be read as o covered by an apostrophe): Gress stinde eft letra 'I am writing a letter' Gress eft letra stinde 'I have written a letter' Stinde gress eft letra 'I will write a letter' Do arkette 'He is crying' Do arketta 'He was crying' Arkette do 'He will cry' Ef letra stindelije pai gress 'The letter is written by me' Ef letra pai gress stindelije 'The letter was written/has been written by me' Stindelije ef letra pai gress 'The letter will be written by me' Tek kette ef mimpit o~n Lerdu 'Tek gives the book to Lerdu' Ef mimpit kettelije pai Tek o~n Lerdu the book is given by Tek to Lerdu Lerdu kettelita^ pai Tek enn ef mimpit Lerdu is given by Tek OBJ the book (OBJ = object marker) Za^lbinaselita^ do pai gress enn ef letra send 3p.sg by 1p.sg OBJ the letter "He will be sent by me the letter" >From these examples, one may infer which rules could be relevant for expressing tense and voice. In language X, the following constructions are possible (y" is to be read as y-diaeresis (umlaut); d^ means d-caron (hachek)): Gress koldre-tija^ ef tjoka^s 'I throw away the bread' Ef tjoka^s melde tval 'The bread is mouldy' Gress ma koldre-tija^ ef tjoka^s, ef meltilo~me tval 'I throw away the bread, because it is mouldy' Eup lorertavy eft kleter oto 'She wants to buy a new car' Eup lelperre ny"f smurf 'She has no money' Eup ker lorertavy eft kleter oto, eup lelperrilo~me ny"f smurf 'She wants to buy a new car, though she has no money' Do ytende beri prate helkara Frakas 'He intends to leave for France' Gress nert tiffe hojelka 'I do not know when' Do tur ytende beri prate helkara Frakas, gress nert tiffilo~me hojelka 'He intends to leave for France, but I do not know when' Wencate do eft trempos 'He will read a paper' Groft xlad^o^pecc armtganelije blul 'His expenses will be repaid' Dira wencate do eft trempos, groft xlad^o^pecc armtganilomije blul 'He will read a paper, if his expenses will be repaid' What kind of morphosyntactic processes are responsible for the formation of subordinate clauses, and how is the semantic relationship between matrix clause and subordinate clause established? What is the name of language X, to which family does it belong, and/or where is it spoken? This will do for the moment. My colleagues from the Department of General Linguistics at the University of Amsterdam will have no problem with the last question, I suppose, but all others somewhere in this world will find themselves encouraged to react too, I hope. Rolandt Tweehuysen. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-419. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-420. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 154 Subject: 5.420 Calls: Compound Nouns, Language Acquisition Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 12:10:30 +0200 From: Dominique Estival Subject: CFP: Compound Nouns 2) Date: 12 Apr 1994 14:58:03 EDT From: "Jill de Villiers" Subject: submission data-special issue LA -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 12:10:30 +0200 From: Dominique Estival Subject: CFP: Compound Nouns Call for Contributions Workshop Compound Nouns Mulilingual Aspects of Nominal Composition 3-4 December 1994 Geneva Organization Commitee: Pierrette Bouillon, Dominique Estival (ISSCO, Geneva) Purpose: Following the previous meetings concerned with the question of Compound Nouns (Fontenay 1992 et Paris 1993) and in order to continue this series, we are organizing another two-day workshop on this topic. This year, a special emphasis will be given to the mulilingual aspects of nominal composition. We hope that such a meeting, gathering both linguists and computational linguists, will enable us to bridge the gap between theory and practice and will foster discussions about the respective constributions from linguistics and computational linguistics to the multilingual treatment of nominal composition. We propose several sub-themes: * theoretical contrastive approaches to nominal composition * description and analysis tools for compound nouns in multilingual applications * detection and extraction of compound nouns * statistical studies of compound nouns and their application in processing * compound nouns in electronic multilingual dictionaries * compound nouns in machine translation * links with studies in terminology * compound nouns and the processing of bilingual corpora (e.g. through text alignment, or for terminology acquisition) * and any other theme for which the representation and computational treatment of nominal composition, in particular in its multilingual aspects, are crucial. Organization: The two-day workshop will be constituted by 30 minutes presentations, followed by a round table at the end of the second day. Contributions: Authors who wish to make a presentation must send, before June 30th 1994 and to the address given below, an abstract (maximum 4 pages, in French or in English), which will be reviewed by the program committee. Program Committee: Paul Bennett, UMIST, Great Britain Paul Boucher, Universite de Nantes, France Pierrette Bouillon, ISSCO, Suisse Andrew Carstairs-McCarthy, University of Canterbury, New Zealand Anne Condamines, Universite de Toulouse, France Beatrice Daille, C.2.V., France Dominique Estival, ISSCO, Suisse Christian Jacquemin, Universite de Nantes, France Benoit Habert, ENS Fontenay Saint Cloud, France Pierre Lerat, Universite Paris 13, France Fred Popowich, Simon Fraser University, Canada Angela Ralli, University of Athens, Greece Sergio Scalise, Universita degli studi di Ferrara, Italy Pascale Sebillot, IRISA Rennes, France Allina Villalva, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal Stefan Wermter, Universitaet Hamburg, Allemagne Wiecher Zwanenburg, Rijkuniversiteit te Utrecht, Netherlands For further information, contact: Pierrette Bouillon or Dominique Estival ISSCO, Universite de Geneve 54 rte des Acacias CH-1227 Geneve SWITZERLAND tel: +41-22-705-7116 fax: +41-22-300-1086 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: 12 Apr 1994 14:58:03 EDT From: "Jill de Villiers" Subject: submission data-special issue LA Please note the following announcement for a special issue of the journal Language Acquisition. The deadline for paper submissions was announced in the current issue as May 1st, but because of the late appearance of the issue I have moved it to June 1st. Announcing a Special Issue of the journal Language Acquisition on: The Acquisition of Wh-questions Special Editor: Jill de Villiers The submission of papers for the Special Issue is requested on any topic related to the acquisition of wh-questions, including but not limited to: the acquisition of wh-movement, the logical form of questions, cross-linguistic differences in questions, the syntax of relative clauses and wh-questions, the nature of traces, the CP as a site for wh-movement, barriers to movement. As with all Special Issues of the journal, papers will be peer reviewed. Deadline for Submissions: June 1st, 1994. Please follow the guidelines for submissions to Language Acquisition and send your submissions to : Professor Jill de Villiers Psychology Department Smith College Northampton, Ma 01063. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-420. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-421. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 123 Subject: 5.421 Qs: Borrowing, "And" conjunction, Romance, Simon C. Dik paper Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 94 16:14:10 BST From: DLH11@phx.cam.ac.uk 2) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 13:02:14 CET From: Adam Karpinski Subject: "And" conjunction 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 09:09:53 EDT From: Lynn Guindon Subject: Re: 5.419 Romance Linguistics 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 11:20:24 +0200 From: johannes@compling.hu-berlin.de (Johannes Heinecke) Subject: Paper from Simon C. Dik wanted -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 10 Apr 94 16:14:10 BST From: DLH11@phx.cam.ac.uk Has anything been written on how Japanese phonologically nativizes borrowed English words? I would be most grateful for any lead on this issue. David Hays Cambridge, England -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 13:02:14 CET From: Adam Karpinski Subject: "And" conjunction I'm currently working on samples of Polish oral narratives. I've found four uses for the conjunction "i" (Eng. "and"). The first one is logical conjunction (as in "Granpa and I went for a walk"). the second is time-sequence conj. (as in "I went out and closed the door"). These two uses are widely known. But there seems to be the third use of which I haven't read before, as in this fragment of a Polish oral narrative: "Basia byla taka spokojna... Potem zaczela chodzic. No potem. potem. I miesz- kamy mieszkamy tam na tym Sytkowie." Eng.: "Basia [a name] was so calm (...). Then she started to walk. Then. then. AND we live we live there in that Sytkowo [place]". After the initial hesitation (the repetition of "then") the speaker does a re- pair and follows with a sentence beginning with "and"(the present tense used in this sentence is the historical present). This "and" doesn't indicate any se- quence of events. Rather, it is used to indicate that the speaker wants the hearer to tie the and-sentence to the preceding discourse, even though this sentence is superficially not coherent with it. Finally, there is the fourth use of "and", i.e. as a filler (usually with a prolonged pronounciation of the first vowel, as in "Aaand my father used to live there for ten years"). Does anybody know of any sources discussing the last two uses of "and" (pre- ferably in English or Polish)? Or maybe someone is interested in the topics as well? Many thanks in advance for your responses. Adam Karpinski, Department of English UMK, ul. Fosa Staromiejska 3, 87-100 TORUN, POLAND. phone/fax: 48 56 277-10. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 09:09:53 EDT From: Lynn Guindon Subject: Re: 5.419 Romance Linguistics I have a student who is taking a double major in Classics and Spanish, and who has an interest (and a little background) in Linguistics. He wants to find a good book on the passage of Latin to the various modern Romance languages, in particular Spanish and French. Is there anything sound out there? Please reply directly to me at: lguin01@ukcc.uky.edu Please do not reply to this list. Thanks a bunch! --Lynn Guindon -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 11:20:24 +0200 From: johannes@compling.hu-berlin.de (Johannes Heinecke) Subject: Paper from Simon C. Dik wanted Hello Everybody, In his monography "Functionl Grammar in Prolog" Simon C. Dik cited a paper called "The lexicon in a computational Functional Grammar" which was published 1989 by the Institute of General Linguistics of the University of Amsterdam. As I do not know neither his e-mail address nor any e-mail address in Amsterdam I try to find out here where I could get hold of this paper. Has it been published elsewhere or is it available as PS/DVI/TeX-File on a server? I would be grateful if anybody could help me. ______________________________________________________________________________ Johannes Heinecke Humboldt-Universit"at zu Berlin Forschungsgruppe Computerlinguistik J"agerstr 10/11 10117 Berlin Tel.: (030) 20192-553 E-mail: heinecke@compling.hu-berlin.de ______________________________________________________________________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-421. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-422. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 207 Subject: 5.422 Accents Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 13:01:00 +0200 (MET DST) From: *IPrA Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British 2) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 09:00:43 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Southern speech 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 09:07:12 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British 4) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:34:39 EST From: mark Subject: Re: Accents 5) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 17:04:07 GMT From: mfleck@bolivar.cs.uiowa.edu (Margaret M. Fleck) Subject: dialect imitation 6) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 16:15:27 -0400 (EDT) From: Paul T Kershaw Subject: Southern accent bias 7) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 21:46:21 -0700 (MST) From: WFKING@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 13:01:00 +0200 (MET DST) From: *IPrA Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British About British versus American accents. We could extend the range of our funny enquiry somewhat further. Being a continental European who speaks English only as his fourth language, but whose local TV stations present up to seventy percent English-spoken programs, it has always struck me that the bad guy in movies very often speaks either a British version of English (when the good guy is American), or a nonnative-continental European version, when the good guy is James Bond. Think of how the casting of Dutch-born actors Rutger Hauer and Jeroen Crabbe may reflect this intuitive character-stereotyping. Extending it even further: what about the speech accents of people from outer space in movies? It would be hard to imagine a Martian talking in a New York or Alabama phonology, wouldn't it. Yes, yes, it's really socially commited fun thinking about things like this. Jan Blommaert IPrA Research Center (Antwerp, Belgium) ipra@reks.uia.ac.be -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 09:00:43 -0600 (CST) From: CONNOLLY@memstvx1.memst.edu Subject: Southern speech You're right to note that the national media often misrepresent and/or misinterpret southern speech. But two of the examples cited by Michael Picone are out of place -- he's misinterpreting things himself. First of all, southerners are every bit as willing to talk about the "Bubba vote" or the "redneck vote" as anyone else is. Why not? It's real, after all, as any southern politician knows. Besides, as great numbers of people here in Memphis cheerfully admit, Memphis is grateful for Mississippi and Arkansas because these states give us something to look down at. Second, unless I am misinformed, Cokie Roberts is the daughter of the former congresspersons Hale Boggs and (Cindy?) Boggs of Louisiana. If she says someone's Mississippi drawl is unintelligible, I guess she ought to know -- and she's certainly entitled to say so. After living in Memphis since 1975, I still have a lot of trouble understanding some older white southerners, who may or may not be native Memphians. I think I may do better with older blacks here, perhaps because they're more willing to slow down for an outsider. Leo A. Connolly Foreign Languages & Literatures Memphis State University Internet: connolly@msuvx1.memst.edu Bitnet: connolly@memstvx1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 09:07:12 -0600 (CST) From: Fran Karttunen Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British Cokie Roberts is from New Orleans and can, I think, poke fun at the speech of a neighbor Mississippian with more mordant wit than could a New Yorker or Angelino. And nobody spends more time talking about the politics and taste of bubbas and their consort bubbettes than Texans and their neighbors. Surely NPR can be taken to task on bigger issues??? They have to my mind a terriffic record of putting southern writers and commentators on the air. Fran Karttunen Austin, Texas -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:34:39 EST From: mark Subject: Re: Accents Mike Picone writes: While it is true that when Meryl Streep tries to imitate a Polish accent, for example, there are relatively few people, other than linguists, who are listening while undertaking meta-accentual monitoring, this is not true when it comes to the portrayal of Southern speech habits. Untold numbers of Southerners are, despite themselves, very much aware of the artificiallity that, for them, is injected into a film when non-Southerners attempt to mimic their speech. Somewhat apart from the issue of derogation that he was leading into, I have the sense that naive native speakers of a dialect are generally much more able to detect an imitation than most (even trained) non-native ears are. Furthermore, the closer the imitation, the funnier it sounds, for reasons that the natives cannot explain even when they recover their breath from laughing. Is it reasonable to expect an actor to be able to put on an accent in a way that will satisfy natives? Mark A. Mandel Dragon Systems, Inc. : speech recognition : +1 617 965-5200 320 Nevada St. : Newton, Mass. 02160, USA : mark@dragonsys.com -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 17:04:07 GMT From: mfleck@bolivar.cs.uiowa.edu (Margaret M. Fleck) Subject: dialect imitation A cautionary note about "parodies" of various accents: remember that most people (particularly non-linguists) are quite bad at distinguishing accents very different from their own. It seems very likely that the imitators can't hear the difference between what they are producing and the real thing. Margaret Fleck -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 16:15:27 -0400 (EDT) From: Paul T Kershaw Subject: Southern accent bias I remember seeing a few years back a series of commercials featuring children sorting through their Kellogg's (?) cereal variety packs. It struck me at the time that the youth featured in one commercial, speaking with a distinctively Southern drawl, had a method of sorting which characterized him as significantly unintelligent or at the very least ignorant (in the traditional sense of the word: lacking knowledge). Another spot featured an African-American youth of about the same age, with a significantly more intelligent (albeit still "humorous") sorting method. It further struck me that, a few decades ago, in a similar spot, the African-American youth most probably would have been given the Southern-speaking youth's lines. In short, by responding to allegations of racism (or trying to avoid same), the company has simply shifted which group it is biasing against. (Political Correctness, in its extremist form, only protects certain prestige minorities, and Southern whites, as with many other groups, do not fall into this prestigious prestige-lacking group.) {Disclaimer: I think PC in its original form is a wonderful and necessary thing; I am referring to the oppressive form it is taking in certain venues.} Asides aside, this company at least doesn't seem to be getting the point of avoiding prejudicially oriented advertising. -- Paul Kershaw, from the same place as Dennis Preston, Kershawp@student.msu.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 21:46:21 -0700 (MST) From: WFKING@CCIT.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: Re: 5.417 Accents: Southern and British Isn't Cokie Roberts from the South? She probably knows an uncomprehensible accent by now, having worked in Washington for years. Would you be so upset if a New Yorker were to say that a speaker of Brookynese could not be understood? By the way, there are quite a few recent arrivals from Poland living in the Northeast. Bill King Univ. of Arizona -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-422. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-423. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 159 Subject: 5.423 Confs: Central European Summer School in Generative Syntax Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 19:07: 6 CDT From: chriss@skyline.asg.AG-Berlin.MPG.DE Subject: Summer School Announcement (2nd Posting) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 19:07: 6 CDT From: chriss@skyline.asg.AG-Berlin.MPG.DE Subject: Summer School Announcement (2nd Posting) The first posting for the Summer School in Olomouc (Vol 5-365) unfortunately appeared without the registration form. This is included here. Please note that the original also contained an incorrect e-mail address for Maaike Schoorlemmer, corrected here. - Chris Wilder. Central European Summer School in Generative Syntax Olomouc - Czech Republic 22 August - 2 September 1994 A generative grammar summer school which is: . high level (teachers from leading research centres) . intensive (2 weeks of interactive learning and research) . cheap (no fees, low local living costs, central location) . charming (small peaceful medieval city) . young (teachers' average age <30) The summer school offers an intensive introduction to generative linguistics. It will be centered around syntax and offers: results of the latest research, current issues and open problems, basic philosophy, methodology. The program will be divided into two parts, week 1: overviews of the Principles-and-Parameters theory from both general viewpoints and specific topics; week 2, advanced classes focussing on current research issues. Classes will be taught in English. The school is open to students from all over Europe - East and West alike: it is cheap enough for everybody to attend, and it also includes discussion of Germanic, Romance and Slavic languages. Teachers: . Piero BOTTARI (Perugia) bottari@ipgcuic.bitnet . Gerhard BRUGGER (Vienna) brugger@unive.it . Anna CARDINALETTI (Venice) cardin@unive.it . Damir CAVAR (Potsdam) cavar@hp.rz.uni-potsdam.de . Giuliana GIUSTI (Venice) giusti@unive.it . Ana MADEIRA (London) uclyamm@ucl.ac.uk . Maaike SCHOORLEMMER (Utrecht) schoorlemmer@let.ruu.nl . Michal STARKE (Geneva) starke@uni2a.unige.ch . Chris WILDER (Berlin) chriss@skyline.asg.ag-berlin.mpg.de Courses: Week 1 General Introduction Introduction to the Syntax of Noun Phrases Null-Subjects and Expletives Logical Form Introduction to Morphology Acquisition of Language Week 2 Scrambling and the Structure of the Clause Clitic-Second Effects in Slavic Complementisers and Small Clauses Case-Theory The Syntax of Coordination Theories of the Determiner System Costs: Fees There are no fees. The school is free. Accommodation University Residences are available: 40$ for the two weeks, in multiple bed rooms. (see below for grants) Meals Cheap meals available on the campus. (see below for grants) Grants: Students from eastern european countries can apply for grants: (the two types of grant are not exclusive) Living grants covering accommodation are available Travel grants are also available for travelling to and from the summer school Recipients of grants will have absolutely no expenses for the summer school. Others will maximally have travel and 40$ living costs. Practical Information: All relevant information (where is Olomouc, how do I get there, etc.) will be sent upon receipt of the registrations. Registration: Send the form below to one of these addresses: Anna Cardinaletti Chris Wilder Seminario di Linguistica Max Planck Gesellschaft Universita di Venezia Jdgerstrasse 10-11 San Marco 3417 D-10117 30124 Venezia / Italy Germany fax: +39-41-52 87 683 fax: +49-30-20 192 452 Deadline: The form must be received by the 30 April 1994. Contacts: For any additional information contact Michal Starke or Chris Wilder at the above address for the Max Planck Gesellschaft, Berlin, or e-mail the teachers directly. ***************************************************************************** REGISTRATION: Family Name ...................................................... First Name: ...................................................... Nationality: ...................................................... Address: ...................................................... ...................................................... ...................................................... E-mail: ...................................................... Brief description of previous linguistics studies: ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... Do you want to apply for a grant? ................................... -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-423. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-424. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 163 Subject: 5.424 Generics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 14:55:51 CET From: Adam Karpinski Subject: Re: 5.413 Generics 2) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:07:28 EDT From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: French generic c,a 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 20:10:51 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Generics Redux (reduces?) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 14:55:51 CET From: Adam Karpinski Subject: Re: 5.413 Generics Bert Peeters (also quoting M. Kac) and Knud Lambrecht touched on the topic of generic pronoun *c,a* in French, as in (1): (1) Les hommes, c,a parle tout le temps. The men, that talks all the time. Polish has a similar construction, as in (2): (2) Faceci, ci gadaja caly czas. Men, these talk all time. In Polish the pronoun is the proximal one, in agreement with the noun (as opp- osed to verb-agreement in French). Also, the genericness of the pronoun follows from the genericness of the noun. Now since I don't know French I may be mistaking something, but it seems to me that such constructions are, in the first place, examples of Left-Dislocation of topic, as in English: (3) Men, they talk all the time. The only difference seems to be in the choice of the pronoun (demonstrative vs personal), its agreement (dependent on the noun vs verb dependent on it) and the determiner of the noun (none vs definite). Although i must admit that the presence of the definite article and plural marking on the noun in (1) doesn't encourage the generic interpretation of the noun. On the other hand, in English there is the usage of *the* with a noun (albeit in singular) that can be called - I believe - "generic", as in (4): (4) The man talks all the time. The same goes for Polish, though the noun has no determiner: (5) Mezczyzna duzo gada. Man much talks Perhaps such usage might be ascribed to French, too (cf. (1)). Adam Karpinski. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:07:28 EDT From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: French generic c,a Regarding Les hommes, c,a parle(*nt) tout le temps. it occurred to me to be pedantic. Since this is colloquial, we really need to have an example where the 3sg. and 3pl. are pronounced differently, e.g., Les hommes, c,a boit (*boivent) tout le temps. Also, a question regarding the "generic pronoun". I am not at all clear that c,a is a pronoun in these constructions. For example, although my French is piss-poor, I doubt you could say Les hommes, c,a parle quand c,a veut. If this is correct, I wonder if this c,a has not become reanalyzed in some way. There are cases of pronouns in similar positions getting reanalyzed, sometimes ending up as the copula (Chinese, Hebrew,, sometimes perhaps as a verbal prefix (as in French, perhaps). -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 1994 20:10:51 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Generics Redux (reduces?) My summary on generics produced enough post facto comment to justify a short addendum. First, my red-faced apologies for the agreement error in the crucial French sentence (I do *not* know how that happened -- I know better, believe me!) So for the record, and with sincerest apologies to Julie Auger (don't blame her!) the example should read: Les hommes, c,a parle tout le temps. (singular agreement on the verb). Knud Lambrecht pointed it out to the list at large and a number of people, Julie included, contacted me personally. Several other people weighed in with further comments, citations etc. I summarize these briefly below (alphabetically by last name of contributor). Hartmut Haberland has an paper on the German contracting article in Osnabru"cker Beitra"ge zur Sprachtheorie 30, and has contributed the following further reference to German work on this topic: Helga M. DeLisle, Communicative function of contracted prepositional forms in German. The Modern Language Journal 72, iii, pp. 277-282 (1988) John Koontz calls attention to the following articles: Greenberg, Joseph H. 1978. How does a language acquire gender markers? pp. 47-82. In: Universals of Human Language, Vol. 4, Ed. Jos. H. Greenberg, et al. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. Greenberg, Joseph H. 1981. Nilo-Saharan moveable-k as a Stage III Article (with a Penutian typological parallel). Journal of African Languages and Linguistics 3:105-112. Lars Mathiesen, a native speaker of Danish, wrote in to dispute Kjetl Hauge's assertion that Danish uses only the first of the two constructions from Norwegian illustrated in (5) in the original summary; he also noted that something like the Finnish facts described by Norbert Strade can also be found in Danish. Finally: Almerindo Ojeda wrote to let me know of two languages, Arabic and Breton, which, while lacking a purely generic article do have a purely generic form for nouns. He has a paper on the former in the SALT2 proceedings and one on the latter in the works. Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-424. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-425. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 137 Subject: 5.425 Neurolinguistic Evolution: BBS Call for Commentators Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 05:42:05 EDT From: "Stevan Harnad" Subject: Neurolinguistic Evlution: BBS Call for Commentators -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 05:42:05 EDT From: "Stevan Harnad" Subject: Neurolinguistic Evlution: BBS Call for Commentators Below is the abstract of a forthcoming target article by: W. W. Wilkins & J. Wakefield on: BRAIN EVOLUTION AND NEUROLINGUISTIC PRECONDITIONS This article has been accepted for publication in Behavioral and Brain Sciences (BBS), an international, interdisciplinary journal providing Open Peer Commentary on important and controversial current research in the biobehavioral and cognitive sciences. Commentators must be current BBS Associates or nominated by a current BBS Associate. To be considered as a commentator for this article, to suggest other appropriate commentators, or for information about how to become a BBS Associate, please send email to: harnad@clarity.princeton.edu or harnad@pucc.bitnet or write to: BBS, 20 Nassau Street, #240, Princeton NJ 08542 [tel: 609-921-7771] To help us put together a balanced list of commentators, please give some indication of the aspects of the topic on which you would bring your areas of expertise to bear if you were selected as a commentator. An electronic draft of the full text is available for inspection by anonymous ftp according to the instructions that follow after the abstract. ____________________________________________________________________ BRAIN EVOLUTION AND NEUROLINGUISTIC PRECONDITIONS Wendy K. Wilkins Department of English Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-0302 atwkw@asuacad.bitnet Jennie Wakefield Department of Speech and Hearing Arizona State University Tempe, AZ 85287-1908 asjxd@asuacad.bitnet ABSTRACT: This target article presents a plausible evolutionary scenario for the emergence of the neural preconditions for language in the hominid lineage. In pleistocene primate lineages there was a paired evolutionary expansion of frontal and parietal neocortex (through certain well-documented adaptive changes associated with manipulative behaviors) resulting, in ancestral hominids, in an incipient Broca's region and in a configurationally unique junction of the parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes of the brain (the POT). On our view, the development of the POT in our ancestors resulted in the neuroanatomical substrate consistent with the ability for representations in modality-neutral association cortex and, as a result of structure-imposing interaction with Broca's area, the hierarchically structured "conceptual structure." Evidence from paleoneurology and comparative primate neuroanatomy is used to argue that Homo habilis (2.5-2 million years ago) was the first hominid to have the appropriate gross neuroanatomical configuration to support conceptual structure. We thus suggest that the neural preconditions for language are met in H. habilis. Finally, we advocate a theory of language acquisition that uses conceptual structure as input to the learning procedures, thus bridging the gap between it and language. KEYWORDS: biology of language; conceptual structure; evolution; Homo habilis; language acquisition; neurolinguistics; origin of language; paleoneurology; preadaptation; sensorimotor feedback =========================================================================== To help you decide whether you would be an appropriate commentator for this article, an electronic draft is retrievable by anonymous ftp from princeton.edu according to the instructions below (the filename is bbs.wilkins). Please do not prepare a commentary on this draft. Just let us know, after having inspected it, what relevant expertise you feel you would bring to bear on what aspect of the article. The file is also retrievable using archie, gopher, veronica, etc. =========================================================================== To retrieve a file by ftp from an Internet site, type either: ftp princeton.edu or ftp 128.112.128.1 When you are asked for your login, type: anonymous Enter password as queried (your password is your actual userid: yourlogin@yourhost.whatever.whatever - be sure to include the "@") cd /pub/harnad/BBS To show the available files, type: ls Next, retrieve the file you want with (for example): get bbs.wilkins When you have the file(s) you want, type: quit These files can also be retrieved using gopher, archie, veronica, etc. =========================================================================== Where the above procedure is not available there are two fileservers: ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com and bitftp@pucc.bitnet that will do the transfer for you. To one or the other of them, send the following one line message: help for instructions (which will be similar to the above, but will be in the form of a series of lines in an email message that ftpmail or bitftp will then execute for you). JANET users without ftp can instead utilise the file transfer facilities at sites uk.ac.ft-relay or uk.ac.nsf.sun. Full details are available on request. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-425. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-426. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 117 Subject: 5.426 Sum: Chinese software for the mac Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 10:58:40 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: summary: chinese software for the mac -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 10:58:40 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: summary: chinese software for the mac ** CHINESE software for the Apple MACINTOSH ** My thanks to all those who provided information on Chinese software for the Mac, which is summarized below: * Apple's CHINESE LANGUAGE KIT requirements: system 7.1 5 MB RAM 17 MB hard disk space characters: supports traditional and simplified characters (simplified characters come in more fonts) input methods: pinyin, canjie, da-yi, chuyin compatible WPs: WordPerfect 3.0, NisusWriter, ClarisWorks (Chin. vers.) (does not work well with MicrosoftWord) fonts: includes several truetype faces drawback: no word bank price: USD $197 to $ 239 available from: Apple, or MacConnection (tel 1-800-800-2222) recommended by: Nancy Frishberg Hao-yang Wang Shu-ing Shyu Yuji Nakazato Lance Eccles Yang Jian * NISUS WRITER is recommended by Yan Jian price: USD $180 to 280 from: Nisus Softward, Inc. (phone) 619-418-1477, (fax) 619-481-6154 more info from: ccnet-l@uga.cc.uga.edu * XIA LI BA REN is recommended by Dr. Hua Lin from: Cheng & Tsui Company 25 West Street Boston, MA 02111, U. S. A. * the newest version of MACCHINA from GREAT EASTERN (Qiyi) fonts: truetype faces recommended by: Randy LaPolla * MACWRITE CHINESE, ZHONGWEN TALK, CHINATALK, NJ STAR (Mac version) recommended by: W. Frick more info from: alt.chinese.computing@anon.penet.fi * MACCHINESE, a Chinese font in traditional, Mandarin and Cantonese styles input: pinyin, radicals or telegraph codes from: (1) Linguist's Software, Box 580, Edmonds WA 98020 USA (phone) 1-206-775-1130, (fax) 1-206-771-5911 (2) Ecological Linguistics, PO Box 15156 Washington D. C. 20003 price: $99.95 each, or $139.95 for 2, or 159.95 for all three. characters: over 6000 traditional characters recommended by: Alan Cienki Marc Picard Thor S. Nilsen * TURBOWRITER CHINESE TRADITIONAL and TURBOWRITER CHINESE SIMPLIFIED from: Trans Pacific Software requirements: 2 MB RAM 20 MB hard disk space Apple Chinese traditional operating system or Apple Chinese simplified operating system recommended by: Alison Moore * Information on a CHINESE SYSTEM (44 MB, with 12 fonts) can be obtained from George Gale * Apple's WORLDSCRIPT includes two system extensions, I and II, or which II is for 2-byte charater set languages like Chinese, Japanese and Korean. Recommended by Jill Hart * SPDOS, CHINASTAR (for Windows), WINDOWS 3.1C (Chin. vers.) & WINNER (for Windows) are available for the IBM PC. From Yan Jian Wen-Chao Li Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University Oxford OX2 6QA ENGLAND -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-426. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-427. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 209 Subject: 5.427 Calls: Pacific Association for Computational Linguistics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 22:27:33 +1000 From: sussex@lingua.cltr.uq.oz.au (Prof. Roly Sussex) Subject: Conference announcement: request to post to Linguist -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 22:27:33 +1000 From: sussex@lingua.cltr.uq.oz.au (Prof. Roly Sussex) Subject: Conference announcement: request to post to Linguist CALL FOR PAPERS (Second Circular) PACLING '95 Pacific Association for Computational Linguistics 2nd Conference April 19-22 (Wed-Sat) 1995 The University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland, Australia ******************** * HISTORY AND AIMS * ******************** PACLING (= Pacific Association for Computational LINGuistics) has grown out of the very successful Japan- Australia joint symposia on natural language processing (NLP) held in November 1989 in Melbourne, Australia and in October 1991 in Iizuka City, Japan. The first meeting of the retitled PACLING, a name designed to express the wider membership, took place in Vancouver, Canada in April 1993. PACLING '95 will be a low-profile, high-quality, workshop- oriented meeting whose aim is to promote friendly scientific relations among Pacific Rim countries, with emphasis on interdisciplinary scientific exchange showing openness towards good research falling outside current dominant "schools of thought," and on technological transfer within the Pacific region. The conference is a unique forum for scientific and technological exchange, being smaller than ACL, COLING or Applied NLP, and also more regional with extensive representation from the Western Pacific (as well as the Eastern). ********** * TOPICS * ********** Original papers are invited on any topic in computational linguistics (and strongly related areas) including (but not limited to) the following: Language subjects: text, speech; pragmatics, discourse, semantics, syntax, lexicon, morphology, phonology, phonetics; language and communication channels, e.g., touch, movement, vision, sound; language and input/output devices, e.g., keyboards, menus, touch screens, mice, light pens, graphics (incl. animation); language and context, e.g., from the subject domain, discourse, spatial and temporal deixis. Approaches and architectures: computational linguistic, multi-modal but natural-language centred; formal, knowledge-based, statistical, connectionist; dialogue, user, belief or other model-based; parallel/serial processing corpora and large-text linguistics Applications: text and message understanding and generation, language translation and translation aids, language learning and learning aids; question-answering systems and interfaces to multi- media databases (text, audio/video, (geo)graphic); terminals for Asian and other languages, user interfaces; natural language-based software. ************************ * SUBMISSION OF PAPERS * ************************ Authors should prepare full papers, in English, not more than 5000 words including references, approximately 20 double- spaced pages. The title page must include: author's name, postal address, e-mail address (if applicable), telephone and fax numbers; a brief 100-200 word summary; and some key words for classifying the submission. Please send four (4) copies of each submission to: Christian Matthiessen Department of Linguistics University of Sydney Sydney 2006 AUSTRALIA tel: +61 2 692 4227 fax: +61 2 552 1683 email: xian@brutus.ee.su.oz.au ************ * SCHEDULE * ************ Submission deadline: October 31st, 1994 Notification of acceptance: January 16th, 1995 Camera-ready copy due: March 1st, 1995 ******************************* * CONFERENCE COMMITTEE CHAIR * ****************************** The Conference Committee Chair of PACLING'95 is Roland Sussex Centre for Language Teaching and Research The University of Queensland Queensland 4072 Australia telephone: +61 7 365 6896 fax: +61 7 365 7077 email: sussex@lingua.cltr.uq.oz.au ************************************ * PUBLICITY AND LOCAL ARRANGEMENTS * ************************************ The conference will take place at the Centre for Language Teaching and Research of the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia. We are negotiating preferential rates from downtown hotels. Delegates may wish to visit attractions like the Barrier Reef, Australia's desert centre or tropical rain forests before or after the Conference, and we shall be negotiating with travel companies to provide tour and travel information. For further information on the conference and on local arrangements, contact Hongliang Qiao Centre for Language Teaching and Research The University of Queensland Queensland 4072 Australia tel: +61 7 365 6897 fax: +61 7 365 7077 email: qiao@lingua.cltr.uq.oz.au ************************************ * PACLING '95 COMMITTEES * ************************************ Organizing Committee Chair: Naoyuki Okada (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan) Members: Naoyuki Okada (Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan) Christian Matthiessen (University of Sydney, Australia)* Nick Cercone (Simon Fraser University, Canada) Charles Fillmore(University of California, Berkeley, USA) Conference committee Chair: Roland Sussex (University of Queensland, Australia) Members: Dan Fass(Simon Fraser University, Canada)* Randy Goebel(University of Alberta, Canada) Kiyoshi Kogure(NTT, Japan)* Paul McFetridge(Simon Fraser University, Canada) Jun-ichi Nakamura(Kyushu Institute of Technology, Japan) Minako O'Hagan(Victoria University, Wellington, New Zealand) Fred Popowich(Simon Fraser University, Canada) Hiroshi Sakaki(KDD, Japan) Stanley Starosta(University of Hawaii, USA)* Roland Sussex(University of Queensland, Australia) Masami Suzuki(KDD, Japan) Hiroaki Tsurumaru(Nagasaki University, Japan) * Program Coordinator -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-427. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-428. Wed 13 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 99 Subject: 5.428 FYI: New List--TERPS-L, Correction: Colloque ORALITE Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:07:14 BST From: G.H.Turner@durham.ac.uk Subject: New List--TERPS-L 2) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 14:39:34 EDT From: lessard@quvinci.francais.QueensU.CA (Greg Lessard) Subject: Correction: Colloque ORALITE -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:07:14 BST From: G.H.Turner@durham.ac.uk Subject: New List--TERPS-L I have been asked to forward news of a new e-mail list. TERPS-L is for interpreters whose working languages include a signed language. It should be a particularly welcome facility and a useful mechanism for networking within the field since interpreters often work under isolated conditions. The list should help to draw those involved closer together in cyberspace. Please address any queries about the list to . The subscription address is; listserv@humber.bitnet (or listserv@admin.humberc.on.ca) leave the subject line in the header blank and type the message; subscribe terps-l Graham H. Turner Deaf Studies Research Unit Department of Sociology and Social Policy University of Durham Elvet Riverside 2 New Elvet Durham GB DH1 3JT UK Tel: +44 91 374 4752 Fax: +44 91 374 4743 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 94 14:39:34 EDT From: lessard@quvinci.francais.QueensU.CA (Greg Lessard) Subject: Correction: Colloque ORALITE CORRECTION! COLLOQUE ORALITE Queen's University du 3 au 5 mai 1994 Une erreur s'est glissee dans l'appel a la participation pour le colloque ORALITE. Voici les bons numeros de telephone. Pour l'inscription: Etudes francaises Queen's University Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Tel: 613-545-2090 Fax: 613-545-6522 Pour le logement: Donald Gordon Centre Queen's University Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6 Tel: 613-545-2221 <-- Notez les Fax: 613-545-6624 <-- corrections Toutes nous excuses pour les ennuis que cela aurait pu causer. Greg Lessard Etudes francaises -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-428. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-429. Fri 15 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 119 Subject: 5.429 Jobs: Assistant Professor, Postdoctoral Fellowships, Post-Doc Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 1994 16:53:02 EST From: Chad Thompson Subject: Job 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:25:07 EST From: sai@cunyvms1.gc.cuny.edu Subject: Postdosctoral Fellowships 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 19:22:18 -0400 From: marcus Subject: Post-Doc in Language Acquisition, UMass/Amherst -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 11 Apr 1994 16:53:02 EST From: Chad Thompson Subject: Job We are looking for a visiting assistant professor of linguistics for the 1994-1995 academic year to teach courses in introductory linguistics and in the English language. Please send a letter, CV, and the names and addresses of at least three references to: Dr. Fred Kirchhoff, Chair Department of English and Linguistics Indiana University Purdue University Fort Wayne Fort Wayne, IN 46805-1499 (219) 481-6841 (219) 481-6985 (FAX) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:25:07 EST From: sai@cunyvms1.gc.cuny.edu Subject: Postdosctoral Fellowships ----------------------------Original message---------------------------- CENTER FOR RESEARCH IN LANGUAGE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO ANNOUNCEMENT OF POSTDOCTORAL FELLOWSHIPS Applications are invited for postdoctoral fellowships in Language, Communication and Brain at the Center for Research in Language at the University of California, San Diego. The fellowships are supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIDCD), and provide an annual stipend ranging from $19,608 to $32,300 depending upon years of postdoctoral experience. In addition, some funding is provided for medical insurance and travel. The program provides interdisciplinary training in: (1) psycholinguistics, including language processing in adults and language development in children; (2) communication disorders, including childhood language disorders and adult aphasia; (3) electrophysiological studies of language, and (4) neural network models of language learning and processing. Candidates are expected to work in at least one of these four areas. Grant conditions require that candidates be citizens or permanent residents of the U.S. Applicants should send a statement of interest, three letters of recommendation, a curriculum vitae and copies of relevant publications to: Jan Corte Center for Research in Language 0526 University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla, California 92093-0526 (619) 534-2536 Women and minority candidates are specifically invited to apply. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 19:22:18 -0400 From: marcus Subject: Post-Doc in Language Acquisition, UMass/Amherst Postdoctoral Traineeship in Language Acquisition at UMass/Amherst The Department of Psychology at the University of Massachusetts/Amherst has one or more postdoctoral traineeships available in developmental, educational or cognitive psychology. We especially encourage applications in the area of language acquisition. Holders of the Ph.D. or equivalent in psychology or applied disciplines may apply. The current stipend for individuals with no postdoctoral experience is $18,600. Initial appointment will be for one-year, with the possiblity of a one-year renewal. Send vita, statement of interest, reprints, and three letters of recommendation to Professor Keith Rayner, Dept. of Psychology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003. The traineeships will become available between June and September 1994. Deadline for applications is May 1st. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-429. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-430. Fri 15 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 114 Subject: 5.430 Confs: WSA Professional Conference, 4th ICPLA SYMPOSIUM Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 15:02:43 -0700 (PDT) From: williams@crl.ucsd.edu (Mark Williams) Subject: WSA Professional Conference 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 11:18 BST From: FEBH23@ujvax.ulst.ac.uk Subject: Conference Announcement -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 15:02:43 -0700 (PDT) From: williams@crl.ucsd.edu (Mark Williams) Subject: WSA Professional Conference PROFESSIONAL CONFERENCE Sixth National/International Conference of the Williams Syndrome Association Building Bridges Across Disciplines: Cognition to Gene University of California, San Diego July 26-28, 1994 Williams syndrome is a genetic neurodevelopmental disorder involving characteristic facial appearance and heart defect, and displaying startling dissociations between and within domains of higher cognitive functioning. Recent breakthroughs focusing on Williams syndrome in Medical Genetics (implicating chromosome 7), Cognitive Neuropsychology, and Brain Mapping make this an opportune time to disseminate the new knowledge and its implications. CEU credit applied for; CME credit available. The following is a partial listing of the exciting program and speakers. Tuesday evening, July 26: Welcoming Remarks: Renato Dulbecco, M.D., Nobel Laureate Overview, Poster Sessions, & Reception Wednesday & Thursday, July 27-28: o The Enigma of Williams Syndrome: Dissociations in Higher Cognitive Functions (Ursula Bellugi, Ed.D., The Salk Institute; Carolyn Mervis, Ph.D., Emory University; Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Ph.D., MRC, London; Susan Carey, Ph.D., MIT) o New Methods of Brain Imaging: The Neural Basis of Williams Syndrome (Helen Neville, Ph.D., UCSD; Terry Jernigan, Ph.D., UCSD; Albert Galaburda, M.D., Harvard; Eric Courchesne, Ph.D., UCSD) o The Molecular-Genetic Basis of Williams Syndrome (Colleen Morris, M.D., University of Nevada; Mark Keating, M.D., University of Utah; Frank Greenberg, M.D., Texas ChildrenUs Hospital Robert Mecham, Ph.D., Washington University) o Medical Complications, Latest Diagnostic Techniques & Treatments (Greg Ensing, M.D., Indiana University; Ronald Lacro, M.D., Boston ChildrenUs Hospital; Barbara Pober, M.D., Yale University) o Unusual Personality and Temperament in Williams Syndrome (Paul Ekman, Ph.D., Langley Porter Neuropsychiatric Institute; Judy Reilly, Ph.D., San Diego State University) o Educators, Clinicians, & Researchers: Multi-Disciplinary Care o Poster Sessions,, Round Tables, and Special Interest Groups The Conference is hosted jointly by the Williams Syndrome Association, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, and the University of California School of Medicine at San Diego. ________________________________________________________________________________ To receive a registration packet, send full identifying information: Name, Institution and Department, Complete Address, Zip Code, and Phone Number to: WSA Professional Conference UCSD Conference Services 9500 Gilman Drive, Dept. 0513 La Jolla, CA 92093-0513 Phone: (619) 534-4220 Fax: (619) 534-2042 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 6 Apr 94 11:18 BST From: FEBH23@ujvax.ulst.ac.uk Subject: Conference Announcement 4th ICPLA SYMPOSIUM The fourth International Clinical Phonetics and Linguistics Association Symposium will be held from 14-16 November 1994 in New Orleans. A first call for papers has been sent out to all on the mailing list. If you have not received this, and wish for more information about the Symposium, please contact the Organiser: Prof Thomas W. Powell, Department of Communication Disorders, Louisiana State University Medical Center, 1900 Gravier Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. Tel (+1 504) 568 4343. Fax (+1 504) 568 4249. E-mail: tpowel@nomvs.lsumc.edu ICPLA is an association for all those interested in the interaction of phonetics and linguistics with speech and language disorders. For more information on the Association, contact the address above. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-430. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-431. Fri 15 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 183 Subject: 5.431 Qs: Old English & GB, Kashmiri, Gerunds, SCHWAB & SHICHI Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 02:49:52 PDT From: Ken.Hughes@mtsg.ubc.ca Subject: Chomskyan INFLo in Old English Modals 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:46:15 +0000 (GMT) From: JEAN RUTTEN Subject: Kashmiri 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:13:00 +0000 (GMT) From: FFAY@ollamh.ucd.ie Subject: Re: Gerunds 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 16:22:32 +0000 From: Lindsay Endell Subject: Reference wanted -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 02:49:52 PDT From: Ken.Hughes@mtsg.ubc.ca Subject: Chomskyan INFLo in Old English Modals Hello I would be delighted if anyone proficient in Old English verb structure and GB theory would comment on the following diachronic interpretation. First, there is the following historical movement (where strong Gmc preterites shifted to the precursors of contemporary modal verbs about 1500 years ago, viz., new preterites with weak endings): OLD Infinitive | Present | Present | Pret Sg | Pret Pl to avail *deogan | 3P sg | 3P pl | deag | dugon to know | | | cuthe | cunnon to be able *magan | | | meahge | magon to be obligated *sceolan | | | sceal | sculon ----<-----<-----/ / / ===================== -----<---/---<-----<-----<-------/ / NEW Infinitive / / ---<----<----<--/ / / / to avail dugan | deag | dugon | to know cunnan | can | cunnon | to be able magan | maeg | magon | to be obligated sculan | sceal | sculon | (Adapted from Bright's OE Grammar and Reader, Cassidy & Ringler, 1971.) The old plural preterite provides a new third person plural and a new infinitive. Old past singular provides a new third person singular. (Please freely correct me on any errors in my terrible Old English.) After additional morphological simplification, I assume that this process uncontroversially provides some of our contemporary modals. Since something special needs to be said about modal verbs, could it be useful to view the resulting syntactic and semantic structure as: 1. compounding both finite TNS (past or present) and INFLo into modals? (INFLo perhaps dominates the finite tense component such that modals have different pragmatic (or sometimes no) rules about tense usage? Moreover, double modals are possible in some dialects.); 2. seen as vaguely parallel formations with encliticizations such as HAFTA, GONNA, WANNA, GOTTA, OUGHTA, et al. (which are blocked from orthographic adoption by 'literacy' and spelling prescriptions)?; 3. persuasive that some functional 'embedding' of INFLo, i.e. the 'syntactic referent' of INF TO, is the 'modality operator' that evokes atemporality or tenselessness within the modal complement? (Periphrastic substitutions for modals explicitly use INF TO.) Please email me with any criticisms or references you think relevant. I will summarize back to the list if there is interest. Ken Hughes..........Science Education, UBC.........hughes@unixg.ubc.ca 2125 Main Mall, University of British Columbia, Vancouver B.C. V6T 1Z5 [Thesis on phenomenological interpretations of language constructions] -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:46:15 +0000 (GMT) From: JEAN RUTTEN Subject: Kashmiri As a member of a research group on SOV Languages I would like to get into contact with (a) linguist(s) who is/are familiar with the Kashmiri language (spoken in India). >From the literature I have gathered that Kashmiri is considered to be an SOV language with Verb Second. Therefore, Kashmiri should be comparable to German and Dutch. In particular I would like to know if Kashmiri has constructions with more than one auxiliary per sentence, how infinitives behave and if Kashmiri has extraposition. If you're willing to answer questions about Kashmiri, please mail. Dr. J. Rutten, Dept. of General Linguistics, Utrecht University, Holland mail rutten@let.ruu.nl -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:13:00 +0000 (GMT) From: FFAY@ollamh.ucd.ie Subject: Re: Gerunds I'm doing work on English gerunds and would appreciate recent references on the topic. Thanks in advance, Fiona Fay, University College, Dublin. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 16:22:32 +0000 From: Lindsay Endell Subject: Reference wanted Thanks to those ppl who replied to my recent request for assistance translating some Swahili, it was gratefully recieved and acknowledged. I have finished the essay and handed it in, any further comment on my grasp of the subject is left to my lecturers... :-) And now... another request for help, this time in tracing a reference. I have found a nice article I wish to use in my final Linguistics Paper but have very little in the way of reference to acknowledge it in my bibliography. If anyone can help with the date of publication and publisher, please email me. The article in question is: William SCHWAB and Asae SHICHI, Picking up on cultural subtleties: the cocktail party as teacher for the Japanese. Thanks in anticipation, Lindsay Endell lie1@unix.york.ac.uk. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-431. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-432. Fri 15 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 147 Subject: 5.432 Qs: ONLY vs. *SHMONLY, Examples, Duarte reference, Kolami gender Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 14:30:06 EDT From: Larry Horn Subject: Query: ONLY vs. *SHMONLY 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 20:26:06 EDT From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Examples 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 20:00:48 -0400 (EDT) From: Bernhard Rohrbacher Subject: Duarte reference 4) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 12:43:00 +0200 From: Ann Lindvall Subject: Kolami gender -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 14:30:06 EDT From: Larry Horn Subject: Query: ONLY vs. *SHMONLY This query addresses the asymmetry exhibited by English and other languages I know of in the lexicalization of exceptive operators. For the sake of simplicity, I'll focus on the distribution of ONLY-type items with NP focus; the asymmetry in question is illustrated by the following paradigm: {Nobody but Homer/Only Homer} ate doughnuts. {Everybody but Marge/!Shmonly Marge} ate doughnuts. --where ! indicates that no lexical item occupies this slot. The point is that many (most?) languages provide a lexical equivalent (or, a la francaise, a frozen semi-opaque collocation) for 'no{body/thing} but X' but (hypothetically) no languages provide one for the corresponding positive exceptive, 'every{body/thing} but X'. This asymmetry is interesting in the light of the fact that 'only' is an essentially negative operator (triggering negative polarity items and subject-aux inversion in appropriate contexts), as of course is 'no...but...', and ceteris paribus negative operators tend not to lexicalize as readily as their positive counterparts: we have MOST as a determiner but not !LEAST (i.e. 'less than half of the...'), SOME (as weak positive/monotone increasing determiner) vs. !NALL (='not all'), etc. And many (most?) languages don't allow lexical negative determiners (corresponding to NO, FEW) at all, relying on the scopal disambiguation of negation + unmarked positive operators. Why then do get a lexicalization for 'no...but' but not for 'every/all...but'? My line on this would involve the idea that even stronger than its prejudice against negative-entailing/negative-incorporating lexical items is natural language's antipathy against negative-presupposing lexical items, which SHMONLY would have to be by definition, but ONLY isn't. (Various asymmetries might be trotted out as possible reflexes of this antipathy, but I won't trot them out here.) This in turn would be attributable to the characteristic use of negation as a second-order operation on an earlier or contextually plausible affirmative, as widely discussed (cf. Parmenides, Plato, Kant, Strawson, Wason, Givon, Horn,...). Whether or not this analysis is sound, what I'm really curious about at this point is the empirical generalization: Are there any languages with candidates for SHMONLY-type lexical items (= every...but)? Are there any particularly exotic representations for 'only'? (Notice that of course I'm not saying there's anything particularly unwieldy about expressions for positive exceptives--both 'Everyone but Marge ate doughnuts' and 'Only Marge didn't eat doughnuts' are perfectly natural things to say--but they do seem to be harder to lexicalize. Impossible? Please reply to LHORN@YALEVM or LHORN@YALEVM.YCC.YALE.EDU; I'll post a summary on the list. Thanks, Larry -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 20:26:06 EDT From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu Subject: Query: Examples I am wondering if anyone out there has really nice examples, the kind that would grab the attention of a reader, of the following phenomena: Unbounded branching (coordinate structures with an unbounded number of constituents) Discontinuity Infixation Free word order Word order variation Complex grammatical categories (such as [NP, pl.]) Zeroes (Ellipsis, Deletion, or whatever you call it). What I have in mind is examples from well-known literary works, popular songs, limericks, or the like. As I said, anything that a reader would pay attention to. If anyone has such examples and would let me use them in a publication I am planning I would be very grateful. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 20:00:48 -0400 (EDT) From: Bernhard Rohrbacher Subject: Duarte reference Does anybody know the exact reference for Duarte, M. (1993?) Do pronome nulo ao pronome pleno: a trajetoria do sujejto no portugues do Brasil. (Sorry, a couple of diacritics are missing) Thanks, bwr@linc.cis.upenn.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 12:43:00 +0200 From: Ann Lindvall Subject: Kolami gender To the Linglist receivers I am working within the field of typological universals, and I have a question about gender. I have been informed that the language Kolami in southern India has two genders or noun classes, one which covers male humans and one which covers the rest of the world (no comments...). Could somebody tell me the appropriate pronouns for these two genders or, in case the language doesn`t use pronouns at all, some other corresponding particles or affixes expressing this gender difference? Thank you in advance Ann Lindvall -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-432. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-433. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 101 Subject: 5.433 Qs: Jakobson, Phonetics list, (Un)predictable tone, Turn length Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 06:43 PDT From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: query 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:05:02 -0500 (CDT) From: Paul Kenneth Roser Subject: Phonetics list? 3) Date: Wed, 06 Apr 94 22:36:22 BST From: MWL11@phx.cam.ac.uk Subject: (Un)predictable tone (stress) 4) Date: Fri, 15 Apr 94 18:50:06 EDT From: Margaret.Luebs@um.cc.umich.edu Subject: Turn length in English & Japanese -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 06:43 PDT From: Vicki Fromkin Subject: query I am trying to find the obituaries for Roman Jakobson and would appreciate information on references where they were published. Send to me at iyo1vaf@mvs.oac.ucla.edu or iyo1vaf@uclamvs.bitnet many thanks -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:05:02 -0500 (CDT) From: Paul Kenneth Roser Subject: Phonetics list? I'm aware of a lot of language-specific lists on-line, but does anyone know of a list for phonetics? Thanks for the help. Paul Roser Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 15:08:37 EDT From: andyrogers@aol.com Subject: gritch 2) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 17:24:38 EDT From: Steve Harlow Subject: Binding principle query 3) Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 10:27:07 -0500 (CDT) From: shetzer heidi Subject: this & that 4) Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 18:36:29 -0400 From: an995@freenet.carleton.ca (Paul Deane) Subject: Boundary phenomena: D-linking, logophoric reflexives -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 15:08:37 EDT From: andyrogers@aol.com Subject: gritch Does anyone have etymological information on the English verb _gritch_? William Safire in the this week's (4/17/94) _New York Times Magazine_ refers to it as sounding "like a portmanteau of _grouch_ and _glitch_", which I'm pretty sure is not the correct origin. As I recall, it is a portmanteau of _gripe_ and _bitch_. The column it occurrs in ("On Language") contains an amusing discussion of contemporary computer terms, but I believe _gritch_ has been around much longer, more like 30 or 40 years. Does anyone have a cite? Andy Rogers -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 17:24:38 EDT From: Steve Harlow Subject: Binding principle query I'm interested in finding references to papers discussing the operation of the binding principles in languages which either lack non-finite clauses and/or use finite clauses (such as subjunctives) instead. To be a bit more specific, There is a clear contrast in English between the pronoun/ antecedent relationships between Max and he/him in a) and b) a) Max expects that he will win b) Max expects him to win The thing that interests me is what happens if your only way of saying b) is the counterpart of c) Max expects that he should win (he = Max) I'm not interested in data per se, but in analyses. If anyone there can oblige, reply to me and (if there's a response), I'll post a summary. Thanks in advance, Steve Harlow -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 10:27:07 -0500 (CDT) From: shetzer heidi Subject: this & that I'm doing a pragmatic study on the deictic uses of the words "this" and "that." I would greatly appreciate your recommending any literature on the topic and will post a summary of responses. Thanks, Heidi Shetzer Division of English as an International Language University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign hshetzer@uxa.cso.uiuc.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Sat, 16 Apr 1994 18:36:29 -0400 From: an995@freenet.carleton.ca (Paul Deane) Subject: Boundary phenomena: D-linking, logophoric reflexives I am in the process of preparing some papers of mine into a larger ms., and would like to update my knowledge of references in the area where syntax and semantics are very closely intertangled. Two particular subjects are of interest to me: (i) What is called D-linking in the GB literature, i.e., cases where discourse context and various pragmatic factors influence the acceptability of extraction; (ii) The use of reflexives in a logophoric fashion, as discussed, inter alia, by Zribi-Hertz, Kuno, and others. I would be particularly be interested in getting references which address questions like the following: A. What evidence there is for separating these phenomena from "purely syntactic" versions of the same surface grammatical construction; B. What explanation(s) have been offered which can account for the use of a single set of constructions both for discourse-level relations and basic syntax. C. How different recent theories (e.g. Chomsky's Minimalism, HPSG, Van Valin's Role and Reference Grammar, to name but three which come instantly to mind) delimit the phenomena differently -- and how they justify their choice of data. My underlying concern is rather simple. I'd like to find out what references are critical to assessing the current state of the art with respect to these phenomena. And then I would like to find out to what extent theories of these phenomena are justified on theory neutral grounds. In the GB literature, for example, it would seem axiomatic that D-Linking MUST be a distinct phenomena from standard extraction phenomena, simply because it involves factors extrinsic to a formally defined syntax. Conversely, functionalist accounts might assume too quickly that such phenomena are THE SAME phenomena as any others which share the same surface syntax. But what JUSTIFICATION has been offered in the literature for either splitting (say) extrac- tion into D-Linked and non-D-linked (pure syntactic) types, or for treating them as a single continuum influenced both by syntactic and semantic/pragmatic factors? I will welcome both references and any discussion people may have, and post a summary to the list. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-434. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-435. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 163 Subject: 5.435 Calls: Mid-America, Span. & Port. Bilingualism, Acquisition Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 09:41:45 CDT From: Frances Ingemann Subject: Mid-America Linguistics Conference 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:14:55 -0400 (EDT) From: Tom Subject: Call: Symposium on Span. & Port. Bilingualism 3) Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 18:13:15 -0400 (EDT) From: gene@unagi.cis.upenn.edu (Gene Buckley) Subject: workshops on Acquisition and Language Change -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 09:41:45 CDT From: Frances Ingemann Subject: Mid-America Linguistics Conference Preliminary Announcement/Call for Papers MID-AMERICA LINGUISTICS CONFERENCE October 14-15, 1994 - The University of Kansas - Lawrence, KS The 1994 Mid-America Linguistics Conference will continue its 29-year tradition of accepting papers on all linguistics topics. The plenary speaker will be Stephen Anderson, Johns Hopkins University. This year there will be two special interest parallel sessions: - In conjunction with the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the Department of African and African-American Studies at the University of Kansas, sessions are planned on African languages, African-American English, and creoles used by people of African descent. The plenary speaker for these sessions will be Salikoko Mufwene, University of Chicago. - In addition, in recognition of the long-standing interest in Native American languages at the University of Kansas as well as the recent practice of having the Mid-America Linguistics Conference meet jointly with the Conference on Siouan and Caddoan Languages, parallel sessions are planned on Muskogean, Caddoan, and other southeast Indian languages. The deadline for submission of abstracts is Monday, August 29, 1994. For additional information about program content, contact: Frances Ingemann Tel. (913) 864-3450 Linguistics Department Fax. (913) 864-5208 University of Kansas E-mail: fing@ukanvm.bitnet Lawrence, KS 66045 fing@ukanvm.cc.ukans.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 09:14:55 -0400 (EDT) From: Tom Subject: Call: Symposium on Span. & Port. Bilingualism Call for papers ******* XV SYMPOSIUM ON SPANISH AND PORTUGUESE BILINGUALSIM ******* 11-12 NOVEMBER 1994 NEW BRUNSWICK, NJ Papers addressing one or more of the following topics will be considered: code-switching bilingual syntax bilingualism and identity bilingualsim and cognition language attrition in bilingual communities language planning in bilingual communities Please forward three copies of a one-page abstract (title only, no name or affiliation) and an index card with your name, address, phone/fax, e-mail, affiliation, and title of paper to: Tom Stephens and Carl Kirschner XV Symposium on Spanish and Portuguese Bilingualism Department of Spanish and Portuguese Rutgers University New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0270 USA Deadline for submission of abstract is JUNE 15, 1994 -- notification of acceptance by JULY 15, 1994. Inquiries: stephens@zodiac.rutgers.edu or kirschner@zodiac.rutgers.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 15 Apr 1994 18:13:15 -0400 (EDT) From: gene@unagi.cis.upenn.edu (Gene Buckley) Subject: workshops on Acquisition and Language Change ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* Workshops on Language Change and Language Acquisition preceding The 25th Annual Meeting of the North East Linguistics Society October 13, 1994 University of Pennsylvania CALL FOR PAPERS deadline for submission of abstracts: August 9, 1994 The Institute for Research on Cognitive Science will sponsor two workshops on October 13th, 1994, the day preceding the start of NELS 25. The workshops address to areas from the point of view of formal linguistic theory: Workshop I: Language Change (historical linguistics, as well as change in progress) Workshop II: Language Acquisition We invite anonymous 1-page abstracts for 20-minute papers on either of these topics (8-1/2" by 11", single-spaced, in 12 point type with 1" margins). Send 5 copies to "Language Change Workshop" or "Language Acquisition Workshop" at the following address, accompanied by a 3x5 card stating the title of the paper, your address and affiliation, phone number, and e-mail address. Linguistics Department 619 Williams Hall University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 As noted in a previous announcement, NELS 25 itself will take place October 14-16, 1994. The deadline for submission of abstracts to NELS is July 26. Abstracts should be anonymous and TWO pages in length (the second page need not be limited to data and/or references); formatting requirements are otherwise the same as for the workshops. Send 10 copies of the abstract together with a 3x 5 card showing the title of the paper, the author's address and affiliation, phone number, and e-mail address to: Questions can be directed to Gene Buckley and Sabine Iatridou at nels25@babel.ling.upenn.edu. ******************************************************************************* ******************************************************************************* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-435. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-436. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 198 Subject: 5.436 Generics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 11:49:49 EDT From: Julie Auger Subject: Generic "c,a" in Colloquial French 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:05:03 -0500 (EST) From: MARC PICARD Subject: ca (aka c,a) 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 07:32:22 +1000 (EST) From: j.guy@trl.oz.au (Jacques Guy) Subject: Re: 5.424 Generics : French "c,a" 4) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:18:01 +1000 From: Bert.Peeters@modlang.utas.edu.au (Bert Peeters) Subject: Re: 5.424 Generics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 11:49:49 EDT From: Julie Auger Subject: Generic "c,a" in Colloquial French I am quite pleased that my brief comment on "c,a" as a generic marker has generated so much discussion. I would like to respond to some of these comments. For convenience, I repeat here the two sentences which appeared in the original posting: (1) Les hommes c,a parle tout le temps the men that talks all the time (2) Les hommes ils parlent tout le temps the men they talk all the time First, I'd like to thank Bert Peeters for the reference to Ruwet's book (I already knew about Manoliu-Manea's article) and Knud Lambrecht for reminding me of his own treatment of this element. Ruwet's focus is on a different use of "c,a" than the generic, but it is always important to keep the larger picture in mind. As for the question which Lambrecht raises of whether it is "c,a" which is generic or the construction in which it is used, this is a difficult question. What is clear is that the choice of "c,a" is crucial in forcing a generic interpretation. Adam Karpinski remarks that the sentence in (1) above looks very much like a case of left-dislocation. This now forces us to get into the hotly-debated issue of determining the status of subject clitics in Colloquial French. I'll try to be brief in summarizing my position in this debate. First, I fully agree with Morin 1982, Thibault 1983, Kayne 1983, and Zribi-Hertz 1993 that "c,a" belongs to the same paradigm as the other subject markers "je, tu, il, elle, on, vous, ils" (this is the paradigm for Quebec Colloquial French, where "on" has replaced "nous" as a 1pl subject marker and where there is gener- ally no gender distinction in 3pl). Evidence in support of this position includes the fact that the preverbal form differs from the syntactically-independent form: the preverbal form contains an anterior [a], whereas the independent form contains a posterior "a" (at least in Quebec Colloquial French, where the distinction between anterior and posterior "a" is very clear). Indeed, the behevior of "ca" in sequences like "ca parle" reminds us of the behavior of "la`" in compound adverbs like "la`-dedans", "la`-haut", etc. (i.e., anterior "a" in compounds and posterior "a" in indepen- dent uses). Furthermore, syntactically speaking, "ca" shows up in all the environments where other subject markers show up. Second, it has been argued by a number of people that con- structions like (1) and (2) in Colloquial French represent cases of clitic doubling of the type found in the Northern Italian dialects, and not cases of left-dislocation (cf., e.g., Harris 1978, Lam- brecht 1981, etc., Roberge 1986, etc., Matthews 1989, Ossipov 1990, Auger 1993, De Wind 1993, Zribi-Hertz 1993, to name only a few), with the subject marker functioning as an inflectional agreement marker on the verb and the doubled subject being the actual subject. Some arguments in favor of this analysis concern the fact that doubling with bare quantifiers is possible, thus ruling out a dislocation analysis, the fact that subject markers show up in subject relative clauses, and the fact that subject markers must be repeated on each verb in VP-conjunction. Now, regarding Alexis Manaster-Ramer's comments. First, I am not sure I understand what's pedantic. Second, he's right about the fact that we know that "parle" in (1) above is singular because of examples where the difference between singular and plural verb forms is heard, as in his example (3) Les hommes c,a boit/*boivent tout le temps the men that drinks/*drink all the time but that doesn't prevent native speakers from knowing that "parle" is singular in (1). Third, as for the example: (4) Les hommes c,a parle quand c,a veut the men that speaks when that wants it is perfectly grammatical in Quebec Colloquial French. That does not prevent me, however, from considering that "c,a" has indeed been reanalyzed, as argued above. In my opinion, Manaster-Ramer is therefore absolutely right when he suggests that "c,a" has become reanalyzed as a verbal prefix, just like the other subject markers. --Julie Auger -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:05:03 -0500 (EST) From: MARC PICARD Subject: ca (aka c,a) Alexis Manaster Ramer's sentence: Les hommes, ca parle quand ca veut is perfectly acceptable. Isn't this type of construction the same as that found in English sentences like: (1) Lippy linguists, now that's what I can't stand (2) Flat tires, now that's really dangerous when it happens at night. Marc Picard -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 07:32:22 +1000 (EST) From: j.guy@trl.oz.au (Jacques Guy) Subject: Re: 5.424 Generics : French "c,a" > From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu > Subject: French generic c,a > > Since this is colloquial, > we really need to have an example where the 3sg. and 3pl. are > pronounced differently, e.g., > > Les hommes, c,a boit (*boivent) tout le temps. > Singular, i.e. "les hommes, c,a boit". This is similar to "on" used for "nous", e.g. "nous, on est des hommes et on boit tout le temps." > > Also, a question regarding the "generic pronoun". I am > not at all clear that c,a is a pronoun in these constructions. > For example, although my French is piss-poor, I doubt you > could say > > Les hommes, c,a parle quand c,a veut. > It is perfectly normal colloquial French. Eg.: Les clebs, c,a le`ve la patte partout par ou` c,a passe. Or: C,a le've la patte partout par ou` c,a passe, les clebs. The same construction is found with the singular: Un clebs, c,a etc. (clebs = colloquial for "chien", from the Arabic kalb/kilaab) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:18:01 +1000 From: Bert.Peeters@modlang.utas.edu.au (Bert Peeters) Subject: Re: 5.424 Generics >Date: Tue, 12 Apr 94 10:07:28 EDT >From: Alexis_Manaster-Ramer@MTS.cc.Wayne.edu > > Also, a question regarding the "generic pronoun". I am > not at all clear that c,a is a pronoun in these constructions. > For example, although my French is piss-poor, I doubt you > could say > > Les hommes, c,a parle quand c,a veut. > > If this is correct, I wonder if this c,a has not become >reanalyzed in some way. The example does not strike me at all as being implausible. I would be curious to know how native speakers judge it, but it sits alright with me (although it is admittedly colloquial). ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-436. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-437. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 188 Subject: 5.437 Accents Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 08:55:03 CDT From: Raymond Lang Subject: misinterpreted southern accents 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 09:41:51 CDT From: Michael Picone Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 11:27:38 EDT From: Dorine Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 10:48:22 +22304916 (CDT) From: swalton@whale.st.usm.edu (Shana Walton) Subject: Cokie Roberts and accents 5) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:08:35 -0500 (CDT) From: Angus Grieve-Smith Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 08:55:03 CDT From: Raymond Lang Subject: misinterpreted southern accents >You're right to note that the national media often misrepresent and/or >misinterpret southern speech. > >[...] > >Second, unless I am misinformed, Cokie Roberts is the daughter of the >former congresspersons Hale Boggs and (Cindy?) Boggs of Louisiana. ^^^^^ Lindy Boggs was first elected in the 60s to fill the vacancy created when her husband Hale died in a plane crash. She was repeatedly re-elected to the House until she retired almost 4 years ago. I believe Lindy was the only white congressperson ever elected (or re-elected) by a black majority district. With respect to misinterpreted accents, I have yet to see a movie which takes place in New Orleans where the filmmakers even come close to getting the accent right. As a native, it's terribly distracting to be watching, say, JFK, and hear Jim Garrison speaking with a southern drawl. French accents are still heard in rural areas to the south and west of the city, and southern accents are common to the north and east (as a rule of thumb); but the city proper has its own accent which is neither French nor southern. An authentic New Orleans accent is closer to Brooklynese than to any variety of southern accent. Ray lang@cs.tulane.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 09:41:51 CDT From: Michael Picone Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents Leo Connolly wrote: > ... Memphis is grateful >for Mississippi and Arkansas because these states give us something to >look down at. > ... unless I am misinformed, Cokie Roberts is the daughter of the >former congresspersons Hale Boggs and (Cindy?) Boggs of Louisiana. If >she says someone's Mississippi drawl is unintelligible, I guess she >ought to know -- and she's certainly entitled to say so. Sounds a lot like Cokie Roberts is doing just what they do in Memphis, looking down on other Southerners as a way of overcompensating. It doesn't change the fact that the media generally portrays the South unfavorably and often put language habits in a bad light to do so. Mike Picone University of Alabama -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 11:27:38 EDT From: Dorine Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents As a speaker of Fluffyan (Philadelphia RP), I've always understood "bubba" to mean "Jewish Grandmother, most likely immigrated from E. Eur. rather than born here, and always the greatest of cooks" so spent the whole election year with a completely different take on the "bubba vote,"--one that made national news commentary seem a bit odd. But hey, you just never know about those media types ;-)! So Fran Karttunen now indicates that a "bubba" is male, southern, and probably poorly educated. How many other ways is the word "bubba" used in the US? Cheers, Dorine Houston v2188g@templevm -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 10:48:22 +22304916 (CDT) From: swalton@whale.st.usm.edu (Shana Walton) Subject: Cokie Roberts and accents I just have to jump in here and say that Cokie Roberts is the daughter of Congresswoman Lindy Boggs and the late Hale Boggs. My understanding is that she was raised in New Orleans and in DC, but her grandparents are old-line Louisiana wealth and had a plantation in one of the river parishes. All this to say, people in New Orleans DO NOT have what most linguists think of as traditional Southern accents. In fact, many Southerners do not consider New Orleans a "Southern" town, whatever that means (as compared to, say, Jackson, Miss., Baton Rouge, La.) So, I would not consider her necessarily any more competent to as a lay judge of accents because of being from New Orleans. However, I don't know how much time she spent at her grandparents. And while Ms. Roberts has almost no trace of the South in her speech (a bit of New Orleans, sometimes), you can still hear the river in Ms. Boggs' accent. I agree that it seems that in this PC world "rednecks" are about the last group educated people feel comfortable making fun of. I find the "bubba vote" particularly offensive. And I'm tired of people saying, "Thank god for Arkansas, Louisiana, and Mississippi, they make us look good." There's a lot of prejuidice out there against Southerners, and it's real. (Although I understand from a friend who works in DC that you're more likely to get hired as a secretary/receptionist on the Hill if you're a woman who speaks with a certain type of Southern accent, the gentile variety. Apparently some people find it pleasing and nonthreatening.) As for Southerners disliking movie and tv accents, I think there's actually a love-hate relationship going on. Judie Maxwell and I ran a pilot study to examine Southerners "putting on" Southern accents and then talking about what their accents mean to them. We found people -- especially those who interacted with people from a variety of backgrounds--often learned to use their accents, to exaggerate them, to deliver all kinds of subtle messages, to assert their "quasi-ethnic" identity, to "put one over" on outsiders. I'm not suggesting that this is unique to Southerners. It's probably true of anyone with a stigmatized speech dialect. We just happened to study Southerners. If anybody wants more information about the results or what we did, email me. Shana Walton Mississippi Oral History Program University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg, Mississippi email: swalton@whale.st.usm.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:08:35 -0500 (CDT) From: Angus Grieve-Smith Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents Bill King asks whether native New Yorkers can fairly make fun of people from Brooklyn. That depends on what part of New York. As a middle-class white native of Manhattan, I speak with hardly any trace of distinctive New York pronunciation (except [ar^ndZ] and [far^st] for "orange" and "forest"). Although I've heard people in my situation make comments about people from Brooklyn and western Long Island, I'd hardly consider it fair (with the same intent as previously discussed). As for speakers of different, but similarly stigmatized, varieties like those currently spoken in Queens, William Labov, in his dissertation, describes situations where speakers with heavy New York accents would make fun of TV personalities for the same features that they themselves had in abundance. He also relates with regret how shocked and unhappy they were when he pointed this out to them. -- -Angus B. Grieve-Smith grvsmth@uchicago.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-437. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-438. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 173 Subject: 5.438 Accents Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:58-EDT From: Marion.Kee@A.NL.CS.CMU.EDU Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 20:29:08 CDT From: kemmer@ruf.rice.edu (Suzanne E Kemmer) Subject: covert attitudes 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 12:07:38 +0008 From: "RANDY J. LAPOLLA" Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents 4) Date: 13 Apr 94 16:33:40 CST From: "Murray Munro" Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 13:58-EDT From: Marion.Kee@A.NL.CS.CMU.EDU Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents I grew up in south-central West Virginia, a place which has an accent that I can distinguish from those prevailing in some other parts of the state (let alone those versions of Appalachian or "southern" accents that prevail in various bordering areas, such as the Pittsburgh area where I now live, or eastern Kentucky, or southwest Virginia, etc.) I remember going to see "Silence of the Lambs" when it came out. I hadn't read the book, so I did not know what the background of Jodie Foster's character was supposed to be. What struck me at first when her character spoke, was that it sounded awfully close to "down home." This made me pretty curious. Probably, I thought, her character is supposed to be from Tennessee or someplace like that. U.S. film-makers, after all, seem to use Tennessee locales to represent other Appalachian locales (cf. whatever that Paul Newman film about Blaze Starr and Huey Long was called), and only we natives of those "other locales" seem to notice that it doesn't fit. Perhaps, in a similar way, a Tennessee accent was being attempted here, and fallen short of. Probably most people would never notice the difference. Imagine my surprise when the script revealed that Jodie's character was from roughly the area where I grew up! Her accent was very close to being "correct." She must have done her homework. I was impressed. I suspect that she immersed herself in the speech of the area for a while, whether directly or through tapes. While I would love to go on to discuss the political implications of revealing one's heritage as an Appalachian in every sentence one utters (in fact, the movie "Silence of the Lambs" does explore this to some extent), I am not sure that this list is the proper place for it. It has always been OK for other Americans to look down on "hillbillies", regardless of race. Our speech tends to be an object of pity, or of derision; its serious erosion under the deluge of television during the past 40 years should be a topic for research. In any case, it was pleasant for me to find that a major actress had been so thorough in respecting that speech. Marion Kee | All opinions are my own; Knowledge Engineer, Center for Machine Translation | when CMU wants my opinions Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh, PA, USA | it pays for them. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 20:29:08 CDT From: kemmer@ruf.rice.edu (Suzanne E Kemmer) Subject: covert attitudes The comment about southern speech, "Beneath that deceptive North Carolina drawl, there's a crisp intelligence", reminded me of another case I came across where a speaker's covert cognitive model is revealed by the juxtaposition of perceived incompatibles: (in an advertisement for handcream): "So feminine...yet so effective!" --Suzanne Kemmer -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 12:07:38 +0008 From: "RANDY J. LAPOLLA" Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents Apropos accents, attitudes, and the ability to copy other accents, a New York accent (esp. Bronx or Brooklyn) also has connotations of lack of education and culture. For this reason I made a conscious effort in college to learn standard English, though in doing so I kept getting it wrong, and so for quite some time people kept asking me what country I was from. Most guessed France. By the way, immitations of the New York accent are usually easy to spot (e.g. rounding the first part of the dipthong in words such as "toidi-toid street"), though there is one amazing exception: when I saw the movie _Rogger Rabbit_, I had no idea the lead (human) actor was an Australian who normally has a very strong Aussie accent. A Native New Yorker -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 13 Apr 94 16:33:40 CST From: "Murray Munro" Subject: Re: 5.422 Accents Margaret Fleck's posting raises an interesting issue about unsophisticated listeners' abilities to distinguish accents. She wrote > A cautionary note about "parodies" of various accents: remember that > most people (particularly non-linguists) are quite bad at > distinguishing accents very different from their own. It seems very > likely that the imitators can't hear the difference between what > they are producing and the real thing. While I agree that an inability to accurately imitate an accent may be the result of perceptual difficulties, I don't think it is fair to say that people are bad at "distinguishing" accents. There are certainly plenty of studies in the phonetics literature showing that even untrained listeners are astonishingly good at detecting a foreign accent. In one study by Flege, for instance, English listeners could detect a French accent at above-chance levels in short portions of speech such as CVs and even 30-millisecond chunks edited from initial consonants. Accuracy increased (to as much as 95%) as a function of the duration of the speech sample presented. While it's certainly possible that accent imitators may do a mediocre job because they can't "zero in" (in terms of perception, production, or both) on subtle aspects of the accent that cause it to sound genuine, they may still be aware of their own "imprecision." I think bad imitations of Southern speech may have a lot to do with a tendency for actors to imitate stereotypical forms of the accent rather than true models. A particularly extreme case of a similar sort of thing occurred in an American TV commercial (for Kellogg's cereal, I think) which was adapted for viewing in Canada a few years ago. In a mock interview, people who supposedly came from small Canadian cities were speaking about why they ate Frosted Flakes. As I recall, one of the interviewees, who supposedly came from Lethbridge, Alberta, spoke like someone from the American South. Apparently the makers of this commercial thought they could get away with this silliness because in Canada as well as the US, a Southern American accent is often associated with a rural, uneducated image (my apologies to Lethbridge readers). There is also a character in the TV series "Northern Exposure" who is said to come from rural western Canada (Saskatchewan perhaps?) but who has noticeable Southern American elements in his speech. Whether this is intentional on his part or not, it is interesting that he was cast as a rural Canadian. Murray Munro Department of Biocommunication University of Alabama at Birmingham -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-438. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-439. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 197 Subject: 5.439 Confs: CONFERENCE ON AFROASIATIC LANGUAGES Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 12:06:38 +0100 From: "Jacqueline Lecarme" Subject: Announcement Follows -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Sun, 17 Apr 94 12:06:38 +0100 From: "Jacqueline Lecarme" Subject: Announcement Follows ______________________________________________________________________________ CONFERENCE ON AFROASIATIC LANGUAGES Sophia Antipolis, France 16-18 June 1994 For further information please contact jl@llaor.unice.fr (J. Lecarme). PRELIMINARY PROGRAM Thursday, June 16 9:00 John McCarthy, University of Massachusets, Amherst: Optimality in Semitic Phonology and Morphology 10:00 Samir Khalaily, Universite de Leiden: A Syntactic Home for the Davidsonian Event Argument: Evidence from Standard Arabic 10:30 Break 11:00 Laurie Tuller, Universite de Tours: Rich and Strong Inflection 11:30 Georges Bohas et Gerard Roquet, Universite de Paris 8 et Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes: Les etymons en arabe et en haut egyptien: recherche sur le lexique chamito-semitique 12:00 Lunch 14:00 Giuseppe Longobardi, Universite de Venise: Construct State in Romance and Semitic: a Minimalist Interpretation 14:30 Georgine Ayoub, Universite de Paris 3: Gouverneurs et operateurs 15:00 Lunella Mereu, Universite de Rome: The Status of Subject Clitics in the Afro-asiatic Languages: Evidence from Somali 15:30 Break 16:00 Abdelkader Gonegai, Universite de Casablanca: A propos de la syntaxe du complement accusatif at-tamyi:z en arabe standard 16:30 Mohamed Guerssel et Jean Lowenstamm, Universite du Quebec a Montreal - Universite Paris 7: Aspects of Classical Arabic Verbal Morphology Friday June 17 9:00 Hagit Borer, University of Massachussets,Amherst: Stylistic Inversion, [Spec, IP] and Quantification 10:00 Dominique Rodier, Universite McGill, Montreal: The Template for Intensive reduplication in Afar 10:30 Break 11:00 Gertjan Postma, Universite de Leiden: The Nominal Nature of the Complementizer 11:30 David Gil, University of Singapore: Universal Quantification in Hebrew and Arabic 12:00 Lunch 14:00 Abdellah Chekayri et Tobias Scheer, Universite de Paris 8: La provenance apophonique des semi-voyelles dans les verbes creux et defectueux en arabe classique 14:30 Ur Shlonsky, Universite de Geneve: Eyn-Negation and What it teaches Us about Hebrew Clause Structure 15:00 Philippe Segeral, Universite de Paris 7: L'apophonie dans la derivation de certains pluriels brises de triliteres simples en ge'ez 15:30 Break 16:00 Tali Siloni, Universite de Geneve: On Hebrew Gerund 16:30 Victor Porkhomovsky, Academie des Sciences, Moscou: Verbal Categories in Hamito-Semitic 17:00 Mostafa Rechad, Universite de Paris 8: Un predicat doit avoir un Cas: remarques sur la verification casuelle en arabe 20:00 Fete Saturday June 18 9:00 Abdelkader Fassi Fehri, Universite de Rabat: Regulating the Lexicon of Arabic Forms 10:00 Jean-Pierre Angoujard, CNRS-2LC, Sophia Antipolis: Une analyse non-derivationnelle du maltais standard 10:30 Break 11:00 Edit Doron, Hebrew University, Jerusalem: The Predicate in Arabic 11:30 Maarten Mous, Universite de Leiden: The Prosodic Morphology of broken Plurals in Iraqw (S. Cushitic) 12:00Lunch 14:00 Jamal Ouhalla, Queen Mary and Westfield College: The Construct State in Berber 14:30 Sharon Rose, Universite McGill, Montreal: Inflectional Affix Order in Ethio-Semitic 15:00 Giuliano Lancioni, Universite de Geneve: Arabic Sentence Structure: Agreement and Incorporation 15:30 Break 16:00 Degif Petros et Jean-Francois Prunet, Universite du Quebec a Montreal: Du prefixe 1N- en chaha 16:30 Jacqueline Lecarme, CNRS-2LC, Sophia Antipolis: Temps morphologique et syntaxe de DP en somali 17:00 Naima Louali et Gilbert Puech, Universite Lyon 2: Systeme vocalique et organisation de la morphologie en touareg Alternates Maher Awad, University of Colorado, USA: The Semantic Contribution of Complementizers: Evidence from Palestinian Arabic Joseph L. Malone, Barnard College, New York and Columbia University: More on Prosodic Circumscription in the Classical Mandaic: the Derived Verb Denise Perrett, Summer Institute of Linguistic, Nairobi: ``But'' in Hadiyya: A Labelled Deductive System Pestective of the Intersentential Connective ihukkaarem and Interclausalbagaan Robert R. Ratcliffe, Matsue Association for International Exchange, Japon: Reduplicated Noun Plurals and Drift in Afro-asiatic Erin Shay, University of Colorado: Complementizers and their Verbs -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-439. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-440. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 130 Subject: 5.440 Confs: Language & Law Sessions at L&SA, ACL94 Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 16:13:26 -0500 (EST) From: "Bethany Dumas, UTK" Subject: Language & Law Sessions at L&SA 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 14:37:23 MDT From: shelmrei@crl.nmsu.edu (Stephen Helmreich) Subject: ANNOUNCEMENT: Contributions Solicited for ACL94 WWW Page -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 16:13:26 -0500 (EST) From: "Bethany Dumas, UTK" Subject: Language & Law Sessions at L&SA To: Participating Linguists, 1994 Annual Meeting, Law & Society Ass'n, and Other Interested Persons Re: Schedule Change for Language in the Judicial Process II 1. In the Preliminary Program for the 1994 Annual Meeting of the Law & Society Ass'n (Arizona Biltmore, Phoenix, June 16-19, 1994), Sessions 99 (Roundtable on Linguistic Analysis of Supreme Court Cases) and 106 (Language in the Judicial Process II) are scheduled for the same time, 10:15 am -12:00 noon on Saturday, June 18. Those of us scheduled in #106 wanted to be able to attend #99, so we have arranged for #106 to be moved to Sunday morning, June 19, from 8:15 - 10 am. 2. For the information of other persons, there are three sessions of interest to linguist at the meeting. Those sessions and the speakers in them are listed below. Requests about registration for L&SA should be directed to: lsa@legal.umass.edu. #96 Language in the Judicial Process I Ronald R. Butters, Chair Ronald R. Butters, The Imitation of Dialect for Illegal Purposes: An Empirical Study Bethany K. Dumas, Warning Labels in an Industrial Context: The Role of Material Safety Data Sheets Reynoldo P. Macias, Bilingualism and 'English Only' Rules in the Workplace Lawrence Solan, The Linguistic Philosophy of Justice Antonin Scalia #99 Roundtable: Linguistic Analysis of Supreme Court Cases (Ref: Plain Meaning And Hard Cases, Yale Law Review, March 1994) Clark D. Cunningham, and Judith N. Levi, Co-Chairs Participants: Georgia M. Green, Jeffrey Kaplan, Frederick Schauer #106 Language in the Judicial Process II Bethany K. Dumas, Chair Michael G. Johnson, Language Transparency, Naive Linguistics, and the Role of the Language Expert Peter Tiersma, The Meaning of Silence Weiping Wu, The Paradox of Translating in the Legal Field -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 94 14:37:23 MDT From: shelmrei@crl.nmsu.edu (Stephen Helmreich) Subject: ANNOUNCEMENT: Contributions Solicited for ACL94 WWW Page Please distribute: From: iverson@crl.nmsu.edu (Eric Iverson) Subject: ANNOUNCEMENT: Contributions Solicited for ACL94 WWW Page Date: 14 Apr 94 14:42:46 Organization: Computing Research Lab The Computing Research Laboratory at New Mexico State University is pleased to host the 1994 meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. As part of the conference, I am working on a World Wide Web document which will include information on our lab, the university, and the area in general. In addition to this, I would like to include pointers to other web pages. Specifically, I am looking for home pages of other AI/NLP labs, URLs for online text corpora, dictionaries, NLP demos, linguistic software, or anything else that may be of interest to a Computational Linguistics audience. If you know of any addresses, please email them to me at: iverson@crl.nmsu.edu. I will then incorporate them into our document. ========================================================================= Eric Iverson Internet: iverson@nmsu.edu Computing Research Lab Box 30001/3CRL Life is something to do when New Mexico State University you can't get to sleep. Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001 -Fran Lebowitz VOICE: (505) 646-5856 FAX: (505) 646-6218 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-440. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-441. Mon 18 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 97 Subject: 5.441 Sum: Inventory of phonetic changes Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 19:56:36 -0400 (EDT) From: tuitekj@ere.umontreal.ca (Tuite Kevin J.) Subject: Summary on inventory of phonetic changes -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 1994 19:56:36 -0400 (EDT) From: tuitekj@ere.umontreal.ca (Tuite Kevin J.) Subject: Summary on inventory of phonetic changes Dear Internet Linguists, A couple of weeks ago I posted a query as to whether anyone had compiled a handbook of attested sound changes (Linguist 5-383). I received 11 responses, over half of them offering titles of works containing particularly extensive inventories of sound changes, an even larger number wanting to know what answers I got, several lamenting the absence of a compendium of this kind of data, three addressing the transformation of PIE *duo into Armenian erku (which inspired this query), one recounting an amusing case of child phonology (how "grape" came out as [dai] via independently attested Kinderlautgesetze) and one asking how my last name is pronounced. Many thanks to all who took the trouble to respond. I join with you in hoping that someday someone somewhere will compile a handy (and affordable) guidebook to sound changes. The lists of titles & contributors follow. With best wishes, Kevin Kevin Tuite ['tuIt] 514-343-6514 (bureau/office) Departement d'anthropologie 514-343-2494 (telecopieur/FAX) Universite de Montreal tuitekj@ere.umontreal.ca Anttila, Raimo. 1972. An Introduction to Historical and Comparative Linguistics (Chap. 11). New York Benediktsson, Hreinn. 1970. Aspects of Historical Phonology. In: The Nordic Languages and Modern Linguistics. Reykjavik Bynon, Theodora. 1977. Historical Linguistics (Chap. 1). Cambridge University Press Janson, Tore. 1983. Sound Change in Perception and Production. Language 59:1 Labov, William. 1972. Sociolinguistic Patterns (Chap. 9). Oxford: Blackwell Collinge, N. E. 1985. The Laws of Indo-European (Amsterdam Studies in the Theory and History of Linguistic Science. Ser. 4: Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, vol. 35). Amsterdam: Benjamins. ---vol. 1 of the last ed. of Brugmann's Grundriss. ---Mayrhofer's Lautlehre, 'all but lost in vol. 1 of the Indogermanische Grammatik (C. Winter, 1986) ed. by Bammesberger, A., and Kurylowicz, J.' -- ---Hudson-Williams, T. 1961. A Short Introduction to the Study of Comparative Grammar (Indo-European). Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ---Lehmann, W., ed. 1967. Reader in 19th-Century Historical Linguistics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. Andre Haudricourt: La phonologie panchronique Roger Lass has collected "some useful examples in ch. 8 of my ... phonology textbook (Cambridge, 1984): this has synchronic as well as historical processes." Grammont's Traite de Phonetique Marc Picard graciously sent me a copy of his article "On the evaluation of Competing Analyses in Historical Phonology: Naturalness, Minimality and the Case of Armenian /erk/" (Language Sciences, Vol 12 #1, pp 85-99, 1990) Andre Martinet's _Economie des changements phonetiques_ (Berne, 1955) i My thanks once again to those who replied: Roger Lass Miles Beckwith ; Michael Job ; Ann Lindvall ; Steven Schaufele ; Michael Kac ; Robert Westmoreland ; Paul Fallon : Marc Picard ; David Solnit ; Jussi Karlgren -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-441. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-442. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 188 Subject: 5.442 Accents Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 09:39:26 -0500 (EST) From: MARONOFF@Datalab2.sbs.sunysb.edu Subject: Re: 5.437 Accents 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 14:46 BST From: HUGH SORRILL Subject: RE: 5.438 Accents 3) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 15:43:51 -0500 (CDT) From: Mary Ann Geissal Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents 4) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 18:04:23 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Re: 5.437 Accents 5) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 18:13:01 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents 6) Date: Tue, 19 Apr 94 08:31:21 JST From: James Magnuson Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 09:39:26 -0500 (EST) From: MARONOFF@Datalab2.sbs.sunysb.edu Subject: Re: 5.437 Accents The remark about gentile southern accents set me to wondering: are there any southern jewish accents? All the southern jews I know grew up as members of tiny communities (often consisting of one family) in places like Waco. What about Atlanta? Was there a large enough jewish community anywhere in the south to develop an accent of its own? Can we count Cincinatti or Baltimore as being southern and is there such a thing as a Cincinatti or Baltimore jewish accent? Another point, somewhat related: my daughter pointed out to me that her sixth-grade ancient history textbook has a section about two persecuted minorities in Rome: Christians and jewish people. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 14:46 BST From: HUGH SORRILL Subject: RE: 5.438 Accents Forgive me for being picky, but there is a misapprehension which cannot go uncorrected. Far from being from Australia (as Randy Lapolla would have us believe) the lead human actor in "Roger Rabbit" is from deepest darkest London. However this is not the first time that I've heard of speakers of American English mistake a strong London accent for an Australian one. What is it that confuses? To my ear, admittedly more used to both accents, there doesn't seem to be any similarity whatsoever. Indeed there is a general psycholinguistic point here - how do we perceive minute differences a la Henry Sweet? -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 15:43:51 -0500 (CDT) From: Mary Ann Geissal Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents > date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 12:07:38 +0008 > from: "RANDY J. LAPOLLA" > subject: Re: 5.422 Accents > > By the way, immitations of the New York accent are usually easy to > spot (e.g. rounding the first part of the dipthong in words such as > "toidi-toid street"), though there is one amazing > exception: when I saw the movie _Rogger Rabbit_, I had no idea the lead > (human) actor was an Australian who normally has a very strong Aussie > accent. > > A Native New Yorker Er...Are you talking about Bob Hoskins? He's no Aussie; he's English, from North London, I think. Mary Ann -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 18:04:23 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Re: 5.437 Accents Howard Long comments that he has yet to see a movie set in New Orleans in which the filmmakers got the accent right. It reminded me of an epi- sode of 'The Rockford Files' in which Rob Reiner plays a lowlife ostensibly from Chicago who has a thick NY accent. And the beat goes on ... Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 18:13:01 -0500 From: Michael Kac Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents A couple of correspondents in this discussion have made reference to Brox and Brooklyn accents (presumably subvarieties of NYC English). It's always been a part of the folklore regarding New York City speech that there are distinctive accents associated with The Bronx and with Brooklyn (differing both from each other and from other NYC accents); is that really true? Is there any real evidence one way or the other? There are a couple of reasons for supposing that the common view is false. One is that there is ample evidence for the differences ob- servable among varieties of NYC English being socially rather than geographically distributed; another is that you rarely if ever hear people talk about Manhattan or Queens accents. (Staten Island, anyone?) It's worth noting as well that features commonly thought as to be typical Bronx or Brooklyn features can be found in the speech of lifelong manhattanites. But I don't keep up with the dialectological literature so perhaps there's counterevidence. At any rate, I'd be interested in knowing what people have to say. Michael Kac -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6) Date: Tue, 19 Apr 94 08:31:21 JST From: James Magnuson Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents "Murray Munro" writes: > Margaret Fleck's posting raises an interesting issue about > unsophisticated listeners' abilities to distinguish accents. She wrote > > > A cautionary note about "parodies" of various accents: remember that > > most people (particularly non-linguists) are quite bad at > > distinguishing accents very different from their own. It seems very > > likely that the imitators can't hear the difference between what > > they are producing and the real thing. > > While I agree that an inability to accurately imitate an accent may > be the result of perceptual difficulties, I don't think it is fair to > say that people are bad at "distinguishing" accents. There are > certainly plenty of studies in the phonetics literature showing that > even untrained listeners are astonishingly good at detecting a > foreign accent. A bit of anecdotal evidence suggesting people aren't so great at distinguishing accents from closer-to-home: My first year in college, I had neighbors from Miami, Nebraska, and Connecticut. I grew up in a rural area 50 miles north of Minneapolis. I'll refer to us as FL, NE, CT and MN. All of us had distinctive regional accents, "except" the guy from CT, who sounded like a network anchorman. CT thought all of us had strong accents, but all of us thought we had accents identical to CT's. To CT and MN, FL and NE had strong, but different, southern accents. FL and NE didn't hear accents in each other. CT, FL and NE thought MN (that's me) had a strong accent. On the other hand, people from Minneapolis had no trouble detecting my accent. In fact, they thought I sounded like the MacKenzie brothers from SCTV, sans the "eh"s and "take off"s. jim -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-442. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-443. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 166 Subject: 5.443 Accents Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 20:13 PDT From: benji wald Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 20:13 PDT From: benji wald Subject: Re: 5.438 Accents I have been followingthe discussion on accents with more than my usual interest. I have some observations to make and a request. I'll make the request first, andthen go on to the observations. The request is: can anybody out there tell me how I can subscribe to the American Speech network on which this particular topic started? Observations: first that stereotypes of accents are distinct from accents, regardless of whether the stereotypers have the accents or not. This is relevant to all portrayals of accents by actors etc, where the actors box office drawing power is of more concern to producers than their ability to do "authentic" accents of whatever type is needed. It is also relevant to Cokie Roberts "joke" about unintelligible Mississippi accents, if I got the areal reference right. Sure, Cokie has a discernible but underplayed Southern accent of an educated type, approporiate to her profession -- but that doesnt mean that her comment does not reflect a smugness which may accomodate to her "sophisticated" Washington DC milieu, or have a class basis among educated Southerners. So while it's worth observing that she is Southern, as many postings have done, that does not mean that it is not a reflection of the same prejudice which is acknowledged when coming froma "Northern" mouth/pen -- and then I have allowed that it may also be a more local class-accent prejudice among Southerners, but I think she was playing to the general American audience to whom she addressed her remark as a witticism. Northern prejudice of the Southern accent, and stereotyping it with undesirabl e but particularly "country" and "ignorant" characteristics has a long history, but I think it reached its height of unpopularity as "dangerous" "racist" and "evil" in the films of the 1960s, starting with "Easy Rider". There is also a sexual split, so that I have heard many Northerners say they hate the Southern accent in a MAN, but find it charming in a WOMAN -- and come to think of it, I can't think of any MALE Southern actors with the success of female Southerners like Holly Hunter (but there are not many like her either in Hollywood, does Cissy Spacek, how do you spell it? count?) Stemberger had asked about whether North American accents had been radically altered by immigrants -- implying some substratal phenomena. Actually, when I first read his question, I thought of Northern US accents, in the context of Southern US accents -- although I realised that is not what he meant. But I already had some thoughts about that, so I thought I would mention them. To begin with, a concept which became popular among the creolists in arguing with the dialectologists about the origin of Black Englis h is very disagreeable to many white Southerners and contradicts their own myths about their varieties of English. This was that SouthernUS English in general was (largely?) shaped by the African population and their descendents, this was in the context of arguments about the African and/or creole origin of various BE features like double modals, invariant be, etc etc, to which the dialectologists, like McDavid, a Southerner, said whites had them too, as if precluding a creole/African origin -- to which then the creolists came back with the argument I just mentioned. For example, Dillard cites a British traveler in the late 18th c who had the impression that Southerners who did not go to Northern or British schools to learn how to speak "properly ", which included many of the "ladies" even in adulthood, spoke like their Black servants. Features were not given, but that's not the point. From the age of this particular document I imagined, but have not done all the research, that the argument is actually an old one, and one which Northerners were in more overtly racist times able to taunt white Southerners about their accents. With that in mind, I read into the following passages of one of the usual popularising stereotyped accents books, in this case, Dian Eaton's "Is it true what they say about Dixie?" (Secaucus,NJ: Citadel Press, 1988) a loving treatment, and informative, but no less stereotyping for that: Quote 1: The Southern population has grown by natural increase rather than by the waves of immigration that swept the more industrial North. Therefore, the same principal population divisions as the original settlers have pretty well been maintained: the Anglo-Saxons, the Scotch-Irish, the Germans, French , Spanish, Mexicans, and the Africans. (p.3) Quote 2: The Southern dialect is not really Southern at all, but the Queen's English of the time of Queen Elizabeth I, Shakespeare, Marlowe... if Shakespeare were to travel into the remote regions of North Carolina today, into the coves and hollows of the Blue Ridge and Great Smoky Mountains, he would find highlanders conversing in his own pure mother tongue (although heavily accented), and he would have no difficulty in fitting in (p.8) Quote 2 is of course a familiar version of the myth of Appalachian speech (rather than Lowland Southern varieties). Although the two quotes are pages apart I read them together as a subtext in response to the Northern "taunt" that they speak like "Africans". The retort is: not at all, we speak "real" English, the way it was spoken in England when WE left. On the other hand, you Northerners speak a jargon corrupted by your many waves of immigrants who have overwhelmed your original "Anglo-Saxons" -- listen to the way you talk -- isn;'t that enough proof? So much for that, because all this stuff is pretty naive and simplistic as linguistics, but it's very interesting and important as a reflection of American society and the continuing rift for whatever current reasons between the North and the South. My next thought has to do with the apparent fact that Southerners are much more disturbed and resentful of the misportrayal of their accents in the media than are, say, New Yorkers, who seem almost obtuse to itsimplications,True enough, New York stereotypes are widely romanticised as glamorous or at least cunning gangsters, preferrable to the violent, racist, nasty stereotypes of Southerners. But still...? Well, it seems to me that New Yorkers are able to laugh off the stereotypes, or even accept them, as applying to some "other" New Yorkers. Southerners seem more communal in taking offense, because of the longstanding historical hostility. Some examples of New Yorkers accepting the stereotypes, Mae West in "She Donna Him Wrong" (193something) She's an authentic "oi" speaker, like a lot of New York performers of the time, e.g., Groucho Marx. Of course, "oi" is not pronounced "oi" except in the stereotype. In one scene, someone else use the stereotype,"I'm noivous" (it's a showgirl before the show where Mae West sings at her nightclub) -- the stereotype is used by someone who is not really a New Yorker. Mae West repeats her pronunciation of "noivous" mocking it "don't be noivous", as if unaware that the stereotype stems from a New York pronunciation like her own, never commented on by anyone in any of her films. That is, the stereotype became the written "oi", not the actually pronunciation. Later 1930s "Dead End" or whatever with Humphrey Bogart Sylvia Sydney and those Dead End Kids, Muggsy n them. Bogart is a real New Yorker, but of a relatively elevated class, prep school and all that. In the film he is a gangster returning to the hood. He has a phoney "oi" stereotype which comes up often, and contrasts like night and day with the authentic pronunciation of some of the street kids (that is the actors who portray them and do not have to phoney up this particular aspect of their character accents). In the late 1960s I found that New Yorkers I asked were deaf to the phoniness of Dustin Hoffman's accent in "Midnight Cowboy" portraying the New York City slimeball Rizzo. Actually he was quite good, but his dream was to go to "FLOOR-ida" that is "Florida" with the vowel of "floor" rather than "far", a feature of his native LA accent, common in the US outside of the East Coast, but alien to New York City or much of the East Coast. More recently I saw some movie where Jessica Lange plays a New Yorker opposite Robert DiNiro (a 199something movie) I forgot the title. Her accent is amusing and much less competent than Hoffman's. Particularly striking was that in the film DiNiro was "Harry", but she was incapable of calling him anything but "Hairy". Again, that's typical of American accents apart from the East Coast, but short a and "ay" are distinguished before r in open syllables in New York, just as short "o" as in Florida, forest, orang e, etc etc is distinguished from long "o" in the same environment. These aspects of pronunciation are almost impossible for people whose authentic accents have suffered the mergers to get right. So pop the films into your VCRs and check out what I have said. Getting back to the main point, New Yorkers are not upset by these mis- portrayals of their accent the way Southerners are, and I have already suggested that this has to do with the stereotyped character of the people associated with the (stereotyped) accents, and how the stream of history compels people who are the target of different stereotypes to take the stereotypes more or less personally, fearing -- with good reason, I think -- that the stereotypes are poisoning people's minds in a way that will be to their personal disadvantage. In closing, I want to encourage more talk about stereotypes, their relation to linguistic reality, and whether it is excusable for targets of stereotypes to play to the stereotypes, as seems to have been suggested, I think naively, in the case of Cokie Roberts. But I also think the irate Southerners should also discuss THEIR stereotypes of each other and other people, and discuss that too. Stereotypes will always be with us for comic effect, I think, although I'm not quite sure why it is universal to laugh at other people's speech. Benji -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-443. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-444. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 143 Subject: 5.444 Generics Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:20:35 -0500 From: Knud Lambrecht Subject: Re: 5.436 Generics -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:20:35 -0500 From: Knud Lambrecht Subject: Re: 5.436 Generics Like Julie Auger, I find the discussion on generic c,a fun and worth pursuing. Julie and I have discussed the matter of the status of bound or atonic subject pronouns for a while (with each other and in publications). I think Julie has demonstrated convincignly that Quebec French (QF) has gone a step further than European French (EF) if that is the right term) in that the subject pronoun has become obligatory in more contexts in QF than in EF. The quantifier issue is especially interesting. I can't see any French speaker saying (1) Quelques linguistes ils ont beaucoup parle' des pronoms en franc,ais. some l. they have much spoken about pronouns in French instead of, either, in written French (2) Quelques linguistes ont beaucoup parle'.... or, in spoken French (pretty much obligatorily instead of (2)) (3) Y a quelques linguistes qui ont beaucoup parle' ... while apparently (1) is just fine in QF. I know (thanks to the GARS team in Aix-en-Provence) of a few attested examples like the following (4) Un monsieur il a dit que... a man he has said that where the quantifier is the indefinite article. These examples all seem to be from children (sentences like (4) sound distinctly childlike to me), which is of course water on Julie's mill. Maybe in another hundred to five hundred years everyone will say (1) without blushing. Everyone seems to agree, at least since H. Paul, O. Jespersen, Vendrye`s, that French atonic subject pronouns have become more and more tightly connected with the verb over the centuries and are used more and more obligatorily in cooccurrence with a full lexical NP; there also seems to be general agreement that the sequence pro+V (where pro = atonic pronoun) is a constituent of type V (plus any bars or boxes you might want to add) rather than a sequence of type [NP + V]. (There is also the issue of whether we should continue speaking of "clitic" pronouns in French, rather than of atonic/bound pronouns or (subject) prefixes. I have always thought (and argued in writing) that the term clitic is a misnomer for "je, tu, il" etc. and I was pleased to hear Julie Auger and Rich Janda at the last LSA meeting arguing just that. I think (but have no proof) that the use of the term clitic for French bound pronouns got established because Dave Perlmutter, who was working on Slavic clitics, decided to apply the term to French in his seminal early book on deep and surface structure constraints (I forgot the the exact title). The term "clitic" was convenient at the time because it was theoretically compatible with the transformational view: a clitic is a word that sticks to another word but it doesn't really belong there because by its deeper nature it really is an independent constituent that fits a syntactic position in a tree structure. We now have a pretty good understanding of what clitics are (thanks to Zwicky and others) and it is easy to show that the French pronouns don't pass the tests. We now also have (fortunately) plenty of theories in which grammatical relations are not necessarily expressed configurationally. Let's get rid of the term "clitic" in the analysis of French!) As I see it, the real theoretical issue is not whether modern French subject pronouns should be called pronouns or prefixes and whether therefore (5) Les Romains ils+sont fous! the Romans they are crazy is an instance of left-dislocation or of the canonical NP VP sequence. To the extent that we are dealing with a squishy phenomenon I don't think we have gained much by opting for one term rather than another. There are lots of tests for distinguishing free from bound morphemes, and French atonic pronouns clearly are of the latter type. But to my knowledge noone has a solid enough formal definition of the category "pronoun" that would allow us to decide that in "ils+sont fous" ILS is no longer a pronoun. The really interesting question is, in my opinion, WHY linguists are so keen on drawing the line between French pronouns and prefixes and between canonical and dislocated sentence patterns and what they do once they have decided to put "je" etc. into either category. I have a strong suspicion that the main reason for discussing the issue, in generative grammar at least, is because of the fundamental assumption, which generative grammar has directly taken over from "traditional" grammar, which has it from Aristotle, who probably has it from people before him, that a real good sentence has the form "Socrates currit" (well, "Sokrates trechei" for Aristotle) "The farmer kills the duckling" or "The man hit the ball", with a full lexical subject NP and a predicate phrase after it (or before it, as the case may be). Ancient grammarians called this sentence type the "oratio perfecta", the type expressing a "complete thought". In the case of Aristotle and other philosophers and logicians this assumption does no harm to the extent that these people weren't interested in sentence structure but in sentence meaning and human thought. In the case of generative grammar, the assumption has had deep consequences and has influenced syntactic theory without anyone being clearly aware of it (or at least without stating it explicitly). The generative grammarian's desire has been to reduce as much as possible all sentences to the NP-VP type (with or without AUX or INFL or AGR or whatever), where the NP has the function of expressing the subject argument of the verb. Deviations from this type have typically been addressed in such terms as "clitic doubling" (you say the same thing twice) or "pro drop" (you drop an essential element from the surface, but deeper down it's really there). The reason for this, I think, is the preconceived idea of what a sentence is. In the case of a large number of modern syntacticians this idea is crucial, because grammatical relations are defined structurally and because the same grammatical relation is assumed to be instantiable only once for a given predicate. So, for example, to say that in "Les Romains ils sont fous" both "les Romains" and "ils" are subjects is a no-no for most of us, because... well because that's the way it has always been. We take our task to be that of figuring out which of the two is the real subject, so we can close the debate. But maybe we just aren't asking the right questions. I hope to have opened a can of worms with these remarks. I apologize for their length. Knud Lambrecht UT Austin -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-444. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-445. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 145 Subject: 5.445 Qs: Basque, Reflexives, Inflected complementizers, Halliday Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 10:40:43 +0200 (cedt) From: Steven Schaufele Subject: Q: descriptive grammars of Basque 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 17:19:00 JST From: Subject: On Emphatic Reflexives 3) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:57:43 -0400 (EDT) From: "Marianne R. Sozio" Subject: query on inflected complementizers 4) Date: 18 Apr 1994 16:47:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Ali Aghbar Subject: Q: Course Taught by M. A. K. Halliday -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 10:40:43 +0200 (cedt) From: Steven Schaufele Subject: Q: descriptive grammars of Basque Dear Colleagues, I'm passing on to the List a request from one of my students who has expressed an interest in studying Basque. He would like to know about any good descriptive grammars of the language. I have a few references i could give him, but i want to cast the net wider, partly because i myself know next to nothing about Basque and therefore don't know what would be a *good* (i.e. reliable) descriptive grammar of the language, and partly because i'm concerned about what he might be able to get his hands on here in Budapest (he's Hungarian; his English is good. Don't know whether he can handle Spanish). So any suggestions of good descriptive grammars of Basque would be appreciated. Send them to me and i will pass them on to him, and if there's interest i'll post a summary to the List. Sincerely, Steven -- Dr. Steven Schaufele fcosws@nytud.hu Room 119 Research Institute for Linguistics (Department of Theoretical Linguistics) Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Eotvos Lorand University) P. O. Box 19 1250 Budapest Hungary *** O syntagmata linguarum liberemini humanarum! *** *** Nihil vestris privari nisi obicibus potestis! *** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 17:19:00 JST From: =?ISO-2022-JP?B?GyRAOEUybCEhN0MycBsoSg==?= Subject: On Emphatic Reflexives I am researching on the use of emphatic reflexives in English. English has three types of them, illustrated as follows. (1) John himself did the job. (2) John did the job himself. (3) John has not himself done the job. And the type exemplified in (2) is known to have a peculiar semantic restricti onfor its antecedent: nonhuman (or inanimate?) NPs cannot antecede it. (4) *The car came here itself. I have found in LOB Corpus an example in which _rich nations_ is used as antecedent: (5) To remain secure and prosperous themselves, wealthy nations must extend the kind of co-operation to the less fortunate members that will inspire hope, confidence, and progress. (Brown Corpus, G35 0280-0300) I would like to know how far away native speakers of English feel they can go from humanness or animateness as to the use of this type of emaphatic reflexiv e:animals and other creatures, institutions like schools, companies, etc., and whatever one can imagine. I will also welcome any imformation about similar phenomena found in other languages and about references that deal with this problem in detail. Please e-mail me. I will post a summary if I can get interesting information. Thank you in advance. Keisuke Koga Fukuoka University, Japan e-mail: PXH01332@niftyserve.or.jp -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 1994 13:57:43 -0400 (EDT) From: "Marianne R. Sozio" Subject: query on inflected complementizers I'm doing a research paper on pro-drop in languages with inflected complementizers (such as West Flemish). I'm looking specificly at how these kind of V/2 languages recover the agreement features of dropped thematic and non-thematic (expletive) pro. I'm also looking at how pro is governed, as well as assigned case and theta roles in these instances. If anyone would be so kind as to inform me of any papers or research material written on the subject, I would be very gratefull. Please reply directly to me: mrsozio@mailbox.syr.edu I would be happy to post the results. Thank you, Marianne Sozio Syracuse University -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4) Date: 18 Apr 1994 16:47:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Ali Aghbar Subject: Q: Course Taught by M. A. K. Halliday I would like to take a course with M. A. K. Halliday. I remember reading, on one of the lists I belong to, about someone mentioning he had attended a special course taught by Halliday. Could anyone tell me how I may register for such a course or who I may contact to find out? Many thanks. Ali ============================================================================== Ali-Asghar Aghbar, Dept. of English, Indiana U. of PA, Indiana, PA 15705 Bitnet: aaghbar@iup Internet: aaghbar@grove.iup.edu Phone: 357 2262 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-445. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-446. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 140 Subject: 5.446 Calls: Contrastive semantics and pragmatics, NEALL 94 Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 10:06 BST From: KMJ@VMS.BRIGHTON.AC.UK Subject: conference announcement 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 17:11:40 EST From: DLAL000 Subject: NEALL 94 CALL FOR PAPERS -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 10:06 BST From: KMJ@VMS.BRIGHTON.AC.UK Subject: conference announcement *************************************************************************** FIRST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE IN CONTRASTIVE SEMANTICS AND PRAGMATICS University of Brighton, 6-9 April 1995 Call for Papers The conference aims at bringing together researchers in various areas and theories within semantics and pragmatics, with reference to any two languages. We hope to present a spectrum of achievements in semantics and pragmatics with both theoretical (including formal) and applied orientation. We believe that increasing specialization in the area calls for such a synthesis and recapitulation in the midst of the 1990s. Invited speakers include: G. Fauconnier, F. Kiefer, B. Lewandowska- Tomaszczyk, R. van der Sandt, P.A.M. Seuren, and others, to be announced at a later date. Participants' papers are invited. They should be 35 minutes long (maximum), followed by up to 15 minutes discussion. The title `Contrastive Semantics and Pragmatics' is understood broadly to accommodate all contributions to the field and authors should feel free to present work on any topic falling within the above area. The deadline for abstracts is 15 DECEMBER 1994. They should be not more than 300 words long, typed or word-processed and sent to the organizers of the conference, Katarzyna Jaszczolt or Kenneth Turner. The conference is being organised by: The Language Centre, University of Brighton, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9PH, United Kingdom Telephone (+44) 0273 600900 Facsimile 0273 690710 For further information please contact: Katarzyna Jaszczolt tel. 0273 642192 or 643459 Email: KMJ@uk.ac.bton.vms or Kenneth Turner tel.0273 643345 Email: KPT1@uk.ac.bton.vms **************************************************************************** -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 17:11:40 EST From: DLAL000 Subject: NEALL 94 CALL FOR PAPERS NEALL Conference 1994: The INTERNET Superhighway - How to get into the Fast Lane CALL FOR PAPERS NORTH EAST ASSOCIATION FOR LEARNING LABORATORIES (NEALL) The North East Association for Learning Laboratories (NEALL) is organizing its 1994 conference, to be held on Sept 31 - Oct 2 at Cornell University in Ithaca NY. The overall intent of the conference is to bring language lab directors and teachers together to share the latest information on accession to and the effective use of the INTERNET as it relates to its use in language teaching. The conference seeks to create more effective access ramps to the information Super Highway, increase awareness as to the numerous destinations, facilitate movement throughout the system and enhance information retrieval through such features as ARCHIE, VERONICA and JUGHEAD. The program is designed to offer something for everyone who has an interest in the use of the INTERNET and wishes to use this medium to enhance the pedagogy of foreign language teaching. It is not only for the experienced practitioner, but also for the INTERNET "wannabe's", who are grappling with the basic problems of how to secure the fiscal and equipment resources required for connection. Hopefully this conference will serve as a platform for the development of stronger ties among the various INTERNET user communities. Along this line, it is anticipated that one of the sessions will be a free flowing showcase meeting where everyone present will be called upon to share their particular successes in finding useful INTERNET destinations, routes and strategies. Therefore, we invite papers/demonstrations on the use of the INTERNET, not only as it relates to learning laboratories and the teaching of foreign languages, but also on the political aspects of the INTERNET, i.e. where and how to find fiscal and hardware support. However, in the interests of universality and flexibility, we also invite papers on ANY topic which involves the innovative use of computers/learning laboratories for foreign language teaching. Extended abstracts (up to ten pages) are due by June 1, 1994. Authors will be notified of acceptance by mid-August. Hard copy submissions should be sent to the address below. E-mail submissions are preferred. Dale V Lally Jr, President NEALL Carnegie Language Center St. Lawrence University Canton NY 13617 (315) 379 5857 Voice (315) 379 5989 Fax dlal@slumus.edu -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-446. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-447. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 119 Subject: 5.447 Calls: COGNITIVE SCIENCE of NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 21:37:56 BST From: alex@compapp.dcu.ie (Alex Monaghan) -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Mon, 18 Apr 94 21:37:56 BST From: alex@compapp.dcu.ie (Alex Monaghan) Slightly corrected version of ... Second Call for Papers for the Third International Conference on The COGNITIVE SCIENCE of NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING Dublin City University, 7-8 July 1994 Subject Areas: This is a non-exclusive list of subjects which fall within the scope of CSNLP. It is intended as a guide only. * Corpus-based NLP * Connectionist NLP * Statistical and knowledge-based MT * Linguistic knowledge representation * Cognitive linguistics * Declarative approaches to NLP * NLG and NLU * Dialogue and discourse * Human language processing * Text linguistics * Evaluation of NLP * Hybrid approaches to NLP Submissions may deal with theoretical issues, applications, databases or other aspects of CSNLP, but the importance of cognitive aspects should be borne in mind. Papers should report original substantive research. Theme: Corpus-Based Approaches Since the conference follows on the heels of the SIGIR'94 meeting, we have decided to emphasise the use of corpora in NLP. Papers dealing with corpus- based approaches (advantages, disadvantages, applications, etc.) will be preferred. Text and speech corpora are equally welcome. Invited Speakers: The following speakers have been invited to give keynote talks: Roger Garside, University of Lancaster Hans Kamp, Universitaet Stuttgart Cathy Sotillo, University of Edinburgh Not all are confirmed as yet. Registration and Accommodation: The registration fee will be IR#40, and will include proceedings, lunches and one evening meal. Accommodation can be reserved in the campus residences at DCU. Accommodation will be "First come, first served": there is a heavy demand for campus rooms in the summer. To register, contact Alex Monaghan at the addresses given below. Payment in advance is possible but not obligatory. This conference immediately follows SIGIR'94, a major Information Retrieval conference, also at DCU. There is a limited amount of funding available under the CEC Human Capital & Mobility program for SIGIR'94 participants who are under 35 and citizens of one of the 12 EC member states and this funding may be stretched to cover their attendance at CSNLP also. A full call for participation for SIGIR'94 in ASCII or Postscript form may be ontained by anonymous ftp from ftp.compapp.dcu.ie/pub/sigir/call-for-participation.ps (132k) or .txt (31k). Alternatively, the less-preferred method would be to send e-mail to sigir94@dcu.ie and we will send one by return. Details of the CEC funding may be obtained from asmeaton@compapp.dcu.ie (fax +353-1-7045442) and the deadline for applications for the CEC funding is May 13th. Submission of Abstracts: Those wishing to present a paper at CSNLP should submit a 400-word abstract to arrive not later than 13/5/94. Abstracts should give the author's full name and address, with Email address if possible, and should be sent to: CSNLP Alex Monaghan School of Computer Applications Dublin City University Dublin 9 Ireland Email submissions are also acceptable, plain ASCII text please to: alex@compapp.dcu.ie (internet) Completed papers should be around 8 pages long, although longer papers will be considered if requested. Camera-ready copy must be submitted to arrive in Dublin by 27/6/94. No particular conference style will be imposed, but papers should be legible (12pt laser printed) and well-structured. Deadlines: 13th May --- abstracts to arrive in Dublin 1st June --- notification of authors 27th June --- camera-ready copy to arrive in Dublin 1st July --- final date for registration, accommodation, meals etc. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-447. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-448. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 163 Subject: 5.448 Chinese software Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 13 Apr 94 16:02 GMT From: ECOLING@applelink.apple.com (Ecological Linguistics,Anderson,PRT) Subject: Chinese software corrections 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 11:22:56 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: corrections: chinese software for the mac From: Hao-yang Wang 3) Date: Fri, 15 Apr 94 13:34 GMT From: HILTONM@WESTMINSTER.AC.UK Subject: RE: 5.426 Sum: Chinese software for the mac -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 13 Apr 94 16:02 GMT From: ECOLING@applelink.apple.com (Ecological Linguistics,Anderson,PRT) Subject: Chinese software corrections CChinese software corrections: Apple's CHINESE LANGUAGE KIT is Apple's Worldscript for Chinese, they are the same thing. This is the only reasonable way to do Chinese now on Mac. Installation with system 7.1 is simple. Available also from Ecological Lingusitics, P.O. Box 15156, Washington, D.C., 20003, $199. MacChinese (by Linguist's Software) is not and has never been available from Ecological Linguistics. Strongly recommend NISUS (only the Complete Flags version!) as word processor compatible with all Apple Worldscript modules (and Chinese Language Kit). It has at least recently been available for $199 to any members of Macintosh users groups, or at $175 at eductional discounts. Not sure prices still valid. A full catalog of Ecological Linguistics offerings is available from the address given just above. Lloyd Anderson -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2) Date: Thu, 14 Apr 1994 11:22:56 +0100 From: wcli@vax.ox.ac.uk Subject: corrections: chinese software for the mac I think the following supplements to your summary would be helpful to the readers of the Linguist List. 1) Of the software you mentioned, Chinese Language Kit, ChineseTalk, and Qiyi are operating systems or system extensions. In order to do word processing, desktop publishing, etc, you need to run some _application_ _software_ on top of the system software, such as Nisus or TurboWriter. 2) Xia4 Li3 Ba1 Ren2 is an application, but it can run on the English system directly. It does not require the Chinese system. (But my memory may fail me on this. You'd probably better check with Dr. Hua Lin for this one.) 3) There are no Chinese versions of MacWrite. There is MacWrite II-J, the Japanese version of MacWrite II, from Claris. 4) NJ Star seems to be a Japanese word processor. Are you sure there is a Chinese verson also? 5) While the latest version of Qiyi supports TrueType fonts, you do not get free TrueType fonts as a part of the software package. Last time I heard Great Eastern has some bundling plan (that is, you buy Qiyi and some TrueType fonts togetherly from them and save some money), so people who want to buy Qiyi may like to check on this. 6) Zhong1wen2 Talk and ChineseTalk is the same thing in different names. ChineseTalk is the "official" name even in Taiwan. 7) ChineseTalk and Chinese Language Kit both comes from Apple, the major difference is that ChineseTalk is a fully localized system, which means that after you install ChineseTalk, the menu items and error messages in Finder will all be in Chinese. With CLK, everything still remains in your original language. 8) WorldScript (I or II) is the name of a piece of software, which is the central part of both ChineseTalk and CLK (and KanjiTalk and Japanese Language Kit and HangulTalk...). WorldScript is never a product by itself. Hao-yang Wang Pai Technology, Inc. Taipei -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3) Date: Fri, 15 Apr 94 13:34 GMT From: HILTONM@WESTMINSTER.AC.UK Subject: RE: 5.426 Sum: Chinese software for the mac In answer to the recent summary posting on Chinese software for the Mac, a few points which might be of further interest: 1 We have just installed the Chinese and Japanese language kits in our Mac lab - Centris 610s, currently with 4Mb RAM - andn this machine a Centris 660AV 12Mb RAM. Although Apple say you need 5Mb, we haven't *ye*t encountered any problems onthe 610s which have Nisus Complete Flag with the Arabic Extensions. There is a slight oddity if you put Japanese in a document and then use the PinYin entry system for simmplified Chinese - you have to ask for PinYin twice. I know people have been using the machines for Arabic since Chinese and Japanese were installed, but I have heard of no problems. We have ordered more RAM! 2 On this machine I have Word, WordPerfect and Nisus, and it works well with all of them so far. The only problems are Filmaker Pr in which the Font menu appears blank, though you can still choose fonts from it, and with MacKermit which I use as a terminal emulator, and havoc has been created with the screen - so god knows what this will come out like! Mark Hilton University of Westminster School of Languages hiltonm@uk.ac.westminster -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-448. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-449. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 70 Subject: 5.449 FYI: ETHICAL ISSUES IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 15:20 PDT From: Issues in Applied Linguistics Subject: Ethics in AL -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: Wed, 13 Apr 94 15:20 PDT From: Issues in Applied Linguistics Subject: Ethics in AL ANNOUNCEMENT: The following SPECIAL ISSUE of "ISSUES IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS" is now available: ETHICAL ISSUES IN APPLIED LINGUISTICS Guest Editors: Jeffrey Connor-Linton and Carolyn Temple Adger includes articles by Jeff Connor-Linton, Edward Finegan, Heidi Hamilton, Heather McCallum-Bayliss, Charles Stansfield, Walt Wolfram, and Braj B. Kachru To order, print out the order form below, fill in your address and send with your check to the following address: Issues in Applied Linguistics UCLA Department of TESL/Applied Linguistics 3300 Rolfe Hall 405 Hilgard Los Angeles, CA 90024 ORDER FORM: RATES: (please check one) ____Student $7.50 ____Faculty/Individual $12.50 ____Institution $17.50 For overseas orders please include appropriate fee for one of the following mailing methods: ____Surface $2.50 ____Airmail $7.00 Total Amount Enclosed: $_________ (Make checks payable to "Issues in Applied Linguistics" Name______________________________________ Address___________________________________ __________________________________________ Country___________________________________ E-Mail, FAX, or Telephone_________________ -------------------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-449. ________________________________________________________________ LINGUIST List: Vol-5-450. Tue 19 Apr 1994. ISSN: 1068-4875. Lines: 235 Subject: 5.450 Confs: Second Phonology Workshop - From Cognition to Romance Moderators: Anthony Rodrigues Aristar: Texas A&M U. Helen Dry: Eastern Michigan U. Asst. Editors: Ron Reck Brian Wallace -------------------------Directory------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Apr 94 15:39 From: P.A.Rowlett@mod-lang.salford.ac.uk Subject: Second Phonology Workshop - From Cognition to Romance -------------------------Messages-------------------------------------- 1) Date: 14 Apr 94 15:39 From: P.A.Rowlett@mod-lang.salford.ac.uk Subject: Second Phonology Workshop - From Cognition to Romance NORTH-WEST CENTRE FOR ROMANCE LINGUISTICS University of Manchester, Manchester Metropolitan University, Salford University, UMIST SECOND PHONOLOGY WORKSHOP >From Cognition to Romance University of Manchester, England 19 - 21 May 1994 In association with Le Centre de Linguistique Variationniste (Paris VIII) and The Holland Institute of Generative Linguistics (HIL) FINAL PROGRAMME Thursday 19 May 12.00-13.00 REGISTRATION 13.00-14.00 BUFFET 14.00-14.55 Plenary Session: Glottaling and glottalisation: phonological and sociolinguistic perspectives - James Milroy, Lesley Milroy and Gerry Docherty (University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne) 15.00-15.40 Session A: Sound Change: From Phonetics to Phonology - Jean-Luc Azra (Universit de Paris VIII) Session B: Using Dependency Phonology in the Analysis of Disordered Speech - Martin Ball (University of Ulster) 15.40-16.00 TEA 16.00-16.40 Session A: Historical Laboratory Phonology: Theoretical implications of /p/ -> /f/ -> /h/ changes - Paul Foulkes (University of Cambridge) Session B: Deriving Laryngeal Modifications - Helga Humbert (HIL, Amsterdam) 16.45-17.25 Session A: The Indo-European Properties of Spanish Word Stress - Paloma Garc!a Bellido (University of Oxford) Session B: From Jakobson to Halle: Linguistic Subjects, Theories and Data - Jacques Durand (University of Salford) 17.30-18.30 Plenary Session: Historical Phonology and Phonological Theory: An Overview - April McMahon (University of Cambridge) DINNER AT THE VICE-CHANCELLOR'S RESIDENCE Friday 20 May 09.00-09.55 Plenary Session: A Radical CV Theory of the Syllable - Harry van der Hulst (University of Leiden) 10.00-10.40 Session A: Phonetic Events and Phonological Expressions: A Representational View - No l Burton-Roberts and Philip Carr (University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne) Session B: Re-accenting Given Information in the Romance Languages - Alan Cruttenden (University of Manchester) 10.45-11.15 COFFEE 11.15-11.55 Session A: Vowel Harmony in Arabic - Janet Watson (University of Salford) Session B: Constraints Interaction in Accentuation and Prosodic Constituency - Elisabeth Delais (Centre National d'Etudes des T l communications, Lannion) 12.00-12.55 Plenary Session: Intonational Phonology: A comparison of Pierrehumbertian and British Models - Francis Nolan (University of Cambridge) 13.00-14.00 LUNCH 14.00-14.55 Plenary Session: Vers une analyse connectionniste de la syllabation - Bernard Laks (Universit de Paris VIII) 15.00-15.40 Session A: Phonologie et criture - Pierre Encrev (Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris) Session B: Moore Aperture Harmony - Charles Prescott (University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne) 15.40-16.00 TEA 16.00-16.40 Session A: A Perspective on Timing in Phonology and Phonetics - Richard Ogden (University of York) Session B: Alignment in Prefix Domains - Grazyna Rowicka (University of Leiden) 16.45-17.25 Session A: On the Nature of Class Nodes - M ire N! Ch!os in (University College Dublin) Session B: La syllabe comme interface entre production et r ception phonique - Marc Klein (Universit de Paris VIII) 17.30-18.30 Plenary Session: The Phonetic Interpretation of Tone in Deschang-Bamileke - Stephen Bird (University of Edinburgh) DINNER AT AN INDIAN RESTAURANT Saturday 21 May 09.00-09.40 Session A: Implications of l-vocalisation in British and Australian English - Laura Tollfree (University of Cambridge) Session B: Turkish Vowel Harmony and Optimality Theory - Kris~tina Polg rdi (University of Leiden) 09.45-10.25 Session A: Directionality and Minimality in Arawan Languages - Daniel Everett (University of Pittsburgh) Session B: Phonological Surface Structure and the Phonetics-Phonology Interface - Jim Scobbie (Queen Margaret College, Edinburgh) 10.30-11.00 COFFEE 11.00-11.40 Session A: Patterns of Secondary Articulation in Segmental Inventories - Jeroen van de Weijer and Frans Hinskens (University of Leiden) Session B: Codas, Constraints and Coda Constraints - John Harris (University College London) 11.45-12.45 Plenary Session: Phonological Representation and Phonetic Interpretation: Exemplification from Kalenjin - John Local (University of York) and Ken Lodge (University of East Anglia) BUFFET LUNCH For further information please contact the organisers: Prof Jacques Durand, Dept of Modern Languages, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT (Tel: 061-745 5193); Prof Nigel Vincent, Dept of Linguistics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL (Tel: 061-275 3194). E-mail: j.durand@mod-lang.salford.ac.uk ============================================================== NORTH-WEST CENTRE FOR ROMANCE LINGUISTICS University of Manchester, Manchester Metropolitan University, Salford University, UMIST Second Phonology Workshop Registration Form VENUE: Hulme Hall Lecture Suite, University of Manchester DATE: 19 - 21 May 1994 Please complete the tear-off slip below and return to: Professor Jacques Durand Department of Modern Languages University of Salford Salford M5 4WT England =============================================== FULL REGISTRATION FEE: 60 (The above figure is inclusive of: Registration Fee; Lunches: Thursday, Friday, Saturday; Dinner at the Vice-Chancellor's Residence: Thursday; coffees/teas during sessions). NAME: .................................................... INSTITUTION: ............................................... ADDRESS: ..................................................... .................................................... ..................................................... ..................................................... TEL NO: .................................................... Cheques are to be made payable to THE UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER. For those of you attending from overseas, could you please pay by Sterling Draft drawn on a London bank. If this is not possible you may pay either by cash or Travellers' Cheques on the day. Registration Forms should be returned by 2 May 1994 at the latest. ------------------------------------------------------------- LINGUIST List: Vol-5-450. There is no active message.