Key References

Feeding mechanisms of advanced teleosts and some major ecological and evolutionary implications.

Alexander, R. McN. 1966. The function and mechanisms of protrusible upper jaws of two species of cyprinid fish. J. Zool., Lond., 149:288-296.

Alexander, R. McN. 1967a. The functions and mechanisms of the protrusible upper jaws of some acanthopterygian fishes. J. Zool., 151:43-64.

Alexander, R. McN. 1967b. Functional design in fishes. London, Hutchinson and Co., 160 pp.

Alexander, R. McN. 1969. Mechanics of the feeling action of a cyprinid fish. J. Zool. (Lond.), 159:1-15.

Ballintijn, C. M. 1969. On the respiratory pumping mechanism in the carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). J. exp. Biol., 50:547-568.

Ballintijn, C. M. and G. M. Hughes. 1965. The muscular basis of the respiratory pumps in the trout. J. exp. Biol., 43:349-362.

Ballintijn, C. M., A. van den Burg, and B. P. Egberink. 1972. An electromyographic study of adductor mandibulae complex of a free-swimming carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) during feeding. J. exp. Biol., 57:261-283.

Barel, C. D. N., H. Berkhoudt, and G. Ch. Anker. 1975. Functional aspects of four bar systems as models for mouth-opening mechanism in teleost fishes. Acta. Morph. Neerl.--Scand., 1975:228-229.

Dullemeijer, P. and C. D. N. Barel. 1977. Functional morphology and evolution. Pp. 83-117. In: Major Patterns in Vertebrate Evolution. Hecht, M. K., P. C. Goody, and B. M. Hecht, eds. Plenum Press, New York.

Eastman, J. T. 1971. The pharyngeal bone musculature of the carp, Cyprinus carpio. J. Morph., 134(2):131-140, 7 figs.

Elshoud-Oldenhave, M J. W. and J. W. M. Osse. 1976. Functional morphology of the feeding system in the ruff--Gymnocephalus cernua (L. 1758)--Teleostei, Percidae). J. Morph., 150:399-422.

Elshoud-Oldenhave, M. J. W. 1979. Prey capture in the pike-perch, Stizostedion lucioperca (Teleostei, Percidae): A structural and functional analysis. Zoomorphologie, 93:1-32.

Field, J. G. 1966. Contributions to the functional morphology of fishes. Pt. II. The feeding mechanism of the angler fish, Lephius piscatorius Linn. Zoologica Africana, 2(1):45-67, 9 figs.

Gregory, W. K. 1933. Fish skulls. Trans. Am. Phil. Soc., 23:75-481.

Hixon, M. A. 1980. Competitive interactions between California reef fishes of the genus Embiotoca. Ecology, 61(4):918-931.

Lauder, G. V. 1980a. Hydrodynamics of prey capture in teleost fishes. Pp. 161-181. In: Biofluid Mechanics, Vol. II. Plenum Press, N.Y.

Lauder, G. V. 1980b. The suction feeding mechanism in sunfishes (Lepomis): An experimental analysis. J. exp. Biol., 88:49-72.

Lauder, G. V. 1981. Intraspecific functional repertoire in the feeding mechanism of the characoid fishes Lebiasina, Hoplias, and Chalceus. Copeia, 1981(1):154-168.

Lauder, G. V. 1986. Aquatic prey capture in fishes: experimental and theoretical approaches. J. Exp. Biol., 125:411-416.

Lauder, G. V. and L. E. Lanyon. 1980. Functional anatomy of feeding in the bluegill sunfish, Lepomis macrochirus: In vivo measurement of bone strain. J. exp. Biol., 80:33-55.

Lauder, G. V. and K. F. Liem. 1981. Prey capture by Luciocephalus pulcher: Implications for models of jaw protrusion in teleost fishes. Env. Biol. Fish., 6:257-268.

Lauder, G. V. and B. D. Clark. 1984. Water flow patterns during prey capture by teleost fishes. J. Exp. Biol., 113:143-150.

Liem, K. F. 1973. Evolutionary strategies and morphological innovations: Cichlid pharyngeal jaws. Syst. Zool., 22:425-441.

Liem, K. F. 1978. Modulatory multiplicity in cichlid fishes. I. Piscivores. J. Morph., 158:323-360.

Liem, K. F. 1979. Modulatory multiplicity in the feeding mechanism in cichlid fishes, as exemplified by the invertebrate pickers of Lake Tanganyika. J. Zool., Lond., 189:93-125.

Liem, K. F. 1980. Adaptive significance of intra- and interspecific differences in the feeding repertoires of cichlid fishes. Amer. Zool., 20:295-314.

Liem, K. F. 1986. The pharyngeal jaw apparatus of the Embiotocidae (Teleostei): a functional and evolutionary perspective. Copeia 1986(2):311-323.

Natthes, H. 1963. A comparative study of the feeding mechanism of some African Cyprinidae. Bijdragen tot de Bierkunde, 33:1-36, 12 pls.

Nyberg, D. 1971. Prey capture in the largemouth bass. Am. Midl. Nat., 86:128-144.

O'Brien, W. J. 1979. The predator-prey interaction of planktivorous fish and zooplankton. Amer. Sci., 67:572-581.

Osse, J. W. M. 1969. Functional morphology of the head of the perch, Perca fluviatilis: An electromyographic study. Neth. J. Zool., 19:289-392.

Sanderson, S. L., J. J. Cech, and M. R. Patterson. 1991. Fluid dynamics in suspension- feeding blackfish. Science, 254:1346-1348.

Schaeffer, B. and D. E. Rosen. 1961. Major adaptive levels in the evolution of the actinopterygian feeding mechanism. Amer. Zool., 1:187-204.

Wainwright, P. C. 1988. Morphology and ecology: functional basis of feeding constraints in Caribbean labrid fishes. Ecology, 69:635-645.

Wainwright, P. C. 1991. Morphology and ecology: functional basis of feeding constraints in Caribbean labrid fishes. Ecology, 69:635-645.

Wainwright, P. C. 1991. Trophic polymorphism in the pumpkinseed sunfish (Lepomis gibbosus Linneaus): effects of environment on ontogeny. Functional Ecology, 5(1):40-55.

Wainwright, P.C. and G.V. Lauder. 1992. The evolution of feeding biology in sunfishes (Centrarchidae). In: Systematics, Historical Ecology, and North American Freshwater Fishes (R.L. Mayden, ed.). Stanford University Press, pp. 472-4491.

Winterbottom, R. 1974. A descriptive synonymy of the striated muscles of the teleostei. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phila., 125:225-317.