Technical Reports - Pedestrian Visibility

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The Conspicuity of First-Responder Safety Garments (Tuttle, Sayer, and Buonarosa), Report No. UMTRI-2008-4, April 2008.

Seasonal Variations in Conspicuity of High-Visibility Garments (Buonarosa and Sayer), Report No. UMTRI-2007-42, November 2007.

Moon Phases and Nighttime Road Crashes Involving Pedestrians (Sivak, Schoettle, and Tsimhoni), Report No. UMTRI-2007-41, September 2007.

Characteristics of Nighttime Pedestrian Crashes: Implications for Headlighting (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2007-3, May 2007.

Improving Pedestrian Detection with a Simple Display for Night Vision Systems (Tsimhoni, Flannagan, Mefford, and Takenobu), Report No. UMTRI-2007-2, March 2007.

Effects of Automotive Interior Lighting on Driver Vision (Devonshire and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2007-1, March 2007.

Conspicuity of High-Visibility Safety Apparel During Civil Twilight (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2006-13, June 2006.

Implications of Fatal and Nonfatal Crashes for Adaptive Headlighting (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2006-1, April 2006.

Pedestrian Detection with Night Vision Systems Enhanced by Automatic Warnings (Tsimhoni, Flannagan, and Minoda), Report No. UMTRI-2005-23, September 2005.

The Roles of Garment Design and Scene Complexity in the Daytime Conspicuity of High-Visibility Safety Apparel (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2005-5, February 2005.

Pedestrian Detection with Near and Far Infrared Night Vision Enhancement (Tsimhoni, Bärgman, Minoda, and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2004-38, December 2004.

The Roles of Retroreflective Arm Treatments and Arm Motion in Nighttime Pedestrian Conspicuity (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2004-21, October 2004.

High-Visibility Safety Apparel and the Nighttime Conspicuity of Pedestrians in Work Zones (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2003-29, September 2003.

A Worldwide Perspective on Future Automobile Lighting (Rumar), Report No. UMTRI-2001-35, November 2001.

Characteristics of Pedestrian Risk in Darkness (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2001-33, November 2001.

Factors Affecting Color Correction of Retroreflective Markings (Sayer, Mefford, and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2001-27, September 2001.

The Effect of Color Contrast on Daytime and Nighttime Conspicuity of Roadworker Vests (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2000-35, September 2000.

Assessing the Potential Benefit of Adaptive Headlighting Using Crash Databases (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-99-21, September 1999.

Effects of Color on the Detection of Retroreflective Pedestrian Markings by Normal and Color Deficient Drivers (Sayer, Mefford, Flannagan, and Sivak), Report No. UMTRI-99-6, May 1999.

Effects of Retroreflective Marking Color on Pedestrian Detection Distance (Sayer, Mefford, Flannagan, Sivak, Traube, and Kojima), Report No. UMTRI-98-8, March 1998.

Brightness of Colored Retroreflective Materials (Schumann, Sivak, Flannagan, Traube, Hashimoto, and Kojima), Report No. UMTRI-96-33, November 1996.

Effects of Foreground illumination, Wet Pavement, and Driver Age on Pedestrian Detection Distance (Flannagan, Sivak, Traube, and Aoki), Report No. UMTRI-95-23, November 1995.

Drivers' Vision, Age, and Gender as Factors in Twilight Road Fatalities (Owens and Brooks), Report No. UMTRI-95-44, November 1995.

Effects of Retroreflector Positioning on Nighttime Recognition of Pedestrians (Luoma, Schumann, and Traube), Report No. UMTRI-95-18, June 1995.

The Role of Reduced Visibility in Nighttime Road Fatalities (Owens and Sivak), Report No. UMTRI-93-33, November 1993.

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Page updated: Wednesday, June 4, 2008


The Conspicuity of First-Responder Safety Garments (Tuttle, Sayer, and Buonarosa), Report No. UMTRI-2008-4, April 2008.
Seasonal Variations in Conspicuity of High-Visibility Garments (Buonarosa and Sayer), Report No. UMTRI-2007-42, November 2007.
Moon Phases and Nighttime Road Crashes Involving Pedestrians (Sivak, Schoettle, and Tsimhoni), Report No. UMTRI-2007-41, September 2007.
Characteristics of Nighttime Pedestrian Crashes: Implications for Headlighting (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2007-3, May 2007.
Improving Pedestrian Detection with a Simple Display for Night Vision Systems (Tsimhoni, Flannagan, Mefford, and Takenobu), Report No. UMTRI-2007-2, March 2007.
Effects of Automotive Interior Lighting on Driver Vision (Devonshire and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2007-1, March 2007.
Conspicuity of High-Visibility Safety Apparel During Civil Twilight (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2006-13, June 2006.
Implications of Fatal and Nonfatal Crashes for Adaptive Headlighting (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2006-1, April 2006.
Pedestrian Detection with Night Vision Systems Enhanced by Automatic Warnings (Tsimhoni, Flannagan, and Minoda), Report No. UMTRI-2005-23, September 2005.
The Roles of Garment Design and Scene Complexity in the Daytime Conspicuity of High-Visibility Safety Apparel (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2005-5, February 2005.
Pedestrian Detection with Near and Far Infrared Night Vision Enhancement (Tsimhoni, Bärgman, Minoda, and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2004-38, December 2004.
The Roles of Retroreflective Arm Treatments and Arm Motion in Nighttime Pedestrian Conspicuity (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2004-21, October 2004.
High-Visibility Safety Apparel and the Nighttime Conspicuity of Pedestrians in Work Zones (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2003-29, September 2003.
A Worldwide Perspective on Future Automobile Lighting (Rumar), Report No. UMTRI-2001-35, November 2001.
Characteristics of Pedestrian Risk in Darkness (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2001-33, November 2001.
Factors Affecting Color Correction of Retroreflective Markings (Sayer, Mefford, and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-2001-27, September 2001.
The Effect of Color Contrast on Daytime and Nighttime Conspicuity of Roadworker Vests (Sayer and Mefford), Report No. UMTRI-2000-35, September 2000.
Assessing the Potential Benefit of Adaptive Headlighting Using Crash Databases (Sullivan and Flannagan), Report No. UMTRI-99-21, September 1999.
Effects of Color on the Detection of Retroreflective Pedestrian Markings by Normal and Color Deficient Drivers (Sayer, Mefford, Flannagan, and Sivak), Report No. UMTRI-99-6, May 1999.
Effects of Retroreflective Marking Color on Pedestrian Detection Distance (Sayer, Mefford, Flannagan, Sivak, Traube, and Kojima), Report No. UMTRI-98-8, March 1998.
Brightness of Colored Retroreflective Materials (Schumann, Sivak, Flannagan, Traube, Hashimoto, and Kojima), Report No. UMTRI-96-33, November 1996. Effects of Foreground illumination, Wet Pavement, and Driver Age on Pedestrian Detection Distance (Flannagan, Sivak, Traube, and Aoki), Report No. UMTRI-95-23, November 1995. Drivers' Vision, Age, and Gender as Factors in Twilight Road Fatalities (Owens and Brooks), Report No. UMTRI-95-44, November 1995. Effects of Retroreflector Positioning on Nighttime Recognition of Pedestrians (Luoma, Schumann, and Traube), Report No. UMTRI-95-18, June 1995. The Role of Reduced Visibility in Nighttime Road Fatalities (Owens and Sivak), Report No. UMTRI-93-33, November 1993.