Page Index from Using Computers in Linguistics

A

  • A World of Words, xv, 77, 99
  • Aberdeen, John, xi, xvi, 231
  • Abney, Steven, 232, 270, 271, 273
  • acoustic phonetics, 72, 87
  • acquisition: of human language, 7, 198, 200, 232, 254
  • acronym, 35, 46, 147, 148, 258
  • Adam, 270
  • address, 8, 9, 14, 24, 25, 28-30, 32, 37-39, 41, 43, 47, 51, 52, 55-57, 60, 73, 114, 115, 147, 157, 158, 170, 174, 199, 200, 244, 250, 260; email, 32, 37-39, 60; IP, 29, 260; World Wide Web, 38
  • Aerospace Maintenance Language, 270
  • agent technology, 215, 228, 230
  • Air Travel Information System (ATIS), xi, 235, 236, 238, 240, 241, 256, 259
  • algorithm, 199, 208, 243, 246, 248, 250-252; parsing, 199, 248, 250
  • aliases, macros, and scripts, 6, 32, 57, 106, 133, 154-158, 160, 161, 165, 174, 179, 180, 192, 256, 266
  • alignment: text, 114, 191, 192, 226
  • alphabet, 11, 13, 14, 33, 70, 78, 100, 116, 119, 120, 121, 124, 127, 132, 140, 142, 145, 147, 148, 154, 173, 174, 176, 183, 193, 202, 258, 259, 262, 267, 270; Roman, 12, 120, 183
  • alphabetic order, 140, 267; reverse, 40, 65, 81, 124, 132, 140, 142, 154, 191, 193, 232, 267, 268; rev command, 141, 142, 149, 165
  • ambiguity, 13, 89, 199, 200, 204, 206, 208, 222, 230, 233, 234, 244, 250, 252, 254, 273; resolving, 201
  • American Research on the Treasury of the French Language (ARTFL), 104
  • American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), 11, 17, 18, 25, 33-36, 40, 104, 106, 145, 147-149, 153, 160-162, 191, 256-260, 263-265; high, 257; low, 256, 257, 267
  • Amerl, V., 276
  • AMPLE, 186, 187, 192
  • Anaphora, 46, 224, 276
  • anchor tags, 55, 56, 263
  • Anderson, J.A., 278
  • Anick, Peter, 226, 277
  • annotation: of texts, 4-6, 9, 177, 191, 192, 234, 236, 239, 241, 245, 246, 248-250, 252, 259, 262, 263, 266, 268, 269
  • Ansel, Bettina, 64, 66, 270
  • Answer, 81, 82
  • Antonio, C., 109
  • Antworth, Evan, x, xiii, 6, 8, 10, 92, 170, 188, 270
  • appendices, 4, 9, 85, 165, 177
  • Apple, 14, 15, 139, 270, 272
  • Arabic, xiii, 12-14, 34, 64, 65, 147, 148, 208, 256
  • Arbourite, xv, 75, 80, 85
  • arc labels, 222
  • archie, viii, 42-45, 47, 54, 256
  • archives, xiv, 5, 27, 42, 79, 99, 100, 102, 103, 134, 136, 137, 153, 160
  • ARCLING, 38
  • argument: of a command, 41, 151, 152, 157, 165, 171, 224, 249, 251, 256, 257, 268
  • Aristar, Anthony, iii, iv, vii, xiii, 1, 5, 8, 26
  • Armstrong, Susan, 276
  • ARPA (see DARPA)
  • artificial intelligence, 197, 260, 264
  • Asher, Nicholas, 223, 270
  • AskSam, 16, 178-190
  • Aslin, Richard N., 254, 278
  • attachment: mail, 35, 36, 172, 251; PP, 251, 252
  • Attardo, Donalee, 90
  • attribute, 18, 19, 21, 24, 25, 112, 114, 206, 209, 212, 213, 220, 240, 257
  • Austin, Jeremy, xiii, 272, 277
  • Author/Editor, 114

    • >B

  • back matter, 18
  • Backer, Joseph, 13, 270
  • Bailey, Richard, 277
  • Bakker, Dik, 76, 270
  • Bantz, David, 64, 270
  • Barlow, Michael, 88, 135, 136
  • Barwise, Jon, 97, 203, 204, 270
  • batch formatting, 176, 177
  • batch processing, 193, 257, 265
  • Bates, Madeleine, 273
  • Bauer, Christian, 90
  • Bayer, Samuel, xi, xvi, 5, 7-9, 188, 231
  • Beach, Richard, 23, 274
  • Beckwith, Richard, 220, 270, 276
  • Berger, Adam, 251, 270
  • Bergler, Sabine, 226, 277
  • Berry, Michael, 225, 271
  • beta-testing, 83
  • Bevan, David, 185, 271
  • Biber, Douglas, 134
  • bibliography, xvi, 38, 66, 96, 102, 104, 108, 114, 134, 136, 178, 272
  • binary, 145, 147, 148
  • binary code, 261
  • binary transfer, 28, 40, 145, 147, 250, 251, 257, 258, 261
  • binhex, 34, 35, 40, 257
  • Binns, Betty, 271
  • Bird, Stephen, 208, 271
  • Birner, Betty, 233, 271
  • bit, 2, 14, 21, 28, 62, 65, 145, 148, 149, 160, 174, 258
  • bitmap, 261
  • black box evaluation, 239
  • Black, Ezra, 246, 271, 273
  • Bloomfield, Leonard, 62, 170, 233, 271
  • body: of a text, 18, 112
  • bold type, 4, 22, 23, 55, 106, 107, 183, 262
  • Booch, Grady, 24, 271
  • bookmark, 269
  • Boolean expressions, 179
  • Borgida, Alexander, 24, 271
  • Bos, Edwin, 224, 274
  • bracket, 17, 22, 23, 55, 110, 153, 154, 246-249, 251
  • bracketing, 75, 154, 245-249, 251, 252, 266
  • Bradley, John, 134
  • Bremer, John, 227, 280
  • Brend, Ruth, 278
  • Bresnan, Joan, 232, 271
  • Brill, Eric, 226, 271
  • Bringhurst, Robert, 271
  • British English, 88, 103, 135, 136
  • British National Corpus (BNC), 103, 114, 135
  • Brooks, Frederick, 3, 164, 271
  • Brown Corpus, 103, 108, 111, 116, 117, 119, 127, 266
  • browser, 26, 33, 42, 47-57, 59, 60, 114, 153, 161, 162, 258, 262, 263, 270; graphical, 43, 52, 54, 266; text, 52; Unicode, 54
  • browsers, viii, 52, 53, 59
  • Brugman, Claudia, 222, 271
  • Burger, John, xi, xvi, 231
  • Burnard, Lou, 19, 135, 271, 279
  • Burns, Hugh, 64, 271
  • Butler, Christopher, 69, 271
  • Buus, Bryan, 58, 276
  • byte, 14, 28, 119, 140, 145, 147, 149, 151, 160, 258, 268

    • C

  • CAPTEX, 73, 89
  • case: of letters, 55, 108, 109, 119, 145, 147, 148, 153, 162, 245, 256
  • cat(enate) command, 104, 157, 158, 217, 256
  • cd (change directory) command, 151, 152, 259
  • CD-ROM, 72, 73, 76, 104, 147, 276
  • CECIL, 183
  • Center for Electronic Texts in the Humanitites (CETH), xiv
  • cepstral analysis, 96, 98
  • CETEDOC, 104
  • character, 10-14, 17, 19, 20, 23, 33-36, 40, 45, 52, 54, 59, 60, 89, 105, 106, 108, 112, 119-121, 124, 132, 142, 147-149, 151, 153, 159, 162, 163, 173, 174, 176, 180, 183, 193, 194, 202, 207-209, 221, 224, 243, 256-265, 267-270; alphanumeric, 140, 153, 154, 162, 173, 176, 256, 259, 267; ampersand, 108, 159; angle bracket, 17, 55; apostrophe, 119, 121, 147; asterisk, 263; backquote, 147, 152, 156, 257; backslash, 153, 159, 163; backspace, 148, 149; base, 12, 13, 258, 260; caret, 147, 149, 259; carriage return, 141, 151, 259; colon, 51, 153, 163, 243; composite, 12, 13, 258; context-sensitive form of, 13, 14; control, 147, 149, 259; diacritic, 12, 13, 89, 106, 121, 124, 145, 147, 183, 258, 260; acute, 12, 121, 147; circumflex, 12, 121, 147; cedilla, 121, 147; encoding, 11-14, 18, 19, 33-35, 59, 60, 102, 106-108, 111, 112, 114, 115, 147, 256, 258, 260, 261, 269; escape, 41, 260, 261; escaped, 159, 160, 261; inventory, 12, 14; line feed, 147, 149, 263; newline, 140, 149, 263; non-A 33, 34, 40; non-Latin, 33; nonstandard, 106, 121; overstrike, 12, 258, 260; padding, 121, 124, 265; phonetic, 183; punctuation, 11, 121, 124, 129, 132, 145, 147, 163, 183, 208, 242, 243, 249, 256, 258, 277; quotation mark, 147, 151, 152, 243, 244; set, 11, 12, 36, 106, 121, 256, 258, 261, 267, 269; slash, 17, 51, 55, 152, 153, 158-160; space, 117, 163, 176, 207, 223, 224, 243; special, 11, 132, 263, 264, 267; tilde, 147, 158-160, 259; wild card, 124, 132, 179, 193, 270
  • character encoding, 12, 13, 258
  • characters, accented, 121
  • Charniak, Eugene, 226, 271
  • checker, 176, 227, 229; spelling, 140; style or grammar, 7, 197-199, 212, 227, 229, 274
  • Chinchor, Nancy, 207, 271
  • chmod command, 160
  • Chomsky, Noam, 150, 231, 271
  • Church, Kenneth, 226, 272
  • ClariNet, 47
  • client (see also server), viii, 31, 33, 39, 42-45, 47, 48, 50, 258, 264, 267
  • Coad, Peter, 24, 272
  • COCOA, 108, 109, 111, 134, 258
  • code, 11-14, 23, 34, 177, 260, 262; character, 11; formatting, 176, 206; HTML, 162; part-of-speech, 21; programming, 11, 13, 21, 33, 34, 81, 144, 149, 153, 156, 198, 258, 261, 268
  • coding, 73, 96, 98, 145, 147, 148, 178, 184
  • Cole, P., 272, 273
  • collating sequence, 13, 119, 258
  • Collins, Michael, 246, 248-251, 272
  • collocation, 135, 194
  • command, 7, 30, 37, 38, 40-43, 45, 46, 55, 104, 141, 142, 148, 150-161, 165, 179, 180, 193, 197, 256,-261, 263, 264, 267, 268, 270
  • command line, 42, 141, 151, 156, 161, 165, 258, 263, 267, 268
  • COMPASS, 196
  • compiler, 102, 183
  • computer-aided instuction (CAI), 64, 65, 73, 85
  • Computing Environment for Linguistic, Literary, and Anthropological Research (CELLAR), xv, 4, 24, 25, 177, 182, 279
  • Comrie, Bernard, 6, 38, 272, 290
  • Conc, 80, 89, 90, 191, 194
  • concept hierarchy, 220, 222, 223
  • concordance, ix, xiv, 89, 103, 108, 116, 124, 126, 127, 129, 130, 132, 135, 137, 174, 175, 191, 193, 194, 259, 261, 265; keyword in context (KWIC), 89, 193, 194
  • connection: ethernet, 43, 54, 57; Internet, 28, 37, 45, 51, 53, 54, 57, 174, 260; IP, 54; modem, 266; TCP/IP, 41
  • conversion, 13, 25, 36, 75, 77, 105, 106, 115, 192, 193, 257, 264, 265, 267
  • Coombs, James, 23, 177, 272
  • copyright, ix, 84, 105
  • corpora, xiv, 5, 8, 38, 40, 62, 72, 76, 91, 102-104, 107, 108, 114, 116, 134-137, 170, 173, 175, 177, 178, 188, 189, 191, 225, 226, 231-234, 236, 239, 240, 243, 244, 246-250, 253-256, 259, 264-266, 268, 269, 272, 273, 275-277; bilingual, 226; parallel, 265
  • Cover, Robin, 17, 137, 272
  • Craig, Collette, 272, 279
  • crossing bracket violation, 247-249, 251
  • cross-reference, 22, 190
  • Culy, Christopher, 91, 232, 272
  • customization, 5, 9, 11, 95, 155, 165, 183, 258, 260
  • cut-and-paste, 176
  • Cutting, Doug, 272

    • D

  • daemon, 30, 31, 259
  • Dahl, Deborah, 273
  • data, 4, 13, 23, 24; collecting, 5, 173, 236, 240, 256; collections, 5; discontinuity, xi, 231, 232, 243, 244, 251, 253; entry, 181; linguistic, vii, xi, 1, 2, 4-6, 8, 10, 11, 13-25, 28-32, 35, 44, 51-53, 62, 63, 64, 67-69, 72, 73, 76-79, 84, 87, 90, 92, 94, 96, 97, 103, 105, 107, 114, 116, 119, 133, 136, 140, 145, 150, 164, 170, 172-179, 181, 182, 185, 190, 193, 194, 196, 201, 231-236, 239-244, 248, 252, 254-262, 264, 265, 267, 268; management, 177, 178, 182, 190; processing, vii, xi, 1, 2, 4-6, 8, 10, 11, 13-25, 28-32, 35, 44, 51-53, 62-64, 67-69, 72, 73, 76-79, 84, 87, 90, 92, 94, 96, 97, 103, 105, 107, 114, 116, 119, 133, 136, 140, 145, 150, 164, 170, 172-179, 181, 182, 185, 190, 193, 194, 196, 201, 231-236, 239-244, 248, 252, 254-262, 264, 265, 267, 268; retrieval, 179; types, 174, 240
  • data processing: language-dependent, 13, 14
  • database, 7, 15, 16, 19-25, 31, 37, 41, 45-47, 60, 72, 73, 90-92, 101, 102, 105, 106, 133, 137, 172-176, 178-182, 186, 190, 193, 195, 197-199, 206, 220, 222, 230, 236-239, 241, 254, 257, 261-266; inconsistencies in, 22, 69; lexical, 22, 25, 90, 173, 178, 182, 191, 223; normalization, 21, 22, 264, 279; relational, 15, 16, 21, 22
  • Davis, Daniel, 20, 272
  • Davis, Mark, 14, 272
  • debugging, 242
  • decision tree, 248
  • Defense Advanced Research Project Administration (DARPA), 103, 235, 237, 256, 259, 264, 271, 277, 278; ARPAnet, 26, 28
  • delimiter, 159, 214
  • Dennett, Daniel, 274, 279
  • DeRose, Stephen J., 23, 177, 272
  • desktop, 35, 115, 172, 262
  • dictionary: bilingual, 11, 18, 190, 226; electronic, 16, 17, 22, 23, 38, 80, 102, 103, 106, 114, 121, 190, 252, 263; entry in, 16, 17, 22, 23
  • Dik, Simon, 95, 270, 272
  • dir(ectory) command, 39, 42, 153, 156
  • directory, 31, 37, 39, 42-44, 51, 54, 56, 57, 148, 151, 152, 153, 154, 156, 157, 256, 259, 261, 266, 268; subdirectory, 51, 56, 57, 152, 266, 268
  • discourse, xiii, xvi, 92, 172, 185, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 206, 209, 212, 214, 219, 221, 223, 224, 225, 233, 236, 251, 270, 273, 274, 277, 278, 279
  • disk, 31, 40, 45, 70, 72, 73, 84, 92, 107, 147, 156, 160, 193, 266
  • diskspace, 48
  • distributed network, 47
  • distributional analysis, 183, 185, 233
  • document, 7, 10, 11, 14, 17-19, 23, 34, 46, 51, 55, 56, 81, 103, 106, 114, 136, 176, 177, 197, 225, 234, 239-243, 245, 253, 254, 260, 262, 266-268; hypertext, 51, 52, 54, 262, 263, 267
  • domain name server (DNS), 29, 260, 263
  • dotted octet notation, 28, 29
  • Dougherty, Dale, 272
  • Dresher, B., 69, 73, 99, 272
  • Dry, Helen Aristar, iii-v, vii, xiii, 1, 5, 8, 26
  • Dumais, Susan T., 225, 271

    • E

  • editor, v, xiii, xiv, 3, 15, 18, 19, 22, 27, 32, 60, 102, 111, 133, 134, 157, 160, 161, 163, 165, 178, 185, 191, 260; character shape, 11; character-based, 163; document, 18; line, 157, 161, 260; ex, 51, 157-161, 163, 180, 260; screen, 161, 260; emacs, 160, 161, 163, 165, 260, 279; gnu, 279; pico, 161, 260; vi, 161, 165, 260; stream; sed, 143, 163-165, 261, 272
  • e-mail, viii, 5, 26, 27, 30-39, 41, 42, 50, 51, 54, 58, 60, 89, 92, 99, 135, 138, 140, 161, 170, 245, 256, 264, 267, 276, 279; mailers, 30, 32-36, 50, 264
  • English, xiii, xv, 7, 11, 12, 14, 33, 35, 65, 69, 72, 76, 80-82, 85, 88, 89, 94, 95, 97, 103-105, 107, 111, 120, 121, 124, 135-138, 140, 145, 147, 148, 152-154, 171, 172, 176, 186, 197, 207, 208, 219, 220, 226, 227, 230, 234, 242-245, 250, 251, 256, 265, 271-276, 279
  • Ephratt, Michal, 272
  • ethernet, 27, 43, 54, 57
  • Ethnologue, 60, 76
  • Eudora, 33, 36
  • executability: of a file, 156, 160, 256, 261, 267

    • F

  • Fakotakis, N., 278
  • feature: phonetic, 98; phonological, 2, 5, 8, 16, 19, 25, 46, 54, 62, 63, 65, 67, 69, 73, 77, 91, 94, 98, 106-108, 112, 114, 119, 138, 145, 148, 155, 171, 173, 187-189, 225, 261-263, 272
  • Feit, Douglas, 200, 277
  • Fellbaum, Christiane, 220, 272, 276
  • file: ASCII, 17, 18, 25, 40, 160, 256, 257, 260; audio, 35, 98; binhexed, 35; copying, 31, 40, 45, 84, 102, 142, 176, 180, 196, 263; data, 18, 94, 256, 258, 260, 261; dot, 260; downloading, 34, 40, 41, 45, 47, 53-55, 264; encoding, 35, 107; graphics, 53, 266; name, 36, 40, 44, 45, 51, 55, 56, 148, 153, 256, 261, 269; text, 84, 89, 92, 102, 142, 147-150, 152, 161, 184, 191, 194, 256, 258, 260, 263, 268
  • file transfer protocol (ftp), viii, 5, 26, 27, 30, 31, 39, 40, 42, 45-47, 50-53, 58, 90, 91, 93, 135, 256, 258, 262, 266, 276; anonymous, 256
  • filter, ix, 6, 48, 141, 162-164, 178, 180, 193, 261, 262, 268
  • Findler, Nicholas, 77, 272
  • FindPhone, 183, 185, 271
  • finger command, 82, 152, 204, 257
  • Finnish, 186, 187, 208
  • Fisher, William, 273
  • Flickinger, Can, 273
  • font, xv, 5, 12, 14, 33-35, 38, 40, 54, 78, 79, 87, 99, 160, 176, 178, 180, 182, 183, 261
  • Fontographer, 183
  • Ford, Ric, 14, 58, 272
  • formant, 70, 88, 97
  • format, vii, ix, 4, 11, 14, 15, 17, 22-25, 34, 35, 55-57, 64, 70, 87, 96, 102, 104, 106, 107, 115, 134, 135, 150, 160, 162, 164, 176, 177, 179, 181, 183, 186, 190-193, 196, 206, 257, 261, 262, 264, 267, 268, 275
  • formatter, 161, 162, 191, 192; multi-dictionary, 190; troff, 161
  • formatting: language-specific, 13, 14
  • FrameBuilder, 76, 80, 90
  • Francis, W.Nelson, 275
  • Frantz, Donald, 196, 272
  • Fraser, Norman, 199, 273
  • freeware, 84, 183
  • French, 72, 104, 111, 147
  • frequency, ix, 46, 72, 89, 97, 98, 116, 124, 129, 130, 133, 175, 184, 193, 223, 226, 252, 261, 270
  • Friedl, Jeffrey, 273
  • Fuchs, Ira, 273
  • Funke, J., 200, 277

    • G

  • Garofolo, John, 273
  • Gazdar, Gerald, 199, 273
  • Gdaniec, Claudia, 271
  • genres: markup of, 101, 103, 107, 108, 134
  • Global Jewish Database, 104
  • gloss, 21, 92, 93, 96, 154, 175, 178, 186, 190, 191, 194, 196
  • glossary, xi, 4, 55, 94, 224, 256
  • glyph, 33, 34, 183, 262
  • Goldfarb, Charles, 17, 273
  • GOLDVARB, 92
  • Goodman, Danny, 179, 273
  • gopher, viii, 5, 42, 44-47, 50, 51, 54, 91, 96, 97, 99, 136, 262, 269
  • Gowron, Mark, 199, 274
  • graph, 114, 194, 213, 216, 224, 228; semantic, 213-218, 228
  • graphical user interface (GUI), 10, 25, 171, 258, 261, 262, 268
  • graphics, 47, 52-54, 93, 114, 176, 179, 224, 264, 266, 267
  • Greek, 11-13, 85, 88, 99, 103, 120, 137
  • grep/egrep command, 38, 150, 151, 155, 156, 163, 194
  • Grice, H. Paul, 219, 273
  • Grishman, Ralph, 235, 271, 273
  • Gross, Derek, 220, 273, 276
  • Grosz, Barbara, 223, 224, 273
  • Guglielmo, Connie, 14, 272

    • H

  • Harris, Zellig, 233, 273
  • Harrison, Philip, 199, 200, 227, 271, 273, 280
  • Hearst, Marti A., 245, 277
  • Hebrew, 103, 120, 147, 208, 233
  • Heim, Michael, 273
  • Herwijnen, Eric, 17, 273
  • Hidden Markov Model (HMM), 234, 262, 275, 277; training, 63, 70, 98, 106, 234, 236, 239, 241, 243, 248, 249, 262-265, 269
  • Hindi, 34
  • Hindle, Donald, 252, 271, 273
  • Hirschberg, Julia, 224, 273
  • Hirschman, Lynette, xi, xvi, 207, 231, 236, 271, 273
  • Hoard, James, x, xiv, 6, 7, 9, 188, 197, 209, 212, 227, 273, 274
  • Hobbs, Jerry, 224, 274
  • Hockey, Susan, ix, xiv, 5, 9, 19, 64, 101, 134, 135, 274
  • Hofstadter, Douglas, 274, 279
  • Holt, Patrick, 270, 271, 274, 279
  • Holzhauser, Katherina, 227, 274
  • home directory, 152, 158, 259, 260, 269
  • home machine, 31, 33, 40, 43, 266
  • home page, 25, 38, 100, 158
  • home prompt, 25, 27, 30-33, 36, 38, 40, 41, 43, 84, 152, 158, 171, 259, 260, 266, 269
  • homograph, 132, 262
  • homonymy, 222
  • host, 42, 43, 47, 162, 204
  • Hudson, Richard, 199, 273, 274, 276
  • Huls, Carla, 224, 274
  • Hunicke-Smith, Kate, 273
  • Hunt, Geoffrey, 184, 185, 274
  • hypercard, 16
  • hyperlink, 56
  • hypertext, 51-55, 65, 66, 81, 99, 114, 179, 262, 263, 266, 267; markup language (HTML), 54, 55, 57, 60, 114, 153, 157, 161, 162, 262, 263; reference (HREF), 56; transfer protocol (http), xvi, 9, 25, 38, 39, 42, 51, 54-57, 59-61, 88, 90, 93-100, 135-137, 165, 177, 258, 259, 262, 263, 266, 272, 279

    • I

  • ICAME, 104, 136
  • icon, 54, 262
  • id: login, 257, 259
  • Ide, Nancy, 69, 274
  • identifier, 101, 108, 112, 154, 155, 230, 263
  • incompatibility, 144, 247; of mailers, 36; of software, 108, 211, 247, 258, 261
  • index, iv, xi, 42, 44-47, 56, 57, 60, 96, 104, 112, 116, 124, 130, 132, 164, 165, 172, 178, 180, 193, 194, 204, 214, 225, 226, 262, 263, 265, 269, 270
  • Indo-European, 88, 99, 138, 290
  • Inetd, 30
  • infixation, 187
  • inflection, 150, 153, 162, 175, 194, 207
  • Ingria, Robert, 224, 271, 273, 274
  • input, 67, 99, 140, 142, 151, 152, 157, 158, 162, 187, 199, 200, 202, 204, 209, 230, 235, 237-239, 241, 243, 251, 253, 258, 262, 268; standard, 141, 261, 268
  • interface, 32, 38, 42, 54, 81, 83, 98, 104, 143, 194, 230, 236, 258, 270
  • Interlinear Text Formatter (ITF), 191, 192
  • International Corpus of English (ICE), 136
  • International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 17, 267, 274
  • International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), 14, 33, 34, 70, 94, 96, 98, 100, 182, 183, 185
  • internet, vii, viii, 3, 5, 9, 25-32, 35, 36, 41, 42, 47, 50-52, 54, 57-60, 78, 104, 105, 164, 234, 256, 258, 260, 262-264, 266-269, 275, 276
  • internet protocol (IP), vii, 28-31, 54, 260, 263; TCP/IP, 31, 41, 46, 52, 54
  • Irizarry, Estelle, 64, 274
  • IT, 20, 89, 91, 190-194, 279
  • italics, 4, 22, 55, 106, 107, 112, 183, 262
  • item, 22, 45, 47, 48, 50, 55, 70, 73, 81, 84, 86, 96, 108, 174, 176, 189, 208, 220, 221, 223, 225, 226, 263; and arrangement, 85, 187; news, 47, 48, 50
  • IVARB, 77, 91, 92, 93

    • J

  • Japanese, 14, 72, 136, 233
  • Johnson, Jeff, 274
  • Johnson, Mark, 274
  • Jones, Russ, 58, 70, 92, 276
  • Jonesphones, 70, 92
  • Joshi, Aravind K., 224, 273

    • K

  • Kac, Michael, 232, 274
  • Kalash, Joseph, 279
  • Kaliski, Terry, 274
  • Kaplan, Ronald, 208, 271, 274
  • Karttunnen, Lauri, 217, 274
  • Kay, Martin, 198, 208, 274
  • Kaye, Jonathan, 69, 73, 272
  • Kehler, Andrew, 225, 274
  • Kempson, Ruth, 205, 206, 274, 279
  • Kernighan, Brian, 139, 164, 274, 275
  • Kerr, Elaine, 275
  • Kew, Jonathan, 177, 275
  • Kew, Priscilla, 177, 275
  • key, 12, 14, 52, 78, 149, 151, 161, 183, 240, 242, 243, 246-252, 254, 259, 260, 262-264, 266; sorting, 119, 121
  • keyboard, 13, 54, 105, 106, 119, 121, 149, 157, 160, 172, 183, 259, 260, 263, 267, 268
  • Kidder, Tracy, 164, 275
  • Kiraz, George, 208, 275
  • Klavans, Judith, 74, 270, 271, 275, 277
  • Kleene closure, 150, 263, 270
  • Kleene, Stephen, 150, 263, 270, 275
  • Klein, Ewan, 199, 273
  • Klingon, 31, 40
  • Knowles, Gerald, 69, 72, 275
  • Knuth, Donald, 177, 192, 275
  • Kohn, Wolf, 209, 212, 273
  • Korean, 233
  • Koskenniemi, Kimmo, 187, 275
  • Krol, Ed, 58, 275
  • KTEXT, 92
  • Kucera, Henry, 275
  • Kupiec, Julian, 226, 272, 275

    • L

  • label, 22, 43, 184, 213, 214, 217, 222, 246, 247, 249, 250
  • labeling, 184, 245, 246, 247, 248, 249, 269
  • Lafferty, J., 249, 275
  • Lakoff, George, xv, 221, 222, 275
  • Lamport, Leslie, 177, 192, 275
  • Lancashire, Ian, 102, 134, 135, 274, 275
  • Lancaster-Oslo-Bergen (LOB) Corpus, 5, 103, 136
  • Langendoen, D, 19, 276
  • Lappin, Shalom, 224, 276
  • laptop, 10, 172, 177
  • LaTeX, 161, 177, 192
  • Latin, 34, 79, 88, 99, 103, 105, 137, 148
  • Lawler, John, iii, iv, v, vii, ix, xiv, 1, 4, 5, 9, 99, 138
  • layout: of keyboard, 13; of page, 192
  • Leass, Herbert J., 224, 276
  • lemmatization, 132, 263
  • letter, 11, 12, 13, 14, 26, 33, 89, 106, 108, 109, 119, 121, 124, 145, 147, 148, 149, 154, 162, 194, 223, 243, 244, 256, 257, 258, 265, 266, 268; padding, 121, 265
  • Levy, Steven, 164, 276
  • lexeme, 20, 175
  • lexical entry, 10, 21, 22, 191
  • lexical item, 68, 92, 187, 208, 209, 226, 268
  • lexicography, 132, 145, 155, 164, 172
  • lexicon, 16, 21, 93, 96, 97, 137, 173, 177, 178, 180, 187, 188, 189, 190, 193, 198, 199, 226, 263
  • lexicostatistics, 98
  • Liberman, Mark, 271
  • Libes, Don, 164, 276
  • library: electronic, 107; of glyphs, 183; online, 2, 41, 44, 58, 60, 101, 107, 114, 160, 182, 262; using by telnet, 41
  • line: serial, 52, 266
  • line break, 55, 256
  • LINGUIST List, xiii, 5, 27, 37, 38, 51, 60, 102, 160
  • Linguistic Data Consortium (LDC), 103, 137, 263
  • linguistics: computational, xiv, xvi, 6-8, 69, 91, 93, 201, 208, 231, 232, 234, 235, 242, 243, 246, 251-253, 255, 259, 260, 262-264, 268; corpus-based, xi, 7, 233, 262, 263, 266; fieldwork in, xiii, xv, 1, 6, 10, 21, 25, 26, 70, 137, 170, 172-175, 177, 178, 182-184, 188, 190, 196, 232, 252, 253; historical, xiii, 145; teaching, viii, xiv, xv, 2, 3, 5, 8, 62-65, 68, 69, 71-73, 76, 78-81, 84-87, 89, 93, 94, 97, 99, 100, 116, 119, 135, 270, 274, 275, 279; theory, viii, xi, xv, xvi, 1, 6, 7, 8, 21, 26, 62, 63, 66-69, 73-75, 77, 85, 86, 95, 97, 114, 138-140, 142, 145, 152, 175, 198-202, 204-206, 209,-212, 219, 220, 223, 225, 230-233, 235, 242, 250-255, 264, 271, 272, 274-278; theory-neutral, 245
  • list: e-mail, 26, 27, 32, 33, 37-39, 50, 60, 102
  • listserv, 38, 39
  • Liu, Cricket, 28, 58, 276
  • local area network (LAN), 30
  • locator: in text, 108, 109, 111, 114
  • log file, 150, 236
  • login: anonymous, 27, 39, 45, 46, 52, 53, 256; remote, 30, 31, 39-41, 56, 172, 256, 269
  • ls (list directory) command, 39, 140, 153-156, 165, 260
  • LX Problems, 65, 73, 92
  • Lynn, Nadene, 279
  • Lynx, 42, 52

    • M

  • MacCormac, Earl R., 276
  • Macintosh, 10, 12, 14, 31, 34, 35, 41, 60, 81, 85, 88-99, 105, 137, 139, 147, 148, 153, 171, 176, 182, 183, 188-191, 194, 221, 257, 261, 270, 272, 279, 280, 290
  • Mackay, Wendy E., 276
  • MACLEX, 80, 93, 190, 191
  • Magerman, David., 248-251, 253, 276
  • Mail Transport Agent (MTA), 32
  • Mailbase, 39
  • Mailx, 32, 256
  • Majordomo, 39
  • manual and documentation, 18, 84, 111, 134, 153, 164, 165, 170, 224, 226, 227, 269, 270, 276, 279; man(ual) command, 153, 154, 165
  • Marcinkiewicz, Mary Ann, 276
  • Marcus, Mitchell P., 245, 271, 273, 276
  • markup, ix, 5, 17, 19, 23, 54, 55, 57, 101, 104, 106-108, 112, 134, 161, 260-262, 264, 267, 268, 272, 274, 276
  • Martin, James H., 221, 276
  • Martin, Jeremy, 135
  • Massey, L. Dan, 277
  • matching, 17, 21, 43, 60, 65, 69, 139, 150, 162, 163, 174, 178, 193, 194, 246-249, 268
  • Maxwell, Michael., 208, 276
  • McCarthy, John, 275
  • McCarty, Willard, xiv, 102, 103, 134
  • McLean, Ruari, 276
  • menu, 32, 41, 44-46, 48, 54, 55, 179, 185, 195, 262, 268
  • Merialdo, Bernard, 226, 276
  • Message Understanding Conference (MUC), xi, 235, 239, 240, 264, 271, 277
  • Metamail, 36
  • metaphor, xv, 1, 2, 28, 49, 50, 138, 139, 149, 160, 164, 178, 179, 211, 221, 222, 261, 262, 268, 270, 275, 276
  • Michaelis, Laura, 233, 276
  • MicroConcord, 135
  • Microsoft Word, 177, 178, 185, 190, 223, 275, 278
  • Mikheev, Andrei., 226, 276
  • Miller, D., 58
  • Miller, George, 220, 270, 276
  • Miller, Katherine, 220, 273, 276
  • Mitre Corporation, 7
  • Monmonier, Mark., 276
  • MonoConc, 135, 191, 193
  • Montgomery, Christine A., 200, 277
  • Morgan, Jerry, 272, 273, 277-280
  • morphology, x, xiii, 65, 69, 73, 74, 76, 85, 88, 92, 93, 126, 150, 162, 173, 175, 177, 186, 187, 192, 200, 206-208, 225, 233, 245, 251, 257; allomorph, 73, 187; clitic, 150, 153, 268; prefix, 51, 74, 154, 159, 260, 268
  • Mosaic, 42, 47, 52, 54, 258
  • mouse, 43, 48, 51, 54, 81-83, 171, 262
  • mpack command, 36
  • mput command, 40
  • Müller, Hans, 245, 276
  • Multi-Dictionary Formatter, 190
  • multidimensionality, vii, 4, 11, 15, 16, 19, 20, 24
  • multilingualism, vii, 4, 11, 13-15, 23, 24, 103, 136, 171-173, 176, 180, 270, 277, 279
  • Multi-purpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME), 34-37, 264; non-MIME mailers, 35, 36
  • Mutter, Sharon A., 277

    • N

  • name server, 37
  • naming, vii, 17, 18, 24, 25, 29, 36-41, 44, 45, 48, 49, 51, 55, 56, 65, 90, 94, 98, 108, 112, 114, 141, 148-158, 161, 172, 177, 187, 194, 213, 222, 233, 240, 245, 251, 256, 257, 259-261, 266, 269, 290
  • Natalis, G., 276
  • natural language, xiii, xv, 6-8, 69, 76, 103, 143, 151, 153, 187, 188, 197, 198, 201, 202, 206-208, 211, 212, 216, 217, 226, 230-232, 234, 235, 253
  • natural language processing (NLP), x, xiii-xv, 2, 6-9, 11, 69, 76, 81, 103, 138, 143, 149, 151, 153, 187, 188, 197-202, 206-208, 211, 212, 216, 217, 220, 221, 223-226, 230-232, 234, 235, 253, 270-278
  • Nerbonne, John, 279
  • Netscape, 33, 36, 42, 48, 52, 53, 54, 55, 60, 258
  • Newmeyer, Frederick J., 277
  • news, viii, 44, 47-51, 60, 148, 151, 152, 170, 171, 221, 264, 267
  • newsgroups, 20, 28, 47-50, 145, 174, 207, 227, 239, 264, 267; alt, 49, 50, 61
  • newsreader, 48, 50, 148, 260; tin, 152; trn, 48, 148, 151, 152, 260, 264
  • NeXT, 95, 97, 138, 171, 261
  • Nicolino, Thomas A., 207, 277
  • non-terminal, 245-247, 249
  • Noordman, Leo G. M., 224, 278
  • Norvig, Peter, 199, 274
  • noun, 116, 132, 151, 152, 174, 175, 208, 220, 222, 227, 228, 262, 265, 272, 273, 276, 290
  • noun phrase, 246-249; base, 248, 249
  • number: bases, 257; binary, 28, 145, 257, 258; decimal, 34, 119, 243, 257; hexadecimal, 147, 148, 257; octal, 257
  • Nunberg, Geoffrey., 277
  • Nye, Adrian, 58, 276

    • O

  • object-oriented, 10, 18, 20, 22, 24, 25, 95, 112, 204, 222, 224, 225, 240, 252, 257, 260, 264, 265, 271, 272, 280
  • Oflazer, K., 277
  • Opentext, 114
  • operating system, x, 6, 11, 12, 14, 15, 138, 139, 143, 144, 170, 171, 258, 260-266, 268, 270; DOS, 11, 31, 90-95, 97-99, 104, 135, 139, 147, 153, 171, 176, 178, 180, 184, 185, 188, 190, 191, 193, 195, 258, 267, 268, 270; Macintosh, 139; shell, 150, 154-157, 160, 165, 256, 260, 267, 269, 270; Bourne shell, 13, 154, 156, 157, 165, 267; C-shell, 141, 154-156, 165, 256, 260, 267; tcsh, 256; UNIX, ix, 5, 6, 32, 34, 41, 46, 48, 55, 92, 93, 97, 104, 114, 135, 138-141, 143-145, 147-158, 160, 161, 163-165, 171, 188, 256-261, 263, 264, 266-270, 275, 276, 278, 290; Windows, 10, 12, 15, 34, 54, 60, 96-98, 135, 171, 176, 178, 179, 182-184, 188, 193, 261
  • operator: ag(ent), 213
  • optical character recognition (OCR), ix, 105, 106, 133, 134, 265, 267
  • orthography, 72, 81, 95, 119, 207, 245
  • overdifferentiation, 12, 13
  • Oxford Acoustic Phonetic Database, 72
  • Oxford Concordance Program (OCP), xiv, 115, 119, 121, 129, 134, 135, 193, 258, 265; Micro-OCP, 134, 135, 191, 193
  • Oxford Text Archive (OTA), 102, 137

    • P

  • packet, 28-31, 266-268
  • Pallett, David, 273
  • Palmer, David D., xi, xvi, 231, 245, 277
  • Panglot, 34
  • Panorama, 114
  • Pao, Christine, 273
  • Parker, Rogers C., 277
  • Parlett, James W., 271
  • parser, 25, 74, 75, 91, 114, 175, 187, 188, 192, 208, 209, 242, 246, 248, 249, 270, 272, 273; chart, 248
  • PARSEVAL, 246-248
  • parsing, xi, 75, 89, 91, 92, 95, 99, 141, 158, 170, 175, 186-189, 199, 208, 209, 227, 234, 245-250, 253, 266, 267, 273, 276
  • part of speech, 18, 21, 22, 208, 223, 226, 233, 234, 241, 245, 251, 254, 262, 265, 266, 268, 271, 272, 275, 278
  • Partee, Barbara Hall, 250, 279
  • Parunak, H. Van Dyke, 15, 277
  • Passonneau, Rebecca J., 224, 277
  • path, 28, 51, 151-153, 156, 215, 266, 268, 269
  • PATR, 89; PATR-II, 188; PC-PATR, 76, 188, 189
  • pattern matching, xiii, 89, 98, 127, 132, 174, 185, 186, 194, 208, 276
  • PC-Kimmo, xiii, 74, 92, 93, 186-188, 270, 274, 278
  • Pedersen, Jan, 272
  • Peek, Jerry, 58, 276
  • PEPPER, 79, 93
  • Perry, John, 203, 204, 270
  • Peters, Stanley, 271
  • Phonetic Symbol Guide, 70, 94
  • phonetics, ix, x, xv, 20, 33, 35, 63, 69-71, 73, 79, 82, 87-89, 91-94, 96,-98, 100, 145, 172, 173, 177, 182, 183, 185, 186, 200, 202, 275, 278; acoustic, 70, 72, 87, 88, 90, 91, 96; phones, 173; pitch analysis, 96, 98; vocal tract, 71, 84, 88, 97, 98; vowel, 13, 70-73, 82, 88, 92, 97, 145, 184, 186; waveform, 71, 88, 90, 184, 254
  • PHONO, 94
  • phonology, ix, x, xiv, 20, 25, 65, 69, 73, 76, 89, 91-93, 96, 98, 145, 172-175, 177, 182, 185-187, 194, 196, 200, 206-208, 233, 271, 272, 274, 276; phoneme, 10, 20, 62, 65, 69, 70, 72, 73, 80-82, 88, 89, 94, 95, 98, 173, 174, 196, 234, 243, 262; stress, 20, 73, 99, 147, 184, 186; syllable, 20, 99, 184, 186, 254
  • phonostatistics, 196
  • PHONRULE, 187
  • phrasebooks, 165
  • Phthong, xv, 5, 65, 66, 70, 73, 80-83, 84, 94
  • Pieraccini, Roberto, 277
  • Piez, Wendell, 112
  • Pike, Rob, 164, 275
  • pine, 32, 36, 161
  • Plauger, P. J., 275
  • point-to-point protocol (PPP), 54, 266
  • Pollard, Carl, 199, 204, 277
  • portable computer, 6, 23, 170, 172, 184, 191
  • PostScript, 183
  • pragmatics, 7, 28, 95, 199, 200, 202, 204, 206, 212, 219, 222, 225, 272
  • preposition, 74, 212, 222, 227, 229
  • processing: background, 41, 70, 150, 152, 257
  • ProfGlot, 76, 95
  • programming language, 67, 69, 139, 143, 164, 180, 264; awk, 143, 163-165, 261, 272; C, 90, 96, 103, 104, 108, 109, 134, 135, 139, 143, 144, 153, 186, 247, 271, 272, 274, 275, 277, 279; perl, 143, 163, 164, 261; prolog, 69
  • prompt, 5, 32, 36, 39, 47, 48, 140, 151, 154, 155
  • prosody, 185, 233, 242
  • protocol, 5, 28, 30-32, 35, 39, 42, 51, 52, 54, 258, 262, 263, 266, 268
  • prototype, 4, 81, 207, 220, 227, 230, 252
  • Psotka, Joseph, 64, 277
  • psycholinguistics, 78
  • Pustejovsky, James, 226, 277

    • Q

  • quantification, 209, 211, 254
  • Quarterman, John S., 59, 277
  • query, 19, 25, 47, 103, 130, 170, 198, 199, 206, 216, 225, 230, 236, 237, 241, 263

    • R

  • Rabiner, Lawrence R., 234, 277
  • Raskin, Victor, 95
  • Raymond, Eric S., 145, 164, 278
  • recall, 97, 156, 240, 244, 246-249, 252, 266
  • redirection, 141, 152, 157, 262, 268; pipe, 141, 142, 151, 156, 162, 263
  • regular expression, 6, 150, 151, 158, 162-165, 194, 261, 263, 266, 270
  • Reichman, Rachel, 278
  • relational logic, 212, 213, 215, 216, 222, 223, 273
  • relevance theory, 9, 46, 205, 216, 219, 223, 241, 269, 279
  • rendering, 13, 69, 107, 261, 267
  • Renear, Allen H., 23, 177, 272
  • Resnik, Philip, 270, 275, 277
  • Rettig, Marc, 24, 171, 278
  • rich text format (RTF), 34, 178, 267
  • Riley, Michael D., 245, 278
  • Ritchie, Dennis, 139, 274
  • Roach, Peter, 69, 274, 278
  • robustness, 8, 86, 193, 199, 200, 209, 225, 227, 231, 233, 234, 239, 241, 275
  • Roche, Emmanuel,, 226, 278
  • Rogers, Henry, viii, xv, 5, 8, 9, 62, 95, 244, 277
  • romanization, 147
  • Rook, 177, 179, 188, 189, 190
  • Rooth, Mats, 252, 273
  • Rosch, Eleanor, 220, 278
  • Rosenfeld, E., 278
  • Roukos, S., 271
  • router, vii, 28-30, 267
  • Rudnicky, Alex, 273
  • rule, 13, 14, 49, 69, 89, 91, 93-95, 97, 175, 187-189, 200, 204, 206-210, 221, 224, 226, 227, 233, 241, 245, 250, 251, 260, 272, 274, 276

    • S

  • Sabah, Gerard, 270
  • Saffran, Jenny R., 254, 278
  • Sag, Ivan A., 199, 204, 273, 277
  • Salus, Peter, 145, 164, 278, 290
  • Sanders, Ted J. M., 224, 278
  • Santorini, P., 271, 273, 276
  • SARA, 114, 135
  • Sawers, Martin, 94
  • scanning, 105, 106, 107, 133, 267
  • Schaaik, Gerjan Van, 270
  • Schabes, Yves, 226, 278
  • Schachter, Paul, 279
  • Schneiderman, Ben, 81, 278
  • Scholnick, E., 278
  • Scott, Mike, 135, 273
  • Script Manager, 270
  • script, orthographic, 14, 15, 34, 35, 59, 78, 106, 173, 176, 272
  • searching, 6, 41- 46, 60, 90, 104, 116, 135, 156, 159, 163, 173, 174, 179, 186, 191, 193, 194, 205, 208, 248, 251, 256, 263, 268, 269
  • Usenet, 47, 48, 144, 148, 165
  • segmentation, xvi, 20, 69, 98, 114, 184, 193, 206, 223, 224, 234, 242, 243, 254, 260, 262
  • Selfridge, A, 278
  • SEMANTICA, 76, 95
  • semantics, xiii, xv, 7, 10, 12, 13, 18, 19, 25, 76, 90, 95, 140, 143, 172, 198-200, 202-206, 209-219, 225-228, 230, 251, 252, 272, 273, 277; polysemy, 222
  • SEMHE, 275
  • sentence, xi, xvi, 14-16, 20, 62, 65, 68, 75, 86, 88, 91, 95, 108, 119, 124, 140, 151, 173, 174, 176, 189, 191, 202-204, 206, 208-212, 214-218, 227-230, 237, 238, 242-250, 253, 254, 270, 277
  • Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP), 54
  • Shannon, Claude, 275
  • shareware, 84, 85, 267
  • Shoebox, 20, 178, 180, 188, 190-193, 272
  • Sidner, Candace, 223, 224, 273
  • SIGNALYZE, 71, 96, 183-185
  • Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), 32
  • Simplified English (SE), 226-230, 270, 274
  • simulation, 7, 12, 67, 69, 77, 79, 97, 198, 209
  • Sinclair, J.M., 135
  • singular value decomposition (SVD), 225
  • Situation Semantics, 205, 206, 270, 274
  • Sleator, D., 275
  • Smith, David, 93
  • Smith, Henry C., 22, 279
  • Smith, J. Jerome, 77
  • Smith, Norval, 272
  • Sobin, Nicholas, 68, 69, 279
  • sociolinguistics, 76, 77, 92, 99, 182, 200
  • Soemarmo, Marmo, 89
  • SoftQuad, 114
  • Software Tools, xiv, 2, 3, 6, 8, 10, 16, 25, 63, 73, 98, 101, 114, 116, 132, 133, 135, 139, 140-143, 149, 153, 154, 160, 161, 163, 172, 178, 179, 182, 184, 191, 226, 231, 232, 234, 269, 275, 279
  • sorting, ix, 13, 15, 79, 89, 98, 116, 119, 120, 121, 124, 126, 129, 141, 142, 148, 154, 156, 170, 172-174, 178, 179, 191, 193, 194, 258, 265, 267, 268
  • spectrography, xv, 71, 90, 96, 184, 198
  • speech, x, xiv, xv, xvi, 15, 19-21, 72, 76, 79, 88, 90, 93, 96, 98, 100, 101, 103, 109, 114, 119, 134, 135, 136, 137, 143, 149, 170, 177, 182, 183, 184, 202, 223, 224, 226, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 240, 241, 242, 243, 254, 256, 259, 263, 271, 272, 275, 277, 278, 279; recognition, 202, 234, 235, 236, 238, 254, 256; synthesis, 88, 202
  • speech pathology, xv, 79
  • SPEECHLAB, 96
  • spelling, 22, 81, 132, 176, 262
  • Sperber, Dan, 203, 205, 216, 219, 223, 279
  • Sperberg-McQueen, C. M., 19, 135, 279
  • Spooren, Wilbert P. M., 224, 278
  • spreadsheet, 16, 19, 73
  • Stairs, Michael, 134
  • Stallman, Richard M., 165, 279
  • STAMP, 97, 187
  • Standard General Markup Language (SGML), ix, 5, 17, 18, 19, 20, 23, 111, 112, 114, 115, 135, 137, 161, 257, 260, 267, 268, 272, 273, 274; Document Type Definition (DTD), 18, 19, 112, 114, 260; element, 13, 16-21, 23, 24, 112, 114, 154, 206, 211-213, 215, 217, 223-225, 233, 246, 257, 260, 262, 268; entity, 50, 112, 172, 212, 240, 260, 264-266; feature structures, 16, 19, 114, 187, 189; IDREF, 19
  • statistics, 7, 8, 63, 77, 78, 133, 175, 193, 195, 197, 201, 225, 226, 231, 234, 241, 249, 251-254, 262; probabilistic, 234, 248, 249, 254, 276
  • Stettner, Heidi, 279
  • Stockwell, Robert, 250, 279
  • Stoll, Cliff, 164, 279
  • Stonebraker, Michael, 16, 279
  • storage, iv, 15, 19, 20, 22- 24, 54, 70, 73, 75, 76, 84, 93, 97, 102, 107, 119, 150, 164, 173, 180, 191, 233, 256, 259, 261, 264-267
  • stream, 14, 15, 17, 19, 142, 145, 147, 149, 150, 162, 163, 177, 206, 243, 261, 264, 267, 268
  • string, 6, 12, 14, 21, 24, 40, 42, 44, 75, 89, 92, 140, 142, 149-153, 156, 158-160, 162, 163, 173, 174, 180, 201, 202, 208, 247, 256, 260-264, 266, 268, 270
  • structured query language (SQL), 237
  • style sheet, 23, 176, 177, 268
  • Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL), xiii, xv, 4-6, 11, 24, 25, 60, 92, 97, 99, 170, 182, 183, 190, 193, 272, 274, 275, 278, 279
  • Sun, 31, 41, 90, 138, 142
  • Sundheim, Beth, 207, 235, 271, 273
  • SuperCard, 65
  • supra-segmental, 148
  • switch, 11, 13, 151, 153, 154, 156, 157, 173, 203, 204, 268
  • SYNTACTICA, 76, 97
  • syntax, x, xv, 1, 7, 16, 18, 35, 47, 48, 51, 68, 69, 73-76, 85, 86, 92, 97, 111, 126, 139, 140, 150, 151, 154, 158, 172-175, 177, 178, 186, 188, 189, 199, 200, 202, 206-209, 211, 212, 225, 227, 229, 233, 234, 245, 246, 249, 250, 251, 265, 266, 268, 270- 273, 277, 279; phrase structure, 2, 16, 20, 68, 89, 91, 95, 97, 124, 127, 143, 151, 173, 174, 188, 189, 193, 199, 208, 212, 216, 224, 244, 246, 248, 268, 272, 273, 277; subcategorization, 251, 256, 265; transformational, 231, 250
  • SYSPRO, 69, 97

    • T

  • TACT, 104, 132, 134, 135, 191, 193, 194
  • tag, 17, 23, 55, 56, 112, 114, 161, 234, 241, 242, 245, 246, 254, 257, 260, 262, 263, 265, 268; part-of-speech, 226, 234, 251, 254, 262, 265, 268
  • tagging, 114, 175, 187, 188, 226, 234, 240, 245, 254, 268, 271, 272, 275, 276, 278
  • Tango, 54, 60
  • tar command, 153
  • TEACH-LING, 100
  • telnet, viii, 26, 30, 31, 41, 45, 46, 51, 269
  • Temperley, D., 275
  • terminology, 77, 94, 200, 212, 219, 240
  • TeX, 161, 177, 192
  • text: electronic, xiv, 5, 40, 101-105, 107, 111, 112, 114, 121, 133, 136, 137, 259, 265, 268; interlinear, 20, 25, 89, 91, 175, 177, 178, 182, 188, 189, 191, 192, 194, 279; interlinearizing, 178, 193; readability, 7, 197
  • Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), ix, xiv, xv, 5, 19, 104, 111, 112, 114, 115, 135, 137, 269, 271, 276, 279
  • thesaurus, 102, 227, 252
  • Titivillus, 86
  • token, 130, 175, 207-209, 269
  • tokenization of text, 208
  • transmission control protocol (TCP), 31, 54; TCP/IP, 31, 41, 46, 52, 54
  • TreeBank, 245- 251, 259, 266, 276
  • TrueType, 34, 178, 183
  • Tufte, Edward R., 279
  • Turing, A. M., 197, 279
  • Tversky, Barbara, 220, 279
  • typesetting, ix, 23, 107, 177, 191, 192
  • type-token ratio, 174
  • typography, 106, 107, 119, 271, 276, 277

    • U

  • Unicode, 14, 34, 54, 59, 60, 269, 279
  • unification, 189, 231
  • universal resource locator (URL), 9, 51, 55-57, 157, 158, 263
  • Unix, ix, 5, 6, 32, 34, 41, 46, 48, 55, 92, 93, 97, 104, 114, 135, 138-141, 143-145, 147-158, 160, 161, 163-165, 171, 188, 256-261, 263, 264, 266,-270, 275, 276, 278, 290; Berkeley Standard Distribution (BSD), 144, 258; System V, 144, 258
  • update anomaly, 22, 211
  • Updegrove, Daniel, 279
  • UPSID, 73, 98
  • user interface, 10, 179, 258, 261, 262, 278
  • utility program, 14, 33, 34, 37, 38, 45-47, 50, 121, 138, 140, 183, 199, 264
  • uuencode, 34, 40

    • V

  • Valentine, J. Randolph, x, 6, 8, 72, 73, 91, 170
  • Van der Korst, Bieke, 270
  • vaporware, 85, 102
  • VARBRUL, 92
  • variable: indexical, 152, 269
  • VAX, 144
  • Veatch, Tom, 92
  • verb, 116, 132, 151, 153, 175, 178, 211, 212, 214, 217, 218, 220, 222, 227-229, 262, 265, 268; tense, 82, 214, 218
  • Verbmobil, 274
  • veronica, 45
  • Versaw, Larry, 20, 91, 279
  • Vigso, D. K., 277
  • vocabulary, 7, 55, 101, 130, 133, 193, 195-197, 219, 220, 223, 225-227, 232, 236, 269, 272
  • Volk, Martin, 91

    • W

  • Waibel, Alex, 277, 279
  • Walter, Sharon M., 112, 200, 273, 277
  • Waters, Bruce, 93
  • Webber, Bonnie, 224, 279
  • Weber, David J., 21, 177, 279
  • Weinstein, Scott, 224, 273
  • Whorf, Benjamin Lee, 149, 279
  • wide area information service (WAIS), viii, 42, 46, 47, 51, 54, 269
  • Wiebe, Janyce M., 224, 279
  • Williams, David B., 90
  • Williams, Noel, 274
  • Williams, Robin, 280
  • Wilson, Dierdre, xiv, 203, 205, 216, 219, 223, 279
  • Wimbish, John S., 20, 272
  • Winkler, Dan, 179, 280
  • Winsock, 31, 54
  • Wojcik, Richard, xiv, 227, 274, 280
  • Wooldridge, T.R., 134
  • WordCruncher, 104
  • WordNet, 220, 223, 273, 276
  • WordPerfect, 114
  • wordprocessing, 13, 15-19, 23, 33-36, 40, 57, 85, 106, 107, 144, 160-162, 170, 172, 174-178, 190, 223, 260, 261, 264, 267, 270
  • WORDSURV, 195, 196
  • World Script, 14, 15, 270
  • World Wide Web (WWW), viii, xvi, 4, 5, 9, 26, 27, 31-33, 38, 42, 46-52, 54-61, 84, 101, 114, 135-138, 144, 150, 151, 153, 157, 158, 160,-162, 164, 165, 258, 259, 262, 263, 266, 267, 269, 270, 272
  • WYSIWYG, 23, 176, 177

    • X

  • Xbase, 178, 180, 181, 190
  • X-ray, 90, 96, 98

    • Y

  • Yarowsky, David, 251, 252, 280
  • YOUPIE, 69, 73, 99
  • Yourdon, Edward, 24, 272

    • Z

  • Zaenen, Annie, 271
  • Zdonik, Stanley B., 24, 280
  • Zock, Michael, 270