INTRODUCTION

Playing a musical instrument, such as the cello, is one of the most awkward, unnatural activities that an individual can perform. Many student, amateur, and professional cellists suffer unnecessary arm, back, and neck problems from the cramped positions and repetitive motions. It has been suggested that excess muscle tension from repetitive motion will eventually lead to debilitating overuse injuries (James and Parry, 1994).

Many modifications have been made to the cello to allow for a more natural, relaxed position when playing. One such modification involves the endpin, a metal rod that holds the cello in place. The comparison: The classic style endpin, which is straight, versus the modified style endpin, which is bent. The bent endpin supposedly permits a greater range of motion for the right wrist, arm, shoulder, and side of the body. The goal of this project is to discover if the bent-style endpin offers a significant advantage over the traditional-style endpin. A kinematic study of the upper extremity will indicate which setup provides a greater range of motion.