Study Guide

Note: I have not seen the exam, however these are things that I think you could benefit from studying. Also note that you should know ALL KEY TERMS, I have not written all of these out for the chapters, they are at the back of your chapters.

Chapter 1 Introduction

The Study of Human Development

• Scientific Study of Human Development</li>

• The Life-Span Perspective </li>

• Plastic

• The Three Domains

• Biosocial domain</li>

• Cognitive domain</li>

• Psychosocial domain</li>

• Contexts and Systems

• Ecological Model (lager perspective)
• Chronosystem
• Butterfly Effect
• Development — Change
• SES
• Culture
• Overlapping Contexts

• A LIFE-SPAN VIEW Age and Poverty

• The Person Within the Systems <br>

• Developmental Study as a Science <br>

• Steps in the Scientific Method

• Some Complications/Limitations<br>

• Research Methods

• Observation

• Ethics and Science <br>

• The Implications of Research <br>

• Looking Forward

Chapter 2 Theories of Development <br>

• What Theories Do <br>

• Developmental Theory

• Grand Theories

• Psychoanalytic Theory
• Psychosocial Theory
• Learning Theory
• Cognitive Theory
• Piaget

• Evaluation of Grand Theories <br>

• Emergent Theories

• Sociocultural Theory
• Vygotsky
• ZPD
• Epigenetic System theory
• Selective Adaptations

• Epigenetic Systems Theory

• Compare the Theories

• Process of Conception
• Human Genome Project

• Genotype to Phenotype <br>

• Gene-Gene Interaction <br>

• Inherited Abnormalities (Know all)

• Chromosomal Miscount

Chapter 4 Prenatal Development and Birth <br>

• From Zygote to Newborn (know whole process)

• Germinal: The First 14 Days <br>
• Embryo: From the Third Through the Eighth Week
• Fetus: From the Ninth Week Until Birth <br>

• IN PERSON Social Interaction Before Birth <br>

• Risk Reduction
• Determining Risk (Critical Period)
• Specific Teratogens (Know all - Bx)

• Low Birthweight — Causes & outcomes
• Too Soon -
• Too Small

• Nutrition and Poverty <br>

• The Normal Birth
• The Newborn's First Minutes
• Medical Attention <br>

• Birth Complications
• The Beginning of Bonding
• Depression and Love <br>

Chapter 5 The First Two Years: Biosocial Development <br>

• Physical Growth and Health <br>
• Size and Shape
• Preventive Medicine <br>

• Brain Growth and Development <br>

• Connections in the Brain
• Brain Growth and Brain Function
• The Role of Experience in Brain Development <br>

• Motor Skills
• Reflexes
• Gross Motor Skills
• Fine Motor Skills
• Variations and Ethnic Differences in Timing <br>

• Sensory and Perceptual Capacities (when?)
• Vision
• Hearing

• RESEARCH REPORT Chronic Otitis Media

• Taste, Smell, and Touch
• Nutrition
• The Ideal Diet
• Nutritional Problems <br>

Chapter 6 The First Two Years: Cognitive Development Perception and Cognition

• The Gibson's Affordances

• Dynamic Perception <br>

• Key Elements of Cognitive Growth <br>

• Categories <br>

• Memory <br>

• Cause and Effect
• Piaget's Sensorimotor Intelligence
• Active Intelligence
• Six Stages of Infant Cognition
• Language Development
• First Noises and Gestures
• First Words and Sentences
• Adults and Babies Teach Each Other <br>

Chapter 7 The First Two Years: Psychosocial Development <br>

• Early Emotions
• Smiles
• Stranger Wariness
• Separation Wariness
• Separation Anxiety
• Social Referencing
• The First Half Year
• The Older Infant
• Emotions as a Social Window
• Self-Awareness
• The Origins of Personality
• Learning Theory
• Psychoanalytic Theory
• Epigenetic Systems Theory
• Interaction Again
• Synchrony
• Proximity-Seeking Bx
• Contact-maintaining bx
• Insecure attachment
• Stranger situation
• Becoming Social Partners
• Attachment
• Temperament