Miller, Warren E., Donald R. Kinder, Steven J. Rosenstone, and the National Election Studies
American National Election Study, 1992: Pre- and Post-Election Survey [Enhanced With 1990 and 1991 Data]
(ICPSR 6067) ***SEE SPECIAL DATA NOTE (ERRATA) AT END OF THIS FILE***
SUMMARY: The 1992 National Election Study entailed both a pre-election interview and a post-election reinterview. Approximately half of the 1992 cases are comprised of empaneled respondents who were first interviewed in AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1990: POST-ELECTION SURVEY (ICPSR 9548) and later in AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY: 1990-1991 PANEL STUDY OF THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF WAR/1991 PILOT STUDY (ICPSR 9673). The other half of the cases are a freshly drawn cross-section sample. The panel component of the study design provides an opportunity to trace how the changing fortunes of the Bush presidency, from the high levels of approval at the start of the Gulf War through the decline after the onset of a recession, affected voting in the November 1992 presidential election. It also permits analysts to investigate the origins of the Clinton and Perot coalitions as well as changes in the public's political preferences over the two years preceding the 1992 election. In the 1990 Post-Election Survey two forms of the survey instrument were used, with about 75 percent of the content being the same on both forms. Survey questions included the now-standard National Election Studies battery of questions, along with items on presidential performance and the Persian Gulf conflict. Additionally, Form A contained questions relating to values and individualism, while Form B had content relating to foreign relations. In 1991, respondents were reinterviewed several months after hostilities in the Persian Gulf ended, and in this second wave the survey content consisted of a repeat of a subset of questions from the 1990 Post-Election Survey, along with additional items especially relevant to the Gulf War. A number of contextual variables also are provided, including summary variables that combine the respondent's recall of his or her senator's and representative's vote on the use of force with that congressperson's actual vote. The content for the 1992 Election Study reflects its dual purpose, both as the traditional presidential election year time-series data collection and as the third wave of a panel study. In addition to the standard or core content items, respondents were asked their positions on social issues such as altruism, abortion, the death penalty, prayer in the schools, the rights of homosexuals, sexual harassment, women's rights, and feminist consciousness. Other substantive themes included racial and ethnic stereotypes, opinions on school integration and affirmative action, attitudes towards immigrants (particularly Hispanics and Asians), opinions on immigration policy and bilingual education, assessments of United States foreign policy goals, and United States involvement in the Persian Gulf War.
STUDY PARTS NOT AVAILABLE ON THIS CDROM: The Nonresponse "Bias" File (Part 23), designed to permit analysis of the causes and consequences of nonresponse, presents information concerning 3,690 cases that include complete or partial interviews for the Pre- /Post-Election Survey plus refusals, no-contact, and nonsample cases.
UNIVERSE: All United States citizens of voting age on or before November 6, 1990 (for those interviewed in 1990 and 1991), and on or before November 3, 1992 (for those interviewed in 1992 and 1993), residing in housing units other than on military reservations in the 48 coterminous states.
SAMPLING: A national multistage area probability sample was employed for the 1990 Post-Election Survey and the 1992 Pre- and Post-Election Survey. For the 1990-1991 Panel Study of the Political Consequences of the War, 615 respondents were not reinterviewed either due to panel mortality (e.g., they had moved or died), or were effectively nonsample for telephone reinterview because they were extremely hard of hearing, could not be reached by telephone, or needed to be interviewed in a language other than English.
NOTE: A total of 2,485 citizens were interviewed in the nine weeks prior to the November 3, 1992, election. To permit analysis of the impact of the unfolding election campaign, a random half of the sample was released to the field on September 1 and the other half on October 1. Of the pre- election interviews, 1,359 were conducted with panel respondents and 1,126 with cross-section respondents. In the weeks following the election, 2,255 pre-election respondents (1,250 panel and 1,005 cross-section) were reinterviewed. Variables 2008 (91: RESULT CODE), 7000 (92: TIME SERIES WEIGHT), and 7001 (92: TYPE OF INCUMBENT) are new additions to this collection. All other variables retain their original numbers from when they first appeared in either AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1990: POST-ELECTION SURVEY [ICPSR VERSION] (ICPSR 9548), AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY: 1990-1991 PANEL STUDY OF THE POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF WAR/1991 PILOT STUDY [CPS VERSION] and [ICPSR VERSION] (ICPSR 9673), or AMERICAN NATIONAL ELECTION STUDY, 1992: PRE- AND POST-ELECTION SURVEY [CPS EARLY RELEASE VERSION]. Variables from 1990 and 1991 have been padded with missing data values for all 1992 cross-section respondents.
CODEBOOK: The 1992 codebook is present on this CD not as a single file but in a set of files. See the file 92readme.txt in this subdirectory for a listing of codebook files in their appropriate order.
Main Data File File Structure: rectangular Cases: 2,485 Variables: 2,105
SPECIAL DATA NOTE: ERRATA IN DATA - 1992 Congressional Districts Late in 1994 it became apparent that in some cases of the 1992 NES Study an incorrect congressional district number had been assigned. These errors affect all questions related to House race which are administered according to assigned-CD candidate names. Below is a listing of affected 1992 (pre) case IDs with correct congressional districts, however no data have been changed in the 1992 data as a result. Data users can delete these cases from affected vars if desired. NES plans in 1995 to produce a technical report examining the 1992 incidence of CD misassignment and its possible effects on 1992 NES data.
92 PRE OLD CORRECT CORRECT ID ST/CD ST/CD TYPERACE 0001 3405 3406 12 0006 4404 4406 21 0007 4404 4406 21 0008 3405 3404 12 0056 2103 2101 12 0059 2103 2101 12 0071 3405 3404/3406 12/12 0124 1205 1209 12 0137 3306 3305 12 0167 3306 3305 12 0180 3306 3305 12 0188 4707 4708 12 0211 2103 2101 12 0212 4404 4406 21 0233 1319 1317 12 0249 2310 2312 12 0304 7144 7148 21 0332 2310 2312 12 0345 4707 4708 12 0355 1319 1317 12 0376 3405 3404/3406 12/12 0381 1319 1317 12 0383 7144 7148 21 0428 4707 4708 12 0441 1302 1301 12 0442 1302 1301 12 0452 3405 3404 12 0508 3405 3404 12 0524 4404 4406 21 0587 4707 4708 12 0703 3405 3404 12 0709 3306 3305 12 0710 3306 3305 12 0746 1205 1209 12 0753 7144 7148 21 0757 7144 7148 21 0770 1205 1209 12 0781 4707 4708 12 0808 7144 7148 21 0828 2310 2312 12 0865 3405 3404 12 0866 1319 1317 12 0867 1319 1317 12 0879 3306 3305 12 0932 2310 2312 12 0938 7144 7148 21 0943 2103 2101 12 0945 4404 4406 21 0986 1205 1209 12 0992 1205 1209 12 1007 1319 1317 12 1013 1319 1317 12 1045 4707 4708 12 1058 7144 7148 21 1059 7144 7148 21 1065 1302 1301 12 1068 1302 1301 12 1085 7144 7148 21 1087 7144 7148 21 1092 7144 7148 21 1096 3306 3305 12 1119 7144 7148 21 1122 7144 7148 21 1123 7144 7148 21 1124 7144 7148 21 1125 7144 7148 21 2322 4707 4708 12 2358 4707 4708 12 2468 4707 4708 12 2496 4707 4708 12 2595 4707 4708 12